At a time when global crises continue to intensify,UN Secretary-General António Guterres stated at this year’s high-level plenary meeting to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the establishment of the United Na...At a time when global crises continue to intensify,UN Secretary-General António Guterres stated at this year’s high-level plenary meeting to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the establishment of the United Nations that the core of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,the Pact for the Future,and the UN 80 Initiative lies in renewing the foundations of international cooperation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Globally,it’s estimated that at least 1 billion people have a near and/or distance vision impairment that could have been prevented or is yet to be addressed.The burden of unaddressed vision impairment and...BACKGROUND Globally,it’s estimated that at least 1 billion people have a near and/or distance vision impairment that could have been prevented or is yet to be addressed.The burden of unaddressed vision impairment and blindness is estimated to be four times higher in low and intermediate-resource settings than in high-income settings.[1]展开更多
There is curiosity and awareness throughout the world regarding the role of Information and Communication technologies. This is felt in each and every section of society. Several studies have confirmed and considered ...There is curiosity and awareness throughout the world regarding the role of Information and Communication technologies. This is felt in each and every section of society. Several studies have confirmed and considered information and communication technology’s significance in the field of education. It has not only affected learners but also to the teachers. This paper explores how ICT-based projects affect teachers’ and students’ attitudes. The data was collected through self-prepared attitude scale. It was distributed among the teachers and students of various schools. Two hundred students and one hundred twenty teachers responded to the questionnaire. Analysis was done through the data collected from the teachers as well as from students. The study’s conclusions demonstrated that while there was no significant variation in the attitudes of teachers utilizing different ICT-based programs, there was a substantial difference in the students’ attitude toward learning with different ICT-based programs.展开更多
The Shan-Shui Initiative has attracted global attention in massively contained ecological deterioration and restored millions of hectares of land in China.There are high hopes for this new combination of protection,re...The Shan-Shui Initiative has attracted global attention in massively contained ecological deterioration and restored millions of hectares of land in China.There are high hopes for this new combination of protection,restoration,and management of ecosystems,its overall benefits,however,remain uncertain.Here,we employed ecosystem service(ES)indicators to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of all pilot projects since 2016 at the national scale.Results show that after the implementation of Shan-Shui Initiative,ES have significantly improved,with increases in water yield(14.3%),carbon sequestration(13.7%),soil conservation(6.5%),windbreak sand fixation(5.0%),and habitat quality(0.7%).The changes in ES were driven by both the Shan-Shui Initiative and climate change.Projects with longer implementation periods showed a more pronounced trend of growth in ESs,particularly evident in the ecological space.The spillover effects were widely present and the prevalence of positive spillover effects was notably greater than that of negative ones.Furthermore,the diverse interventions implemented in the Shan-Shui project had varying impacts on ES across different regions.Overall,these interventions showed a positive influence on ESs,although the degree of trade-off showed a south-high and north-low pattern.This highlights the necessity for ecological restoration efforts to carefully consider regional differences.This study may provide policy guidance for optimizing the layout and sustainable management of Shan-Shui ecological restoration projects.展开更多
Background: In recent years, a number of initiatives aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles in health-friendly environments have been implemented.The purpose of this review is to synthesize initiatives conducted in Can...Background: In recent years, a number of initiatives aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles in health-friendly environments have been implemented.The purpose of this review is to synthesize initiatives conducted in Canada and documented in publications for the period 1995–2015 in order to gain a better understanding of their objectives and impacts.Methods: A systematic review of Canadian initiatives published over the past 20 years was conducted from multiple databases(i.e., Scopus,SPORTDiscus, Pub Med, Academic search complete, Reseausante.com, Cairn, and Erudit). In total, 264 publications were identified and retained for the final analysis based on 5 criteria:(1) publication between 1995 and 2015,(2) online availability,(3) research conducted in Canada,(4) main topic related to environments favorable to healthy lifestyles(EFHL), and(5) publication in French or English.Results: A sharp increase in the number of studies on EFHL was observed between 2010 and 2015(57%). Two major lifestyle components—physical activity and nutrition—and 2 environmental aspects—neighborhood and built environment—were the elements most frequently examined regarding adults(48%), young people(34%), and seniors(9%), using quantitative(60%) and qualitative(18%) methods. Furthermore, the analysis reveals a greater focus on the municipal(53%) than the national or provincial levels(31%).Conclusion: This work is a first map of Canadian studies related to EFHL. It clarifies the definition of EFHL and classifies its components. As well,it documents the issues raised, the research methods employed, and the role of stakeholders, while outlining a new research agenda that includes dimensions of EFHL formerly neglected by researchers, namely, political and sociocultural spheres of action.? 2018 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).展开更多
