To study the application of TMS320C80 in image processing, an image processing system was designed based on this device, and the task of real time image processing was well accomplished on the hardware platform. TMS3...To study the application of TMS320C80 in image processing, an image processing system was designed based on this device, and the task of real time image processing was well accomplished on the hardware platform. TMS320C80 architecture's high degree of on chip integration and software flexibility will make it widely used in image processing that requires high processing speeds.展开更多
The impacts of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HKZMB)on suspended sediment content(SSC)were analysed in the Zhujiang River Estuary based on data from HY-1C,which was launched in September 2018 in China,carrying Coas...The impacts of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HKZMB)on suspended sediment content(SSC)were analysed in the Zhujiang River Estuary based on data from HY-1C,which was launched in September 2018 in China,carrying Coastal Zone Imager(CZI)and Chinese Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner on it.A new SSC inversion model was established based on the relationship between in-situ SSC and the remote sensing reflectance in red and near-infrared bands of CZI image.HY-1C satellite data obtained from October to December 2019 were applied to retrieve SSC in the Zhujiang River Estuary.The results show that SSC around the HKZMB is ranging from 20 mg/L to 95 mg/L.SSC change obviously on two sides of the bridge.During flooding and ebbing period,SSC increases obviously downstream of the bridge.SSC difference between upstream and downstream is ranging from 5 mg/L to 20 mg/L.Currents flowing across the HKZMB,the change trend of SSC in most places upstream and downstream is almost the same that SSC downstream of the bridge is higher than SSC upstream.The tidal currents interact with bridge piers,inducing vortexes downstream,leading the sediment to re-suspend downstream of the bridge piers.Other factors,including seafloor topography and wind,can also contribute to the distribution of SSC in the Zhujiang River Estuary.展开更多
To address the problems about the difficulty in accurate recognition of distribution features of gas flow center at blast furnace throat and determine the relationship between gas flow center distribution and gas util...To address the problems about the difficulty in accurate recognition of distribution features of gas flow center at blast furnace throat and determine the relationship between gas flow center distribution and gas utilization rate,a method for recognizing distribution features of blast furnace gas flow center was proposed based on infrared image processing,and distribution features of blast furnace gas flow center and corresponding gas utilization rates were categorized by using fuzzy C-means clustering and statistical methods.A concept of gas flow center offset was introduced.The results showed that,when the percentage of gas flow center without offset exceeded 85%,the average blast furnace gas utilization rate was as high as 41%;when the percentage of gas flow center without offset exceeded50%,the gas utilization rate was primarily the center gas utilization rate,and exhibited a positive correlation with no center offset degree;when the percentage of gas flow center without offset was below 50% but the sum of the percentage of gas flow center without offset and that of gas flow center with small offset exceeded 86%,the gas utilization rate depended on both the center and the edges,and was primarily the edge gas utilization rate.The method proposed was able to accurately and effectively recognize gas flow center distribution state and the relationship between it and gas utilization rate,providing evidence in favor of on-line blast furnace control.展开更多
This paper analyzes the potential color f ormats of ferrograph images, and presents the algorithms of converting the forma ts to RGB(Red, Green, Blue) color space. Through statistical analysis of wear pa rticles′ ge...This paper analyzes the potential color f ormats of ferrograph images, and presents the algorithms of converting the forma ts to RGB(Red, Green, Blue) color space. Through statistical analysis of wear pa rticles′ geometric features of color ferrograph images in the RGB color space, we give the differences of ferrograph wear particles′ geometric features among RGB color spaces and gray scale space, and calculate their respective distributi ons.展开更多
A number of clustering algorithms were used to analyze many databases in the field of image clustering. The main objective of this research work was to perform a comparative analysis of the two of the existing partiti...A number of clustering algorithms were used to analyze many databases in the field of image clustering. The main objective of this research work was to perform a comparative analysis of the two of the existing partitions based clustering algorithms and a hybrid clustering algorithm. The results verification done by using classification algorithms via its accuracy. The perfor-mance of clustering and classification algorithms were carried out in this work based on the tumor identification, cluster quality and other parameters like run time and volume complexity. Some of the well known classification algorithms were used to find the accuracy of produced results of the clustering algorithms. The performance of the clustering algorithms proved mean-ingful in many domains, particularly k-Means, FCM. In addition, the proposed multifarious clustering technique has revealed their efficiency in terms of performance in predicting tumor affected regions in mammogram images. The color images are converted in to gray scale images and then it is processed. Finally, it is identified the best method for the analysis of finding tumor in breast images. This research would be immensely useful to physicians and radiologist to identify cancer affected area in the breast.展开更多
