The improvement of agriculture through irrigation farming is now of great need in the country Nigeria and Delta State. The country is going through a phase of famine and food insecurity caused by climate change and ra...The improvement of agriculture through irrigation farming is now of great need in the country Nigeria and Delta State. The country is going through a phase of famine and food insecurity caused by climate change and rain dependent agricultural practices. The aim of the study therefore, was to evaluate the quality of water from River Ethiope in Southern Nigeria for irrigation agriculture purposes using the percentage sodium (%Na), sodium-adsorption ratio (SAR) and irrigation-water quality index (IWQ1) techniques. The study deployed the experimental design and water samples were collected from different segments of the Ethiope River. A total of 144 water samples were collected and analysed for physicochemical parameters quality (EC, HCO3, Cl−, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+) from January to December, 2022. The results showed that all the calculated values for %Na were within the classified rating of 20 < N ≤ 40 and 60 < Na ≤ 80;while SAR were within the range of 0 < SAR ≤ 10. The recorded values of IWQI were within the range of 70 - 55 and 55 - 40. This implies that the water is good to doubtful for %Na, excellent for SAR and of moderate and high restrictions for IWQI. Water was adjudged to be good for irrigation activities, and should be applicable in areas with moderate and high soil permeability. The routine testing of the water to ascertain physicochemical parameters quality regularly, in order not to affect its use for irrigation was among the recommendations. This finding herein shall be of use to Water Resources and Agriculture ministries in Nigeria.展开更多
The Kanpur Nagar is an economically and industrially vibrant area situated on the Middle Gangetic alluvial plain which lacks robust hydrogeochemical data.Therefore,in the present research,hydrogeochemical techniques i...The Kanpur Nagar is an economically and industrially vibrant area situated on the Middle Gangetic alluvial plain which lacks robust hydrogeochemical data.Therefore,in the present research,hydrogeochemical techniques integrated with multi-statistical analysis were used to assess the geochemistry,sources of ions,geochemical evolution,natural background levels(NBLs),threshold values(TVs),and suitability for drinking purposes using the integrated-weight water quality index(IWQI)of 68 groundwater samples from both pre-monsoon(PRM)and post-monsoon(POM)seasons.Additionally,an assessment was made of the sources and occurrence of fluoride and nitrate contaminants in the groundwater,followed by an evaluation of their associated non-carcinogenic human health risks(NCHHR)due to the oral consumption of F^(-),and NO_(3)^(-).Silicate weathering was found to be the most influential geochemical process in the study area,followed by active cation exchange,with a significant contribution from anthropogenic sources.The study assessed the identification of geochemical factors that control high levels of chemical components in groundwater using NBLs and TVs.Values of IWQI indicate the occurrence of excellent and good quality potable water in 78%and91%of the total groundwater samples from PRM and POM,respectively.As per the geochemical signature,the probable source of excess fluoride might be related to the interaction of groundwater with alluvial sediments deposited in the geological past,while agronomic sources could be the sole reasons for elevated nitrate concentration.It was found that children are more prone to NCHHR than the adult population,as per the calculated total hazard index.展开更多
文摘The improvement of agriculture through irrigation farming is now of great need in the country Nigeria and Delta State. The country is going through a phase of famine and food insecurity caused by climate change and rain dependent agricultural practices. The aim of the study therefore, was to evaluate the quality of water from River Ethiope in Southern Nigeria for irrigation agriculture purposes using the percentage sodium (%Na), sodium-adsorption ratio (SAR) and irrigation-water quality index (IWQ1) techniques. The study deployed the experimental design and water samples were collected from different segments of the Ethiope River. A total of 144 water samples were collected and analysed for physicochemical parameters quality (EC, HCO3, Cl−, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+) from January to December, 2022. The results showed that all the calculated values for %Na were within the classified rating of 20 < N ≤ 40 and 60 < Na ≤ 80;while SAR were within the range of 0 < SAR ≤ 10. The recorded values of IWQI were within the range of 70 - 55 and 55 - 40. This implies that the water is good to doubtful for %Na, excellent for SAR and of moderate and high restrictions for IWQI. Water was adjudged to be good for irrigation activities, and should be applicable in areas with moderate and high soil permeability. The routine testing of the water to ascertain physicochemical parameters quality regularly, in order not to affect its use for irrigation was among the recommendations. This finding herein shall be of use to Water Resources and Agriculture ministries in Nigeria.
基金the DST for INSPIRE PhD scholarship.N Rai acknowledges partial support for this work by IIT Roorkee-Project No:FIG-100779-ESDby the IIT Roorkee institute fellowship(2017-2019)。
文摘The Kanpur Nagar is an economically and industrially vibrant area situated on the Middle Gangetic alluvial plain which lacks robust hydrogeochemical data.Therefore,in the present research,hydrogeochemical techniques integrated with multi-statistical analysis were used to assess the geochemistry,sources of ions,geochemical evolution,natural background levels(NBLs),threshold values(TVs),and suitability for drinking purposes using the integrated-weight water quality index(IWQI)of 68 groundwater samples from both pre-monsoon(PRM)and post-monsoon(POM)seasons.Additionally,an assessment was made of the sources and occurrence of fluoride and nitrate contaminants in the groundwater,followed by an evaluation of their associated non-carcinogenic human health risks(NCHHR)due to the oral consumption of F^(-),and NO_(3)^(-).Silicate weathering was found to be the most influential geochemical process in the study area,followed by active cation exchange,with a significant contribution from anthropogenic sources.The study assessed the identification of geochemical factors that control high levels of chemical components in groundwater using NBLs and TVs.Values of IWQI indicate the occurrence of excellent and good quality potable water in 78%and91%of the total groundwater samples from PRM and POM,respectively.As per the geochemical signature,the probable source of excess fluoride might be related to the interaction of groundwater with alluvial sediments deposited in the geological past,while agronomic sources could be the sole reasons for elevated nitrate concentration.It was found that children are more prone to NCHHR than the adult population,as per the calculated total hazard index.