Recent research shows that China is experiencing significant greening,with afforestation initiatives being the main cause.Quantitative calculation of vegetation change influencing factors and evaluation of the contrib...Recent research shows that China is experiencing significant greening,with afforestation initiatives being the main cause.Quantitative calculation of vegetation change influencing factors and evaluation of the contribution of afforestation to vegetation greening in China are critical to coping with climate change and improving the implementation and efficacy of forestry projects.We investigated the temporal and spatial dynamics of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)from 1982 to 2020,and quantified the contribution of afforestation initiatives,a typical human activity,to the dynamic changes of vegetation.The results showed that NDVI in China has primarily increased in the last 39 years.57%of the pixels increased,27%were stable and unchanged,and 16%decreased.Climate change was responsible for 72.34%of vegetation restoration,while human activities were responsible for 27.36%of vegetation restoration,according to residual analysis.In the future,only 14%of the regions showed continuous growth of the NDVI,while the remaining regions showed obvious antipersistence(59%will go from increasing to decreasing,and 22%will go from decreasing to increasing).The contribution of climate factors to vegetation change will decrease in the future,and human activities will become more complex.Except for Huaihe River and Taihu Lake(SPHRTL),other forestry projects showed an increasing trend of NDVI after the implementation of ecological engineering.However,due to differences in climate conditions and ecological engineering implementation,there are differences in the benefits of forestry projects.Some forestry project areas still have obvious vegetation degradation,and appropriate forestry management is necessary.This work provides a quantitative analysis of vegetation change and its driving factors in China,which will help to cope with future climate change and provide a reference for the implementation and management of ecological projects.展开更多
With the rapid development of lnternet technology, the volume of data has increased exponentially. As the large amounts of data are no longer easy to be managed and secured by the owners, big data security and privacy...With the rapid development of lnternet technology, the volume of data has increased exponentially. As the large amounts of data are no longer easy to be managed and secured by the owners, big data security and privacy has become a hot issue. One of the most popular research fields for solving the data security and data privacy is within the scope of big data governance and security, In this paper, we introduce the basic concepts of data governance and security. Then, all the state-of-the-art open source frameworks for data governance and security, including Apache Falcon, Apache Atlas, Apache Ranger, Apache Sentry and Kerberos, are detailed and discussed with descriptions of their implementation principles and possible applications.展开更多
Environmental degradation and the emission of greenhouse gases particularly carbon dioxide have expanded problems to human wellness and to the atmosphere. The second-most populated country in the globe, India, is amon...Environmental degradation and the emission of greenhouse gases particularly carbon dioxide have expanded problems to human wellness and to the atmosphere. The second-most populated country in the globe, India, is among the primary users of conventional resources, which leads to global warming. The growth rate is anticipated to raise more before 2050, which will cause the brisk industrial expansion and rising energy demand to both increases. In order to reduce carbon emissions and meet energy requirements, many countries use alternate usage of renewable energy particularly solar energy. In this review we aim to study solar panel schemes initiated by India, mainly focusing on National Solar Mission. This study also reviews the present solar installed capacity, solar panel scheme 2022, and initiatives and outcomes of solar panels in residences and offices. This study reviewed that by using solar panel resources, the (MNRE) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy hopes to help the Indian Government reach its purpose of 100 GW solar installed capacity by end of 2022. Despite having an amazing 40 GW of solar power installed capacity till December 2021, India is still far from reaching its own goal of 100 GW by March 2023 as per NSM. In essence, this means that India will need to change a few of its ongoing plans further.展开更多
This study focused on identification of mobilization initiatives for enhancing student’s enrolment into Vocational and Technical Education (VTE) programs in Nigerian Universities. Three research questions guided the ...This study focused on identification of mobilization initiatives for enhancing student’s enrolment into Vocational and Technical Education (VTE) programs in Nigerian Universities. Three research questions guided the study while three hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study was carried out in South East, Nigeria. Population for the study was 1340. Sample for the study was 753 obtained through proportionate (30%) stratified random sampling technique. A 38 item questionnaire was developed and used to collect data. Data obtained were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer research questions while t-test statistic was used to test hypotheses at probability of 0.05 level. It was found out by the study that 38 mobilization initiatives could be used to enhance students’ enrolment into Vocational and Technical Education Programs in Nigerian Universities. It was therefore recommended that the identified mobilization initiatives be implemented by relevant stakeholders to enhance secondary school students’ enrollment into VTE programs in Nigerian Universities.展开更多
Background: Nigeria, a nation grappling with rapid population growth, economic intricacies, and complex healthcare challenges, particularly in Lagos State, the economic hub and most populous state, faces the challenge...Background: Nigeria, a nation grappling with rapid population growth, economic intricacies, and complex healthcare challenges, particularly in Lagos State, the economic hub and most populous state, faces the challenge of ensuring quality healthcare access. The overview of the effect of quality improvement initiatives in this paper focuses on private healthcare providers in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study assesses the impact of donor-funded quality improvement projects on these private healthcare facilities. It explores the level of participation, perceived support, and tangible effects of the initiatives on healthcare delivery within private healthcare facilities. It also examines how these initiatives influence patient inflow and facility ratings, and bring about additional benefits and improvements, provides insights into the challenges faced by private healthcare providers in implementing quality improvement projects and elicits recommendations for improving the effectiveness of such initiatives. Methods: Qualitative research design was employed for in-depth exploration, utilizing semi-structured interviews. Private healthcare providers in Lagos involved in the SP4FP Quality Improvement Project were purposively sampled for diversity. Face-to-face interviews elicited insights into participation, perceived support, and project effects. Questions covered participation levels, support perception, changes observed, challenges faced, and recommendations. Thematic analysis identified recurring