This review examines human vulnerabilities in cybersecurity within Microfinance Institutions, analyzing their impact on organizational resilience. Focusing on social engineering, inadequate security training, and weak...This review examines human vulnerabilities in cybersecurity within Microfinance Institutions, analyzing their impact on organizational resilience. Focusing on social engineering, inadequate security training, and weak internal protocols, the study identifies key vulnerabilities exacerbating cyber threats to MFIs. A literature review using databases like IEEE Xplore and Google Scholar focused on studies from 2019 to 2023 addressing human factors in cybersecurity specific to MFIs. Analysis of 57 studies reveals that phishing and insider threats are predominant, with a 20% annual increase in phishing attempts. Employee susceptibility to these attacks is heightened by insufficient training, with entry-level employees showing the highest vulnerability rates. Further, only 35% of MFIs offer regular cybersecurity training, significantly impacting incident reduction. This paper recommends enhanced training frequency, robust internal controls, and a cybersecurity-aware culture to mitigate human-induced cyber risks in MFIs.展开更多
With the development of modern society,the functions of administrative institutions and public institutions are constantly evolving.Under the background of comprehensively deepening reform,higher requirements are put ...With the development of modern society,the functions of administrative institutions and public institutions are constantly evolving.Under the background of comprehensively deepening reform,higher requirements are put forward for the financial management of administrative institutions and public institutions.The financial management status of administrative institutions and public institutions will directly affect the quality of public services.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the internal control of financial management.By leveraging the constraints and supervision mechanisms of internal control,the transparency and credibility of financial management can be effectively enhanced.However,in the actual internal control and financial management of administrative institutions and public institutions,there are still some problems,which make it difficult to improve the level of financial management and affect the sustainable development of administrative institutions and public institutions.By analyzing the internal control and financial management of administrative institutions and public institutions under the new situation,this article proposes plans such as strengthening the construction of professional management teams,deeply using information technology means,and improving the internal control system,effectively enhancing the management efficiency of administrative institutions and public institutions and better adapting to the development of the times.展开更多
“Some foreign scholars have proposed that the new institutional economics can unify the social sciences.”Behind the institution is property,and the dual cognition of property is the obstacle.Property dualism comes f...“Some foreign scholars have proposed that the new institutional economics can unify the social sciences.”Behind the institution is property,and the dual cognition of property is the obstacle.Property dualism comes from the thought dualism in the western rationalism tradition.The transcendence of“property dualism”has experienced the stages of“labor value”and“reasonable value”,and the new era has ushered in the opportunity of the third transcendence.In the first two stages,“abundance”and“scarcity”are the root causes of the contradiction in the transcendence of property dualism.Marx’s basic property view of production relations(property relations)unifies the property views of Locke,Hume,and Commons.The three-dimensional property system model developed on the basis of Marx’s complex property view provides a theoretical tool for the third transcendence of property dualism.We have cracked the western rationalism dualism with Marx’s historical materialism and reconciled the property dualism with three-dimensional property system model.By this,we can continue to explore the potential of“institution unifying social sciences”.展开更多
Institutional logic theory,a pivotal framework within organizational studies,delineates the multifaceted and intricate logics that underpin organizational fields.This theoretical perspective elucidates the manner in w...Institutional logic theory,a pivotal framework within organizational studies,delineates the multifaceted and intricate logics that underpin organizational fields.This theoretical perspective elucidates the manner in which diverse individuals or groups within an organization internalize and manifest distinct institutional logics,alongside the ensuing political and cultural conflicts.Furthermore,the theory endeavors to elucidate the complexities inherent in institutional logic across organizational fields,examining the reflection of these logics among various individuals or groups and their associated political and cultural dichotomies.Central to this discourse is the acknowledgment of the core systems that constitute the fabric of a country,encompassing the state,market,familial structures,corporate entities,professional bodies,and religious institutions.These components not only coexist with inherent conflicts but also exhibit a high degree of interdependence,underlined by their shared institutional logics.This literature attempts to review and analysis institutional logic in the field of entrepreneurship and integrates institutional logic into entrepreneurs’personal background,experience,and other social characteristics,and study how institutional logic operates.It is recommended that future researchers take entrepreneurs as the research object and conduct more in-depth research on the evolution of organizational response strategies when political and cultural conflicts occur between different groups within the enterprise,combined with institutional logic theory.展开更多
Monitoring adverse drug reactions(ADRs)in primary medical institutions is crucial to ensuring medication safety.Currently,this work faces difficulties such as insufficient professional ability of staff,imperfect monit...Monitoring adverse drug reactions(ADRs)in primary medical institutions is crucial to ensuring medication safety.Currently,this work faces difficulties such as insufficient professional ability of staff,imperfect monitoring systems,and low patient awareness.It is necessary to improve the level of ADR monitoring at the grassroots level and ensure the safety and effectiveness of medication through countermeasures such as strengthening personnel training,optimizing monitoring processes,and raising public awareness.展开更多