A novel example-based process for Automated Colorization of grayscale images using Texture Descriptors (ACTD) without any human intervention is proposed. By analyzing a set of sample color images, coherent regions of ...A novel example-based process for Automated Colorization of grayscale images using Texture Descriptors (ACTD) without any human intervention is proposed. By analyzing a set of sample color images, coherent regions of homogeneous textures are extracted. A multi-channel filtering technique is used for texture-based image segmentation, combined with a modified Fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering algorithm. This modified FCM clustering algorithm includes both the local spatial information from neighboring pixels, and the spatial Euclidian distance to the cluster’s center of gravity. For each area of interest, state-of-the-art texture descriptors are then computed and stored, along with corresponding color information. These texture descriptors and the color information are used for colorization of a grayscale image with similar textures. Given a grayscale image to be colorized, the segmentation and feature extraction processes are repeated. The texture descriptors are used to perform Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR). The colorization process is performed by Chroma replacement. This research finds numerous applications, ranging from classic film restoration and enhancement, to adding valuable information into medical and satellite imaging. Also, this can be used to enhance the detection of objects from x-ray images at the airports.展开更多
The fracture behaviours and notch effects of single-edge-notched(SEN)and double-edge-notched(DEN)2D carbon fibre reinforced carbon matrix composites(C/Cs)were discussed and compared.The fracture behaviours of DEN and ...The fracture behaviours and notch effects of single-edge-notched(SEN)and double-edge-notched(DEN)2D carbon fibre reinforced carbon matrix composites(C/Cs)were discussed and compared.The fracture behaviours of DEN and SEN were performed by tensile and bending load-displacement relationships,and the effects of notch depth on notch sensitivity were determined by DEN specimens.The results from mechanical tests indicated that the SEN exhibited a brittle behaviour with linear elasticity,while the DEN exhibited a ductile behaviour with nonlinearity.It was also found that increasing notch depth and decreasing ligament width can lead to a higher ultimate tensile strength of DEN.On the other hand,the digital image correlation(DIC)method and acoustic emission(AE)system were also applied during the mechanical tests to study the local mechanical characteristics of shear damage,strain concentration and fracture behaviour of 2D C/Cs.The results revealed the mechanisms of notch insensitivity and explained the differences in fracture behaviours between SEN and DEN.展开更多
A massive amount of plastic waste has presented an immense management challenge.This escalating ecological damage,coupled with the detrimental effects of plastics infiltrating the marine food web,poses a significant t...A massive amount of plastic waste has presented an immense management challenge.This escalating ecological damage,coupled with the detrimental effects of plastics infiltrating the marine food web,poses a significant threat to human livelihoods.To combat this,there is a call for the development of plastic detection algorithms using remote sensing data.Here we tested a new index,referred to index_(MP),to detect clusters of floating macro plastics in the ocean using satellite imagery.The index_(MP)was applied to convolution high-pass filtered(3×3)Sentinel 2 Level 1 C images,showing the potential to reduce atmospheric interference and enhance the object edges,thereby improving the clarity of detection.In the analysis,we used three scatter plots to identify and assess plastic pixels.To differentiate the common features of plastic from non-plastic objects,the Sentinel 2 bands 5,8,and 9 were plotted against index_(MP)calculated and convolution high-pass filtered Level 1 C(CHPIC)images.The plastic pixels,clustering in the three scatter plots,showed positive‘X’,i.e.,CHPIC image value and‘Y’,i.e.,each band 5,8,and 9 reflectance values,along with a CHPIC image value exceeding 0.05.Using the index_(MP)and scatter plot analysis,we identified plastic pixels containing 14%or more plastic bottles.Detection of other types of plastics,such as fishing nets and plastic bags,required pixel proportions greater than 50%.Hence,plastic bottles were notably responsive even at a low pixel fraction.We further explored the classification of plastic and non-plastic objects by analyzing reed(plant)pixels;the differentiation between plastic and reed was conducted in the band 5 and 9 scatter plots.展开更多
Nitrogen(N)deficiency is a critical factor limiting natural regeneration in coastal shelterbelt forests,but the influence of different N forms on seedling establishment under varying light conditions remains poorly un...Nitrogen(N)deficiency is a critical factor limiting natural regeneration in coastal shelterbelt forests,but the influence of different N forms on seedling establishment under varying light conditions remains poorly understood.This study investigated the effects of N forms and N concentrations on Ligustrum compactum seedlings under simulated canopy gap conditions using a three-factor design:N form(NO_(3)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N,mixed N),N concentration(30 and 60 kg ha^(-1)a^(-1)),and light intensity(30%,60%,and 90%full sunlight).Results showed that N addition significantly promoted seedling growth,net photosynthesis rate,and water use efficiency;however,the effects varied among N forms and concentrations.Overall,NO_(3)^(-)-N or mixed N were more favored by L.compactum seedlings;however,the N preference was altered by light intensity and N concentration.For instance,L.compactum showed greater NO_(3)^(-)-N or mixed N preference under low and medium light intensities,while displaying more NH_(4)^(+)-N preference under high light intensity.N concentration also affected the growth and N preference of L.compactum seedlings,but the variance explained by N concentration was lower than that of light intensity.Leaf C,N,P stoichiometry exhibited stronger correlations with seedling's morphological trait plasticity than those of leaf gas exchange,and further analysis demonstrated that leaf C:P and N:P were the top two critical factors affecting seedling growth,indicating that the coordination and balance among C,N,P elements were more important in explaining the seedling growth under N addition.Therefore,our results clarified that the N preference of L.compactum seedlings could be altered by light intensity and revealed that leaf C,N,P ratios were stronger predictors than leaf gas exchange parameters for explaining the N effects on seedling performance.These findings demonstrated the mechanisms of light-N interactions affecting seedling performance,providing practical guidance for optimizing N fertilization and improving natural regeneration in canopy gaps of degraded coastal shelterbelt forests.展开更多
