Poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)has been used in CsPbI_(3)per-ovskite solar cells(PSCs)as the hole transport layer(HTL),due to its excellent hydrophobic prop-erty and cheap cost.However,the inevitable defects in perovskit...Poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)has been used in CsPbI_(3)per-ovskite solar cells(PSCs)as the hole transport layer(HTL),due to its excellent hydrophobic prop-erty and cheap cost.However,the inevitable defects in perovskite lead to the limited photovoltaic performance of CsPbI_(3)PSCs.In this study,diethylammonium io-dide(DEAI)was doped as an ad-ditive to passivate the defects in P3HT based CsPbI_(3)perovskite.Considering the diethylamine cations can effectively form hydrogen bonds with halide ion,the DEAI doping method could not only reduce the defect density but also facilitate the extraction and transport of carriers in the device.The optimal power conversion efficiency of the device prepared with DEAI doping method increases from 14.68%to 16.75%.In addition,the stability of the device is also signifi-cantly upgraded due to the improvement of CsPbI_(3)perovskite film.This work can provide re-liable theoretical and experimental evidence for further PSCs research.展开更多
Lead iodide(PbI2) is a vital raw material for preparing perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and it not only takes part in forming the light absorption layer but also remains in the grain boundary as a passivator.In other wor...Lead iodide(PbI2) is a vital raw material for preparing perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and it not only takes part in forming the light absorption layer but also remains in the grain boundary as a passivator.In other words,the PbI2 content in the precursor and as formed film will affect the efficiency and stability of the PSCs.With moderate residual PbI2,it passivates the bulk/surface defects of perovskite,reduces the interfacial recombination,promotes the perovskite stability,minimizes the device hysteresis,and so on.Deficient PbI2 residue will reduce the interfacial passivation effect and device performance.In addition to facilitating the non-radiative recombination,over PbI2 residue can also lead to electronic insulation in the grain boundary and deteriorate the device performance.However,the impact and regulation of PbI2 residue on the device performance and stability is still not fully understood.Herein,a comprehensive and detailed review is presented by discussing the PbI2 residue impact and its regulation strategies(i.e., elimination,facilitation and conversion of the residue PbI2) to manipulate the PbI2 content,distribution and forms.Finally,we also show future outlooks in this field,with an aim to help further the progression of high-efficiency and stable PSCs.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To examine the possibility of human sodium iodide symporter （hNIS） protein expression in lung cancer cells. METHODS Human lung A549 cancer cells were thawed and cultured in vitro. The cells were divided in...OBJECTIVE To examine the possibility of human sodium iodide symporter （hNIS） protein expression in lung cancer cells. METHODS Human lung A549 cancer cells were thawed and cultured in vitro. The cells were divided into an experimental group transfected with a recombinant pcDNA3-hNIS plasmid and a control group transfected only with a pcDNA3 plasmid. The recombinant plasmid vector encoding the hNIS gene （pcDNA3-hNIS） was amplified, purified and identified. The hNIS gene was followed by DNA sequencing. A Western blot and an immunohistochemical assay were applied to detect the hNIS protein expression in the transfected human lung A549 cancer cells. RESULTS Restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing results showed the size and direction of the inserted gene in the recombinant pcD- NA3-hNIS plasmid was correct. The Western blot method and immunohistochemical analysis showed a positive NIS protein expression in the experimental group. The NIS protein was detected mainly in the cell membranes showing a positive rate up to 70.6% with no expression of the NIS protein in the control group. There was a significant difference between two groups （P=0.000）. CONCLUSION The hNIS gene was transfected effectively into human lung A549 cancer cells mediated by Lipofectamine 2000, and was expressed with its protein in vitro.展开更多
As an inorganic chemical,magnesium iodide has a significant crystalline structure.It is a complex and multifunctional substance that has the potential to be used in a wide range of medical advancements.Molecular graph...As an inorganic chemical,magnesium iodide has a significant crystalline structure.It is a complex and multifunctional substance that has the potential to be used in a wide range of medical advancements.Molecular graph theory,on the other hand,provides a sufficient and cost-effective method of investigating chemical structures and networks.M-polynomial is a relatively new method for studying chemical networks and structures in molecular graph theory.It displays numerical descriptors in algebraic form and highlights molecular features in the form of a polynomial function.We present a polynomials display of magnesium iodide structure and calculate several M-polynomials in this paper,particularly the M-polynomials of the augmented Zagreb index,inverse sum index,hyper Zagreb index and for the symmetric division index.展开更多