The integration of digital tools and effective knowledge management practices is critical for enhancing administrative efficiency and institutional continuity in higher education. This study investigates the relations...The integration of digital tools and effective knowledge management practices is critical for enhancing administrative efficiency and institutional continuity in higher education. This study investigates the relationships between knowledge modeling, institutional memory, leadership styles, technology, and administrative efficiency at the University of Cape Coast (UCC). The study sought to identify the challenges and opportunities in integrating digital tools into administrative processes and to provide actionable recommendations for improvement. A mixed-methods research design was employed, combining quantitative analysis using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with qualitative thematic analysis of interviews. The findings revealed key challenges, including resistance to change, fragmented knowledge repositories, and inadequate funding, alongside opportunities such as centralized knowledge systems, cost-effective open-source tools, and capacity-building initiatives. The study highlights the importance of strategic leadership, robust policies, and investments in digital infrastructure to enhance administrative practices. Policy implications include the need for clear digital transformation guidelines and leadership training to foster innovation and collaboration. Recommendations include investing in scalable digital tools, implementing comprehensive capacity-building programs, and promoting stakeholder engagement to drive successful digital integration. These insights provide a roadmap for UCC and similar institutions seeking to optimize administrative efficiency through digital transformation.展开更多
Objective:To explore the intervention value of the medical institution prescription review mechanism on the rationality of Western medicine use.Methods:A total of 159 patients(with 159 western medicine prescriptions)a...Objective:To explore the intervention value of the medical institution prescription review mechanism on the rationality of Western medicine use.Methods:A total of 159 patients(with 159 western medicine prescriptions)admitted to the hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected and divided into an observation group(n=80,adopting the medical institution prescription review mechanism)and a control group(n=79,without prescription review)based on the random number table method.A comparative analysis was conducted on the work quality of medical personnel,irrational prescription drug use,and prescription drug dispensing situations.Results:The work quality of medical personnel in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of irrational prescription drug use in the observation group(22.50%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(7.59%)(P<0.05).The observation group had fewer types of prescribed drugs,lower usage rates of injections and antibiotics,and a significantly higher usage rate of national essential drugs compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The prescription review mechanism can significantly improve the work quality of medical personnel,increase the detection rate of irrational drug use,reduce the types of prescription drugs and the use of injections and antibiotics,and promote the standardized application of national essential drugs,which has important intervention value.展开更多
Ideological and political education in higher education institutions is currently facing the practical challenge of discourse transformation.Traditional theoretical indoctrination models are unable to effectively alig...Ideological and political education in higher education institutions is currently facing the practical challenge of discourse transformation.Traditional theoretical indoctrination models are unable to effectively align with the cognitive characteristics and acceptance habits of young people.With the profound changes in the media ecosystem,the ideological and political discourse system urgently needs to transition from a one-way communication model to an interactive dialogue model.This paper focuses on the bidirectional construction logic of“concise extraction”and“concise dissemination,”revealing the innovative characteristics of the ideological and political discourse system in content creation,dissemination methods,and talent cultivation mechanisms under the new era.It provides new theoretical perspectives and practical reference frameworks for addressing the challenges of insufficient effectiveness in ideological and political education.展开更多
Purpose:This study investigates key factors contributing to research impact and their interactions with the Research Impact Quintuple Helix Model by Arsalan et al.(2024).Design/methodology/approach:Using data from a g...Purpose:This study investigates key factors contributing to research impact and their interactions with the Research Impact Quintuple Helix Model by Arsalan et al.(2024).Design/methodology/approach:Using data from a global survey of 630 scientists across diverse disciplines,genders,regions,and experience levels,Structural Equation Modelling(SEM)was employed to assess the influence of 29 factors related to researcher characteristics,research attributes,publication strategies,institutional support,and national roles.Findings:The study validated the Quintuple Helix Model,uncovering complex interdependencies.Institutional support significantly affects research impact by covering leadership,resources,recognition,and funding.Researcher attributes,including academic experience and domain knowledge,also play a crucial role.National socioeconomic conditions indirectly influence research impact by supporting institutions,underscoring the importance of conducive national frameworks.Research limitations:While the study offers valuable insights,it has limitations.Although statistically sufficient,the response rate was below 10%,suggesting that the findings may not fully represent the entire global research community.The reliance on self-reported data may also introduce bias,as perceptions of impact can be subjective.Practical implications:The findings have a significant impact on researchers aiming to enhance their work’s societal,economic,and cultural significance,institutions seeking supportive environments,and policymakers interested in creating favourable national conditions for impactful research.The study advocates for a strategic alignment among national policies,institutional practices,and individual researcher efforts to maximise research impact and effectively address global challenges.Originality/value:By empirically validating the Research Impact Quintuple Helix Model,this study offers a holistic framework for understanding the synergy of factors that drive impactful research.展开更多
Public institutions constitute a vital component of China’s public service system,playing a significant functional role in the nation’s social development and construction.Human resource(HR)management is a vital com...Public institutions constitute a vital component of China’s public service system,playing a significant functional role in the nation’s social development and construction.Human resource(HR)management is a vital component of internal administration within these institutions.The integration of performance appraisal is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of HR management and facilitating the smooth operation of all institutional functions.Based on this premise,this article first briefly outlines the value of applying performance appraisal in the HR management of public institutions.It then explores strategies for implementing performance appraisal within this context,aiming to provide insights for promoting the sustained and healthy development of public institutions.展开更多
