By the end of the 19th century,the missionaries had successfully planted Christianity in Ibadan,Nigeria with its distinguishable architecture.The history of church architecture in Ibadan is synonymous with the beginni...By the end of the 19th century,the missionaries had successfully planted Christianity in Ibadan,Nigeria with its distinguishable architecture.The history of church architecture in Ibadan is synonymous with the beginning of Christianity in Yoruba Country.Based on historical data obtained from the archives and field investigations,the paper traces the development of the church buildings of the missionary churches in Ibadan from the late 19th century to early 21st century.With shifts in the thinking about ideological and liturgical issues in church architecture globally,three distinct phases of development of church buildings in Ibadan are suggested beginning with the mission stations and ending with the modernist church buildings.The paper concludes that attempts to introduce modern architectural expressions in church buildings in Ibadan were increasingly common and strong but traditionalist and historicist approaches to architectural planning of church buildings remained predominant into the 21st century.展开更多
Objective To investigate IUD-related vaginitis in IUD users at the University College Hospital Ibadan, South-western Nigeria.Methods A prospective cohort study in IUD users present with abnormal vaginal discharge at t...Objective To investigate IUD-related vaginitis in IUD users at the University College Hospital Ibadan, South-western Nigeria.Methods A prospective cohort study in IUD users present with abnormal vaginal discharge at the family planning clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan was conducted between lOth of October, 2008 and 31st of May 2009. High Vaginal Swabs were taken from the clients for microbiology, culture and drug sensitivity test. Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was made based on gram stained vaginal smear using the standard Nugents criteria. Other aetiological agents were identified either on wet preparation or culture using standard techniques. Treatment given was by the family planning nurse, as was the protocol at the family planning clinic.Results Twenty-four IUD users present at the Jamtty ptannmg ctmtc with vaginal discharge were studied. Their ages ranged 28-51 years（38.14 ± 5.9 years）, Mean parity was 4.4 ± 1.4, All the women were married and all used CuT 380A. The mean duration of lUCD use was 2.5 years only. Majority （46%） had used it for more than 3 years and most （75%） of the visits were unscheduled. All the clients complained of abnormal vaginal discharge which was copious, watery and foul smelling, or clumpy. Nine users （37.5%） complained of pruritus vulvae, 3 users （12.5%） lower abdominal pain, 1 user （4,2%） dyspareunia and vaginosis was made in 16 （66. 7%） and 1 （4.2%） dysuria. The diagnosis of bacterial vaginal candidiasis in 8 （33.3%）. Age less than 40 years, Christianity and IUD use more than 3 years were associated with a higher risk of bacterial vaginosis （OR=1.29, 1.67 and 6.6, respectively）, while women above 40 years, Muslims and women with lower educational status had a higher risk of candida-related vaginitis （OR=1.67 and 4.2, respectively）. Eight clients （33.3%） were treated for candidiasis with antifungals （3 empirically, and 5 after obtaining results of vaginal swab）, 9 （37.5%） were given oral metronidazole, 3 patients were referred to the gynaecological emergency unit on account of abdominal pain and 4 did not return for follow up.Conclusion IUD associated vaginitis is a disturbing condition causing unscheduled visits among IUD users. Bacterial vaginosis and Candidia albicans are major aetiologies in south western Nigeria Ibadan. Persistent discharge is a documented reason for discontinuation of lUD use. Periodic empirical treatment for candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis with antifungals and oral metronidazole is advocated. This may reduce the discomfort caused by IUD-related vaginitis, the risk of PID and other risks exposed to the IUD users and ensure continued use of the IUD.展开更多
Background: Recent studies show increasing prostate cancer incidence in Nigeria. Significant correlations identified between diet and prostate cancer occurrence, indicate that low antioxidant status could contribute t...Background: Recent studies show increasing prostate cancer incidence in Nigeria. Significant correlations identified between diet and prostate cancer occurrence, indicate that low antioxidant status could contribute to the aetiology of prostate cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional study determined selected antioxidants (lycopene, beta-carotene and retinol) status of 10 (Experimental group) and 17 (Control) male adults with and without PC, recruited from the Urological Section of the Surgical Out-patients’ Department, University College Hospital and the General Out-patient Clinic of the Ring Road State Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Demographic characteristics were assessed using a semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Daily antioxidant intakes were assessed and analyzed