Efficiency enhancement of Cs_(0.1)(CH_(3)NH_(3))_(0.9)PbI_(3) solar cell devices was performed by using iso-butyl ammonium iodide(IBA)passivated on Cs_(0.1)(CH_(3)NH_(3))_(0.9)PbI_(3) films.The n-i-p structure of pero...Efficiency enhancement of Cs_(0.1)(CH_(3)NH_(3))_(0.9)PbI_(3) solar cell devices was performed by using iso-butyl ammonium iodide(IBA)passivated on Cs_(0.1)(CH_(3)NH_(3))_(0.9)PbI_(3) films.The n-i-p structure of perovskite solar cell devices was fabricated with the structure of FTO/SnO_(2)/Cs_(0.1)(CH_(3)NH_(3))_(0.9)PbI_(3)(FTO,i.e.,fluorine doped tin oxide)and IBA/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag.The effect of different weights of IBA passivated on Cs-doped perovskite solar cells(PSCs)was systematically investigated and compared with non-passivated devices.It was found that the 5-mg IBA-passivated devices exhibited a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 15.49%higher than 12.64%of non-IBA-passivated devices.The improvement of photovoltaic parameters of the 5-mg IBA-passivated device can be clearly observed compared to the Cs-doped device.The better performance of the IBA-passivated device can be confirmed by the reduction of PbI_(2) phase in the crystal structure,lower charge recombination rate,lower charge transfer resistance,and improved contact angle of perovskite films.Therefore,IBA passivation on Cs_(0.1)(CH_(3)NH)_(0.9)PbI_(3) is a promising technique to improve the efficiency of Cs-doped perovskite solar cells.展开更多
Stereoselective transformation of Baylis-Hillman acetates I into corresponding （Z）-allyl iodides 2 has been achieved by treatment of I with samarium triiodide in THF. Remarkable rate acceleration of samarium triiodi...Stereoselective transformation of Baylis-Hillman acetates I into corresponding （Z）-allyl iodides 2 has been achieved by treatment of I with samarium triiodide in THF. Remarkable rate acceleration of samarium triiodide-mediated iodination of 1 was found when ionic liquid 1-n-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluroborate （[bmim]BF4） was used as reaction media in stead of THF. This novel approach proceeds readily at 50 ℃ within a few minutes to afford （Z）-allyl iodides 2 in excellent yields. A mechanism involving stereoselective iodination of the acetates of Baylis-Hillman adducts by samarium triiodide is described, in which a six-membered ring transition state played a key role in the stereoselective formation of 2.展开更多
The binding energy spectrum and electron momentum distributions for the outer valence orbitals of n-propyl iodide molecule have been measured using the electron momentum spectrometer employing non-coplanar asymmetric ...The binding energy spectrum and electron momentum distributions for the outer valence orbitals of n-propyl iodide molecule have been measured using the electron momentum spectrometer employing non-coplanar asymmetric geometry at impact energy of 2.5 keV plus binding energy. The ionization bands have been assigned in detail via the high accuracy SACCI general-R method calculation and the experimental momentum profiles are compared with the theoretical ones calculated by Hartree-Fock and B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ（C,H）6-311G？？（I）. The spin-orbit coupling effect and intramolecular orbital interaction have been analyzed for the outermost two bands, which are assigned to the iodine 5p lone pairs, using NBO method and non-relativistic as well as relativistic calculations. It is found that both of the interactions will lead to the observed differences in electron momentum distributions. The experimental results agree with the relativistic theoretical momentum profiles, indicating that the spin-orbit coupling effect dominates in n-propyl iodide molecule.展开更多
Algal blooms and wastewater effluents can introduce algal organic matter(AOM) and effluent organic matter(Ef OM) into surface waters, respectively. In this study, the impact of bromide and iodide on the formation of h...Algal blooms and wastewater effluents can introduce algal organic matter(AOM) and effluent organic matter(Ef OM) into surface waters, respectively. In this study, the impact of bromide and iodide on the formation of halogenated disinfection byproducts(DBPs) during chlorination and chloramination from various types of dissolved organic matter(DOM, e.g., natural organic matter(NOM), AOM, and Ef OM) were investigated based on the data collected from literature. In general, higher formation of trihalomethanes(THMs) and haloacetic acids(HAAs) was observed in NOM than AOM and Ef OM, indicating high reactivities of phenolic moieties with both chlorine and monochloramine. The formation of haloacetaldehydes(HALs), haloacetonitriles(HANs) and haloacetamides(HAMs) was much lower than THMs and HAAs. Increasing initial bromide concentrations increased the formation of THMs, HAAs, HANs, and HAMs, but not HALs. Bromine substitution factor(BSF) values of DBPs formed in chlorination decreased as specific ultraviolet absorbance(SUVA) increased. AOM favored the formation of iodinated THMs(I-THMs) during chloramination using preformed chloramines and chlorination-chloramination processes. Increasing prechlorination time can reduce the I-THM concentrations because of the conversion of iodide to iodate, but this increased the formation of chlorinated and brominated DBPs. In an analogous way, iodine substitution factor(ISF) values of I-THMs formed in chloramination decreased as SUVA values of DOM increased. Compared to chlorination, the formation of noniodinated DBPs is low in chloramination.展开更多
Gold extraction by iodine-iodide solution is an effective and environment-friendly method. In this study, the method using iodine-iodide for gold leaching is proved feasible through thermodynamic calculation. At the s...Gold extraction by iodine-iodide solution is an effective and environment-friendly method. In this study, the method using iodine-iodide for gold leaching is proved feasible through thermodynamic calculation. At the same time, experiments on flotation gold concentrates were carried out and encouraging results were obtained. Through optimizing the technological conditions, the attained high gold leaching rate is more than 85%. The optimum process conditions at 25℃ are shown as follows： the initial iodine concentration is 1.0%, the iodine-to-iodide mole ratio is 1：8, the solution pH value is 7, the liquid-to-solid mass ratio is 4：1, the leaching time is 4 h, the stirring intensity is 200 r/mim, and the hydrogen peroxide consumption is 1%.展开更多