The sustainability of environmental management initiatives,such as watershed management programs,relies on the presence of effective institutions at the watershed level.However,there needs to be more empirical evidenc...The sustainability of environmental management initiatives,such as watershed management programs,relies on the presence of effective institutions at the watershed level.However,there needs to be more empirical evidence from evaluating the effectiveness of watershed-level institutions.Therefore,this study presents a pioneering effort to evaluate the effectiveness of Nepal’s first watershed conservation committee at the watershed scale,focusing on the case of the Khageri Khola watershed in Central Nepal.The study involved conducting a household survey,key informant interviews,focus group discussions,and field observations to collect and analyze the data.Descriptive analysis,index value calculation,and chi-square statistics were then employed to summarize the results regarding local respondents’perceptions of twelve institutional characteristics,their rationalities,and their association with socio-demographic variables.The results reveal that the watershed conservation committee was perceived as performing well in managing the watershed.Specifically,good interaction,appropriate scale,technical,environmental,social,organizational,and government rationality were perceived as highly effective,with an average index value of less than 0.36.In contrast,clarity of objectives and economic rationality showed moderate effectiveness,with an average index value ranging from 0.36 to 0.65.However,the results suggested that adaptiveness,compliance capacity,and financial rationality merit increased attention,intending to improve their performance.Further,the results showed the association of socio-demographics with respondents’perceptions of various indicators of institutional characteristics and their rationalities.Therefore,the study provides valuable insights for policymakers,researchers,and development practitioners charged with designing sustainable and effective programs and institutions.To enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of watershed management programs,we recommend establishing a policy-guided institutional mechanism at the watershed scale.This mechanism should be based on various institutional characteristics and rationalities and should consider the extant variability in the socio-demographic and topographic characteristics of the watershed.展开更多
Purpose:The quantitative rankings of over 55,000 institutions and their institutional programs are based on the individual rankings of approximately 30 million scholars determined by their productivity,impact,and qual...Purpose:The quantitative rankings of over 55,000 institutions and their institutional programs are based on the individual rankings of approximately 30 million scholars determined by their productivity,impact,and quality.Design/methodology/approach:The institutional ranking process developed here considers all institutions in all countries and regions,thereby including those that are established,as well as those that are emerging in scholarly prowess.Rankings of individual scholars worldwide are first generated using the recently introduced,fully indexed ScholarGPS database.The rankings of individual scholars are extended here to determine the lifetime and last-five-year Top 20 rankings of academic institutions over all Fields of scholarly endeavor,in 14 individual Fields,in 177 Disciplines,and in approximately 350,000 unique Specialties.Rankings associated with five specific Fields(Medicine,Engineering&Computer Science,Life Sciences,Physical Sciences&Mathematics,and Social Sciences),and in two Disciplines(Chemistry,and Electrical&Computer Engineering)are presented as examples,and changes in the rankings over time are discussed.Findings:For the Fields considered here,the Top 20 institutional rankings in Medicine have undergone the least change(lifetime versus last five years),while the rankings in Engineering&Computer Science have exhibited significant change.The evolution of institutional rankings over time is largely attributed to the recent emergence of Chinese academic institutions,although this emergence is shown to be highly Field-and Discipline-dependent.Practical implementations:Existing rankings of academic institutions have:(i)often been restricted to pre-selected institutions,clouding the potential discovery of scholarly activity in emerging institutions and countries;(ii)considered only broad areas of research,limiting the ability of university leadership to act on the assessments in a concrete manner,or in contrast;(iii)have considered only a narrow area of research for comparison,diminishing the broader applicability and impact of the assessment.In general,existing institutional rankings depend on which institutions are included in the ranking process,which areas of research are considered,the breadth(or granularity)of the research areas of interest,and the methodologies used to define and quantify research performance.In contrast,the methods presented here can provide important data over a broad range of granularity to allow responsible individuals to gauge the performance of any institution from the Overall(all Fields)level,to the level of the Specialty.The methods may also assist identification of the root causes of shifts in institution rankings,and how these shifts vary across hundreds of thousands of Fields,Disciplines,and Specialties of scholarly endeavor.Originality/value:This study provides the first ranking of all academic institutions worldwide over Fields,Disciplines,and Specialties based on a unique methodology that quantifies the productivity,impact,and quality of individual scholars.展开更多
The Coastal Zone Management Act was finally promulgated in 2015,while Ministry of the Interior was asked to draft a coastal management act in 1991 by Executive Yuan.It was until the government’s lifting of martial la...The Coastal Zone Management Act was finally promulgated in 2015,while Ministry of the Interior was asked to draft a coastal management act in 1991 by Executive Yuan.It was until the government’s lifting of martial law in 1987,vigorous activities started prevailing on coastal areas.And relevant legal documents were on sea reclamation for development in the 1980’s by Council of Agriculture.The approval of“Taiwan Coastal Area Natural Environment Protection Plan”showed an era of environmental protection in 1980s.However,it was surely not market driven,similar to land development,but some efforts by the administration systems.Through all the years,the efforts were put on drafting plans and these efforts were not quite sounding.The coastal disasters and further climate change caught the attention of relevant NGOs,scholars,politicians,and the society.At the critical juncture the government was made to react to outside demands.And then the Coastal Zone Management Act was passed by Legislative Yuan,establishing an integrated coastal management system in Taiwan,China.As such,it is proposed to look into this long process of the attempt with the concept of institutional change in order to understand this coastal environmental preservation and protection issue in a broader scope.展开更多