using 24-hour dietary recall, and an adapted version of the food database “Total Diet Assessment”. Serum lycopene, beta-carotene and retinol were determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Results: The mean age of the PC and the control (72.8 ± 6.2 years and 59.8 ± 4.8 years) was significantly different (p = 0.001). Mean daily lycopene intake (1408.4 ± 233.2 μg) of the PC was significantly lower (P = 0.030) than the controls (3862.3±316.2μg). The mean serum lycopene (19.8 ± 13.2 ng/ml), beta-carotene (43.6 ± 26.0 ng/ml) and retinol (362.2 ± 304.3ng/ml) of the PC were significantly lower (p = 0.008, 0.040 and 0.033 respectively) than the values (70.8 ± 49.8 ng/ml, 57.6 ± 47.7 ng/ml and 395.4 ± 275.6 ng/ml respectively) of the controls. Significant inverse correlations were observed between the dietary lycopene intake (r = -0.396, p = 0.041) and serum lycopene (r =-0.502, p = 0.008) with PC;while a significant positive association was observed between dietary intake of retinol with PC (r = 0.394, p = 0.042). Conclusion: The study has revealed low anti-oxidant status, and an inverse association between lycopene status and prostate cancer in the elderly men.展开更多
Exposure to high PM10 by women and children for hours on a daily basis in poor ventilated kitchen may lead to respiratory morbidity among this vulnerable group. In Nigeria, data on the levels of air pollutants associa...Exposure to high PM10 by women and children for hours on a daily basis in poor ventilated kitchen may lead to respiratory morbidity among this vulnerable group. In Nigeria, data on the levels of air pollutants associated with kerosene stove combustion are very scarce. Like-wise little had been documented on the pulmonary health of women exposed to kerosene stove emission. This study was carried out to measure the levels of kerosene combustion emissions within kitchen environments and also assess the pulmonary function status of the exposed women at baseline. Particulate matter (PM10) and gaseous emissions (GE) were measured in six purposively selected clusters of regular kerosene stove users (KSU) using gravimetric sampler and gas monitors, respectively and their values compared with WHO guideline limits. 167 randomly selected KSU were surveyed to elicit their socio demographic features. A spirometer was used to assess the lung function status (FEV1) of 72 KSU in six neighbourhood kitchen clusters. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and Pearson’s correlation tests. Respondents’ mean age was 38 + 12.9 years. Mean duration of exposure to GE was 18.9 + 9.8 years. Mean PM10 was 248.1 + 14.1 μg/m3 and ten folds higher than WHO guideline limit of 25 μg/m3. Mean GE in ppm were: CO (0.00), CO2 (200.1 + 12.4), SO2 (0.01 + 0.00) and NO2 (0.00). Mean FEV1 among KSU was 2.0 + 0.5 litres which was significantly lower than the mean predicted value of 2.7 ± 0.5 litres. There was a negative correlation between PM10 and FEV1 (r = -0.7539, p > 0.05). Safer cooking methods and practices to obviate health hazards are advocated.展开更多
Background: Disabled people in the streets have been adjudged to have the least access to sanitation facilities. Information is inadequate on accessibility to sanitation and hygiene services in homes for the disabled ...Background: Disabled people in the streets have been adjudged to have the least access to sanitation facilities. Information is inadequate on accessibility to sanitation and hygiene services in homes for the disabled in Nigeria. Purpose: To investigate accessibility to sanitation facilities and handwashing practices among Physically Challenged Persons (PCPs) in selected homes for the disabled in Ibadan. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four consenting PCPs selected from three homes for the disabled in a cross-sectional study were interviewed using questionnaire. Field observation and Focus Group Discussion (FGDs) were conducted using a checklist and FGD guide respectively. Results: Mean age of PCPs was 19.5 ± 6.8 years, and 56.2% were males. All PCPs reported they had water closet toilet-types in their homes, however, 42% reported that toilet usage was difficult because there were no assistive devices. Observation revealed there were no hand rails or ropes to aid in toilet usage. The FGDs revealed water supply for flushing was inadequate. Although 98.4% reported handwashing with soap after toilet use, only 54.7% of the PCPs reported that soap was readily available in their homes/centres. Discussion and Conclusion: Reports by the PCP and field observation showed that there were inadequate assistive devices such as wheelchair ramps, hand rails, or ropes to aid in toilet usage. Sanitation facilities in homes for the disabled should be appropriately built with necessary support to facilitate usage and easy accessibility.展开更多