A novel flow-injection irreversible biamperometric method is described for the direct determination of iodide. The method is based on electrochemical oxidation of iodide at the gold electrode and the reduction of perm...A novel flow-injection irreversible biamperometric method is described for the direct determination of iodide. The method is based on electrochemical oxidation of iodide at the gold electrode and the reduction of permanganate at the platinum electrode to form an irreversible biamperometric detection system. Under the applied potential difference of 0 V, in the 0.05 mol/L sulfuric acid, iodidecan be determined over the range 4.00×10^-7-1.00×10^-5 mol/L with a sampling frequency of 120 samples per hour. The detection limit for I- is 3.0×10^-7 mol/L and the RSD for 40 replicate determinations of 4.0×10^-5 mol/L potassium iodide is 1.68%. The new method was applied to the analysis of iodide in table salt with satisfactory results.展开更多
Poly（4-vinyl pyridine） supported nanoparticle of copper（Ⅰ） iodide is reported as a green and recyclable catalyst for the regioselective synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted-1H-1,2,3-triazoles from benzyl halides,sodium...Poly（4-vinyl pyridine） supported nanoparticle of copper（Ⅰ） iodide is reported as a green and recyclable catalyst for the regioselective synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted-1H-1,2,3-triazoles from benzyl halides,sodium azide and terminal alkynes in water. This catalyst can be recovered by simple filtration and recycled up to 8 consecutive runs without any loss of its efficiency.展开更多
The remarkable evolution of metal halide perovskites in the past decade makes them promise for next-generation optoelectronic material.In particular,nanocrystals(NCs)of inorganic perovskites have demonstrated excellen...The remarkable evolution of metal halide perovskites in the past decade makes them promise for next-generation optoelectronic material.In particular,nanocrystals(NCs)of inorganic perovskites have demonstrated excellent performance for light-emitting and display applications.However,the presence of surface defects on the NCs negatively impacts their performance in devices.Herein,we report a compatible facial post-treatment of CsPbI_(3) nanocrystals using guanidinium iodide(GuI).It is found that the GuI treatment effectively passivated the halide vacancy defects on the surface of the NCs while offering effective surface protection and exciton confinement thanks to the beneficial contribution of iodide and guanidinium cation.As a consequence,the film of treated CsPbI_(3) nanocrystals exhibited significantly enhanced luminescence and charge transport properties,leading to high-performance light-emitting diode with maximum external quantum efficiency of 13.8%with high brightness(peak luminance of 7039 cd m^(−2) and a peak current density of 10.8 cd A^(−1)).The EQE is over threefold higher than performance of untreated device(EQE:3.8%).The operational half-lifetime of the treated devices also was significantly improved with T50 of 20 min(at current density of 25 mA cm^(−2)),outperforming the untreated devices(T50~6 min).展开更多
Methyl iodide(CH3I)is an important trace greenhouse gas in the atmosphere and an ozone-depleting substance.The influence of different environmental factors,such as the duration of illumination;the strength of illumina...Methyl iodide(CH3I)is an important trace greenhouse gas in the atmosphere and an ozone-depleting substance.The influence of different environmental factors,such as the duration of illumination;the strength of illumination;the concentrations of humic acid,ferric ion(Fe^3+),and iodide ion(I−);and pH,on the photochemical production of CH3I in artificial seawater(ASW)were tested by simulated solar irradiation.In addition,Yangtze River Estuary waters from inshore to offshore were used to explore the relationship between the photochemical production of CH3I and different sources of dissolved organic matter(DOM)in natural seawater(NSW).The results revealed that higher concentrations of humic acid and I−,as well as higher strengths of illumination and longer illumination durations,promoted the photochemical formation of CH3I in ASW.The addition of Fe^3+accelerated the photochemical production of CH3I,but high concentrations of Fe^3+inhibited the formation of CH3I.Experiments on NSW obtained from the Yangtze River estuary spiked when concentrations of DOM were high,confirming that DOM plays an important role in facilitating the photochemical production of CH3I within the Yangtze River Estuary.The photochemical production of CH3I in the seawater was significantly higher under light conditions relative to dark conditions,indicating that illumination accelerated the production of CH3I.展开更多
A simple and efficient method for the selective iodination of various aromatic compounds by using potassium iodide in the presence of benzyltnphenylphosphonium perchlorate,is reported.This method provides several adva...A simple and efficient method for the selective iodination of various aromatic compounds by using potassium iodide in the presence of benzyltnphenylphosphonium perchlorate,is reported.This method provides several advantages such as good selectivity between ortho and para positions of aromatic compounds and high yields of the products.展开更多
Silver iodide nanoclusters were successfully prepared in the channels of mordenite by a heat diffusion method. Powder X ray diffraction, adsorption technique and infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the pr...Silver iodide nanoclusters were successfully prepared in the channels of mordenite by a heat diffusion method. Powder X ray diffraction, adsorption technique and infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the prepared materials, which showed that the vip silver iodide had been encapsulated in the channels of mordenite. The optical properties of the solid phase diffuse reflectance absorption of nanocomposite material NaM AgI were studied, showing that the absorption bands of the diffuse reflectance absorption of the prepared material moved to the region of high energy. The absorption peak of the material prepared shifted to the region of high energy. Namely, blue shift was caused. This has demonstrated the incorporation of silver iodide into the channels of the zeolite. We observed the luminescence and surface photovoltage spectra of NaM AgI sample, proposing the mechanisms of the photoluminescence and photovoltaic responses.展开更多