themes from interview transcripts. Adherence to ethical guidelines ensured participant confidentiality and informed consent. Results: Respondents affirmed active involvement in the SP4FP Quality Improvement Project, echoing literature emphasizing private-sector collaboration with the public sector. While acknowledging positive influences on facility ratings, respondents highlighted challenges within the broader Nigerian healthcare landscape affecting patient numbers. Respondents cited tangible improvements, particularly in staff management and patient care processes, validating the positive influence of quality improvement projects. Financial constraints emerged as a significant challenge, aligning with existing literature emphasizing the pragmatic difficulties faced by private healthcare providers. Conclusions: This study illuminates the complex landscape of private healthcare provision in Lagos State, emphasizing the positive impact of donor-funded quality improvement projects. The findings provide nuanced insights, guiding policymakers, healthcare managers, and practitioners toward collaborative, sustainable improvements. As Nigeria progresses, these lessons will be crucial in shaping healthcare policies prioritizing population well-being.展开更多
The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine the influence of selected cultural and adventure initiatives on the perception and experiences of group cohesion in a multicultural higher education institution. ...The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine the influence of selected cultural and adventure initiatives on the perception and experiences of group cohesion in a multicultural higher education institution. After a 3-day camp, rich qualitative data f^om students （n = 120） were gathered through focus group discussions and PowerPoint presentations. Using ATLAS.ti, four themes emerged： positive attitude and behaviour, maintaining group level, self-maintaining, and membership attraction and attachment. The findings revealed positive experiences among the participants. It is recommended that follow-up interventions should follow to ensure sustainability.展开更多
China＇s international energy cooperation and energy security are important parts of The Belt and Road initiatives. China and the countries along the Belt and Road continue to promote cooperation, actively use the exi...China＇s international energy cooperation and energy security are important parts of The Belt and Road initiatives. China and the countries along the Belt and Road continue to promote cooperation, actively use the existing bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms to promote the regional and inter-regional energy cooperation. Countries along the Belt and Road are rich in oil and gas resources; their demand on the diversification of export meet with the diversification demand on imports of consumption countries; and their oil refining and chemical technology as well as construction capacity is weak, which provides a lot of new opportunities in cooperation for Chinese enterprises. However, the energy cooperation of Chinese enterprises are also facing some challenges in the complex environment of energy cooperation, the interference of big powers, non-traditional security threats, and energy policy factors. Finally, the paper puts forward the strategic thinking of China＇s international energy cooperation under the new situation.展开更多
This report presents an analytical framework for exploring the implications of Fintech innovations for incumbent banks and for provision of the financial safety net.The focus is on“digital banking initiatives”,that ...This report presents an analytical framework for exploring the implications of Fintech innovations for incumbent banks and for provision of the financial safety net.The focus is on“digital banking initiatives”,that is,on Fintech initiatives that provide retail financial services akin to those traditionally provided by banks.Banks perform a wide range of functions for individual and institutional customers that help facilitate large-scale economic activity.In fact,in most economies the system of financial intermediation centres on banks and relies on their core products and services for financing of the economy and the maintenance of liquidity.On account of the central role banks play in the financial system,along with concerns about potential systemic instability linked to the riskiness of their activities,these institutions have long been regarded as“special”,as reflected in their prudential regulation and coverage under the various provisions of the financial safety net.Recent developments raise questions about the special status of banks.Two sets of questions are addressed herein:To what extent do new digital banking initiatives change the role that incumbent banks play in the financial system and the way that they perform their functions?To what extent are some of the new digital banking initiatives securing the benefits of the financial safety net without paying the commensurate price?To help address these questions the report first revisits the literature on core functions of the financial system to provide a framework for analysing recent developments.Particular attention is paid in this context to banks and their products and services.The“special”role of banks is discussed,which links to the provisions of the traditional safety net.These overview sections are followed by evidence on Fintech innovations that overlap the core banking products.Based on an examination of the characteristics of these new initiatives,the study then touches on the issue of whether banks are still special and whether some of these initiatives are or should be covered by financial safety net provisions.展开更多
President Xi Jinping has proposed three global initiatives:the Global Development Initiative(GDI),the Global Security Initiative(GSI),and the Global Civilization Initiative(GCI),providing a Chinese solution to the ref...President Xi Jinping has proposed three global initiatives:the Global Development Initiative(GDI),the Global Security Initiative(GSI),and the Global Civilization Initiative(GCI),providing a Chinese solution to the reform of the global governance system and architecture.展开更多
Policies and initiatives promoting carbon neutrality in the Nordic heating and transport systems are presented. The focus within heating systems is the promotion of HPs （heat pumps） while the focus within transport ...Policies and initiatives promoting carbon neutrality in the Nordic heating and transport systems are presented. The focus within heating systems is the promotion of HPs （heat pumps） while the focus within transport systems is initiatives regarding EVs （electric vehicles）. It is found that the conversion to HPs in the Nordic region relies on both private economic and national economic incentives. Initiatives toward carbon neutrality in the transport system are mostly concentrated on research, development and demonstration for deployment of a large number of EVs. All Nordic countries have plans for the future heating and transport systems with the ambition of realizing carbon neutrality.展开更多