This prospective study was undertaken to ascertain the incidence, histology and pathological features of different types of asymptomatic or sub clinical prostatic diseases. Prostate glands were obtained from 79 consec...This prospective study was undertaken to ascertain the incidence, histology and pathological features of different types of asymptomatic or sub clinical prostatic diseases. Prostate glands were obtained from 79 consecutive adult males aged 30 years and above who died from non-prostate related diseases at the University College Hospital Ibadan over an eighteen months period. The glands were weighed and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. The sampling method of the prostate gland described by Vainer et al. (2011) was employed in this study. Paraffin-embedded sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and were systematically examined for focal prostate disease. The patients’ ages ranged from 30 to 86 years. The most common lesions were nodular hyperplasia (81%), followed by adenocarcinoma (6.3%). Three cases (3.8%) had schistosomiasis. Adenocarcinoma and nodular hyperplasia occurred in relatively older patients than those with normal glands or chronic prostatitis/schistosomiasis (p = 0.05). There was an increase in weight of the prostate with age (p < 0.001) and normal prostate glands weighed significantly less than diseased glands (p = 0.02). Focal prostatic atrophy was observed in 24.1% and metaplastic changes were observed in eight (10.1%) of the cases. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) was not seen in any case, not even amongst the adenocarcinomas. The low frequency of prostatic adenocarcinoma and the absence of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in this study despite the observation of increasing number of prostatic carcinoma required further investigation. Schistosomiasis was also found to be present in the adult male population.展开更多
Solid waste management in developing countries has assumed the scale of a major social and environmental challenge. However, many developing countries such as Nigeria have a chronic solid waste management problem. Poo...Solid waste management in developing countries has assumed the scale of a major social and environmental challenge. However, many developing countries such as Nigeria have a chronic solid waste management problem. Poorly managed solid waste in market has resulted in health hazards and environmental disaster due to contamination by vermin. This paper studies the management of solid waste in Bodija market, Ibadan, Nigeria. The study adopted a quantitative approach, employing waste composition analysis of samples from the case study area, and questionnaire survey as key methods for data generation. Analysis of result reveals poor collection practise in the market with 6.7% respondents practicing open burning of refuse. However, high rate of waste generation in the market, inconsistency and inefficiency of the private collection agents and lack of funds on the part of the waste management authority has led to this practise. In the next two decades, a total volume of 282,000 m3 of landfill site would be needed for solid waste disposal in the market. The sanitary landfill technique has the potential to reduce environmental health problems created by the existing disposal methods. Hence, cost recovery practises and reconstruction of management capacity are recommended as solutions to the problem.展开更多
Background: Invasive fungal sinusitis is one of the less common forms of fungal infection more commonly described in North Africa and Asia. It affects healthy and immunologically competent individuals typically compli...Background: Invasive fungal sinusitis is one of the less common forms of fungal infection more commonly described in North Africa and Asia. It affects healthy and immunologically competent individuals typically complicating chronic rhinosinusitis. Surgical debridement and adjuvant antifungal treatment are the mainstay of management of this condition. Objective: To describe the clinical presentation, pathological features and management of patients with invasive fungal sinusitis managed at a tertiary health facility, southwestern Nigeria. Method: Medical records of all patients with invasive fungal sinusitis managed between January 2009 and December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Six patients with invasive fungal sinusitis were managed during the study period. All patients were immunocompetent and the mean age at presentation was 30.7 years ± 7.2 years. The average duration of symptoms prior to presentation was 18.5 months (Interquartile range, 67.5 months), and all six patients had orbital involvement and intracranial extension of the mass at presentation. They all had surgical debridement, and the specimens were sent for histological examination. Mycological studies carried out on two specimens isolated Aspergillus fumigatusas the fungal agent and all patients were started on post-operative oral antifungal chemotherapy. Five patients completed their chemotherapy and fared well with no recurrence while one patient had irregular and incomplete antifungal treatment, and developed recurrent infection before abandoning further treatment. Conclusion: Chronic invasive fungal sinusitis is an uncommon infection and fairly difficult to manage. However, timely diagnosis and combined surgical and medical treatment can give good outcomes in the patients.展开更多
