Refractive index matching(RIM)is widely used to investigate particle-liquid mixture flows.However,determining the volume fractionφin RIM is generally empirical and lacks theoretical or experimental basis.To reasonabl...Refractive index matching(RIM)is widely used to investigate particle-liquid mixture flows.However,determining the volume fractionφin RIM is generally empirical and lacks theoretical or experimental basis.To reasonably reconstruct the internalφ,this study performs systematic calibration experiments to study the relationship betweenφand the imaging indicators.The results show that the model based on area fraction c2D will induce a large error for lowφowing to the instability of the particle’s apparent size.The traditionally adopted proportional functionφ=ac2D is only valid forφnear the calibration point.A predictive model is proposed based on the size of the Voronoi cell,dpoly,which proves to be more accurate and stable in RIM experiments.The dpoly-based model is applied to dense granular flows down an inclined plane to study the internal profiles ofφand the bottom normal stress.展开更多
Microsoft Extol是目前市场上最流行的数据处理软件，广泛应用于财务、销售、统计、管理等众多领域。本文以举例分析的方式来探讨Excel中MATCH、1NDEX函数在高校学生信息管理中的应用。实践证明：利用MATCH和1NDEX函数的嵌套公式，有效...Microsoft Extol是目前市场上最流行的数据处理软件，广泛应用于财务、销售、统计、管理等众多领域。本文以举例分析的方式来探讨Excel中MATCH、1NDEX函数在高校学生信息管理中的应用。实践证明：利用MATCH和1NDEX函数的嵌套公式，有效地解决了高校学生信息管理工作中的难题。展开更多
Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) takes into account as much data as possible for defining the initial seismic source zone model. In response to this, an algorithm has been developed for integration of ge...Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) takes into account as much data as possible for defining the initial seismic source zone model. In response to this, an algorithm has been developed for integration of geological, geophysical and seismological data through a spatial index showing the presence or absence of a potential seismic source feature in the input data. The spatial matching index (SMI) is calculated to define the coincidence of independent data showing any indications for existence of a fault structure. It is applied for hazard assessment of Bulgaria through quantification of the seismic potential of 416 square blocks, 20 × 20 km in size covering the entire territory of Bulgaria and extended by 20 km outside of the country borders. All operations are carried out in GIS environment using its capabilities to work with different types of georeferenced spatial data. Results show that the highest seismic potential (largest SMI) is observed in 56 block elements (13% of the territory) clearly delineating cores of the source zones. Partial match is registered in 98 block elements when one of the features is missing. Not any evidence for earthquake occurrence is predicted by our calculation in 117 elements, comprising 28% of the examined area. The quantitative parameter for spatial data integration which is obtained in the present research may be used to analyze information regardless of its type and purpose.展开更多
In recent years, a growing number of math contents are available on the Web. When conventional search engines deal with mathematical expressions, the two-dimen- sion-al structure of mathematical expressions is lost, w...In recent years, a growing number of math contents are available on the Web. When conventional search engines deal with mathematical expressions, the two-dimen- sion-al structure of mathematical expressions is lost, which results in a low performance of math retrieval. While the retrieval technology specifically designed for mathematical expressions is not mature currently. Aiming at these problems, an improved mathematical expression indexing and matching method was proposed through employing full text index method to deal with the two-dimensional structure of mathematical expressions. Firstly, through the fully consideration of LaTeX formulae’ characteristics, a feature representation method of mathematical expressions and a clustering method of feature keywords were put forward. Then, an improved inter-relevant successive trees index model was applied to the construction of the mathematical expression index, in which the cluster algorithm of mathematical expression features was employed to solve the problem of the quantity growth of the trees in processing large amount of formulae. Finally, the matching algorithms of mathematical expressions were given which provide four query modes called exact matching, compatible matching, sub-expression matching and fuzzy matching. In browser/server mode, 110027 formulae were used as experimental samples. The index file size was 29.02 Mb. The average time of retrieval was 1.092 seconds. The experimental result shows the effectiveness of the method.展开更多