With the development of the society, cooperative teaching is no longer a new topic, but a new teaching ideology with great zeitgeist. Nowadays, each part of the society pays more and more attention to cooperative spir...With the development of the society, cooperative teaching is no longer a new topic, but a new teaching ideology with great zeitgeist. Nowadays, each part of the society pays more and more attention to cooperative spirit, cooperative consciousness and cooperative skills. As a kind of competence which is more important than knowledge, cooperation is becoming a rather important accomplishment of people, which is quite popular among them. For a long time, the traditional teaching mode in our country is neither helpful to the development of the main role of students', nor to the students' cooperative consciousness or competence. Therefore, during the new round of curriculum reform, changing the students' learning methods has been a focus of people. Under this background, we bring"cooperative learning in groups"into our class, and try to explore it from multiple angles.In this thesis, I will give advice to the cooperative teaching mode through analyzing the theoretical basis, teaching mode and teaching characteristics of the cooperative teaching in order that students' initiatives can be improved in cooperative teaching.展开更多
Now environment is an important topic in academic field.Many researches focus on the negative outcomes of nature which are being continually created by human and much attention has been paid to how the environment is ...Now environment is an important topic in academic field.Many researches focus on the negative outcomes of nature which are being continually created by human and much attention has been paid to how the environment is protected through integrated research,movement and policy.But few studies are concentrated on population and environment and are to find out the interconnectivity and underlying mechanism that have an effect on people's preferring additional children and perception to environment.Many researchers claim that population growth is a great problem for environment but they do not provide the indepth integrated knowledge and mechanism that influence fertility trend and environmental problems.It is very crucial to develop practical and concrete initiatives to confirm a transition to reduce population growth and redirect the perception on population and environment.展开更多
Implementing national to community-based 'One Health' strategy for human,animal and environmental challenges and migrating-led consequences offer great opportunities,and its value of sustained development and ...Implementing national to community-based 'One Health' strategy for human,animal and environmental challenges and migrating-led consequences offer great opportunities,and its value of sustained development and wellbeing is an imperative.'One Health' strategy in policy commitment,partnership and financial investment are much needed in advocacy,contextual health human-animal and environmental development.Therefore,appropriate and evidence-based handling and management strategies in moving forward universal health coverage and sustainable development goals (SDGs) are essential components to the China-Africa health development initiatives.It is necessary to understand how to strengthen robust and sustainable 'One Health' approach implementation in national and regional public health and disaster risk reduction programs.Understanding the foundation of'One Health' strategy in China-Africa public health cooperation is crucial in fostering health systems preparedness and smart response against emerging and re-emerging threats and epidemics.Building the value of China-Africa 'One Health' strategy partnerships,frameworks and capacity development and implementation through leveraging on current and innovative China-Africa health initiatives,but also,mobilizing efforts on climatic changes and disasters mitigation and lifestyle adaptations strategies against emerging and current infectious diseases threats are essential to establish epidemic surveillance-response system under the concept of global collaborative coordination and lasting financing mechanisms.Further strengthen local infrastructure and workforce capacity,participatory accountability and transparency on 'One Health' approach will benefit to set up infectious diseases of poverty projects,and effective monitoring and evaluation systems in achieving African Union 2063 Agenda and SDGs targets both in Africa and China.展开更多
The paper analyses the roots of the Belt and Road Initiative as well as China＇s Middle East Energy Policy in an age of great transformation. China＇s rapidly progressed economic growth leading to a dramatic increase ...The paper analyses the roots of the Belt and Road Initiative as well as China＇s Middle East Energy Policy in an age of great transformation. China＇s rapidly progressed economic growth leading to a dramatic increase in China＇s energy demand in recent years. The Middle East countries play a critical role in the international energy markets. Stable relations with the Middle East countries become increasingly important for Chinese energy security, and the continued development. The protection of these relations lies at the core of the Belt and Road Initiative. Within The Belt and Road Initiative, Chinese Middle East energy policy proceeds according to the energy cooperation framework known as ＂1＋2＋3＂, which seeks to build a reliable China-Arab strategic cooperative relationship based on long-term friendship. To avoid over dependence on the energy resources of the Middle East, China will also continue to search for other overseas energy sources and protect transportation channels. Despite risks and challenges associated with energy imports from the Middle East, China has cultivated strong relations with states in the region and will develop these economic ties further in the coming years.展开更多