This study was conducted to identify the number and density of active licensed acupuncturists(LAcs),as well as the number of accredited schools in acupuncture and Oriental medicine(AOM),as of January 1,2023,in the Uni...This study was conducted to identify the number and density of active licensed acupuncturists(LAcs),as well as the number of accredited schools in acupuncture and Oriental medicine(AOM),as of January 1,2023,in the United States(U.S.).The number of active LAcs as of January 1,2023 was 34,524,potentially33,364 after removing license duplication in multiple states,among which the largest three states were California(with 7317 LAcs[21.19%of the total]),New York(5024[14.55%])and Florida(2644[7.66%]).The total number of LAcs decreased by 8.87%from 2018,and fell short of our projected number of LAcs in 2023 by 9037,or 20.75%.The overall LAc density in the U.S.Dmeasured as the number of LAcs per 100,000 populationDwas 10.36,less than in 2018.There were 56 active,accredited AOM schools which offered a total of 147 programs(121 at the level necessary for licensing[entry-level],12 for an advanced practicing degree[advanced-level],and 14 for certifications).Broken down further,offerings included 50 master's degrees in acupuncture,40 master's degrees in Oriental medicine,31 entry-level doctorate degrees(10 in acupuncture and 21 in acupuncture plus Chinese herbal medicine),and 12advanced-level doctorate degrees in AOM.The certification programs included one in East-Asian Medical Bodywork and 13 in CHM.Among these schools in 2023,institutions in the West and East Coast states comprised 67.86%(decreased from 77.42%in 2018)of the national total.California,Florida and Illinois represented 39.29%.There were 48 jurisdictions with acupuncture practice laws in place.The data suggests that the acupuncture profession in the U.S.has been significantly impacted during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.展开更多
Medical institution data compliance is an exogenous product of the digital society,serving as a crucial means to maintain and balance the relationship between data protection and data sharing,as well as individual int...Medical institution data compliance is an exogenous product of the digital society,serving as a crucial means to maintain and balance the relationship between data protection and data sharing,as well as individual interests and public interests.The implementation of the Healthy China Initiative greatly benefits from its practical significance.In practice,data from medical institutions takes varied forms,including personally identifiable data collected before diagnosis and treatment,clinical medical data generated during diagnosis and treatment,medical data collected in public health management,and potential medical data generated in daily life.In the new journey of comprehensively promoting the Chinese path to modernization,it is necessary to clarify the shift from an individual-oriented to a societal-oriented value system,highlighting the reinforcing role of the trust concept.Guided by the principle of minimizing data utilization,the focus is on the new developments and changes in medical institution data in the postpandemic era.This involves a series of measures such as fulfilling the obligation of notification and consent,specifying the scope of data collection and usage,strengthening the standardized use of relevant technical measures,and establishing a sound legal responsibility system for data compliance.Through these measures,a flexible and efficient medical institution data compliance system can be constructed.展开更多
New research and development(R&D)institutions are an important part of the national innovation system,playing an important role in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.In recen...New research and development(R&D)institutions are an important part of the national innovation system,playing an important role in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.In recent years,new R&D institutions have gradually become the driving force of innovation-driven development in China.Taking new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province as the research object,this paper studies the internal talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province by using the literature research method,comparison method,case verification method,and other methods.The investigation results show that there are problems such as lack of material and spiritual support and neglect of the absorption of local talents in the internal talent training,and there are problems such as unclear standards,insufficient data,and opaque processes in the performance evaluation mechanism,which greatly affect the establishment and improvement of the performance evaluation mechanism.Given the above problems,this paper puts forward a forward-looking,oriented,flexible,and compatible talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism,hoping to optimize the effective internal talent training path of new R&D institutions,improve the evaluation performance,and promote healthy development of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province.展开更多
The value of system assimilation is to improve working relationships between tutors and learners while increasing workflow efficiency among tertiary institutions with low operational costs. E-skills could be described...The value of system assimilation is to improve working relationships between tutors and learners while increasing workflow efficiency among tertiary institutions with low operational costs. E-skills could be described as electronic education development, to assist ICT professionals to reach their future career goals and aim to help users boost their ICT skills. In a society that is expanding, it is also a crucial issue to take into account. Researchers have turned their attention to this topic because of its significance and contribution to the empowerment of graduates in digital education. Many scholars have proposed many methods for integrating e-skills into society with impressive results, but the rising rate of graduate unemployment in South Africa is gradually becoming a big worry in our society. A model based on Activity Theory (AT) and e-skills will be developed in our tertiary institution to equip graduates with skills that will increase their employability and provide more individualized work opportunities as part of this study’s effort to solve this issue. With the use of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Cronbach’s Alpha for validity and reliability testing, the study will create an experimental performance to assess the approach taken to measure e-skills in tertiary institutions to empower graduates in South Africa. The study established that system development and e-skilled models for tertiary institutions are growing gradually, especially in South African institutions, that empower graduates with profitable employability with experiences to improve work operation in the industries. In conclusion, system development and e-skills are very demanding but important to empower graduate employability to determine competency in the professional workforce.展开更多
Final year project is an important training and assessment component incorporated in many courses of academic institution.The ability to translate ideas,research,and creativity into actual products,services,or busines...Final year project is an important training and assessment component incorporated in many courses of academic institution.The ability to translate ideas,research,and creativity into actual products,services,or businesses shows how successful and impactful people or institutions can be in the wider economy.However,in most of the cases,the outcomes of the final year project usually remain as academic discussion without maximizing their potential to be converted into a commercialized product or services.In this review,theory and applications are discussed to understand how entrepreneurial skills and networking abilities,components of individuals’human capital can impact the commercialisation of final year projects.Furthermore,determinants affecting commercialization of final year projects will also be explored namely:entrepreneurial skills,networking ability,access to resources,institutional support as well as creativity and innovation.展开更多