High transparency and toughness are prerequisites for sustainable polymers if they are to find wide application as alternatives to petroleum-based polymers.However,the utility of sustainable polymers such as commercia...High transparency and toughness are prerequisites for sustainable polymers if they are to find wide application as alternatives to petroleum-based polymers.However,the utility of sustainable polymers such as commercially available polylactide(PLA)is limited by their inherent brittleness and high cost.Unfortunately,toughening PLA-based materials via cost-effective blending strategies without sacrificing transparency remains a challenge.Herein,we report a novel strategy involving active refractive index matching for creation of highly transparent and tough PLA blends.Specifically,we engineered the refractive index of a promising renewable poly(epichlorohydrin-co-ethylene oxide)elastomer by introducing polar ionic moieties via a simple chemical method,and we blended the resulting ionomers with PLA.The best blend showed an impact strength of>80 kJ/m2,an elongation at break of 400%,and high transparency(90%).These characteristics are of great importance for potential applications such as packaging.Our strategy offers a versatile new way to prepare high-performance sustainable polymer materials with excellent transparency.展开更多
Let G be a （molecular） graph. The Hosoya index Z（G） of G is defined as the number of subsets of the edge set E（G） in which no two edges are adjacent in G, i.e., Z（G） is the total number of matchings of G. In t...Let G be a （molecular） graph. The Hosoya index Z（G） of G is defined as the number of subsets of the edge set E（G） in which no two edges are adjacent in G, i.e., Z（G） is the total number of matchings of G. In this paper, we determine all the connected graphs G with n ＋ 1 ≤ Z（G） ≤5n - 17 for n ≥ 19. As a byproduct, the graphs of n vertices with Hosoya index from the second smallest value to the twenty first smallest value are obtained for n ≥ 19.展开更多
The Hosoya index of a graph is defined as the total number of the matching of the graph. In this paper, the ordering of polygonal chains with respect to Hosoya index is characterized.
Let G be a graph. The Hosoya index Z（G） of a graph G is defined to be the total number of its matchings. In this paper, we characterize the graph with the smallest Hosoya index of bicyclic graphs with given pendent ...Let G be a graph. The Hosoya index Z（G） of a graph G is defined to be the total number of its matchings. In this paper, we characterize the graph with the smallest Hosoya index of bicyclic graphs with given pendent vertices. Finally, we present a new proof about the smallest Hosoya index of bicyclic graphs.展开更多
Let be a graph with n vertices and m edges. The sum of absolute value of all coefficients of matching polynomial is called Hosoya index. In this paper, we determine 2<sup>nd</sup> to 4<sup>th</sup...Let be a graph with n vertices and m edges. The sum of absolute value of all coefficients of matching polynomial is called Hosoya index. In this paper, we determine 2<sup>nd</sup> to 4<sup>th</sup> minimum Hosoya index of a kind of tetracyclic graph, with m = n +3.展开更多
Purpose: The thrust of this paper is to present a method for improving the accuracy of automatic indexing of Chinese-English mixed documents.Design/methodology/approach: Based on the inherent characteristics of Chines...Purpose: The thrust of this paper is to present a method for improving the accuracy of automatic indexing of Chinese-English mixed documents.Design/methodology/approach: Based on the inherent characteristics of Chinese-English mixed texts and the cybernetics theory,we proposed an integrated control method for indexing documents. It consists of 'feed-forward control','in-progress control' and 'feed-back control',aiming at improving the accuracy of automatic indexing of Chinese-English mixed documents. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of our proposed method.Findings: This method distinguishes Chinese and English documents in grammatical structures and word formation rules. Through the implementation of this method in the three phases of automatic indexing for the Chinese-English mixed documents,the results were encouraging. The precision increased from 88.54% to 97.10% and recall improved from97.37% to 99.47%.Research limitations: The indexing method is relatively complicated and the whole indexing process requires substantial human intervention. Due to pattern matching based on a bruteforce(BF) approach,the indexing efficiency has been reduced to some extent.Practical implications: The research is of both theoretical significance and practical value in improving the accuracy of automatic indexing of multilingual documents(not confined to Chinese-English mixed documents). The proposed method will benefit not only the indexing of life science documents but also the indexing of documents in other subject areas.Originality/value: So far,few studies have been published about the method for increasing the accuracy of multilingual automatic indexing. This study will provide insights into the automatic indexing of multilingual documents,especially Chinese-English mixed documents.展开更多
