Dynamic mixed-mode I/II crack growth under various engineering disturbances can result in rock failure and even catastrophic events.Nevertheless,the dynamic cracking behaviour of rock and fracture criterion for mixed-...Dynamic mixed-mode I/II crack growth under various engineering disturbances can result in rock failure and even catastrophic events.Nevertheless,the dynamic cracking behaviour of rock and fracture criterion for mixed-mode I/II remain poorly understood.Cracked straight-through Brazilian disc tests were performed on sandstone specimens to examine the effects of strain rate(ε˙)and loading angle(β)on the dynamic fracture behaviour of mixed-mode I/II using a split Hopkinson pressure bar system.The generalized maximum tangential stress(GMTS)criterion was modified by considering the influence ofβand crack propagation velocity(CPV)to estimate the dynamic fracture parameters.The results indicate that the CPV increases with increasingε˙,while remaining nearly independent ofβ.βandε˙strongly affect the dynamic mixed-mode fracturing process.The crack initiation angle changes slightly with increasingε˙,and it first increases and then stabilizes asβincreases.Whenβexceeds 60°andε˙is lower than approximately 10^(2)s^(−1),the crack initiation location transitions from the crack tip to the centre region of the crack.Whenε˙is greater than approximately 10^(2)s^(−1),the non-tip cracking disappears gradually.The dynamic failure characteristics of specimens can be divided into four main types,which occur successively with increasingβandε˙.Additionally,the dynamic stress intensity factors and crack initiation angles predicted by the modified GMTS criterion are generally consistent with the experimental results for different CPVs.This study provides valuable insights into the detailed dynamic mixed-mode cracking behaviour and fracture criterion of rock.展开更多
This study employed integrated multi-omics approaches to elucidate,from the perspective of amino acid metabolism,the adaptive mechanism of Penicillium digitatum under modified atmosphere packaging(MAP)conditions.Compa...This study employed integrated multi-omics approaches to elucidate,from the perspective of amino acid metabolism,the adaptive mechanism of Penicillium digitatum under modified atmosphere packaging(MAP)conditions.Comparative analysis of natural air(Air),controlled atmosphere(CA),and MAP treatments revealed that MAP upregulated the expression of the hercynylcysteine S-oxide synthase(HCSOS),aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH),and monoamine oxidase(MAO)genes,thereby enhancing histidine-derived ergothioneine and methionine levels,and subsequently boosting glutathione-mediated redox homeostasis.Meanwhile,MAP induced the expression of the dihydroxyacid dehydratase(DHAD),saccharopine dehydrogenase(SDH),and arginosuccinate lyase(ASL)genes,redirecting valine,lysine,and arginine into the tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle to fuel ATP production.MAP also enhanced ASL-mediated arginine degradation and urea cycle activity,reducing arginine accumulation when compared to CA treatment.In contrast,while MAP induced upregulated expression of the pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase(P5CDH)and D-amino acid oxidase(DAAO)genes,CA treatment promoted proline accumulation,reflecting stress-specific metabolic flexibility.Collectively,these findings demonstrate that MAP triggers transcriptional reprogramming of amino acid metabolism to coordinate oxidative defense,energy generation,and osmotic balance.By modulating these metabolic pathways and regulatory genes under MAP conditions,fungal adaptability can be disrupted.Hence,this study provides a promising strategy for suppressing green mold development,extending the postharvest shelf life,and improving the quality of fruits and vegetables.展开更多
The addition of high-content crumb rubber(HCCR)in asphalt can effectively address waste tire pollution and provide sustainable environmental and economic advantages.However,the practical application of conventional ru...The addition of high-content crumb rubber(HCCR)in asphalt can effectively address waste tire pollution and provide sustainable environmental and economic advantages.However,the practical application of conventional rubberized binders is significantly limited by high viscosity and poor storage stability.To address these issues,researchers have pretreated crumb rubber(CR)with oil,but high-temperature performance remains insufficient.Therefore,this study aimed to optimize the viscosity,storage stability,and rheological properties of high-content crumb rubber-modified asphalt(HCCRMA)by varying the pretreatment levels of CR and incorporating various additives,including styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS),deoiled asphalt(DA),or recycled low-density polyethylene(RLDPE).In addition,CR was pretreated with waste cooking oil(WCO)at various ratios,pre-swelling temperatures,and times.The results show that DA exhibits excellent storage stability and lower viscosity compared with other modifiers in HCCRMA,and the 4%RLDPE with pretreated HCCR has the greatest high-temperature rutting resistance.The inclusion of RLDPE increases the stiffness and elasticity of the modified asphalt,which results in greater high-temperature performance.Additionally,the fluorescence microscopy(FM)test confirms that SBS exhibits better dispersion than other modifiers and forms a more homogeneous phase separation in the HCCRMA.All in all,this research achieved an optimal balance of storage stability and rheological properties in asphalt modified with pretreated HCCR and 6%SBS,which provides a valuable reference for performance improvement of HCCR-modified binders.展开更多