Resilient infrastructure is critical to a sustainable and functioning society.Infrastructure management and(re)development are highly complex processes encompassing various stakeholders’interests while they are pres-...Resilient infrastructure is critical to a sustainable and functioning society.Infrastructure management and(re)development are highly complex processes encompassing various stakeholders’interests while they are pres-sured by the uncertainty of climate change and social transition.In response to these challenges,various resilience initiatives emerged with different motivations and approaches.The purpose of this research is to understand the interplay between motivations and organizational approaches as well as resilience conceptualization.This can provide insights into which domains of resilience have been focused on and what needs to be improved in their or-ganizational approaches to realize motivations.This research specifically investigates ten resilient infrastructure initiatives in the Netherlands.By using scoping review and content analysis,our results highlight that resilience initiatives conceptualize resilience in different ways,mainly focusing on built and organizational resilience with a focus on long-term and wider geographic scope.Each initiative had several motivations,including 1)creat-ing innovative solutions,2)sharing knowledge,3)promoting commitment and cooperation,and 4)promoting resilience.These motivations are reflected in the organizational approach.For example,there was a strong link between the motivation‘creating shared knowledge’and the organizational approach‘research collaboration.’Generic motivation such as‘promoting resilience’does not have one mainstreaming approach,which shows promoting resilience in practice is still in the exploration stage.This research provides major motivations and organizational approaches and their link within the resilient infrastructure initiatives which can contribute to better organizing similar initiatives aiming for resilient infrastructure.展开更多
基金a major project of the National Social Science Fund of China,titled“Research on Contemporary Chinese Perspective on Human Rights and Their International Dissemination”(Project Approval Number 23&ZD151)the Chongqing Social Science Planning Talent Program Project,titled“‘Quantifying Human Rights’:Research on Human Rights Indices and Indicator Systems”(Project Approval Number 2024YC037).
文摘At a time when global crises continue to intensify,UN Secretary-General António Guterres stated at this year’s high-level plenary meeting to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the establishment of the United Nations that the core of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,the Pact for the Future,and the UN 80 Initiative lies in renewing the foundations of international cooperation.
文摘BACKGROUND Globally,it’s estimated that at least 1 billion people have a near and/or distance vision impairment that could have been prevented or is yet to be addressed.The burden of unaddressed vision impairment and blindness is estimated to be four times higher in low and intermediate-resource settings than in high-income settings.[1]
文摘There is curiosity and awareness throughout the world regarding the role of Information and Communication technologies. This is felt in each and every section of society. Several studies have confirmed and considered information and communication technology’s significance in the field of education. It has not only affected learners but also to the teachers. This paper explores how ICT-based projects affect teachers’ and students’ attitudes. The data was collected through self-prepared attitude scale. It was distributed among the teachers and students of various schools. Two hundred students and one hundred twenty teachers responded to the questionnaire. Analysis was done through the data collected from the teachers as well as from students. The study’s conclusions demonstrated that while there was no significant variation in the attitudes of teachers utilizing different ICT-based programs, there was a substantial difference in the students’ attitude toward learning with different ICT-based programs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFF1303205)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2652022005)。
文摘The Shan-Shui Initiative has attracted global attention in massively contained ecological deterioration and restored millions of hectares of land in China.There are high hopes for this new combination of protection,restoration,and management of ecosystems,its overall benefits,however,remain uncertain.Here,we employed ecosystem service(ES)indicators to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of all pilot projects since 2016 at the national scale.Results show that after the implementation of Shan-Shui Initiative,ES have significantly improved,with increases in water yield(14.3%),carbon sequestration(13.7%),soil conservation(6.5%),windbreak sand fixation(5.0%),and habitat quality(0.7%).The changes in ES were driven by both the Shan-Shui Initiative and climate change.Projects with longer implementation periods showed a more pronounced trend of growth in ESs,particularly evident in the ecological space.The spillover effects were widely present and the prevalence of positive spillover effects was notably greater than that of negative ones.Furthermore,the diverse interventions implemented in the Shan-Shui project had varying impacts on ES across different regions.Overall,these interventions showed a positive influence on ESs,although the degree of trade-off showed a south-high and north-low pattern.This highlights the necessity for ecological restoration efforts to carefully consider regional differences.This study may provide policy guidance for optimizing the layout and sustainable management of Shan-Shui ecological restoration projects.
文摘Background: In recent years, a number of initiatives aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles in health-friendly environments have been implemented.The purpose of this review is to synthesize initiatives conducted in Canada and documented in publications for the period 1995–2015 in order to gain a better understanding of their objectives and impacts.Methods: A systematic review of Canadian initiatives published over the past 20 years was conducted from multiple databases(i.e., Scopus,SPORTDiscus, Pub Med, Academic search complete, Reseausante.com, Cairn, and Erudit). In total, 264 publications were identified and retained for the final analysis based on 5 criteria:(1) publication between 1995 and 2015,(2) online availability,(3) research conducted in Canada,(4) main topic related to environments favorable to healthy lifestyles(EFHL), and(5) publication in French or English.Results: A sharp increase in the number of studies on EFHL was observed between 2010 and 2015(57%). Two major lifestyle components—physical activity and nutrition—and 2 environmental aspects—neighborhood and built environment—were the elements most frequently examined regarding adults(48%), young people(34%), and seniors(9%), using quantitative(60%) and qualitative(18%) methods. Furthermore, the analysis reveals a greater focus on the municipal(53%) than the national or provincial levels(31%).Conclusion: This work is a first map of Canadian studies related to EFHL. It clarifies the definition of EFHL and classifies its components. As well,it documents the issues raised, the research methods employed, and the role of stakeholders, while outlining a new research agenda that includes dimensions of EFHL formerly neglected by researchers, namely, political and sociocultural spheres of action.? 2018 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42271318,42271354,41971402]the Science and Technology Project of Department of Natural Resources of Hubei Province[grant number ZRZY2023KJ41]+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China[grant number 2018YFC1506506]the ESA-MOST Dragon Program[grant number 58815],and the LIESMARS Special Research Funding.