Here, we present an optimization of colorimetric determination of hydrogen peroxide content in plants using potassium iodide. Our method is based on a one step buffer (extraction and reaction) for the determination of...Here, we present an optimization of colorimetric determination of hydrogen peroxide content in plants using potassium iodide. Our method is based on a one step buffer (extraction and reaction) for the determination of H2O2 in different plant tissues and overcomes interference of soluble antioxidant and color background. A particular attention is paid to buffer pH shown to be tissue dependent. With this inexpensive microplate method, it is possible to analyze 12 experimental samples in about 45 min all in triplicates, with blanks, controls and standard curve.展开更多
Recycling wastewater is becoming more common as communities around the world try to better control their water resources against an increased frequency of either prolonged droughts or intense flooding. For communities...Recycling wastewater is becoming more common as communities around the world try to better control their water resources against an increased frequency of either prolonged droughts or intense flooding. For communities in coastal areas, wastewaters may contain elevated levels of bromide（Br^-） and iodide（I^-） from seawater intrusion or high mineral content of source waters. Disinfection of such wastewater is mandatory to prevent the spread of pathogens, however little is known about the toxicity of wastewater after disinfection in the presence of Br^-and I^-. In this study we compared the induction of chronic cytotoxicity in mammalian cells in samples of municipal secondary wastewater effluent amended with elevated levels of Br^-/I^-after disinfection by chlorine, chloramines or ozone to identify which disinfection process generated wastewater with the lowest level of adverse biological response. Chlorination increased mammalian cell cytotoxicity by 5times as compared to non-disinfected controls. Chloramination produced disinfected wastewater that expressed 6.3 times more cytotoxicity than the non-disinfected controls and was 1.3 times more cytotoxic than the chlorinated samples. Ozonation produced wastewater with cytotoxicity comparable to the non-disinfected controls and was at least 4times less cytotoxic than the chlorine disinfected wastewaters. These results indicate that compared to chlorination and chloramination, ozonation of wastewater with high Br^-/Ilevels yielded the lowest mammalian cell cytotoxicity, suggesting its potential as a more favorable method to disinfect wastewater with minimizing the biological toxicity in mind.展开更多
A new stationary phase for iodide ion analysis has been developed. The cationic polymerepichlorohydrin-dimethylamine（PEPI-DMA） was served as modifier in synthesizing polyelectrolyte sorbents and the macroporous poly...A new stationary phase for iodide ion analysis has been developed. The cationic polymerepichlorohydrin-dimethylamine（PEPI-DMA） was served as modifier in synthesizing polyelectrolyte sorbents and the macroporous polystyrene-divinylbenzene（PS-DVB） resin was used as support. The positively charged polymer（PEPI-DMA） was electrostatically bonded to a negatively charged particle（PS-DVB sulfonated）. The new stationary phase was characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, Fourier transform infrared（FTIR）, elemental analysis, chemical adsorption and desorption measurements. The chromatographic evaluation of the new stationary phase was performed using various anions with a conductivity detector. The new stationary phase was also applied to the determination of iodide directly with a DC amperometric detector using a platinum working electrode and an Ag/Ag Cl reference electrode. The chromatographic conditions were optimized and the eluent solution contained 5 mmol/L HNO3 and 15 mmol/L Na NO3 at a flow rate of 1.0 m L/min and column temperature of 30 8C. The applied voltage of the DC amperometric detector was 0.9 V. Under the optimum conditions, the linear range of the method was 0.2–50 mg/L for iodide ion with a correlation coefficient of 0.9990. The detection limit was 0.05 mg/L（calculated at S/N = 3） and the relative standard deviations（RSD, n = 6） were all less than 1% for retention time, peak area and peak height. This method was also utilized for the determination of iodide ions in samples of povidone iodine solution and kelp samples with satisfactory results.展开更多
The applicability of the rapid iodide migration test was systematically studied. Comparative experimental tests of different test conditions, including several external voltages, test durations, concrete ages and mixi...The applicability of the rapid iodide migration test was systematically studied. Comparative experimental tests of different test conditions, including several external voltages, test durations, concrete ages and mixing proportions, were carried out to make clear the transport behaviors of iodide under parallel electric fields. Numerical simulations were also done using the finite element method to found the correlation between chloride and iodide transport behaviors. The test and numerical results show that the chloride transport behaviors of RIM and RCM tests have a good correlation under the several conditions used in the present paper. Moreover, the influence of external conditions （external voltages, test durations） on the test results is small. Thus, it can be concluded that the RIM method is available to determine the chloride penetration resistance of the chloride-eroded structural concrete.展开更多