Flubendiamide is a commonly used pesticide with low water solubility and a high organic carbon sorption constant,causing it to adhere to soil particles and negatively impact soil ecosystems.First,chili plant stems,typ...Flubendiamide is a commonly used pesticide with low water solubility and a high organic carbon sorption constant,causing it to adhere to soil particles and negatively impact soil ecosystems.First,chili plant stems,typically discarded after the harvest season,represent an abundant local biomass resource with significant potential for utilization,and were converted into biochar through pyrolysis.Here,we describe the synthesis of biochar modified with iron and chitosan to increase the diversity of functions and surface functional groups of biochar.The resulting chitosan-modified magnetic biochar(CMBC)presents a full range of functional groups of chitosan and iron oxide as shown by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.The correlation between flubendiamide concentration and the dose of biochar on adsorption was explored.The flubendiamide adsorption efficiency of CMBC(1%mass ratio of soil)reached 68.03%in 90 min.The highest adsorption capacity achieved was 0.95 mg·g^(−1).The flubendiamide adsorption mechanism by CMBC can be described with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The experiment data closely fit a Freundlich isotherm model(R^(2)=0.998),and the low residual sum of squares values demonstrate the high model applicability.In this study,we present a comprehensive overview of pesticides,alongside kinetic and isotherm model studies of flubendiamide adsorption by CMBC.We emphasize the potential of modified biochar to enhance environmental remediation applications.展开更多
Our analysis is particularly motivated by its relevance to understanding compact object instabilities,gravitational collapse thresholds,and the formation of dense structures under the influence of modified gravity the...Our analysis is particularly motivated by its relevance to understanding compact object instabilities,gravitational collapse thresholds,and the formation of dense structures under the influence of modified gravity theories.The interplay of anisotropic pressures,perturbative dynamics,and modified gravity contributions offers insight into both the stable configuration of dense fluids and the mechanisms leading to dynamical instability.Such considerations directly contribute to the aims of high energy density profiles,particularly in modeling physical systems where extreme pressure,curvature,and matter interactions co-exist.We consider an axially symmetric,dense structure with anisotropic matter content and employ a specific equation of state(EoS)to examine the interplay between static and dynamic quantities via the adiabatic index.To address the complex dynamics of the collapse process,a perturbative scheme is utilized under Newtonian and post-Newtonian approximations,enabling a detailed examination of the stability and structural evolution of the system under the influence of the considered minimally coupled gravity.Our results demonstrate that hydrostatic equilibrium is maintained when effective pressure,gravitational,and anti-gravitational forces are balanced,while deviations from this balance initiate dynamical instability.Graphical representations of stable and unstable regimes are presented,revealing how the choice of gravity functions significantly affects the outcome.This work provides insight into the behavior of dense,self-gravitating configurations under modified gravity,offering broader implications for the modeling of compact astrophysical objects and contributing to the understanding of gravitational collapse in energy density regimes.展开更多