Amenity trees are an essential element of most urban communities,contributing significantly to human well-being and improving environmental quality.Good knowledge of the diversity and abundance of trees in our environ...Amenity trees are an essential element of most urban communities,contributing significantly to human well-being and improving environmental quality.Good knowledge of the diversity and abundance of trees in our environment and their importance can help promote conservation,which is essential for sustainability.This study aimed at assessing the diversity and abundance of amenity trees on the premises of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture(IITA),Ibadan Nigeria.The institute was divided into working and residential areas.The trees in the study area were identified using a walking and windshield survey.A total population of 2626 trees from 126 species and 42 families were identified on the premises of IITA.The highest tree population of 523 trees was recorded in the Tropical Crescent residential area with 321 trees of Lagerstroemia speciosa being the most frequent species.Across working and residential areas,Elaeis guineensis was the most frequent species accounting for 19.92%of the total tree population.A Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index(H’)of 3.383 and species evenness of 0.43 was obtained from the study area.The high values of diversity indices obtained indicate that IITA premises are rich in diverse tree species both indigenous and exotic hence should be referenced as a good urban landscape.The current management practices can be recommended for other institutions.展开更多
文摘By the end of the 19th century,the missionaries had successfully planted Christianity in Ibadan,Nigeria with its distinguishable architecture.The history of church architecture in Ibadan is synonymous with the beginning of Christianity in Yoruba Country.Based on historical data obtained from the archives and field investigations,the paper traces the development of the church buildings of the missionary churches in Ibadan from the late 19th century to early 21st century.With shifts in the thinking about ideological and liturgical issues in church architecture globally,three distinct phases of development of church buildings in Ibadan are suggested beginning with the mission stations and ending with the modernist church buildings.The paper concludes that attempts to introduce modern architectural expressions in church buildings in Ibadan were increasingly common and strong but traditionalist and historicist approaches to architectural planning of church buildings remained predominant into the 21st century.
文摘Objective To investigate IUD-related vaginitis in IUD users at the University College Hospital Ibadan, South-western Nigeria.Methods A prospective cohort study in IUD users present with abnormal vaginal discharge at the family planning clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan was conducted between lOth of October, 2008 and 31st of May 2009. High Vaginal Swabs were taken from the clients for microbiology, culture and drug sensitivity test. Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was made based on gram stained vaginal smear using the standard Nugents criteria. Other aetiological agents were identified either on wet preparation or culture using standard techniques. Treatment given was by the family planning nurse, as was the protocol at the family planning clinic.Results Twenty-four IUD users present at the Jamtty ptannmg ctmtc with vaginal discharge were studied. Their ages ranged 28-51 years（38.14 ± 5.9 years）, Mean parity was 4.4 ± 1.4, All the women were married and all used CuT 380A. The mean duration of lUCD use was 2.5 years only. Majority （46%） had used it for more than 3 years and most （75%） of the visits were unscheduled. All the clients complained of abnormal vaginal discharge which was copious, watery and foul smelling, or clumpy. Nine users （37.5%） complained of pruritus vulvae, 3 users （12.5%） lower abdominal pain, 1 user （4,2%） dyspareunia and vaginosis was made in 16 （66. 7%） and 1 （4.2%） dysuria. The diagnosis of bacterial vaginal candidiasis in 8 （33.3%）. Age less than 40 years, Christianity and IUD use more than 3 years were associated with a higher risk of bacterial vaginosis （OR=1.29, 1.67 and 6.6, respectively）, while women above 40 years, Muslims and women with lower educational status had a higher risk of candida-related vaginitis （OR=1.67 and 4.2, respectively）. Eight clients （33.3%） were treated for candidiasis with antifungals （3 empirically, and 5 after obtaining results of vaginal swab）, 9 （37.5%） were given oral metronidazole, 3 patients were referred to the gynaecological emergency unit on account of abdominal pain and 4 did not return for follow up.Conclusion IUD associated vaginitis is a disturbing condition causing unscheduled visits among IUD users. Bacterial vaginosis and Candidia albicans are major aetiologies in south western Nigeria Ibadan. Persistent discharge is a documented reason for discontinuation of lUD use. Periodic empirical treatment for candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis with antifungals and oral metronidazole is advocated. This may reduce the discomfort caused by IUD-related vaginitis, the risk of PID and other risks exposed to the IUD users and ensure continued use of the IUD.