The removal of iodide(I^(−))from source waters is an effective strategy to minimize the formation of iodinated disinfection by-products(DBPs),which are more toxic than their brominated and chlorinated analogues.In thi...The removal of iodide(I^(−))from source waters is an effective strategy to minimize the formation of iodinated disinfection by-products(DBPs),which are more toxic than their brominated and chlorinated analogues.In this work,a nanocomposite Ag-D201 was synthesized by multiple in situ reduction of Ag-complex in D201 polymer matrix,to achieve highly efficient removal of iodide from water.Scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectrometer characterization showed that uniform cubic silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)evenly dispersed in the D201 pores.The equilibrium isotherms data for iodide adsorption onto Ag-D201 was well fitted with Langmuir isotherm with the adsorption capacity of 533 mg/g at neutral pH.The adsorption capacity of Ag-D201 increased with the decrease of pH in acidic aqueous solution,and reached themaximum value of 802 mg/g at pH 2.This was attributed to the oxidization of I^(−),by dissolved oxygen under the catalysis of AgNPs,to I2 which was finally adsorbed as AgI3.However,the aqueous solutions at pH 7–11 could hardly affect the iodide adsorption.The adsorption of I^(−)was barely affected by real water matrixes such as competitive anions(SO_(4)^(2−),NO_(3)^(−),HCO3−,Cl^(−))and natural organic matter,of which interference of NOM was offset by the presence of Ca^(2+).The proposed synergistic mechanism for the excellent performance of iodide adsorption by the absorbent was ascribed to the Donnan membrane effect caused by the D201 resin,the chemisorption of I^(−)by AgNPs,and the catalytic effect of AgNPs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China(No.62305243)Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(Nos.20210302124629,20210302124163,20210302124392,202203021212217)funded by China Scholarship Council。
文摘Poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)has been used in CsPbI_(3)per-ovskite solar cells(PSCs)as the hole transport layer(HTL),due to its excellent hydrophobic prop-erty and cheap cost.However,the inevitable defects in perovskite lead to the limited photovoltaic performance of CsPbI_(3)PSCs.In this study,diethylammonium io-dide(DEAI)was doped as an ad-ditive to passivate the defects in P3HT based CsPbI_(3)perovskite.Considering the diethylamine cations can effectively form hydrogen bonds with halide ion,the DEAI doping method could not only reduce the defect density but also facilitate the extraction and transport of carriers in the device.The optimal power conversion efficiency of the device prepared with DEAI doping method increases from 14.68%to 16.75%.In addition,the stability of the device is also signifi-cantly upgraded due to the improvement of CsPbI_(3)perovskite film.This work can provide re-liable theoretical and experimental evidence for further PSCs research.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A2078,22179042,and 12104170)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2020J06021 and 2020J01064)Scientific Research Funds of Huaqiao University(23BS109)。
文摘Lead iodide(PbI2) is a vital raw material for preparing perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and it not only takes part in forming the light absorption layer but also remains in the grain boundary as a passivator.In other words,the PbI2 content in the precursor and as formed film will affect the efficiency and stability of the PSCs.With moderate residual PbI2,it passivates the bulk/surface defects of perovskite,reduces the interfacial recombination,promotes the perovskite stability,minimizes the device hysteresis,and so on.Deficient PbI2 residue will reduce the interfacial passivation effect and device performance.In addition to facilitating the non-radiative recombination,over PbI2 residue can also lead to electronic insulation in the grain boundary and deteriorate the device performance.However,the impact and regulation of PbI2 residue on the device performance and stability is still not fully understood.Herein,a comprehensive and detailed review is presented by discussing the PbI2 residue impact and its regulation strategies(i.e., elimination,facilitation and conversion of the residue PbI2) to manipulate the PbI2 content,distribution and forms.Finally,we also show future outlooks in this field,with an aim to help further the progression of high-efficiency and stable PSCs.
文摘OBJECTIVE To examine the possibility of human sodium iodide symporter （hNIS） protein expression in lung cancer cells. METHODS Human lung A549 cancer cells were thawed and cultured in vitro. The cells were divided into an experimental group transfected with a recombinant pcDNA3-hNIS plasmid and a control group transfected only with a pcDNA3 plasmid. The recombinant plasmid vector encoding the hNIS gene （pcDNA3-hNIS） was amplified, purified and identified. The hNIS gene was followed by DNA sequencing. A Western blot and an immunohistochemical assay were applied to detect the hNIS protein expression in the transfected human lung A549 cancer cells. RESULTS Restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing results showed the size and direction of the inserted gene in the recombinant pcD- NA3-hNIS plasmid was correct. The Western blot method and immunohistochemical analysis showed a positive NIS protein expression in the experimental group. The NIS protein was detected mainly in the cell membranes showing a positive rate up to 70.6% with no expression of the NIS protein in the control group. There was a significant difference between two groups （P=0.000）. CONCLUSION The hNIS gene was transfected effectively into human lung A549 cancer cells mediated by Lipofectamine 2000, and was expressed with its protein in vitro.
文摘As an inorganic chemical,magnesium iodide has a significant crystalline structure.It is a complex and multifunctional substance that has the potential to be used in a wide range of medical advancements.Molecular graph theory,on the other hand,provides a sufficient and cost-effective method of investigating chemical structures and networks.M-polynomial is a relatively new method for studying chemical networks and structures in molecular graph theory.It displays numerical descriptors in algebraic form and highlights molecular features in the form of a polynomial function.We present a polynomials display of magnesium iodide structure and calculate several M-polynomials in this paper,particularly the M-polynomials of the augmented Zagreb index,inverse sum index,hyper Zagreb index and for the symmetric division index.