The concept of dual image reversible data hiding（DIRDH） is the technique that can produce two camouflage images after embedding secret data into one original image.Moreover,not only can the secret data be extracted ...The concept of dual image reversible data hiding（DIRDH） is the technique that can produce two camouflage images after embedding secret data into one original image.Moreover,not only can the secret data be extracted from two camouflage images but also the original image can be recovered.To achieve high image quality,Lu et al.＇s method applied least-significant-bit（LSB） matching revisited to DIRDH.In order to further improve the image quality,the proposed method modifies LSB matching revisited rules and applies them to DIRDH.According to the experimental results,the image quality of the proposed method is better than that of Lu et al.＇s method.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12032005 and 12172057)。
文摘Refractive index matching(RIM)is widely used to investigate particle-liquid mixture flows.However,determining the volume fractionφin RIM is generally empirical and lacks theoretical or experimental basis.To reasonably reconstruct the internalφ,this study performs systematic calibration experiments to study the relationship betweenφand the imaging indicators.The results show that the model based on area fraction c2D will induce a large error for lowφowing to the instability of the particle’s apparent size.The traditionally adopted proportional functionφ=ac2D is only valid forφnear the calibration point.A predictive model is proposed based on the size of the Voronoi cell,dpoly,which proves to be more accurate and stable in RIM experiments.The dpoly-based model is applied to dense granular flows down an inclined plane to study the internal profiles ofφand the bottom normal stress.
文摘Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) takes into account as much data as possible for defining the initial seismic source zone model. In response to this, an algorithm has been developed for integration of geological, geophysical and seismological data through a spatial index showing the presence or absence of a potential seismic source feature in the input data. The spatial matching index (SMI) is calculated to define the coincidence of independent data showing any indications for existence of a fault structure. It is applied for hazard assessment of Bulgaria through quantification of the seismic potential of 416 square blocks, 20 × 20 km in size covering the entire territory of Bulgaria and extended by 20 km outside of the country borders. All operations are carried out in GIS environment using its capabilities to work with different types of georeferenced spatial data. Results show that the highest seismic potential (largest SMI) is observed in 56 block elements (13% of the territory) clearly delineating cores of the source zones. Partial match is registered in 98 block elements when one of the features is missing. Not any evidence for earthquake occurrence is predicted by our calculation in 117 elements, comprising 28% of the examined area. The quantitative parameter for spatial data integration which is obtained in the present research may be used to analyze information regardless of its type and purpose.
文摘In recent years, a growing number of math contents are available on the Web. When conventional search engines deal with mathematical expressions, the two-dimen- sion-al structure of mathematical expressions is lost, which results in a low performance of math retrieval. While the retrieval technology specifically designed for mathematical expressions is not mature currently. Aiming at these problems, an improved mathematical expression indexing and matching method was proposed through employing full text index method to deal with the two-dimensional structure of mathematical expressions. Firstly, through the fully consideration of LaTeX formulae’ characteristics, a feature representation method of mathematical expressions and a clustering method of feature keywords were put forward. Then, an improved inter-relevant successive trees index model was applied to the construction of the mathematical expression index, in which the cluster algorithm of mathematical expression features was employed to solve the problem of the quantity growth of the trees in processing large amount of formulae. Finally, the matching algorithms of mathematical expressions were given which provide four query modes called exact matching, compatible matching, sub-expression matching and fuzzy matching. In browser/server mode, 110027 formulae were used as experimental samples. The index file size was 29.02 Mb. The average time of retrieval was 1.092 seconds. The experimental result shows the effectiveness of the method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51573130)。