文摘Background: Recent studies show increasing prostate cancer incidence in Nigeria. Significant correlations identified between diet and prostate cancer occurrence, indicate that low antioxidant status could contribute to the aetiology of prostate cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional study determined selected antioxidants (lycopene, beta-carotene and retinol) status of 10 (Experimental group) and 17 (Control) male adults with and without PC, recruited from the Urological Section of the Surgical Out-patients’ Department, University College Hospital and the General Out-patient Clinic of the Ring Road State Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Demographic characteristics were assessed using a semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Daily antioxidant intakes were assessed and analyzed using 24-hour dietary recall, and an adapted version of the food database “Total Diet Assessment”. Serum lycopene, beta-carotene and retinol were determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Results: The mean age of the PC and the control (72.8 ± 6.2 years and 59.8 ± 4.8 years) was significantly different (p = 0.001). Mean daily lycopene intake (1408.4 ± 233.2 μg) of the PC was significantly lower (P = 0.030) than the controls (3862.3±316.2μg). The mean serum lycopene (19.8 ± 13.2 ng/ml), beta-carotene (43.6 ± 26.0 ng/ml) and retinol (362.2 ± 304.3ng/ml) of the PC were significantly lower (p = 0.008, 0.040 and 0.033 respectively) than the values (70.8 ± 49.8 ng/ml, 57.6 ± 47.7 ng/ml and 395.4 ± 275.6 ng/ml respectively) of the controls. Significant inverse correlations were observed between the dietary lycopene intake (r = -0.396, p = 0.041) and serum lycopene (r =-0.502, p = 0.008) with PC;while a significant positive association was observed between dietary intake of retinol with PC (r = 0.394, p = 0.042). Conclusion: The study has revealed low anti-oxidant status, and an inverse association between lycopene status and prostate cancer in the elderly men.
文摘Exposure to high PM10 by women and children for hours on a daily basis in poor ventilated kitchen may lead to respiratory morbidity among this vulnerable group. In Nigeria, data on the levels of air pollutants associated with kerosene stove combustion are very scarce. Like-wise little had been documented on the pulmonary health of women exposed to kerosene stove emission. This study was carried out to measure the levels of kerosene combustion emissions within kitchen environments and also assess the pulmonary function status of the exposed women at baseline. Particulate matter (PM10) and gaseous emissions (GE) were measured in six purposively selected clusters of regular kerosene stove users (KSU) using gravimetric sampler and gas monitors, respectively and their values compared with WHO guideline limits. 167 randomly selected KSU were surveyed to elicit their socio demographic features. A spirometer was used to assess the lung function status (FEV1) of 72 KSU in six neighbourhood kitchen clusters. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and Pearson’s correlation tests. Respondents’ mean age was 38 + 12.9 years. Mean duration of exposure to GE was 18.9 + 9.8 years. Mean PM10 was 248.1 + 14.1 μg/m3 and ten folds higher than WHO guideline limit of 25 μg/m3. Mean GE in ppm were: CO (0.00), CO2 (200.1 + 12.4), SO2 (0.01 + 0.00) and NO2 (0.00). Mean FEV1 among KSU was 2.0 + 0.5 litres which was significantly lower than the mean predicted value of 2.7 ± 0.5 litres. There was a negative correlation between PM10 and FEV1 (r = -0.7539, p > 0.05). Safer cooking methods and practices to obviate health hazards are advocated.
文摘Background: Disabled people in the streets have been adjudged to have the least access to sanitation facilities. Information is inadequate on accessibility to sanitation and hygiene services in homes for the disabled in Nigeria. Purpose: To investigate accessibility to sanitation facilities and handwashing practices among Physically Challenged Persons (PCPs) in selected homes for the disabled in Ibadan. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four consenting PCPs selected from three homes for the disabled in a cross-sectional study were interviewed using questionnaire. Field observation and Focus Group Discussion (FGDs) were conducted using a checklist and FGD guide respectively. Results: Mean age of PCPs was 19.5 ± 6.8 years, and 56.2% were males. All PCPs reported they had water closet toilet-types in their homes, however, 42% reported that toilet usage was difficult because there were no assistive devices. Observation revealed there were no hand rails or ropes to aid in toilet usage. The FGDs revealed water supply for flushing was inadequate. Although 98.4% reported handwashing with soap after toilet use, only 54.7% of the PCPs reported that soap was readily available in their homes/centres. Discussion and Conclusion: Reports by the PCP and field observation showed that there were inadequate assistive devices such as wheelchair ramps, hand rails, or ropes to aid in toilet usage. Sanitation facilities in homes for the disabled should be appropriately built with necessary support to facilitate usage and easy accessibility.