BACKGROUND Liver imaging and transient elastography(TE)are both tools used to assess liver fibrosis and steatosis among people with hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection.However,the diagnostic accuracy of conventional imagi...BACKGROUND Liver imaging and transient elastography(TE)are both tools used to assess liver fibrosis and steatosis among people with hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection.However,the diagnostic accuracy of conventional imaging in detecting fibrosis and steatosis in this patient population remains unclear.AIM To investigate the correlation between steatosis and fibrosis and abnormal findings on liver imaging in patients with HCV.METHODS We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of patients with HCV at Grady Liver Clinic who had TE exams between 2018-2019.We analyzed the correlation of controlled attenuation parameter and liver stiffness measurement on TE and abnormal findings on liver imaging.Liver imaging findings(hepatic steatosis,increased echogenicity,cirrhosis,and chronic liver disease)were further evaluated for their diagnostic performance in detecting fibrosis(≥F2,≥F3,≥F4)and steatosis(≥S1,≥S2,≥S3).RESULTS Of 959 HCV patients who underwent TE,651 had liver imaging.Higher controlled attenuation parameter scores were observed in patients with abnormal liver findings(P=0.0050),hepatic steatosis(P<0.0001),and increased echogenicity(P<0.0001).Higher liver stiffness measurement values were also noted in those with abnormal liver(P<0.0001)and increased echogenicity(P=0.0026).Steatosis severity correlated with hepatic steatosis(r=0.195,P<0.001)and increased echogenicity(r=0.209,P<0.001).For fibrosis detection,abnormal liver imaging had moderate sensitivity(81.7%)and specificity(70.4%)for cirrhosis(≥F4),while cirrhosis on imaging had high specificity(99.2%)but low sensitivity(18.3%).Increased echogenicity showed high specificity(92.8%)but low sensitivity(20.9%)for steatosis detection.CONCLUSION Liver imaging detects advanced fibrosis and steatosis but lacks early-stage sensitivity.Integrating TE with imaging may improve evaluation in patients with HCV.展开更多
The discovery of pressure-induced superconducting electrides has sparked a intense wave of interest in novel superconductors.However,opinions vary regarding the relationship between non-nuclear attractors(NNAs)and sup...The discovery of pressure-induced superconducting electrides has sparked a intense wave of interest in novel superconductors.However,opinions vary regarding the relationship between non-nuclear attractors(NNAs)and superconductivity,with two opposing views currently represented by the materials Li_(6)P and Li_(6)C.Here,we choose the ternary Li–C–P as a model system and reveal the underlying mechanism by which NNAs contribute to superconductivity.The loosely bound NNAs in the superlithide Li_(14)CP covalently bond with Li and form unique satellite interstitial electrons(SIEs)around Li near the Fermi level,dominating the superconductivity.First-principles calculations show that the SIEs progressively increase in number and couple strongly with phonons at high pressure.Moreover,the Fermi surface nesting associated with SIEs induces phonon softening,further enhancing the electron–phonon coupling and giving the superlithide Li_(14)CP a T_(c)of 10.6 K at 300 GPa.The leading role of SIEs in superconductivity is a general one and is also relevant to the recently predicted Li_(6)P and Li_(6)C.Our work presented here reshapes the understanding of NNA-dominated superconductivity and holds promise for guiding future discoveries and designs of novel high-temperature superconductors.展开更多
This article comments on the study by Zhang et al,which proposed that exosomes derived from hypoxia-injured endometrial epithelial cells promote human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell migration and differentiation...This article comments on the study by Zhang et al,which proposed that exosomes derived from hypoxia-injured endometrial epithelial cells promote human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell migration and differentiation into endo-metrial epithelial cells via exosomal miR-137-3p.The authors demonstrated that miR-137-3p targets ubiquitin protein ligase E3C and activates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling,thereby driving epithelial lineage transition.While this study expands our understanding of exosome-mediated intercellular communication in endometrial repair,several key gaps remain.Notably,microRNA(miRNA)profiling was performed in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells post-exosome treatment,not in the exosomes derived from hypoxia-injured endometrial epithelial cell themselves,leaving open whether miR-137-3p is directly transferred or indirectly induced.In addition,data on exosome characterization were unavailable,and the rationale for selecting miR-137-3p over other differentially expressed miRNAs was not well justified.Future studies should include direct exosomal miRNA content analysis,in vivo validation,and deeper mechanistic exploration of the ubiquitin protein ligase E3C-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 ubiquitination axis to establish the clinical and biological relevance of this pathway.展开更多