To understand the current situation of institutional registration in Shaanxi Province after the implementation ofregistration system management in drug clinical trial institutions.Relevant information was collected on...To understand the current situation of institutional registration in Shaanxi Province after the implementation ofregistration system management in drug clinical trial institutions.Relevant information was collected on the“Announcement on the Accreditation of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions”issued by the National Medical Products Administration from 2005 to August 2022,the record management information system of drug and medical device clinical trial institutions,and the drug clinical trial registration and information publicity platform.A retrospective analysis was carried out in terms of institutional development,regional distribution,registered majors,principal investigators,and the number of drug clinical trials.After the implementation of institution registration,the number of drug clinical trial institutions in Shaanxi Province increased by 47.4%,884 principal investigators were registered,the number of registered majors expanded from 58 qualified to 117,and the professional scope increased by 50.4%.The policy of institution registration is conducive to promoting the rational use of medical resources and the development of drug clinical trial institutions and improving the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry in Shaanxi Province.展开更多
文摘This review examines human vulnerabilities in cybersecurity within Microfinance Institutions, analyzing their impact on organizational resilience. Focusing on social engineering, inadequate security training, and weak internal protocols, the study identifies key vulnerabilities exacerbating cyber threats to MFIs. A literature review using databases like IEEE Xplore and Google Scholar focused on studies from 2019 to 2023 addressing human factors in cybersecurity specific to MFIs. Analysis of 57 studies reveals that phishing and insider threats are predominant, with a 20% annual increase in phishing attempts. Employee susceptibility to these attacks is heightened by insufficient training, with entry-level employees showing the highest vulnerability rates. Further, only 35% of MFIs offer regular cybersecurity training, significantly impacting incident reduction. This paper recommends enhanced training frequency, robust internal controls, and a cybersecurity-aware culture to mitigate human-induced cyber risks in MFIs.
文摘With the development of modern society,the functions of administrative institutions and public institutions are constantly evolving.Under the background of comprehensively deepening reform,higher requirements are put forward for the financial management of administrative institutions and public institutions.The financial management status of administrative institutions and public institutions will directly affect the quality of public services.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the internal control of financial management.By leveraging the constraints and supervision mechanisms of internal control,the transparency and credibility of financial management can be effectively enhanced.However,in the actual internal control and financial management of administrative institutions and public institutions,there are still some problems,which make it difficult to improve the level of financial management and affect the sustainable development of administrative institutions and public institutions.By analyzing the internal control and financial management of administrative institutions and public institutions under the new situation,this article proposes plans such as strengthening the construction of professional management teams,deeply using information technology means,and improving the internal control system,effectively enhancing the management efficiency of administrative institutions and public institutions and better adapting to the development of the times.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China:“Research on the Philosophy of Property System of Modernization of China’s National Governance System and Governance Capacity”(Project Number:20BZX025).
文摘“Some foreign scholars have proposed that the new institutional economics can unify the social sciences.”Behind the institution is property,and the dual cognition of property is the obstacle.Property dualism comes from the thought dualism in the western rationalism tradition.The transcendence of“property dualism”has experienced the stages of“labor value”and“reasonable value”,and the new era has ushered in the opportunity of the third transcendence.In the first two stages,“abundance”and“scarcity”are the root causes of the contradiction in the transcendence of property dualism.Marx’s basic property view of production relations(property relations)unifies the property views of Locke,Hume,and Commons.The three-dimensional property system model developed on the basis of Marx’s complex property view provides a theoretical tool for the third transcendence of property dualism.We have cracked the western rationalism dualism with Marx’s historical materialism and reconciled the property dualism with three-dimensional property system model.By this,we can continue to explore the potential of“institution unifying social sciences”.
文摘Institutional logic theory,a pivotal framework within organizational studies,delineates the multifaceted and intricate logics that underpin organizational fields.This theoretical perspective elucidates the manner in which diverse individuals or groups within an organization internalize and manifest distinct institutional logics,alongside the ensuing political and cultural conflicts.Furthermore,the theory endeavors to elucidate the complexities inherent in institutional logic across organizational fields,examining the reflection of these logics among various individuals or groups and their associated political and cultural dichotomies.Central to this discourse is the acknowledgment of the core systems that constitute the fabric of a country,encompassing the state,market,familial structures,corporate entities,professional bodies,and religious institutions.These components not only coexist with inherent conflicts but also exhibit a high degree of interdependence,underlined by their shared institutional logics.This literature attempts to review and analysis institutional logic in the field of entrepreneurship and integrates institutional logic into entrepreneurs’personal background,experience,and other social characteristics,and study how institutional logic operates.It is recommended that future researchers take entrepreneurs as the research object and conduct more in-depth research on the evolution of organizational response strategies when political and cultural conflicts occur between different groups within the enterprise,combined with institutional logic theory.
文摘Monitoring adverse drug reactions(ADRs)in primary medical institutions is crucial to ensuring medication safety.Currently,this work faces difficulties such as insufficient professional ability of staff,imperfect monitoring systems,and low patient awareness.It is necessary to improve the level of ADR monitoring at the grassroots level and ensure the safety and effectiveness of medication through countermeasures such as strengthening personnel training,optimizing monitoring processes,and raising public awareness.