Oral immunization is an alternative or supplementary approach that can significantly improve dog vaccination coverage,especially for free-roaming dogs.Safe and effective oral rabies vaccines for dogs are still being s...Oral immunization is an alternative or supplementary approach that can significantly improve dog vaccination coverage,especially for free-roaming dogs.Safe and effective oral rabies vaccines for dogs are still being sought.In our previous studies,we generated a genetically modified rabies virus(RABV) ERA strain,rERAG_(333E),containing a mutation from arginine(Arg,R) to glutamic acid(Glu,E) at residue 333 of the G protein(G_(333E)).Our previous results demonstrated that rERAG_(333E) was safe for adult mice and dogs,and oral vaccination with rERAG_(333E) induced a strong and long-lasting protective immune response in dogs.Here,we further investigated the safety and immunogenicity of rERAG_(333E) in nontarget species,including suckling mice,rhesus monkeys,foxes,raccoon dogs,piglets,goats,and sheep.Suckling mice studies demonstrated that the G_(333E) mutation significantly reduced the virulence of the ERA strain.All of the suckling mice aged 10 days and above survived and showed no apparent signs of disease after intracerebral inoculation with rERAG_(333E).Animal studies demonstrated that rERAG_(333E) was safe in rhesus monkeys,foxes,raccoon dogs,piglets,goats,and sheep.None of those animals inoculated orally with 10 times the intended field dose of rERAG_(333E) showed abnormal clinical signs before and after the booster immunization with Rabvac 3,an inactivated rabies vaccine.Meanwhile,oral inoculation with rERAG_(333E) induced strong neutralizing antibody(NA) responses to RABV in rhesus monkeys,foxes,raccoon dogs,and piglets.These results demonstrated that rERAG_(333E) has the potential to serve as a safe oral rabies vaccine for dogs.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of modified Shoutai pills(改良寿胎丸,MSTP)in miscarriages,we performed transcriptome sequencing on the decidua and placental tissues of pregnancy mice.METHODS:Th...OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of modified Shoutai pills(改良寿胎丸,MSTP)in miscarriages,we performed transcriptome sequencing on the decidua and placental tissues of pregnancy mice.METHODS:The therapeutic effects and antiinflammatory mechanisms of MSTP were studied in mice with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced miscarriage.First,the effects of MSTP on pregnancy outcomes and the maternal-fetal interface,in LPS-induced miscarriage mice were examined.RNA sequencing was used to further investigate gene expression changes in LPS-induced miscarriage mice and to assess the effects of MSTP intervention.Finally,the expression levels of inflammation-related genes in the decidua and placental tissues were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR).RESULTS:A high dose of MSTP significantly decreased the resorption rate(P<0.05)and reduced apoptosis of the decidua and placental tissues in mice.Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses showed that inflammatory and immune-related signals were enriched.q RT-PCR results confirmed that in decidual and placental tissues,MSTP reduced the gene expression levels of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1,p38,and tumor necrosis factor-α.CONCLUSIONS:In this study,we demonstrated that MSTP effectively prevented embryo loss with an antiinflammatory mechanism through downregulation of the TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway,in LPS-induced miscarriage mice model.To our knowledge,this is the first study to reveal the therapeutic mechanism of MSTP in LPS-induced miscarriage in mice.展开更多
The rapid increase in traffic loads and frequencies has rendered conventional asphalt pavement inadequate to maintain its durability under tropical climates.This challenge has necessitated the exploration of new sourc...The rapid increase in traffic loads and frequencies has rendered conventional asphalt pavement inadequate to maintain its durability under tropical climates.This challenge has necessitated the exploration of new sources of modified asphalt with enhanced stiffness and superior performance at high temperatures.Natural rubber(NR)is a renewable biopolymer that has received growing interest as a modifier for asphalt binders.Cup lump rubber(CLR),a type of NR,is used to enhance asphalt properties and improve the performance of road pavements.This study evaluates the influence of wax-based surfactants(WS)on CLR-modified asphalt binder(CMB).The assessment focuses on changes in chemical characteristics,rheological behaviour,activation energy,and morphology.Four concentrations of WS(0.1%,0.15%,0.2%,and 0.25%)were incorporated into CMB.Analysis of CMB chemical changes showed that viscosity increased due to higher sulfoxide,carbonyl,and aromatic bond indices.These chemical modifications contributed to improved resistance of the binder to heat-induced deterioration.In both unaged and aged CMB samples,the incorporation of WS reduced the sulfoxide index of the binder.Rheological analysis indicated that CMB improved rutting resistance and anti-ageing performance,while WS further enhanced fatigue resistance.Activation energy analysis suggested that the combination of CMB with 0.15%WS produced the most favourable enhancement.Micrograph results showed that WS improved binder homogeneity and interconnectivity.In conclusion,the findings indicated that incorporating 0.15%WS into CMB enhanced the performance and durability of the asphalt pavement.展开更多