文摘Recent research shows that China is experiencing significant greening,with afforestation initiatives being the main cause.Quantitative calculation of vegetation change influencing factors and evaluation of the contribution of afforestation to vegetation greening in China are critical to coping with climate change and improving the implementation and efficacy of forestry projects.We investigated the temporal and spatial dynamics of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)from 1982 to 2020,and quantified the contribution of afforestation initiatives,a typical human activity,to the dynamic changes of vegetation.The results showed that NDVI in China has primarily increased in the last 39 years.57%of the pixels increased,27%were stable and unchanged,and 16%decreased.Climate change was responsible for 72.34%of vegetation restoration,while human activities were responsible for 27.36%of vegetation restoration,according to residual analysis.In the future,only 14%of the regions showed continuous growth of the NDVI,while the remaining regions showed obvious antipersistence(59%will go from increasing to decreasing,and 22%will go from decreasing to increasing).The contribution of climate factors to vegetation change will decrease in the future,and human activities will become more complex.Except for Huaihe River and Taihu Lake(SPHRTL),other forestry projects showed an increasing trend of NDVI after the implementation of ecological engineering.However,due to differences in climate conditions and ecological engineering implementation,there are differences in the benefits of forestry projects.Some forestry project areas still have obvious vegetation degradation,and appropriate forestry management is necessary.This work provides a quantitative analysis of vegetation change and its driving factors in China,which will help to cope with future climate change and provide a reference for the implementation and management of ecological projects.
文摘With the rapid development of lnternet technology, the volume of data has increased exponentially. As the large amounts of data are no longer easy to be managed and secured by the owners, big data security and privacy has become a hot issue. One of the most popular research fields for solving the data security and data privacy is within the scope of big data governance and security, In this paper, we introduce the basic concepts of data governance and security. Then, all the state-of-the-art open source frameworks for data governance and security, including Apache Falcon, Apache Atlas, Apache Ranger, Apache Sentry and Kerberos, are detailed and discussed with descriptions of their implementation principles and possible applications.
文摘Environmental degradation and the emission of greenhouse gases particularly carbon dioxide have expanded problems to human wellness and to the atmosphere. The second-most populated country in the globe, India, is among the primary users of conventional resources, which leads to global warming. The growth rate is anticipated to raise more before 2050, which will cause the brisk industrial expansion and rising energy demand to both increases. In order to reduce carbon emissions and meet energy requirements, many countries use alternate usage of renewable energy particularly solar energy. In this review we aim to study solar panel schemes initiated by India, mainly focusing on National Solar Mission. This study also reviews the present solar installed capacity, solar panel scheme 2022, and initiatives and outcomes of solar panels in residences and offices. This study reviewed that by using solar panel resources, the (MNRE) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy hopes to help the Indian Government reach its purpose of 100 GW solar installed capacity by end of 2022. Despite having an amazing 40 GW of solar power installed capacity till December 2021, India is still far from reaching its own goal of 100 GW by March 2023 as per NSM. In essence, this means that India will need to change a few of its ongoing plans further.
文摘This study focused on identification of mobilization initiatives for enhancing student’s enrolment into Vocational and Technical Education (VTE) programs in Nigerian Universities. Three research questions guided the study while three hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study was carried out in South East, Nigeria. Population for the study was 1340. Sample for the study was 753 obtained through proportionate (30%) stratified random sampling technique. A 38 item questionnaire was developed and used to collect data. Data obtained were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer research questions while t-test statistic was used to test hypotheses at probability of 0.05 level. It was found out by the study that 38 mobilization initiatives could be used to enhance students’ enrolment into Vocational and Technical Education Programs in Nigerian Universities. It was therefore recommended that the identified mobilization initiatives be implemented by relevant stakeholders to enhance secondary school students’ enrollment into VTE programs in Nigerian Universities.