BACKGROUND Thin endometrium,leading cause of recurrent implantation failure and infertility,has been found to respond to exosomes.AIM To investigate the efficacy of exosomes in addressing the issue of thin endometrium...BACKGROUND Thin endometrium,leading cause of recurrent implantation failure and infertility,has been found to respond to exosomes.AIM To investigate the efficacy of exosomes in addressing the issue of thin endometrium.METHODS RNA sequencing and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were employed to identify differentially expressed microRNAs(miRNAs)in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell(hucMSC)treated with exosomes enriched with endometrial cell-derived components.Additionally,Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were conducted to highlight significant enrichment in specific biological pathways,molecular functions,and cellular components.Transwell and wound healing assays were performed to assess migratory potential,and western blotting was detected protein level.RESULTS A total of 53 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in hucMSC treated with exosomes enriched with endometrial cell-derived components,comprising 27 upregulated and 26 downregulated miRNAs,which includes miR-137-3p.Enhanced migratory potential was observed in the Transwell and wound healing assays,and western blotting confirmed the epithelial differentiation of hucMSC and the increased p-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.These effects were attributed to the upregulation of miR-137-3p.CONCLUSION miR-137-3p in exosomes from hypoxia-affected endometrial epithelial cell stimulates the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway,enhancing the migration and differentiation of hucMSC into endometrial epithelial cell.展开更多
This study by Zhang et al elucidates the role of exosome miR-137-3p targeting ubiquitin protein ligase E3C to activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 under hypoxia conditions,thereby promoting the ...This study by Zhang et al elucidates the role of exosome miR-137-3p targeting ubiquitin protein ligase E3C to activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 under hypoxia conditions,thereby promoting the migration and differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to endometrial epithelial cells.It emphasizes that exosomal miR-137-3p/ubiquitin protein ligase E3C/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 axis is a promising pathway for endometrial regeneration.This article introduced the therapeutic potential of exosomal microRNAs in regenerative medicine while underscoring the need for standardized protocols in optimizing exosome delivery and validating molecular pathways for clinical translation.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of total nutrients in soil and provide a theoretical basis for farmland management and improvement of crop yield. [Method]GIS technique was use...[Objective]The aim was to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of total nutrients in soil and provide a theoretical basis for farmland management and improvement of crop yield. [Method]GIS technique was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of total C,total N,total P and total K for different soil layers in Liaoning Province. [Result]The results showed that the content of total C,total N,total P decrease from east to west,but the content of total K was high in north district of Liaoning Province. The content of total C,total N,total P and total K was higher in soil surface （0-20 cm） than the lower （20-40 cm）. Total K varied less with soil depth,and its mean content was respectively 17.64 g/kg and 17.08 g/kg for soil surface and soil lower layer. [Conclusion]The results of the distribution of soil total nutrients in different soil layers supplied a theory basis for farmland management.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to study the effects of regulation of C/N ratio wheat straw application on tobacco nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium uptake. [Method]Effects of regulation C/N ratio wheat straw application on th...[Objective]The aim was to study the effects of regulation of C/N ratio wheat straw application on tobacco nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium uptake. [Method]Effects of regulation C/N ratio wheat straw application on the flue-cured tobacco yield,output value,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content and cumulative uptake of the upper,middle and bottom leaf were studied by using the field plot experiments at Banqiao town,Qujing city,Yunnan Province during the 2008-2009 summer growing seasons. [Result]The results showed that the application of wheat straw alone or after C/N regulation,could significantly increase tobacco production,potassium content,the potassium and nitrogen accumulation amount of leaf,and was more conducive to the potassium uptake of tobacco leaf with wheat straw application after C/N regulation. Compared with non-straw application,the yield of tobacco increased by 6.59%,3.58%,5.98%,8.80% with application of wheat straw alone,wheat straw and vetch,wheat straw and oilseed cake,wheat straw and urea nitrogen,the potassium content in tobacco leaf increased by 3.85%,7.76%,8.82%,11.21%,respectively,the total potassium cumulative amount of leaf increased by 10.71%,11.62%,15.32% ,21.01% and the total nitrogen cumulative amount increased by 9.76%,1.22%,8.14%,14.00%. However,the differences of tobacco leaf nitrogen content among the different treatments were not significant,the phosphorus uptake of tobacco leaf decreased. [Conclusion]application of high C/N ratio wheat straw in flue-cured tobacco production,which should be concerned not only to adjust C/N ratio by adding nitrogen,but also considering additional phosphorus application.展开更多
Bulk metallic glass（BMG） rods Fe71Mo5-xNbxP12C10B2（x=1,2,3,4 and 5） with diameter of 1 or 2 mm were synthesized by copper mold casting.The effects of Nb substitution for Mo on the structure,thermal and mechanical ...Bulk metallic glass（BMG） rods Fe71Mo5-xNbxP12C10B2（x=1,2,3,4 and 5） with diameter of 1 or 2 mm were synthesized by copper mold casting.The effects of Nb substitution for Mo on the structure,thermal and mechanical properties of Fe71Mo5-xNbxP12C10B2 alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimetry and compressive testing.The results show that the substitution of Nb for Mo leads to a decreased glass forming ability,but with plasticity of 1.0%,the fracture strength of Fe71Mo2Nb3P12C10B2 alloy increases up to 4.0 GPa.The improvement of the fracture strength is discussed in terms of the enhancement of atomic bonding nature and the favorite formation of a network-like structure due to the substitution of Nb for Mo.展开更多
文摘To study the application of TMS320C80 in image processing, an image processing system was designed based on this device, and the task of real time image processing was well accomplished on the hardware platform. TMS320C80 architecture's high degree of on chip integration and software flexibility will make it widely used in image processing that requires high processing speeds.