Acid is commonly used to separate phosphorus-containing solid solutions from steelmaking slag.However,the acid leaching solution obtained from this process cannot be directly utilized and thus requires purification.Th...Acid is commonly used to separate phosphorus-containing solid solutions from steelmaking slag.However,the acid leaching solution obtained from this process cannot be directly utilized and thus requires purification.The effect of different conditions on the calcium and iron removal characteristics of modified steelmaking slag leaching solution was investigated.Additionally,the removal mechanism was analyzed by thermodynamic calculations.The results indicated that the addition of soybean straw ash in steelmaking slag modification enabled K_(2)O to enter the phosphorus-containing solid solution,promoting phosphorus enrichment.Valuable elements such as phosphorus and potassium were more easily dissolved in the mixed acid.The oxalic acid concentration had a significant effect on the calcium removal rate,whereas the effects of temperature,stirring rate,and time on the calcium removal rate were minor.The main component of the calcium removal precipitate was CaC_(2)O_(4)·H_(2)O,with a removal rate up to 94.48%.During the iron removal process,when the pH value of the solution was low,Fe^(3+)mainly reacted to form the iron hydroxide precipitate for removal.Increasing the pH value of the solution would cause Fe^(3+)to combine with H_(2)PO_(4)^(-),forming FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O precipitate,leading to a reduction in the phosphorus content of the leaching solution.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52325404 and 52504094)Shenzhen University 2035 Initiative(Grant No.2022B001).
文摘Dynamic mixed-mode I/II crack growth under various engineering disturbances can result in rock failure and even catastrophic events.Nevertheless,the dynamic cracking behaviour of rock and fracture criterion for mixed-mode I/II remain poorly understood.Cracked straight-through Brazilian disc tests were performed on sandstone specimens to examine the effects of strain rate(ε˙)and loading angle(β)on the dynamic fracture behaviour of mixed-mode I/II using a split Hopkinson pressure bar system.The generalized maximum tangential stress(GMTS)criterion was modified by considering the influence ofβand crack propagation velocity(CPV)to estimate the dynamic fracture parameters.The results indicate that the CPV increases with increasingε˙,while remaining nearly independent ofβ.βandε˙strongly affect the dynamic mixed-mode fracturing process.The crack initiation angle changes slightly with increasingε˙,and it first increases and then stabilizes asβincreases.Whenβexceeds 60°andε˙is lower than approximately 10^(2)s^(−1),the crack initiation location transitions from the crack tip to the centre region of the crack.Whenε˙is greater than approximately 10^(2)s^(−1),the non-tip cracking disappears gradually.The dynamic failure characteristics of specimens can be divided into four main types,which occur successively with increasingβandε˙.Additionally,the dynamic stress intensity factors and crack initiation angles predicted by the modified GMTS criterion are generally consistent with the experimental results for different CPVs.This study provides valuable insights into the detailed dynamic mixed-mode cracking behaviour and fracture criterion of rock.
文摘This study employed integrated multi-omics approaches to elucidate,from the perspective of amino acid metabolism,the adaptive mechanism of Penicillium digitatum under modified atmosphere packaging(MAP)conditions.Comparative analysis of natural air(Air),controlled atmosphere(CA),and MAP treatments revealed that MAP upregulated the expression of the hercynylcysteine S-oxide synthase(HCSOS),aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH),and monoamine oxidase(MAO)genes,thereby enhancing histidine-derived ergothioneine and methionine levels,and subsequently boosting glutathione-mediated redox homeostasis.Meanwhile,MAP induced the expression of the dihydroxyacid dehydratase(DHAD),saccharopine dehydrogenase(SDH),and arginosuccinate lyase(ASL)genes,redirecting valine,lysine,and arginine into the tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle to fuel ATP production.MAP also enhanced ASL-mediated arginine degradation and urea cycle activity,reducing arginine accumulation when compared to CA treatment.In contrast,while MAP induced upregulated expression of the pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase(P5CDH)and D-amino acid oxidase(DAAO)genes,CA treatment promoted proline accumulation,reflecting stress-specific metabolic flexibility.Collectively,these findings demonstrate that MAP triggers transcriptional reprogramming of amino acid metabolism to coordinate oxidative defense,energy generation,and osmotic balance.By modulating these metabolic pathways and regulatory genes under MAP conditions,fungal adaptability can be disrupted.Hence,this study provides a promising strategy for suppressing green mold development,extending the postharvest shelf life,and improving the quality of fruits and vegetables.