文摘Background: Nigeria, a nation grappling with rapid population growth, economic intricacies, and complex healthcare challenges, particularly in Lagos State, the economic hub and most populous state, faces the challenge of ensuring quality healthcare access. The overview of the effect of quality improvement initiatives in this paper focuses on private healthcare providers in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study assesses the impact of donor-funded quality improvement projects on these private healthcare facilities. It explores the level of participation, perceived support, and tangible effects of the initiatives on healthcare delivery within private healthcare facilities. It also examines how these initiatives influence patient inflow and facility ratings, and bring about additional benefits and improvements, provides insights into the challenges faced by private healthcare providers in implementing quality improvement projects and elicits recommendations for improving the effectiveness of such initiatives. Methods: Qualitative research design was employed for in-depth exploration, utilizing semi-structured interviews. Private healthcare providers in Lagos involved in the SP4FP Quality Improvement Project were purposively sampled for diversity. Face-to-face interviews elicited insights into participation, perceived support, and project effects. Questions covered participation levels, support perception, changes observed, challenges faced, and recommendations. Thematic analysis identified recurring themes from interview transcripts. Adherence to ethical guidelines ensured participant confidentiality and informed consent. Results: Respondents affirmed active involvement in the SP4FP Quality Improvement Project, echoing literature emphasizing private-sector collaboration with the public sector. While acknowledging positive influences on facility ratings, respondents highlighted challenges within the broader Nigerian healthcare landscape affecting patient numbers. Respondents cited tangible improvements, particularly in staff management and patient care processes, validating the positive influence of quality improvement projects. Financial constraints emerged as a significant challenge, aligning with existing literature emphasizing the pragmatic difficulties faced by private healthcare providers. Conclusions: This study illuminates the complex landscape of private healthcare provision in Lagos State, emphasizing the positive impact of donor-funded quality improvement projects. The findings provide nuanced insights, guiding policymakers, healthcare managers, and practitioners toward collaborative, sustainable improvements. As Nigeria progresses, these lessons will be crucial in shaping healthcare policies prioritizing population well-being.
文摘The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine the influence of selected cultural and adventure initiatives on the perception and experiences of group cohesion in a multicultural higher education institution. After a 3-day camp, rich qualitative data f^om students （n = 120） were gathered through focus group discussions and PowerPoint presentations. Using ATLAS.ti, four themes emerged： positive attitude and behaviour, maintaining group level, self-maintaining, and membership attraction and attachment. The findings revealed positive experiences among the participants. It is recommended that follow-up interventions should follow to ensure sustainability.
文摘China＇s international energy cooperation and energy security are important parts of The Belt and Road initiatives. China and the countries along the Belt and Road continue to promote cooperation, actively use the existing bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms to promote the regional and inter-regional energy cooperation. Countries along the Belt and Road are rich in oil and gas resources; their demand on the diversification of export meet with the diversification demand on imports of consumption countries; and their oil refining and chemical technology as well as construction capacity is weak, which provides a lot of new opportunities in cooperation for Chinese enterprises. However, the energy cooperation of Chinese enterprises are also facing some challenges in the complex environment of energy cooperation, the interference of big powers, non-traditional security threats, and energy policy factors. Finally, the paper puts forward the strategic thinking of China＇s international energy cooperation under the new situation.
文摘This report presents an analytical framework for exploring the implications of Fintech innovations for incumbent banks and for provision of the financial safety net.The focus is on“digital banking initiatives”,that is,on Fintech initiatives that provide retail financial services akin to those traditionally provided by banks.Banks perform a wide range of functions for individual and institutional customers that help facilitate large-scale economic activity.In fact,in most economies the system of financial intermediation centres on banks and relies on their core products and services for financing of the economy and the maintenance of liquidity.On account of the central role banks play in the financial system,along with concerns about potential systemic instability linked to the riskiness of their activities,these institutions have long been regarded as“special”,as reflected in their prudential regulation and coverage under the various provisions of the financial safety net.Recent developments raise questions about the special status of banks.Two sets of questions are addressed herein:To what extent do new digital banking initiatives change the role that incumbent banks play in the financial system and the way that they perform their functions?To what extent are some of the new digital banking initiatives securing the benefits of the financial safety net without paying the commensurate price?To help address these questions the report first revisits the literature on core functions of the financial system to provide a framework for analysing recent developments.Particular attention is paid in this context to banks and their products and services.The“special”role of banks is discussed,which links to the provisions of the traditional safety net.These overview sections are followed by evidence on Fintech innovations that overlap the core banking products.Based on an examination of the characteristics of these new initiatives,the study then touches on the issue of whether banks are still special and whether some of these initiatives are or should be covered by financial safety net provisions.
文摘President Xi Jinping has proposed three global initiatives:the Global Development Initiative(GDI),the Global Security Initiative(GSI),and the Global Civilization Initiative(GCI),providing a Chinese solution to the reform of the global governance system and architecture.
文摘Policies and initiatives promoting carbon neutrality in the Nordic heating and transport systems are presented. The focus within heating systems is the promotion of HPs （heat pumps） while the focus within transport systems is initiatives regarding EVs （electric vehicles）. It is found that the conversion to HPs in the Nordic region relies on both private economic and national economic incentives. Initiatives toward carbon neutrality in the transport system are mostly concentrated on research, development and demonstration for deployment of a large number of EVs. All Nordic countries have plans for the future heating and transport systems with the ambition of realizing carbon neutrality.