文摘The integration of digital tools and effective knowledge management practices is critical for enhancing administrative efficiency and institutional continuity in higher education. This study investigates the relationships between knowledge modeling, institutional memory, leadership styles, technology, and administrative efficiency at the University of Cape Coast (UCC). The study sought to identify the challenges and opportunities in integrating digital tools into administrative processes and to provide actionable recommendations for improvement. A mixed-methods research design was employed, combining quantitative analysis using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with qualitative thematic analysis of interviews. The findings revealed key challenges, including resistance to change, fragmented knowledge repositories, and inadequate funding, alongside opportunities such as centralized knowledge systems, cost-effective open-source tools, and capacity-building initiatives. The study highlights the importance of strategic leadership, robust policies, and investments in digital infrastructure to enhance administrative practices. Policy implications include the need for clear digital transformation guidelines and leadership training to foster innovation and collaboration. Recommendations include investing in scalable digital tools, implementing comprehensive capacity-building programs, and promoting stakeholder engagement to drive successful digital integration. These insights provide a roadmap for UCC and similar institutions seeking to optimize administrative efficiency through digital transformation.
文摘Objective:To explore the intervention value of the medical institution prescription review mechanism on the rationality of Western medicine use.Methods:A total of 159 patients(with 159 western medicine prescriptions)admitted to the hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected and divided into an observation group(n=80,adopting the medical institution prescription review mechanism)and a control group(n=79,without prescription review)based on the random number table method.A comparative analysis was conducted on the work quality of medical personnel,irrational prescription drug use,and prescription drug dispensing situations.Results:The work quality of medical personnel in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of irrational prescription drug use in the observation group(22.50%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(7.59%)(P<0.05).The observation group had fewer types of prescribed drugs,lower usage rates of injections and antibiotics,and a significantly higher usage rate of national essential drugs compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The prescription review mechanism can significantly improve the work quality of medical personnel,increase the detection rate of irrational drug use,reduce the types of prescription drugs and the use of injections and antibiotics,and promote the standardized application of national essential drugs,which has important intervention value.
文摘Ideological and political education in higher education institutions is currently facing the practical challenge of discourse transformation.Traditional theoretical indoctrination models are unable to effectively align with the cognitive characteristics and acceptance habits of young people.With the profound changes in the media ecosystem,the ideological and political discourse system urgently needs to transition from a one-way communication model to an interactive dialogue model.This paper focuses on the bidirectional construction logic of“concise extraction”and“concise dissemination,”revealing the innovative characteristics of the ideological and political discourse system in content creation,dissemination methods,and talent cultivation mechanisms under the new era.It provides new theoretical perspectives and practical reference frameworks for addressing the challenges of insufficient effectiveness in ideological and political education.
基金approved by our institutional Research Ethics Committee(HREC Approval Number H13554).
文摘Purpose:This study investigates key factors contributing to research impact and their interactions with the Research Impact Quintuple Helix Model by Arsalan et al.(2024).Design/methodology/approach:Using data from a global survey of 630 scientists across diverse disciplines,genders,regions,and experience levels,Structural Equation Modelling(SEM)was employed to assess the influence of 29 factors related to researcher characteristics,research attributes,publication strategies,institutional support,and national roles.Findings:The study validated the Quintuple Helix Model,uncovering complex interdependencies.Institutional support significantly affects research impact by covering leadership,resources,recognition,and funding.Researcher attributes,including academic experience and domain knowledge,also play a crucial role.National socioeconomic conditions indirectly influence research impact by supporting institutions,underscoring the importance of conducive national frameworks.Research limitations:While the study offers valuable insights,it has limitations.Although statistically sufficient,the response rate was below 10%,suggesting that the findings may not fully represent the entire global research community.The reliance on self-reported data may also introduce bias,as perceptions of impact can be subjective.Practical implications:The findings have a significant impact on researchers aiming to enhance their work’s societal,economic,and cultural significance,institutions seeking supportive environments,and policymakers interested in creating favourable national conditions for impactful research.The study advocates for a strategic alignment among national policies,institutional practices,and individual researcher efforts to maximise research impact and effectively address global challenges.Originality/value:By empirically validating the Research Impact Quintuple Helix Model,this study offers a holistic framework for understanding the synergy of factors that drive impactful research.
文摘Public institutions constitute a vital component of China’s public service system,playing a significant functional role in the nation’s social development and construction.Human resource(HR)management is a vital component of internal administration within these institutions.The integration of performance appraisal is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of HR management and facilitating the smooth operation of all institutional functions.Based on this premise,this article first briefly outlines the value of applying performance appraisal in the HR management of public institutions.It then explores strategies for implementing performance appraisal within this context,aiming to provide insights for promoting the sustained and healthy development of public institutions.