基金The Zhejiang Key Science and Technology Project under contract No.2020C02004the National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract Nos 2017YFA0604901 and 2017YFA0604902+3 种基金the Basic Public Welfare Research Program of Zhejiang Province under contract No.LGF21D010004the National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2016YFC1401605the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41776183the Curriculum Ideological and Political Teaching Research Project in the Universities of Zhejiang Province(Grouped Ideological and Political Teaching Model Research in the Subject of Marine Remote Sensing)。
文摘The impacts of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HKZMB)on suspended sediment content(SSC)were analysed in the Zhujiang River Estuary based on data from HY-1C,which was launched in September 2018 in China,carrying Coastal Zone Imager(CZI)and Chinese Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner on it.A new SSC inversion model was established based on the relationship between in-situ SSC and the remote sensing reflectance in red and near-infrared bands of CZI image.HY-1C satellite data obtained from October to December 2019 were applied to retrieve SSC in the Zhujiang River Estuary.The results show that SSC around the HKZMB is ranging from 20 mg/L to 95 mg/L.SSC change obviously on two sides of the bridge.During flooding and ebbing period,SSC increases obviously downstream of the bridge.SSC difference between upstream and downstream is ranging from 5 mg/L to 20 mg/L.Currents flowing across the HKZMB,the change trend of SSC in most places upstream and downstream is almost the same that SSC downstream of the bridge is higher than SSC upstream.The tidal currents interact with bridge piers,inducing vortexes downstream,leading the sediment to re-suspend downstream of the bridge piers.Other factors,including seafloor topography and wind,can also contribute to the distribution of SSC in the Zhujiang River Estuary.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61263015)
文摘To address the problems about the difficulty in accurate recognition of distribution features of gas flow center at blast furnace throat and determine the relationship between gas flow center distribution and gas utilization rate,a method for recognizing distribution features of blast furnace gas flow center was proposed based on infrared image processing,and distribution features of blast furnace gas flow center and corresponding gas utilization rates were categorized by using fuzzy C-means clustering and statistical methods.A concept of gas flow center offset was introduced.The results showed that,when the percentage of gas flow center without offset exceeded 85%,the average blast furnace gas utilization rate was as high as 41%;when the percentage of gas flow center without offset exceeded50%,the gas utilization rate was primarily the center gas utilization rate,and exhibited a positive correlation with no center offset degree;when the percentage of gas flow center without offset was below 50% but the sum of the percentage of gas flow center without offset and that of gas flow center with small offset exceeded 86%,the gas utilization rate depended on both the center and the edges,and was primarily the edge gas utilization rate.The method proposed was able to accurately and effectively recognize gas flow center distribution state and the relationship between it and gas utilization rate,providing evidence in favor of on-line blast furnace control.
文摘This paper analyzes the potential color f ormats of ferrograph images, and presents the algorithms of converting the forma ts to RGB(Red, Green, Blue) color space. Through statistical analysis of wear pa rticles′ geometric features of color ferrograph images in the RGB color space, we give the differences of ferrograph wear particles′ geometric features among RGB color spaces and gray scale space, and calculate their respective distributi ons.
文摘A number of clustering algorithms were used to analyze many databases in the field of image clustering. The main objective of this research work was to perform a comparative analysis of the two of the existing partitions based clustering algorithms and a hybrid clustering algorithm. The results verification done by using classification algorithms via its accuracy. The perfor-mance of clustering and classification algorithms were carried out in this work based on the tumor identification, cluster quality and other parameters like run time and volume complexity. Some of the well known classification algorithms were used to find the accuracy of produced results of the clustering algorithms. The performance of the clustering algorithms proved mean-ingful in many domains, particularly k-Means, FCM. In addition, the proposed multifarious clustering technique has revealed their efficiency in terms of performance in predicting tumor affected regions in mammogram images. The color images are converted in to gray scale images and then it is processed. Finally, it is identified the best method for the analysis of finding tumor in breast images. This research would be immensely useful to physicians and radiologist to identify cancer affected area in the breast.