基金supported by the Transportation Science and Technology Program of Henan Province(grant number:2023-4-2)the Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Science and Technology Department(grant number:2022BEG02008)+2 种基金China Communications Construction Group Co.,Ltd.Science and Technology R&D Project(grant number:2021KJW02)the Research and Development Program of Henan Transportation Investment Group Co.,Ltd.(grant number:HNJT2025-1-9)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(grand number:GZC20251139).
文摘The addition of high-content crumb rubber(HCCR)in asphalt can effectively address waste tire pollution and provide sustainable environmental and economic advantages.However,the practical application of conventional rubberized binders is significantly limited by high viscosity and poor storage stability.To address these issues,researchers have pretreated crumb rubber(CR)with oil,but high-temperature performance remains insufficient.Therefore,this study aimed to optimize the viscosity,storage stability,and rheological properties of high-content crumb rubber-modified asphalt(HCCRMA)by varying the pretreatment levels of CR and incorporating various additives,including styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS),deoiled asphalt(DA),or recycled low-density polyethylene(RLDPE).In addition,CR was pretreated with waste cooking oil(WCO)at various ratios,pre-swelling temperatures,and times.The results show that DA exhibits excellent storage stability and lower viscosity compared with other modifiers in HCCRMA,and the 4%RLDPE with pretreated HCCR has the greatest high-temperature rutting resistance.The inclusion of RLDPE increases the stiffness and elasticity of the modified asphalt,which results in greater high-temperature performance.Additionally,the fluorescence microscopy(FM)test confirms that SBS exhibits better dispersion than other modifiers and forms a more homogeneous phase separation in the HCCRMA.All in all,this research achieved an optimal balance of storage stability and rheological properties in asphalt modified with pretreated HCCR and 6%SBS,which provides a valuable reference for performance improvement of HCCR-modified binders.
基金supported by research funds of Jeonbuk National University in 2024 and partly supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2019R1A2C1006441)from the Ministry of Education.
文摘Flubendiamide is a commonly used pesticide with low water solubility and a high organic carbon sorption constant,causing it to adhere to soil particles and negatively impact soil ecosystems.First,chili plant stems,typically discarded after the harvest season,represent an abundant local biomass resource with significant potential for utilization,and were converted into biochar through pyrolysis.Here,we describe the synthesis of biochar modified with iron and chitosan to increase the diversity of functions and surface functional groups of biochar.The resulting chitosan-modified magnetic biochar(CMBC)presents a full range of functional groups of chitosan and iron oxide as shown by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.The correlation between flubendiamide concentration and the dose of biochar on adsorption was explored.The flubendiamide adsorption efficiency of CMBC(1%mass ratio of soil)reached 68.03%in 90 min.The highest adsorption capacity achieved was 0.95 mg·g^(−1).The flubendiamide adsorption mechanism by CMBC can be described with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The experiment data closely fit a Freundlich isotherm model(R^(2)=0.998),and the low residual sum of squares values demonstrate the high model applicability.In this study,we present a comprehensive overview of pesticides,alongside kinetic and isotherm model studies of flubendiamide adsorption by CMBC.We emphasize the potential of modified biochar to enhance environmental remediation applications.