基金financial support from the Development and Promotion of Science and Technology Talent Project(DPST) and Graduate School,Chiang Mai University
文摘Efficiency enhancement of Cs_(0.1)(CH_(3)NH_(3))_(0.9)PbI_(3) solar cell devices was performed by using iso-butyl ammonium iodide(IBA)passivated on Cs_(0.1)(CH_(3)NH_(3))_(0.9)PbI_(3) films.The n-i-p structure of perovskite solar cell devices was fabricated with the structure of FTO/SnO_(2)/Cs_(0.1)(CH_(3)NH_(3))_(0.9)PbI_(3)(FTO,i.e.,fluorine doped tin oxide)and IBA/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag.The effect of different weights of IBA passivated on Cs-doped perovskite solar cells(PSCs)was systematically investigated and compared with non-passivated devices.It was found that the 5-mg IBA-passivated devices exhibited a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 15.49%higher than 12.64%of non-IBA-passivated devices.The improvement of photovoltaic parameters of the 5-mg IBA-passivated device can be clearly observed compared to the Cs-doped device.The better performance of the IBA-passivated device can be confirmed by the reduction of PbI_(2) phase in the crystal structure,lower charge recombination rate,lower charge transfer resistance,and improved contact angle of perovskite films.Therefore,IBA passivation on Cs_(0.1)(CH_(3)NH)_(0.9)PbI_(3) is a promising technique to improve the efficiency of Cs-doped perovskite solar cells.
基金Project (No. 2004C21032) supported by the Key Technology R & DProgram of Zhejiang Province, China
文摘Stereoselective transformation of Baylis-Hillman acetates I into corresponding （Z）-allyl iodides 2 has been achieved by treatment of I with samarium triiodide in THF. Remarkable rate acceleration of samarium triiodide-mediated iodination of 1 was found when ionic liquid 1-n-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluroborate （[bmim]BF4） was used as reaction media in stead of THF. This novel approach proceeds readily at 50 ℃ within a few minutes to afford （Z）-allyl iodides 2 in excellent yields. A mechanism involving stereoselective iodination of the acetates of Baylis-Hillman adducts by samarium triiodide is described, in which a six-membered ring transition state played a key role in the stereoselective formation of 2.
文摘The binding energy spectrum and electron momentum distributions for the outer valence orbitals of n-propyl iodide molecule have been measured using the electron momentum spectrometer employing non-coplanar asymmetric geometry at impact energy of 2.5 keV plus binding energy. The ionization bands have been assigned in detail via the high accuracy SACCI general-R method calculation and the experimental momentum profiles are compared with the theoretical ones calculated by Hartree-Fock and B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ（C,H）6-311G？？（I）. The spin-orbit coupling effect and intramolecular orbital interaction have been analyzed for the outermost two bands, which are assigned to the iodine 5p lone pairs, using NBO method and non-relativistic as well as relativistic calculations. It is found that both of the interactions will lead to the observed differences in electron momentum distributions. The experimental results agree with the relativistic theoretical momentum profiles, indicating that the spin-orbit coupling effect dominates in n-propyl iodide molecule.
基金partially supported by the Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 20Z01KLDWST)。
文摘Algal blooms and wastewater effluents can introduce algal organic matter(AOM) and effluent organic matter(Ef OM) into surface waters, respectively. In this study, the impact of bromide and iodide on the formation of halogenated disinfection byproducts(DBPs) during chlorination and chloramination from various types of dissolved organic matter(DOM, e.g., natural organic matter(NOM), AOM, and Ef OM) were investigated based on the data collected from literature. In general, higher formation of trihalomethanes(THMs) and haloacetic acids(HAAs) was observed in NOM than AOM and Ef OM, indicating high reactivities of phenolic moieties with both chlorine and monochloramine. The formation of haloacetaldehydes(HALs), haloacetonitriles(HANs) and haloacetamides(HAMs) was much lower than THMs and HAAs. Increasing initial bromide concentrations increased the formation of THMs, HAAs, HANs, and HAMs, but not HALs. Bromine substitution factor(BSF) values of DBPs formed in chlorination decreased as specific ultraviolet absorbance(SUVA) increased. AOM favored the formation of iodinated THMs(I-THMs) during chloramination using preformed chloramines and chlorination-chloramination processes. Increasing prechlorination time can reduce the I-THM concentrations because of the conversion of iodide to iodate, but this increased the formation of chlorinated and brominated DBPs. In an analogous way, iodine substitution factor(ISF) values of I-THMs formed in chloramination decreased as SUVA values of DOM increased. Compared to chlorination, the formation of noniodinated DBPs is low in chloramination.
基金financially supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 20100006110003)
文摘Gold extraction by iodine-iodide solution is an effective and environment-friendly method. In this study, the method using iodine-iodide for gold leaching is proved feasible through thermodynamic calculation. At the same time, experiments on flotation gold concentrates were carried out and encouraging results were obtained. Through optimizing the technological conditions, the attained high gold leaching rate is more than 85%. The optimum process conditions at 25℃ are shown as follows： the initial iodine concentration is 1.0%, the iodine-to-iodide mole ratio is 1：8, the solution pH value is 7, the liquid-to-solid mass ratio is 4：1, the leaching time is 4 h, the stirring intensity is 200 r/mim, and the hydrogen peroxide consumption is 1%.