文摘A novel example-based process for Automated Colorization of grayscale images using Texture Descriptors (ACTD) without any human intervention is proposed. By analyzing a set of sample color images, coherent regions of homogeneous textures are extracted. A multi-channel filtering technique is used for texture-based image segmentation, combined with a modified Fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering algorithm. This modified FCM clustering algorithm includes both the local spatial information from neighboring pixels, and the spatial Euclidian distance to the cluster’s center of gravity. For each area of interest, state-of-the-art texture descriptors are then computed and stored, along with corresponding color information. These texture descriptors and the color information are used for colorization of a grayscale image with similar textures. Given a grayscale image to be colorized, the segmentation and feature extraction processes are repeated. The texture descriptors are used to perform Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR). The colorization process is performed by Chroma replacement. This research finds numerous applications, ranging from classic film restoration and enhancement, to adding valuable information into medical and satellite imaging. Also, this can be used to enhance the detection of objects from x-ray images at the airports.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52072356 and 52032011)。
文摘The fracture behaviours and notch effects of single-edge-notched(SEN)and double-edge-notched(DEN)2D carbon fibre reinforced carbon matrix composites(C/Cs)were discussed and compared.The fracture behaviours of DEN and SEN were performed by tensile and bending load-displacement relationships,and the effects of notch depth on notch sensitivity were determined by DEN specimens.The results from mechanical tests indicated that the SEN exhibited a brittle behaviour with linear elasticity,while the DEN exhibited a ductile behaviour with nonlinearity.It was also found that increasing notch depth and decreasing ligament width can lead to a higher ultimate tensile strength of DEN.On the other hand,the digital image correlation(DIC)method and acoustic emission(AE)system were also applied during the mechanical tests to study the local mechanical characteristics of shear damage,strain concentration and fracture behaviour of 2D C/Cs.The results revealed the mechanisms of notch insensitivity and explained the differences in fracture behaviours between SEN and DEN.
基金Supported by the Guangdong Special Support Program for Key Talents Team Program(No.2019BT02H594)the PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)(No.GML2021GD0810)the Major Project of National Social Science Foundation of China(No.21ZDA097)。
文摘A massive amount of plastic waste has presented an immense management challenge.This escalating ecological damage,coupled with the detrimental effects of plastics infiltrating the marine food web,poses a significant threat to human livelihoods.To combat this,there is a call for the development of plastic detection algorithms using remote sensing data.Here we tested a new index,referred to index_(MP),to detect clusters of floating macro plastics in the ocean using satellite imagery.The index_(MP)was applied to convolution high-pass filtered(3×3)Sentinel 2 Level 1 C images,showing the potential to reduce atmospheric interference and enhance the object edges,thereby improving the clarity of detection.In the analysis,we used three scatter plots to identify and assess plastic pixels.To differentiate the common features of plastic from non-plastic objects,the Sentinel 2 bands 5,8,and 9 were plotted against index_(MP)calculated and convolution high-pass filtered Level 1 C(CHPIC)images.The plastic pixels,clustering in the three scatter plots,showed positive‘X’,i.e.,CHPIC image value and‘Y’,i.e.,each band 5,8,and 9 reflectance values,along with a CHPIC image value exceeding 0.05.Using the index_(MP)and scatter plot analysis,we identified plastic pixels containing 14%or more plastic bottles.Detection of other types of plastics,such as fishing nets and plastic bags,required pixel proportions greater than 50%.Hence,plastic bottles were notably responsive even at a low pixel fraction.We further explored the classification of plastic and non-plastic objects by analyzing reed(plant)pixels;the differentiation between plastic and reed was conducted in the band 5 and 9 scatter plots.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101506)the Shenyang Top Youth Program(U35)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(2023205)。
文摘Nitrogen(N)deficiency is a critical factor limiting natural regeneration in coastal shelterbelt forests,but the influence of different N forms on seedling establishment under varying light conditions remains poorly understood.This study investigated the effects of N forms and N concentrations on Ligustrum compactum seedlings under simulated canopy gap conditions using a three-factor design:N form(NO_(3)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N,mixed N),N concentration(30 and 60 kg ha^(-1)a^(-1)),and light intensity(30%,60%,and 90%full sunlight).Results showed that N addition significantly promoted seedling growth,net photosynthesis rate,and water use efficiency;however,the effects varied among N forms and concentrations.Overall,NO_(3)^(-)-N or mixed N were more favored by L.compactum seedlings;however,the N preference was altered by light intensity and N concentration.For instance,L.compactum showed greater NO_(3)^(-)-N or mixed N preference under low and medium light intensities,while displaying more NH_(4)^(+)-N preference under high light intensity.N concentration also affected the growth and N preference of L.compactum seedlings,but the variance explained by N concentration was lower than that of light intensity.Leaf C,N,P stoichiometry exhibited stronger correlations with seedling's morphological trait plasticity than those of leaf gas exchange,and further analysis demonstrated that leaf C:P and N:P were the top two critical factors affecting seedling growth,indicating that the coordination and balance among C,N,P elements were more important in explaining the seedling growth under N addition.Therefore,our results clarified that the N preference of L.compactum seedlings could be altered by light intensity and revealed that leaf C,N,P ratios were stronger predictors than leaf gas exchange parameters for explaining the N effects on seedling performance.These findings demonstrated the mechanisms of light-N interactions affecting seedling performance,providing practical guidance for optimizing N fertilization and improving natural regeneration in canopy gaps of degraded coastal shelterbelt forests.