文摘Our analysis is particularly motivated by its relevance to understanding compact object instabilities,gravitational collapse thresholds,and the formation of dense structures under the influence of modified gravity theories.The interplay of anisotropic pressures,perturbative dynamics,and modified gravity contributions offers insight into both the stable configuration of dense fluids and the mechanisms leading to dynamical instability.Such considerations directly contribute to the aims of high energy density profiles,particularly in modeling physical systems where extreme pressure,curvature,and matter interactions co-exist.We consider an axially symmetric,dense structure with anisotropic matter content and employ a specific equation of state(EoS)to examine the interplay between static and dynamic quantities via the adiabatic index.To address the complex dynamics of the collapse process,a perturbative scheme is utilized under Newtonian and post-Newtonian approximations,enabling a detailed examination of the stability and structural evolution of the system under the influence of the considered minimally coupled gravity.Our results demonstrate that hydrostatic equilibrium is maintained when effective pressure,gravitational,and anti-gravitational forces are balanced,while deviations from this balance initiate dynamical instability.Graphical representations of stable and unstable regimes are presented,revealing how the choice of gravity functions significantly affects the outcome.This work provides insight into the behavior of dense,self-gravitating configurations under modified gravity,offering broader implications for the modeling of compact astrophysical objects and contributing to the understanding of gravitational collapse in energy density regimes.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China (YQ2022C040)。
文摘Oral immunization is an alternative or supplementary approach that can significantly improve dog vaccination coverage,especially for free-roaming dogs.Safe and effective oral rabies vaccines for dogs are still being sought.In our previous studies,we generated a genetically modified rabies virus(RABV) ERA strain,rERAG_(333E),containing a mutation from arginine(Arg,R) to glutamic acid(Glu,E) at residue 333 of the G protein(G_(333E)).Our previous results demonstrated that rERAG_(333E) was safe for adult mice and dogs,and oral vaccination with rERAG_(333E) induced a strong and long-lasting protective immune response in dogs.Here,we further investigated the safety and immunogenicity of rERAG_(333E) in nontarget species,including suckling mice,rhesus monkeys,foxes,raccoon dogs,piglets,goats,and sheep.Suckling mice studies demonstrated that the G_(333E) mutation significantly reduced the virulence of the ERA strain.All of the suckling mice aged 10 days and above survived and showed no apparent signs of disease after intracerebral inoculation with rERAG_(333E).Animal studies demonstrated that rERAG_(333E) was safe in rhesus monkeys,foxes,raccoon dogs,piglets,goats,and sheep.None of those animals inoculated orally with 10 times the intended field dose of rERAG_(333E) showed abnormal clinical signs before and after the booster immunization with Rabvac 3,an inactivated rabies vaccine.Meanwhile,oral inoculation with rERAG_(333E) induced strong neutralizing antibody(NA) responses to RABV in rhesus monkeys,foxes,raccoon dogs,and piglets.These results demonstrated that rERAG_(333E) has the potential to serve as a safe oral rabies vaccine for dogs.
基金Supported by the‘Pioneer’R&D Program of Zhejiang:Research on Key Technologies for the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine New Drugs(No.2023C03004)National Key Research and Development Program of China:Mechanism Study and Clinical Exploration of Electroacupuncture Promoting Immune Normalization+4 种基金Supporting the Body and Inhibiting Cancer,Synergistic Programmed Death Receptor 1/Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Monoclonal Antibody therapy for Intestinal and Biliary Tumors(No.2023YFC3504600)Zhejiang Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project:Clinical Metabolomics Based Discovery of Effective Markers for Nourishing Yin of Radix Ophiopogonis in the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes(No.GZY-ZJKJ-24076)the‘Pioneer’R&D Program of Zhejiang:Analysis of the Complex System of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Development of New Chinese Medicine Drugs-Analysis of the Complex Cross Organ Action Mode of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Anti-Coronary Heart Disease and Blood Stasis Syndrome and Development of New Drugs(No.2024C03106)Health and Medicinal Research Fund from Health Burden,Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China:Chinese Versus Western Medicine for Threatened Miscarriage:Abridged Secondary Publication(No.15160971)Transverse Research Project of Zhejiang University:Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Big Health Formula for Reproductive Health(No.2023-KYY-A070350007)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of modified Shoutai pills(改良寿胎丸,MSTP)in miscarriages,we performed transcriptome sequencing on the decidua and placental tissues of pregnancy mice.METHODS:The therapeutic effects and antiinflammatory mechanisms of MSTP were studied in mice with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced miscarriage.First,the effects of MSTP on pregnancy outcomes and the maternal-fetal interface,in LPS-induced miscarriage mice were examined.RNA sequencing was used to further investigate gene expression changes in LPS-induced miscarriage mice and to assess the effects of MSTP intervention.Finally,the expression levels of inflammation-related genes in the decidua and placental tissues were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR).RESULTS:A high dose of MSTP significantly decreased the resorption rate(P<0.05)and reduced apoptosis of the decidua and placental tissues in mice.Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses showed that inflammatory and immune-related signals were enriched.q RT-PCR results confirmed that in decidual and placental tissues,MSTP reduced the gene expression levels of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1,p38,and tumor necrosis factor-α.CONCLUSIONS:In this study,we demonstrated that MSTP effectively prevented embryo loss with an antiinflammatory mechanism through downregulation of the TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway,in LPS-induced miscarriage mice model.To our knowledge,this is the first study to reveal the therapeutic mechanism of MSTP in LPS-induced miscarriage in mice.