基金support of the Guangxi Science Fund For Youth(No.0135003)Guangxi Universities One Hundred Young-middle Scholar Fund for the present work.
文摘A novel flow-injection irreversible biamperometric method is described for the direct determination of iodide. The method is based on electrochemical oxidation of iodide at the gold electrode and the reduction of permanganate at the platinum electrode to form an irreversible biamperometric detection system. Under the applied potential difference of 0 V, in the 0.05 mol/L sulfuric acid, iodidecan be determined over the range 4.00×10^-7-1.00×10^-5 mol/L with a sampling frequency of 120 samples per hour. The detection limit for I- is 3.0×10^-7 mol/L and the RSD for 40 replicate determinations of 4.0×10^-5 mol/L potassium iodide is 1.68%. The new method was applied to the analysis of iodide in table salt with satisfactory results.
文摘Poly（4-vinyl pyridine） supported nanoparticle of copper（Ⅰ） iodide is reported as a green and recyclable catalyst for the regioselective synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted-1H-1,2,3-triazoles from benzyl halides,sodium azide and terminal alkynes in water. This catalyst can be recovered by simple filtration and recycled up to 8 consecutive runs without any loss of its efficiency.
基金supported by Australian Research Council Discovery Project(DP190102252).
文摘The remarkable evolution of metal halide perovskites in the past decade makes them promise for next-generation optoelectronic material.In particular,nanocrystals(NCs)of inorganic perovskites have demonstrated excellent performance for light-emitting and display applications.However,the presence of surface defects on the NCs negatively impacts their performance in devices.Herein,we report a compatible facial post-treatment of CsPbI_(3) nanocrystals using guanidinium iodide(GuI).It is found that the GuI treatment effectively passivated the halide vacancy defects on the surface of the NCs while offering effective surface protection and exciton confinement thanks to the beneficial contribution of iodide and guanidinium cation.As a consequence,the film of treated CsPbI_(3) nanocrystals exhibited significantly enhanced luminescence and charge transport properties,leading to high-performance light-emitting diode with maximum external quantum efficiency of 13.8%with high brightness(peak luminance of 7039 cd m^(−2) and a peak current density of 10.8 cd A^(−1)).The EQE is over threefold higher than performance of untreated device(EQE:3.8%).The operational half-lifetime of the treated devices also was significantly improved with T50 of 20 min(at current density of 25 mA cm^(−2)),outperforming the untreated devices(T50~6 min).
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2016YFA0601304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41830534,41506088).
文摘Methyl iodide(CH3I)is an important trace greenhouse gas in the atmosphere and an ozone-depleting substance.The influence of different environmental factors,such as the duration of illumination;the strength of illumination;the concentrations of humic acid,ferric ion(Fe^3+),and iodide ion(I−);and pH,on the photochemical production of CH3I in artificial seawater(ASW)were tested by simulated solar irradiation.In addition,Yangtze River Estuary waters from inshore to offshore were used to explore the relationship between the photochemical production of CH3I and different sources of dissolved organic matter(DOM)in natural seawater(NSW).The results revealed that higher concentrations of humic acid and I−,as well as higher strengths of illumination and longer illumination durations,promoted the photochemical formation of CH3I in ASW.The addition of Fe^3+accelerated the photochemical production of CH3I,but high concentrations of Fe^3+inhibited the formation of CH3I.Experiments on NSW obtained from the Yangtze River estuary spiked when concentrations of DOM were high,confirming that DOM plays an important role in facilitating the photochemical production of CH3I within the Yangtze River Estuary.The photochemical production of CH3I in the seawater was significantly higher under light conditions relative to dark conditions,indicating that illumination accelerated the production of CH3I.
基金the Gachsaran branch,Islamic Azad University,for the partial support
文摘A simple and efficient method for the selective iodination of various aromatic compounds by using potassium iodide in the presence of benzyltnphenylphosphonium perchlorate,is reported.This method provides several advantages such as good selectivity between ortho and para positions of aromatic compounds and high yields of the products.
文摘Silver iodide nanoclusters were successfully prepared in the channels of mordenite by a heat diffusion method. Powder X ray diffraction, adsorption technique and infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the prepared materials, which showed that the vip silver iodide had been encapsulated in the channels of mordenite. The optical properties of the solid phase diffuse reflectance absorption of nanocomposite material NaM AgI were studied, showing that the absorption bands of the diffuse reflectance absorption of the prepared material moved to the region of high energy. The absorption peak of the material prepared shifted to the region of high energy. Namely, blue shift was caused. This has demonstrated the incorporation of silver iodide into the channels of the zeolite. We observed the luminescence and surface photovoltage spectra of NaM AgI sample, proposing the mechanisms of the photoluminescence and photovoltaic responses.
文摘Here, we present an optimization of colorimetric determination of hydrogen peroxide content in plants using potassium iodide. Our method is based on a one step buffer (extraction and reaction) for the determination of H2O2 in different plant tissues and overcomes interference of soluble antioxidant and color background. A particular attention is paid to buffer pH shown to be tissue dependent. With this inexpensive microplate method, it is possible to analyze 12 experimental samples in about 45 min all in triplicates, with blanks, controls and standard curve.