文摘BACKGROUND Liver imaging and transient elastography(TE)are both tools used to assess liver fibrosis and steatosis among people with hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection.However,the diagnostic accuracy of conventional imaging in detecting fibrosis and steatosis in this patient population remains unclear.AIM To investigate the correlation between steatosis and fibrosis and abnormal findings on liver imaging in patients with HCV.METHODS We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of patients with HCV at Grady Liver Clinic who had TE exams between 2018-2019.We analyzed the correlation of controlled attenuation parameter and liver stiffness measurement on TE and abnormal findings on liver imaging.Liver imaging findings(hepatic steatosis,increased echogenicity,cirrhosis,and chronic liver disease)were further evaluated for their diagnostic performance in detecting fibrosis(≥F2,≥F3,≥F4)and steatosis(≥S1,≥S2,≥S3).RESULTS Of 959 HCV patients who underwent TE,651 had liver imaging.Higher controlled attenuation parameter scores were observed in patients with abnormal liver findings(P=0.0050),hepatic steatosis(P<0.0001),and increased echogenicity(P<0.0001).Higher liver stiffness measurement values were also noted in those with abnormal liver(P<0.0001)and increased echogenicity(P=0.0026).Steatosis severity correlated with hepatic steatosis(r=0.195,P<0.001)and increased echogenicity(r=0.209,P<0.001).For fibrosis detection,abnormal liver imaging had moderate sensitivity(81.7%)and specificity(70.4%)for cirrhosis(≥F4),while cirrhosis on imaging had high specificity(99.2%)but low sensitivity(18.3%).Increased echogenicity showed high specificity(92.8%)but low sensitivity(20.9%)for steatosis detection.CONCLUSION Liver imaging detects advanced fibrosis and steatosis but lacks early-stage sensitivity.Integrating TE with imaging may improve evaluation in patients with HCV.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFA1406200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12374004 and 12174141)the High Performance Computing Center of Jilin University,China。
文摘The discovery of pressure-induced superconducting electrides has sparked a intense wave of interest in novel superconductors.However,opinions vary regarding the relationship between non-nuclear attractors(NNAs)and superconductivity,with two opposing views currently represented by the materials Li_(6)P and Li_(6)C.Here,we choose the ternary Li–C–P as a model system and reveal the underlying mechanism by which NNAs contribute to superconductivity.The loosely bound NNAs in the superlithide Li_(14)CP covalently bond with Li and form unique satellite interstitial electrons(SIEs)around Li near the Fermi level,dominating the superconductivity.First-principles calculations show that the SIEs progressively increase in number and couple strongly with phonons at high pressure.Moreover,the Fermi surface nesting associated with SIEs induces phonon softening,further enhancing the electron–phonon coupling and giving the superlithide Li_(14)CP a T_(c)of 10.6 K at 300 GPa.The leading role of SIEs in superconductivity is a general one and is also relevant to the recently predicted Li_(6)P and Li_(6)C.Our work presented here reshapes the understanding of NNA-dominated superconductivity and holds promise for guiding future discoveries and designs of novel high-temperature superconductors.
基金Supported by the General Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.2025A1515011163.
文摘This article comments on the study by Zhang et al,which proposed that exosomes derived from hypoxia-injured endometrial epithelial cells promote human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell migration and differentiation into endo-metrial epithelial cells via exosomal miR-137-3p.The authors demonstrated that miR-137-3p targets ubiquitin protein ligase E3C and activates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling,thereby driving epithelial lineage transition.While this study expands our understanding of exosome-mediated intercellular communication in endometrial repair,several key gaps remain.Notably,microRNA(miRNA)profiling was performed in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells post-exosome treatment,not in the exosomes derived from hypoxia-injured endometrial epithelial cell themselves,leaving open whether miR-137-3p is directly transferred or indirectly induced.In addition,data on exosome characterization were unavailable,and the rationale for selecting miR-137-3p over other differentially expressed miRNAs was not well justified.Future studies should include direct exosomal miRNA content analysis,in vivo validation,and deeper mechanistic exploration of the ubiquitin protein ligase E3C-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 ubiquitination axis to establish the clinical and biological relevance of this pathway.
基金Supported by the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding,No.2022-PUMCH-B-080 and No.2022-PUMCH-C-064.
文摘BACKGROUND Thin endometrium,leading cause of recurrent implantation failure and infertility,has been found to respond to exosomes.AIM To investigate the efficacy of exosomes in addressing the issue of thin endometrium.METHODS RNA sequencing and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were employed to identify differentially expressed microRNAs(miRNAs)in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell(hucMSC)treated with exosomes enriched with endometrial cell-derived components.Additionally,Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were conducted to highlight significant enrichment in specific biological pathways,molecular functions,and cellular components.Transwell and wound healing assays were performed to assess migratory potential,and western blotting was detected protein level.RESULTS A total of 53 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in hucMSC treated with exosomes enriched with endometrial cell-derived components,comprising 27 upregulated and 26 downregulated miRNAs,which includes miR-137-3p.Enhanced migratory potential was observed in the Transwell and wound healing assays,and western blotting confirmed the epithelial differentiation of hucMSC and the increased p-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.These effects were attributed to the upregulation of miR-137-3p.CONCLUSION miR-137-3p in exosomes from hypoxia-affected endometrial epithelial cell stimulates the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway,enhancing the migration and differentiation of hucMSC into endometrial epithelial cell.
