As the closest celestial body to the Earth, the moon is a hot spot for international space science research at present. Countries around the world have conducted lunar exploration time after time, among which, China’...As the closest celestial body to the Earth, the moon is a hot spot for international space science research at present. Countries around the world have conducted lunar exploration time after time, among which, China’s Lunar Exploration Program has achieved 6 consecutive successful lunar missions. China has made a series of significant achievements in deep space exploration, and its cooperation with international partners is increasingly strengthened. In order to gather global space power and scientists’ wisdom, the International lunar Research Station(ILRS) is proposed by China and will be jointly constructed by many countries, which will be equipped with the support capabilities of energy supply, central control, communications and navigation, space-Earth round-trip transportation, lunar surface scientific research, and ground support. All international partners are encouraged to jointly develop and build the ILRS, and to jointly initiate the establishment of the International Lunar Research Station Cooperation Organization(ILRSCO) to achieve the long-term effective, operation and management of the station. The vast universe sparks the exploration dream of humankind, so let’s set sail together.展开更多
作战效能指数是作战效能的综合性度量,是作战效能评估的基础。目前常用的两类作战效能指数,基于指标体系的指数可信度不高,基于效果的指数不能用于作战效能预测。针对这些问题,对基于效果的指数"作战能力损失比"进行改进,用&q...作战效能指数是作战效能的综合性度量,是作战效能评估的基础。目前常用的两类作战效能指数,基于指标体系的指数可信度不高,基于效果的指数不能用于作战效能预测。针对这些问题,对基于效果的指数"作战能力损失比"进行改进,用"重要性"代替"能力",用"概率损失"替代"实际损失",提出一种重要性损失概率比指数,即ILR指数(Ratio of Importance Loss Probability)。ILR指数是关于重要性、可行性和成本性的综合指数,弥补了作战能力损失交换比未考虑网络级重要性和不能用于作战效能预测的问题。实例验证了ILR指数的有效性。展开更多
The integration of photovoltaic power generation is a new development into the traction power supply system(TPSS). However, traditional research on the TPSS operation strategy has not fully considered the risk of unce...The integration of photovoltaic power generation is a new development into the traction power supply system(TPSS). However, traditional research on the TPSS operation strategy has not fully considered the risk of uncertainty in photovoltaic power output. To this end, we propose an operation strategy for the rail transit green energy system that considers the uncertainty risk of photovoltaic power output. First, we establish a regenerative braking energy utilization model that considers the impact of time-of-use(TOU) electricity price on the utilization efficiency and economic profit of regenerative braking energy and compensates for non-traction load. Then, we propose an operation strategy based on the balance of power supply and demand that uses an improved light robust(ILR) model to minimize the total cost of the rail transit green energy system, considering the risk of uncertainty in photovoltaic power output. The model incorporates the two-step load check on the second-level time scale to correct the operational results, solve the issue of different time resolutions between photovoltaic power and traction load, and achieve the coordinated optimization of risk cost and operation cost after photovoltaic integration. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed model can effectively consider the impact of the uncertainty in photovoltaic power output on the operation strategy, significantly improving the efficiency and economy of the system operation.展开更多
文摘As the closest celestial body to the Earth, the moon is a hot spot for international space science research at present. Countries around the world have conducted lunar exploration time after time, among which, China’s Lunar Exploration Program has achieved 6 consecutive successful lunar missions. China has made a series of significant achievements in deep space exploration, and its cooperation with international partners is increasingly strengthened. In order to gather global space power and scientists’ wisdom, the International lunar Research Station(ILRS) is proposed by China and will be jointly constructed by many countries, which will be equipped with the support capabilities of energy supply, central control, communications and navigation, space-Earth round-trip transportation, lunar surface scientific research, and ground support. All international partners are encouraged to jointly develop and build the ILRS, and to jointly initiate the establishment of the International Lunar Research Station Cooperation Organization(ILRSCO) to achieve the long-term effective, operation and management of the station. The vast universe sparks the exploration dream of humankind, so let’s set sail together.
文摘作战效能指数是作战效能的综合性度量,是作战效能评估的基础。目前常用的两类作战效能指数,基于指标体系的指数可信度不高,基于效果的指数不能用于作战效能预测。针对这些问题,对基于效果的指数"作战能力损失比"进行改进,用"重要性"代替"能力",用"概率损失"替代"实际损失",提出一种重要性损失概率比指数,即ILR指数(Ratio of Importance Loss Probability)。ILR指数是关于重要性、可行性和成本性的综合指数,弥补了作战能力损失交换比未考虑网络级重要性和不能用于作战效能预测的问题。实例验证了ILR指数的有效性。
基金This work was supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB2601502)in part by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation Program(No.L221002).
文摘The integration of photovoltaic power generation is a new development into the traction power supply system(TPSS). However, traditional research on the TPSS operation strategy has not fully considered the risk of uncertainty in photovoltaic power output. To this end, we propose an operation strategy for the rail transit green energy system that considers the uncertainty risk of photovoltaic power output. First, we establish a regenerative braking energy utilization model that considers the impact of time-of-use(TOU) electricity price on the utilization efficiency and economic profit of regenerative braking energy and compensates for non-traction load. Then, we propose an operation strategy based on the balance of power supply and demand that uses an improved light robust(ILR) model to minimize the total cost of the rail transit green energy system, considering the risk of uncertainty in photovoltaic power output. The model incorporates the two-step load check on the second-level time scale to correct the operational results, solve the issue of different time resolutions between photovoltaic power and traction load, and achieve the coordinated optimization of risk cost and operation cost after photovoltaic integration. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed model can effectively consider the impact of the uncertainty in photovoltaic power output on the operation strategy, significantly improving the efficiency and economy of the system operation.