基金partially supported by grant RD83582201-0 from the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)a USDA grant 2017-68007-26307
文摘Recycling wastewater is becoming more common as communities around the world try to better control their water resources against an increased frequency of either prolonged droughts or intense flooding. For communities in coastal areas, wastewaters may contain elevated levels of bromide（Br^-） and iodide（I^-） from seawater intrusion or high mineral content of source waters. Disinfection of such wastewater is mandatory to prevent the spread of pathogens, however little is known about the toxicity of wastewater after disinfection in the presence of Br^-and I^-. In this study we compared the induction of chronic cytotoxicity in mammalian cells in samples of municipal secondary wastewater effluent amended with elevated levels of Br^-/I^-after disinfection by chlorine, chloramines or ozone to identify which disinfection process generated wastewater with the lowest level of adverse biological response. Chlorination increased mammalian cell cytotoxicity by 5times as compared to non-disinfected controls. Chloramination produced disinfected wastewater that expressed 6.3 times more cytotoxicity than the non-disinfected controls and was 1.3 times more cytotoxic than the chlorinated samples. Ozonation produced wastewater with cytotoxicity comparable to the non-disinfected controls and was at least 4times less cytotoxic than the chlorine disinfected wastewaters. These results indicate that compared to chlorination and chloramination, ozonation of wastewater with high Br^-/Ilevels yielded the lowest mammalian cell cytotoxicity, suggesting its potential as a more favorable method to disinfect wastewater with minimizing the biological toxicity in mind.
基金financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Nos.Y4110532,LQ13B050001,LY12B05003)Professional Development Program for Visiting Scholars from Colleges and Universities in Zhejiang Province(No.FX2013148)+1 种基金Major National Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Special of China(No.2012YQ09022903)Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals of Zhejiang Province
文摘A new stationary phase for iodide ion analysis has been developed. The cationic polymerepichlorohydrin-dimethylamine（PEPI-DMA） was served as modifier in synthesizing polyelectrolyte sorbents and the macroporous polystyrene-divinylbenzene（PS-DVB） resin was used as support. The positively charged polymer（PEPI-DMA） was electrostatically bonded to a negatively charged particle（PS-DVB sulfonated）. The new stationary phase was characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, Fourier transform infrared（FTIR）, elemental analysis, chemical adsorption and desorption measurements. The chromatographic evaluation of the new stationary phase was performed using various anions with a conductivity detector. The new stationary phase was also applied to the determination of iodide directly with a DC amperometric detector using a platinum working electrode and an Ag/Ag Cl reference electrode. The chromatographic conditions were optimized and the eluent solution contained 5 mmol/L HNO3 and 15 mmol/L Na NO3 at a flow rate of 1.0 m L/min and column temperature of 30 8C. The applied voltage of the DC amperometric detector was 0.9 V. Under the optimum conditions, the linear range of the method was 0.2–50 mg/L for iodide ion with a correlation coefficient of 0.9990. The detection limit was 0.05 mg/L（calculated at S/N = 3） and the relative standard deviations（RSD, n = 6） were all less than 1% for retention time, peak area and peak height. This method was also utilized for the determination of iodide ions in samples of povidone iodine solution and kelp samples with satisfactory results.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51278167 and 50978085)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20131374)
文摘The applicability of the rapid iodide migration test was systematically studied. Comparative experimental tests of different test conditions, including several external voltages, test durations, concrete ages and mixing proportions, were carried out to make clear the transport behaviors of iodide under parallel electric fields. Numerical simulations were also done using the finite element method to found the correlation between chloride and iodide transport behaviors. The test and numerical results show that the chloride transport behaviors of RIM and RCM tests have a good correlation under the several conditions used in the present paper. Moreover, the influence of external conditions （external voltages, test durations） on the test results is small. Thus, it can be concluded that the RIM method is available to determine the chloride penetration resistance of the chloride-eroded structural concrete.
基金This work was kindly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42192571 and 21827815).
文摘The removal of iodide(I^(−))from source waters is an effective strategy to minimize the formation of iodinated disinfection by-products(DBPs),which are more toxic than their brominated and chlorinated analogues.In this work,a nanocomposite Ag-D201 was synthesized by multiple in situ reduction of Ag-complex in D201 polymer matrix,to achieve highly efficient removal of iodide from water.Scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectrometer characterization showed that uniform cubic silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)evenly dispersed in the D201 pores.The equilibrium isotherms data for iodide adsorption onto Ag-D201 was well fitted with Langmuir isotherm with the adsorption capacity of 533 mg/g at neutral pH.The adsorption capacity of Ag-D201 increased with the decrease of pH in acidic aqueous solution,and reached themaximum value of 802 mg/g at pH 2.This was attributed to the oxidization of I^(−),by dissolved oxygen under the catalysis of AgNPs,to I2 which was finally adsorbed as AgI3.However,the aqueous solutions at pH 7–11 could hardly affect the iodide adsorption.The adsorption of I^(−)was barely affected by real water matrixes such as competitive anions(SO_(4)^(2−),NO_(3)^(−),HCO3−,Cl^(−))and natural organic matter,of which interference of NOM was offset by the presence of Ca^(2+).The proposed synergistic mechanism for the excellent performance of iodide adsorption by the absorbent was ascribed to the Donnan membrane effect caused by the D201 resin,the chemisorption of I^(−)by AgNPs,and the catalytic effect of AgNPs.