基金the financial support provided under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS),Project Code:FRGS/1/2021/TK01/USM/02/1,which made this research possible,The kind assistance and collaboration of all material suppliers were also gratefully acknowledged.Additional appreciation is extended to the Public Works Department Malaysia for the scholarship provided through the Hadiah Latihan Persekutuan programme for professional and managerial officers pursuing doctoral studies(JPA-1-840622086040)The APC was funded by Prof.Hui Yao from Beijing University of Technology.
文摘The rapid increase in traffic loads and frequencies has rendered conventional asphalt pavement inadequate to maintain its durability under tropical climates.This challenge has necessitated the exploration of new sources of modified asphalt with enhanced stiffness and superior performance at high temperatures.Natural rubber(NR)is a renewable biopolymer that has received growing interest as a modifier for asphalt binders.Cup lump rubber(CLR),a type of NR,is used to enhance asphalt properties and improve the performance of road pavements.This study evaluates the influence of wax-based surfactants(WS)on CLR-modified asphalt binder(CMB).The assessment focuses on changes in chemical characteristics,rheological behaviour,activation energy,and morphology.Four concentrations of WS(0.1%,0.15%,0.2%,and 0.25%)were incorporated into CMB.Analysis of CMB chemical changes showed that viscosity increased due to higher sulfoxide,carbonyl,and aromatic bond indices.These chemical modifications contributed to improved resistance of the binder to heat-induced deterioration.In both unaged and aged CMB samples,the incorporation of WS reduced the sulfoxide index of the binder.Rheological analysis indicated that CMB improved rutting resistance and anti-ageing performance,while WS further enhanced fatigue resistance.Activation energy analysis suggested that the combination of CMB with 0.15%WS produced the most favourable enhancement.Micrograph results showed that WS improved binder homogeneity and interconnectivity.In conclusion,the findings indicated that incorporating 0.15%WS into CMB enhanced the performance and durability of the asphalt pavement.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52074004 and 51604003)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2508085Y032).
文摘Acid is commonly used to separate phosphorus-containing solid solutions from steelmaking slag.However,the acid leaching solution obtained from this process cannot be directly utilized and thus requires purification.The effect of different conditions on the calcium and iron removal characteristics of modified steelmaking slag leaching solution was investigated.Additionally,the removal mechanism was analyzed by thermodynamic calculations.The results indicated that the addition of soybean straw ash in steelmaking slag modification enabled K_(2)O to enter the phosphorus-containing solid solution,promoting phosphorus enrichment.Valuable elements such as phosphorus and potassium were more easily dissolved in the mixed acid.The oxalic acid concentration had a significant effect on the calcium removal rate,whereas the effects of temperature,stirring rate,and time on the calcium removal rate were minor.The main component of the calcium removal precipitate was CaC_(2)O_(4)·H_(2)O,with a removal rate up to 94.48%.During the iron removal process,when the pH value of the solution was low,Fe^(3+)mainly reacted to form the iron hydroxide precipitate for removal.Increasing the pH value of the solution would cause Fe^(3+)to combine with H_(2)PO_(4)^(-),forming FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O precipitate,leading to a reduction in the phosphorus content of the leaching solution.