文摘With the development of the society, cooperative teaching is no longer a new topic, but a new teaching ideology with great zeitgeist. Nowadays, each part of the society pays more and more attention to cooperative spirit, cooperative consciousness and cooperative skills. As a kind of competence which is more important than knowledge, cooperation is becoming a rather important accomplishment of people, which is quite popular among them. For a long time, the traditional teaching mode in our country is neither helpful to the development of the main role of students', nor to the students' cooperative consciousness or competence. Therefore, during the new round of curriculum reform, changing the students' learning methods has been a focus of people. Under this background, we bring"cooperative learning in groups"into our class, and try to explore it from multiple angles.In this thesis, I will give advice to the cooperative teaching mode through analyzing the theoretical basis, teaching mode and teaching characteristics of the cooperative teaching in order that students' initiatives can be improved in cooperative teaching.
文摘Now environment is an important topic in academic field.Many researches focus on the negative outcomes of nature which are being continually created by human and much attention has been paid to how the environment is protected through integrated research,movement and policy.But few studies are concentrated on population and environment and are to find out the interconnectivity and underlying mechanism that have an effect on people's preferring additional children and perception to environment.Many researchers claim that population growth is a great problem for environment but they do not provide the indepth integrated knowledge and mechanism that influence fertility trend and environmental problems.It is very crucial to develop practical and concrete initiatives to confirm a transition to reduce population growth and redirect the perception on population and environment.
文摘Implementing national to community-based 'One Health' strategy for human,animal and environmental challenges and migrating-led consequences offer great opportunities,and its value of sustained development and wellbeing is an imperative.'One Health' strategy in policy commitment,partnership and financial investment are much needed in advocacy,contextual health human-animal and environmental development.Therefore,appropriate and evidence-based handling and management strategies in moving forward universal health coverage and sustainable development goals (SDGs) are essential components to the China-Africa health development initiatives.It is necessary to understand how to strengthen robust and sustainable 'One Health' approach implementation in national and regional public health and disaster risk reduction programs.Understanding the foundation of'One Health' strategy in China-Africa public health cooperation is crucial in fostering health systems preparedness and smart response against emerging and re-emerging threats and epidemics.Building the value of China-Africa 'One Health' strategy partnerships,frameworks and capacity development and implementation through leveraging on current and innovative China-Africa health initiatives,but also,mobilizing efforts on climatic changes and disasters mitigation and lifestyle adaptations strategies against emerging and current infectious diseases threats are essential to establish epidemic surveillance-response system under the concept of global collaborative coordination and lasting financing mechanisms.Further strengthen local infrastructure and workforce capacity,participatory accountability and transparency on 'One Health' approach will benefit to set up infectious diseases of poverty projects,and effective monitoring and evaluation systems in achieving African Union 2063 Agenda and SDGs targets both in Africa and China.
文摘The paper analyses the roots of the Belt and Road Initiative as well as China＇s Middle East Energy Policy in an age of great transformation. China＇s rapidly progressed economic growth leading to a dramatic increase in China＇s energy demand in recent years. The Middle East countries play a critical role in the international energy markets. Stable relations with the Middle East countries become increasingly important for Chinese energy security, and the continued development. The protection of these relations lies at the core of the Belt and Road Initiative. Within The Belt and Road Initiative, Chinese Middle East energy policy proceeds according to the energy cooperation framework known as ＂1＋2＋3＂, which seeks to build a reliable China-Arab strategic cooperative relationship based on long-term friendship. To avoid over dependence on the energy resources of the Middle East, China will also continue to search for other overseas energy sources and protect transportation channels. Despite risks and challenges associated with energy imports from the Middle East, China has cultivated strong relations with states in the region and will develop these economic ties further in the coming years.
文摘Resilient infrastructure is critical to a sustainable and functioning society.Infrastructure management and(re)development are highly complex processes encompassing various stakeholders’interests while they are pres-sured by the uncertainty of climate change and social transition.In response to these challenges,various resilience initiatives emerged with different motivations and approaches.The purpose of this research is to understand the interplay between motivations and organizational approaches as well as resilience conceptualization.This can provide insights into which domains of resilience have been focused on and what needs to be improved in their or-ganizational approaches to realize motivations.This research specifically investigates ten resilient infrastructure initiatives in the Netherlands.By using scoping review and content analysis,our results highlight that resilience initiatives conceptualize resilience in different ways,mainly focusing on built and organizational resilience with a focus on long-term and wider geographic scope.Each initiative had several motivations,including 1)creat-ing innovative solutions,2)sharing knowledge,3)promoting commitment and cooperation,and 4)promoting resilience.These motivations are reflected in the organizational approach.For example,there was a strong link between the motivation‘creating shared knowledge’and the organizational approach‘research collaboration.’Generic motivation such as‘promoting resilience’does not have one mainstreaming approach,which shows promoting resilience in practice is still in the exploration stage.This research provides major motivations and organizational approaches and their link within the resilient infrastructure initiatives which can contribute to better organizing similar initiatives aiming for resilient infrastructure.