文摘The sustainability of environmental management initiatives,such as watershed management programs,relies on the presence of effective institutions at the watershed level.However,there needs to be more empirical evidence from evaluating the effectiveness of watershed-level institutions.Therefore,this study presents a pioneering effort to evaluate the effectiveness of Nepal’s first watershed conservation committee at the watershed scale,focusing on the case of the Khageri Khola watershed in Central Nepal.The study involved conducting a household survey,key informant interviews,focus group discussions,and field observations to collect and analyze the data.Descriptive analysis,index value calculation,and chi-square statistics were then employed to summarize the results regarding local respondents’perceptions of twelve institutional characteristics,their rationalities,and their association with socio-demographic variables.The results reveal that the watershed conservation committee was perceived as performing well in managing the watershed.Specifically,good interaction,appropriate scale,technical,environmental,social,organizational,and government rationality were perceived as highly effective,with an average index value of less than 0.36.In contrast,clarity of objectives and economic rationality showed moderate effectiveness,with an average index value ranging from 0.36 to 0.65.However,the results suggested that adaptiveness,compliance capacity,and financial rationality merit increased attention,intending to improve their performance.Further,the results showed the association of socio-demographics with respondents’perceptions of various indicators of institutional characteristics and their rationalities.Therefore,the study provides valuable insights for policymakers,researchers,and development practitioners charged with designing sustainable and effective programs and institutions.To enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of watershed management programs,we recommend establishing a policy-guided institutional mechanism at the watershed scale.This mechanism should be based on various institutional characteristics and rationalities and should consider the extant variability in the socio-demographic and topographic characteristics of the watershed.
文摘Purpose:The quantitative rankings of over 55,000 institutions and their institutional programs are based on the individual rankings of approximately 30 million scholars determined by their productivity,impact,and quality.Design/methodology/approach:The institutional ranking process developed here considers all institutions in all countries and regions,thereby including those that are established,as well as those that are emerging in scholarly prowess.Rankings of individual scholars worldwide are first generated using the recently introduced,fully indexed ScholarGPS database.The rankings of individual scholars are extended here to determine the lifetime and last-five-year Top 20 rankings of academic institutions over all Fields of scholarly endeavor,in 14 individual Fields,in 177 Disciplines,and in approximately 350,000 unique Specialties.Rankings associated with five specific Fields(Medicine,Engineering&Computer Science,Life Sciences,Physical Sciences&Mathematics,and Social Sciences),and in two Disciplines(Chemistry,and Electrical&Computer Engineering)are presented as examples,and changes in the rankings over time are discussed.Findings:For the Fields considered here,the Top 20 institutional rankings in Medicine have undergone the least change(lifetime versus last five years),while the rankings in Engineering&Computer Science have exhibited significant change.The evolution of institutional rankings over time is largely attributed to the recent emergence of Chinese academic institutions,although this emergence is shown to be highly Field-and Discipline-dependent.Practical implementations:Existing rankings of academic institutions have:(i)often been restricted to pre-selected institutions,clouding the potential discovery of scholarly activity in emerging institutions and countries;(ii)considered only broad areas of research,limiting the ability of university leadership to act on the assessments in a concrete manner,or in contrast;(iii)have considered only a narrow area of research for comparison,diminishing the broader applicability and impact of the assessment.In general,existing institutional rankings depend on which institutions are included in the ranking process,which areas of research are considered,the breadth(or granularity)of the research areas of interest,and the methodologies used to define and quantify research performance.In contrast,the methods presented here can provide important data over a broad range of granularity to allow responsible individuals to gauge the performance of any institution from the Overall(all Fields)level,to the level of the Specialty.The methods may also assist identification of the root causes of shifts in institution rankings,and how these shifts vary across hundreds of thousands of Fields,Disciplines,and Specialties of scholarly endeavor.Originality/value:This study provides the first ranking of all academic institutions worldwide over Fields,Disciplines,and Specialties based on a unique methodology that quantifies the productivity,impact,and quality of individual scholars.
文摘The Coastal Zone Management Act was finally promulgated in 2015,while Ministry of the Interior was asked to draft a coastal management act in 1991 by Executive Yuan.It was until the government’s lifting of martial law in 1987,vigorous activities started prevailing on coastal areas.And relevant legal documents were on sea reclamation for development in the 1980’s by Council of Agriculture.The approval of“Taiwan Coastal Area Natural Environment Protection Plan”showed an era of environmental protection in 1980s.However,it was surely not market driven,similar to land development,but some efforts by the administration systems.Through all the years,the efforts were put on drafting plans and these efforts were not quite sounding.The coastal disasters and further climate change caught the attention of relevant NGOs,scholars,politicians,and the society.At the critical juncture the government was made to react to outside demands.And then the Coastal Zone Management Act was passed by Legislative Yuan,establishing an integrated coastal management system in Taiwan,China.As such,it is proposed to look into this long process of the attempt with the concept of institutional change in order to understand this coastal environmental preservation and protection issue in a broader scope.