文摘This prospective study was undertaken to ascertain the incidence, histology and pathological features of different types of asymptomatic or sub clinical prostatic diseases. Prostate glands were obtained from 79 consecutive adult males aged 30 years and above who died from non-prostate related diseases at the University College Hospital Ibadan over an eighteen months period. The glands were weighed and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. The sampling method of the prostate gland described by Vainer et al. (2011) was employed in this study. Paraffin-embedded sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and were systematically examined for focal prostate disease. The patients’ ages ranged from 30 to 86 years. The most common lesions were nodular hyperplasia (81%), followed by adenocarcinoma (6.3%). Three cases (3.8%) had schistosomiasis. Adenocarcinoma and nodular hyperplasia occurred in relatively older patients than those with normal glands or chronic prostatitis/schistosomiasis (p = 0.05). There was an increase in weight of the prostate with age (p < 0.001) and normal prostate glands weighed significantly less than diseased glands (p = 0.02). Focal prostatic atrophy was observed in 24.1% and metaplastic changes were observed in eight (10.1%) of the cases. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) was not seen in any case, not even amongst the adenocarcinomas. The low frequency of prostatic adenocarcinoma and the absence of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in this study despite the observation of increasing number of prostatic carcinoma required further investigation. Schistosomiasis was also found to be present in the adult male population.
文摘Solid waste management in developing countries has assumed the scale of a major social and environmental challenge. However, many developing countries such as Nigeria have a chronic solid waste management problem. Poorly managed solid waste in market has resulted in health hazards and environmental disaster due to contamination by vermin. This paper studies the management of solid waste in Bodija market, Ibadan, Nigeria. The study adopted a quantitative approach, employing waste composition analysis of samples from the case study area, and questionnaire survey as key methods for data generation. Analysis of result reveals poor collection practise in the market with 6.7% respondents practicing open burning of refuse. However, high rate of waste generation in the market, inconsistency and inefficiency of the private collection agents and lack of funds on the part of the waste management authority has led to this practise. In the next two decades, a total volume of 282,000 m3 of landfill site would be needed for solid waste disposal in the market. The sanitary landfill technique has the potential to reduce environmental health problems created by the existing disposal methods. Hence, cost recovery practises and reconstruction of management capacity are recommended as solutions to the problem.
文摘Background: Invasive fungal sinusitis is one of the less common forms of fungal infection more commonly described in North Africa and Asia. It affects healthy and immunologically competent individuals typically complicating chronic rhinosinusitis. Surgical debridement and adjuvant antifungal treatment are the mainstay of management of this condition. Objective: To describe the clinical presentation, pathological features and management of patients with invasive fungal sinusitis managed at a tertiary health facility, southwestern Nigeria. Method: Medical records of all patients with invasive fungal sinusitis managed between January 2009 and December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Six patients with invasive fungal sinusitis were managed during the study period. All patients were immunocompetent and the mean age at presentation was 30.7 years ± 7.2 years. The average duration of symptoms prior to presentation was 18.5 months (Interquartile range, 67.5 months), and all six patients had orbital involvement and intracranial extension of the mass at presentation. They all had surgical debridement, and the specimens were sent for histological examination. Mycological studies carried out on two specimens isolated Aspergillus fumigatusas the fungal agent and all patients were started on post-operative oral antifungal chemotherapy. Five patients completed their chemotherapy and fared well with no recurrence while one patient had irregular and incomplete antifungal treatment, and developed recurrent infection before abandoning further treatment. Conclusion: Chronic invasive fungal sinusitis is an uncommon infection and fairly difficult to manage. However, timely diagnosis and combined surgical and medical treatment can give good outcomes in the patients.
文摘Amenity trees are an essential element of most urban communities,contributing significantly to human well-being and improving environmental quality.Good knowledge of the diversity and abundance of trees in our environment and their importance can help promote conservation,which is essential for sustainability.This study aimed at assessing the diversity and abundance of amenity trees on the premises of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture(IITA),Ibadan Nigeria.The institute was divided into working and residential areas.The trees in the study area were identified using a walking and windshield survey.A total population of 2626 trees from 126 species and 42 families were identified on the premises of IITA.The highest tree population of 523 trees was recorded in the Tropical Crescent residential area with 321 trees of Lagerstroemia speciosa being the most frequent species.Across working and residential areas,Elaeis guineensis was the most frequent species accounting for 19.92%of the total tree population.A Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index(H’)of 3.383 and species evenness of 0.43 was obtained from the study area.The high values of diversity indices obtained indicate that IITA premises are rich in diverse tree species both indigenous and exotic hence should be referenced as a good urban landscape.The current management practices can be recommended for other institutions.