文摘High transparency and toughness are prerequisites for sustainable polymers if they are to find wide application as alternatives to petroleum-based polymers.However,the utility of sustainable polymers such as commercially available polylactide(PLA)is limited by their inherent brittleness and high cost.Unfortunately,toughening PLA-based materials via cost-effective blending strategies without sacrificing transparency remains a challenge.Herein,we report a novel strategy involving active refractive index matching for creation of highly transparent and tough PLA blends.Specifically,we engineered the refractive index of a promising renewable poly(epichlorohydrin-co-ethylene oxide)elastomer by introducing polar ionic moieties via a simple chemical method,and we blended the resulting ionomers with PLA.The best blend showed an impact strength of>80 kJ/m2,an elongation at break of 400%,and high transparency(90%).These characteristics are of great importance for potential applications such as packaging.Our strategy offers a versatile new way to prepare high-performance sustainable polymer materials with excellent transparency.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10761008, 10461009)the Science Foundation of the State Education Ministry of China(205170)
文摘Let G be a （molecular） graph. The Hosoya index Z（G） of G is defined as the number of subsets of the edge set E（G） in which no two edges are adjacent in G, i.e., Z（G） is the total number of matchings of G. In this paper, we determine all the connected graphs G with n ＋ 1 ≤ Z（G） ≤5n - 17 for n ≥ 19. As a byproduct, the graphs of n vertices with Hosoya index from the second smallest value to the twenty first smallest value are obtained for n ≥ 19.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10761008)the Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Guangxi Province of China(201010LX471,201010LX495,201106LX595,201106LX608)the Natural Science Fund of Hechi University(2011YBZ-N003,2012YBZ-N004)
文摘The Hosoya index of a graph is defined as the total number of the matching of the graph. In this paper, the ordering of polygonal chains with respect to Hosoya index is characterized.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11301093)the Zhujiang Technology New Star Foundation of Guangzhou (Grant No.2011J2200090)Program on International Cooperation and Innovation,Department of Education,Guangdong Province (Grant No.2012gjhz0007)
文摘Let G be a graph. The Hosoya index Z（G） of a graph G is defined to be the total number of its matchings. In this paper, we characterize the graph with the smallest Hosoya index of bicyclic graphs with given pendent vertices. Finally, we present a new proof about the smallest Hosoya index of bicyclic graphs.
文摘Let be a graph with n vertices and m edges. The sum of absolute value of all coefficients of matching polynomial is called Hosoya index. In this paper, we determine 2<sup>nd</sup> to 4<sup>th</sup> minimum Hosoya index of a kind of tetracyclic graph, with m = n +3.
基金supported by the Shanghai International Studies University(Grant No.:2011114061)
文摘Purpose: The thrust of this paper is to present a method for improving the accuracy of automatic indexing of Chinese-English mixed documents.Design/methodology/approach: Based on the inherent characteristics of Chinese-English mixed texts and the cybernetics theory,we proposed an integrated control method for indexing documents. It consists of 'feed-forward control','in-progress control' and 'feed-back control',aiming at improving the accuracy of automatic indexing of Chinese-English mixed documents. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of our proposed method.Findings: This method distinguishes Chinese and English documents in grammatical structures and word formation rules. Through the implementation of this method in the three phases of automatic indexing for the Chinese-English mixed documents,the results were encouraging. The precision increased from 88.54% to 97.10% and recall improved from97.37% to 99.47%.Research limitations: The indexing method is relatively complicated and the whole indexing process requires substantial human intervention. Due to pattern matching based on a bruteforce(BF) approach,the indexing efficiency has been reduced to some extent.Practical implications: The research is of both theoretical significance and practical value in improving the accuracy of automatic indexing of multilingual documents(not confined to Chinese-English mixed documents). The proposed method will benefit not only the indexing of life science documents but also the indexing of documents in other subject areas.Originality/value: So far,few studies have been published about the method for increasing the accuracy of multilingual automatic indexing. This study will provide insights into the automatic indexing of multilingual documents,especially Chinese-English mixed documents.
基金supported by MOST under Grants No.105-2410-H-468-010 and No.105-2221-E-468-019
文摘The concept of dual image reversible data hiding（DIRDH） is the technique that can produce two camouflage images after embedding secret data into one original image.Moreover,not only can the secret data be extracted from two camouflage images but also the original image can be recovered.To achieve high image quality,Lu et al.＇s method applied least-significant-bit（LSB） matching revisited to DIRDH.In order to further improve the image quality,the proposed method modifies LSB matching revisited rules and applies them to DIRDH.According to the experimental results,the image quality of the proposed method is better than that of Lu et al.＇s method.