文摘This study by Zhang et al elucidates the role of exosome miR-137-3p targeting ubiquitin protein ligase E3C to activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 under hypoxia conditions,thereby promoting the migration and differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to endometrial epithelial cells.It emphasizes that exosomal miR-137-3p/ubiquitin protein ligase E3C/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 axis is a promising pathway for endometrial regeneration.This article introduced the therapeutic potential of exosomal microRNAs in regenerative medicine while underscoring the need for standardized protocols in optimizing exosome delivery and validating molecular pathways for clinical translation.
基金Supported by Public Project of Science and Technology Ministry(SYKYYW200903)The Ecological Carrying Capacity and Region Ecological Security Regulation of Northeast Industrial Base(2004CB418507)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of total nutrients in soil and provide a theoretical basis for farmland management and improvement of crop yield. [Method]GIS technique was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of total C,total N,total P and total K for different soil layers in Liaoning Province. [Result]The results showed that the content of total C,total N,total P decrease from east to west,but the content of total K was high in north district of Liaoning Province. The content of total C,total N,total P and total K was higher in soil surface （0-20 cm） than the lower （20-40 cm）. Total K varied less with soil depth,and its mean content was respectively 17.64 g/kg and 17.08 g/kg for soil surface and soil lower layer. [Conclusion]The results of the distribution of soil total nutrients in different soil layers supplied a theory basis for farmland management.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Support Program(2006BAD05B06-04)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to study the effects of regulation of C/N ratio wheat straw application on tobacco nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium uptake. [Method]Effects of regulation C/N ratio wheat straw application on the flue-cured tobacco yield,output value,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content and cumulative uptake of the upper,middle and bottom leaf were studied by using the field plot experiments at Banqiao town,Qujing city,Yunnan Province during the 2008-2009 summer growing seasons. [Result]The results showed that the application of wheat straw alone or after C/N regulation,could significantly increase tobacco production,potassium content,the potassium and nitrogen accumulation amount of leaf,and was more conducive to the potassium uptake of tobacco leaf with wheat straw application after C/N regulation. Compared with non-straw application,the yield of tobacco increased by 6.59%,3.58%,5.98%,8.80% with application of wheat straw alone,wheat straw and vetch,wheat straw and oilseed cake,wheat straw and urea nitrogen,the potassium content in tobacco leaf increased by 3.85%,7.76%,8.82%,11.21%,respectively,the total potassium cumulative amount of leaf increased by 10.71%,11.62%,15.32% ,21.01% and the total nitrogen cumulative amount increased by 9.76%,1.22%,8.14%,14.00%. However,the differences of tobacco leaf nitrogen content among the different treatments were not significant,the phosphorus uptake of tobacco leaf decreased. [Conclusion]application of high C/N ratio wheat straw in flue-cured tobacco production,which should be concerned not only to adjust C/N ratio by adding nitrogen,but also considering additional phosphorus application.
文摘以镍为金属中心、对二甲苯二磷酸为有机配体,构筑了一种有机磷酸类Ni-MOF前驱体,再经过一步碳化,原位制备出多孔碳包覆Ni_2P纳米颗粒的复合材料.该复合材料保留了前驱体的片状形貌,比表面积可达202 m2/g,复合材料中的Ni_2P纳米颗粒具有良好的结晶度,颗粒均匀且无团聚现象.在锂离子电池性能测试中,该Ni_2P/C复合结构在缓解材料体积膨胀的同时提高了材料的电子和离子电导率,进而提高了材料的电化学性能.在0.2 C的电流密度下,材料首次充、放电比容量分别为247和226 m A·h·g-1,库仑效率可达91.7%,循环200圈后,库仑效率接近100%.
基金Project (SWU110046) supported by the Doctorate Foundation of Southwest University,China
文摘Bulk metallic glass（BMG） rods Fe71Mo5-xNbxP12C10B2（x=1,2,3,4 and 5） with diameter of 1 or 2 mm were synthesized by copper mold casting.The effects of Nb substitution for Mo on the structure,thermal and mechanical properties of Fe71Mo5-xNbxP12C10B2 alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimetry and compressive testing.The results show that the substitution of Nb for Mo leads to a decreased glass forming ability,but with plasticity of 1.0%,the fracture strength of Fe71Mo2Nb3P12C10B2 alloy increases up to 4.0 GPa.The improvement of the fracture strength is discussed in terms of the enhancement of atomic bonding nature and the favorite formation of a network-like structure due to the substitution of Nb for Mo.
