In this paper,the flocking flight of Northern Bald Ibises(Geronticus eremita)and their induced drag during the flock are investigated.Northern Bald Ibises are long-range migratory birds.These birds fly in an echelon a...In this paper,the flocking flight of Northern Bald Ibises(Geronticus eremita)and their induced drag during the flock are investigated.Northern Bald Ibises are long-range migratory birds.These birds fly in an echelon and V-shaped formation,possibly to reduce their drag;therefore,as a result,they may save energy to fly farther.The aerodynamic drag forces of each individual bird and the flock are modeled theoretically.Extensive analysis shows how,during flocking flight,the drag force reduces as the size of the flock increases.Additionally,wingtip spacing effects on the total drag of the flock are investigated.The fraction of drag reduction of individual ibises is also analyzed.Four initial arrangement scenarios are considered for flocks of ibises of different sizes in this study.Two shuffling algorithms are applied for position switching and energy balancing of the ibises during their flight.It is suggested that ibises can save energy by means of different arrangements of flock members during long flights.The results indicate that how different sizes of the birds can manipulate their positions to fly further and save energy during migration.展开更多
2025年4月29日,IBIS Worldwide在英国伦敦宣布,2025年IBIS全球峰会(IBIS Global Summit 2025)的日程已正式发布,这标志着这场事故车维修行业最具影响力的全球会议进入筹备新阶段。2025年6月24日-26日,来自全球事故车维修领域的高层领导...2025年4月29日,IBIS Worldwide在英国伦敦宣布,2025年IBIS全球峰会(IBIS Global Summit 2025)的日程已正式发布,这标志着这场事故车维修行业最具影响力的全球会议进入筹备新阶段。2025年6月24日-26日,来自全球事故车维修领域的高层领导与决策者将齐聚伊斯坦布尔的博斯普鲁斯瑞士酒店,展开为期2天的高端洞察分享、结构化讨论与战略性人脉拓展。展开更多
文摘In this paper,the flocking flight of Northern Bald Ibises(Geronticus eremita)and their induced drag during the flock are investigated.Northern Bald Ibises are long-range migratory birds.These birds fly in an echelon and V-shaped formation,possibly to reduce their drag;therefore,as a result,they may save energy to fly farther.The aerodynamic drag forces of each individual bird and the flock are modeled theoretically.Extensive analysis shows how,during flocking flight,the drag force reduces as the size of the flock increases.Additionally,wingtip spacing effects on the total drag of the flock are investigated.The fraction of drag reduction of individual ibises is also analyzed.Four initial arrangement scenarios are considered for flocks of ibises of different sizes in this study.Two shuffling algorithms are applied for position switching and energy balancing of the ibises during their flight.It is suggested that ibises can save energy by means of different arrangements of flock members during long flights.The results indicate that how different sizes of the birds can manipulate their positions to fly further and save energy during migration.
文摘2025年4月29日,IBIS Worldwide在英国伦敦宣布,2025年IBIS全球峰会(IBIS Global Summit 2025)的日程已正式发布,这标志着这场事故车维修行业最具影响力的全球会议进入筹备新阶段。2025年6月24日-26日,来自全球事故车维修领域的高层领导与决策者将齐聚伊斯坦布尔的博斯普鲁斯瑞士酒店,展开为期2天的高端洞察分享、结构化讨论与战略性人脉拓展。