文摘This study was conducted to identify the number and density of active licensed acupuncturists(LAcs),as well as the number of accredited schools in acupuncture and Oriental medicine(AOM),as of January 1,2023,in the United States(U.S.).The number of active LAcs as of January 1,2023 was 34,524,potentially33,364 after removing license duplication in multiple states,among which the largest three states were California(with 7317 LAcs[21.19%of the total]),New York(5024[14.55%])and Florida(2644[7.66%]).The total number of LAcs decreased by 8.87%from 2018,and fell short of our projected number of LAcs in 2023 by 9037,or 20.75%.The overall LAc density in the U.S.Dmeasured as the number of LAcs per 100,000 populationDwas 10.36,less than in 2018.There were 56 active,accredited AOM schools which offered a total of 147 programs(121 at the level necessary for licensing[entry-level],12 for an advanced practicing degree[advanced-level],and 14 for certifications).Broken down further,offerings included 50 master's degrees in acupuncture,40 master's degrees in Oriental medicine,31 entry-level doctorate degrees(10 in acupuncture and 21 in acupuncture plus Chinese herbal medicine),and 12advanced-level doctorate degrees in AOM.The certification programs included one in East-Asian Medical Bodywork and 13 in CHM.Among these schools in 2023,institutions in the West and East Coast states comprised 67.86%(decreased from 77.42%in 2018)of the national total.California,Florida and Illinois represented 39.29%.There were 48 jurisdictions with acupuncture practice laws in place.The data suggests that the acupuncture profession in the U.S.has been significantly impacted during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
文摘Medical institution data compliance is an exogenous product of the digital society,serving as a crucial means to maintain and balance the relationship between data protection and data sharing,as well as individual interests and public interests.The implementation of the Healthy China Initiative greatly benefits from its practical significance.In practice,data from medical institutions takes varied forms,including personally identifiable data collected before diagnosis and treatment,clinical medical data generated during diagnosis and treatment,medical data collected in public health management,and potential medical data generated in daily life.In the new journey of comprehensively promoting the Chinese path to modernization,it is necessary to clarify the shift from an individual-oriented to a societal-oriented value system,highlighting the reinforcing role of the trust concept.Guided by the principle of minimizing data utilization,the focus is on the new developments and changes in medical institution data in the postpandemic era.This involves a series of measures such as fulfilling the obligation of notification and consent,specifying the scope of data collection and usage,strengthening the standardized use of relevant technical measures,and establishing a sound legal responsibility system for data compliance.Through these measures,a flexible and efficient medical institution data compliance system can be constructed.
文摘New research and development(R&D)institutions are an important part of the national innovation system,playing an important role in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.In recent years,new R&D institutions have gradually become the driving force of innovation-driven development in China.Taking new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province as the research object,this paper studies the internal talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province by using the literature research method,comparison method,case verification method,and other methods.The investigation results show that there are problems such as lack of material and spiritual support and neglect of the absorption of local talents in the internal talent training,and there are problems such as unclear standards,insufficient data,and opaque processes in the performance evaluation mechanism,which greatly affect the establishment and improvement of the performance evaluation mechanism.Given the above problems,this paper puts forward a forward-looking,oriented,flexible,and compatible talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism,hoping to optimize the effective internal talent training path of new R&D institutions,improve the evaluation performance,and promote healthy development of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province.
文摘The value of system assimilation is to improve working relationships between tutors and learners while increasing workflow efficiency among tertiary institutions with low operational costs. E-skills could be described as electronic education development, to assist ICT professionals to reach their future career goals and aim to help users boost their ICT skills. In a society that is expanding, it is also a crucial issue to take into account. Researchers have turned their attention to this topic because of its significance and contribution to the empowerment of graduates in digital education. Many scholars have proposed many methods for integrating e-skills into society with impressive results, but the rising rate of graduate unemployment in South Africa is gradually becoming a big worry in our society. A model based on Activity Theory (AT) and e-skills will be developed in our tertiary institution to equip graduates with skills that will increase their employability and provide more individualized work opportunities as part of this study’s effort to solve this issue. With the use of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Cronbach’s Alpha for validity and reliability testing, the study will create an experimental performance to assess the approach taken to measure e-skills in tertiary institutions to empower graduates in South Africa. The study established that system development and e-skilled models for tertiary institutions are growing gradually, especially in South African institutions, that empower graduates with profitable employability with experiences to improve work operation in the industries. In conclusion, system development and e-skills are very demanding but important to empower graduate employability to determine competency in the professional workforce.
文摘Final year project is an important training and assessment component incorporated in many courses of academic institution.The ability to translate ideas,research,and creativity into actual products,services,or businesses shows how successful and impactful people or institutions can be in the wider economy.However,in most of the cases,the outcomes of the final year project usually remain as academic discussion without maximizing their potential to be converted into a commercialized product or services.In this review,theory and applications are discussed to understand how entrepreneurial skills and networking abilities,components of individuals’human capital can impact the commercialisation of final year projects.Furthermore,determinants affecting commercialization of final year projects will also be explored namely:entrepreneurial skills,networking ability,access to resources,institutional support as well as creativity and innovation.
基金Project of Xi’an Science and Technology Plan(23YXYJ0163)Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Xi’an Medical University in 2023(S202311840061)+1 种基金First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University of China(XYYFY-2023-01)2021 Xi’an Medical University University-Level Science and Technology Innovation Team(2021TD14)。
文摘To understand the current situation of institutional registration in Shaanxi Province after the implementation ofregistration system management in drug clinical trial institutions.Relevant information was collected on the“Announcement on the Accreditation of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions”issued by the National Medical Products Administration from 2005 to August 2022,the record management information system of drug and medical device clinical trial institutions,and the drug clinical trial registration and information publicity platform.A retrospective analysis was carried out in terms of institutional development,regional distribution,registered majors,principal investigators,and the number of drug clinical trials.After the implementation of institution registration,the number of drug clinical trial institutions in Shaanxi Province increased by 47.4%,884 principal investigators were registered,the number of registered majors expanded from 58 qualified to 117,and the professional scope increased by 50.4%.The policy of institution registration is conducive to promoting the rational use of medical resources and the development of drug clinical trial institutions and improving the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry in Shaanxi Province.
