Over the next 20 years,China's urban rail transit(hereinafter referred to as'urban rail')will face large-scalerenovation of existing line facilities and equipment,with more than 1000 km of renovated lines ...Over the next 20 years,China's urban rail transit(hereinafter referred to as'urban rail')will face large-scalerenovation of existing line facilities and equipment,with more than 1000 km of renovated lines to be added eachyear.In 2024,the China Association of Metros issued the Guiding Opinions on the Renovation of Existing UrbanRail Transit Lines in China,providing guiding opinions on norms,standards,and implementation approaches forthe renovation of existing lines in the coming period.In the practical work of renovating existing urban rail lines,it is necessary to continuously explore and refine relevant theoretical methods in line with industry developmenttrends and urban development requirements.The following are the author's recent reflections on theoreticalinnovation in this field.展开更多
In Wuhu,urban renewal has not only transformed the development process,but improved people’s lives.DURING the 14th Five-Year Plan period(2021-2025),urban renewal has served as a crucial measure to promote high-qualit...In Wuhu,urban renewal has not only transformed the development process,but improved people’s lives.DURING the 14th Five-Year Plan period(2021-2025),urban renewal has served as a crucial measure to promote high-quality urban development and continuously meet people’s growing aspirations for a better life.Wuhu,in central China’s Anhui Province,has consistently enhanced its urban functions and services to build a modern,people-oriented city that is innovative,livable,beautiful,resilient,and smart.展开更多
China is carving out a distinctive development path which features urban-rural integration.This approach has not only yielded tangible results domestically but also drawn the attention of other countries.
Traffic at urban intersections frequently encounters unexpected obstructions,resulting in congestion due to uncooperative and priority-based driving behavior.This paper presents an optimal right-turn coordination syst...Traffic at urban intersections frequently encounters unexpected obstructions,resulting in congestion due to uncooperative and priority-based driving behavior.This paper presents an optimal right-turn coordination system for Connected and Automated Vehicles(CAVs)at single-lane intersections,particularly in the context of left-hand side driving on roads.The goal is to facilitate smooth right turns for certain vehicles without creating bottlenecks.We consider that all approaching vehicles share relevant information through vehicular communications.The Intersection Coordination Unit(ICU)processes this information and communicates the optimal crossing or turning times to the vehicles.The primary objective of this coordination is to minimize overall traffic delays,which also helps improve the fuel consumption of vehicles.By considering information from upcoming vehicles at the intersection,the coordination system solves an optimization problem to determine the best timing for executing right turns,ultimately minimizing the total delay for all vehicles.The proposed coordination system is evaluated at a typical urban intersection,and its performance is compared to traditional traffic systems.Numerical simulation results indicate that the proposed coordination system significantly enhances the average traffic speed and fuel consumption compared to the traditional traffic system in various scenarios.展开更多
The long-standing use of portable toilet cubicles by residents of Shanghai’s narrow,labyrinthine alleys came to an end in September 2025 after the city largely finished building public toilets to make up their lack o...The long-standing use of portable toilet cubicles by residents of Shanghai’s narrow,labyrinthine alleys came to an end in September 2025 after the city largely finished building public toilets to make up their lack of sanitation facilities.The project,targeting 14,082 households,started last year.展开更多
Ensuring reliable power supply in urban distribution networks is a complex and critical task.To address the increased demand during extreme scenarios,this paper proposes an optimal dispatch strategy that considers the...Ensuring reliable power supply in urban distribution networks is a complex and critical task.To address the increased demand during extreme scenarios,this paper proposes an optimal dispatch strategy that considers the coordination with virtual power plants(VPPs).The proposed strategy improves systemflexibility and responsiveness by optimizing the power adjustment of flexible resources.In the proposed strategy,theGaussian Process Regression(GPR)is firstly employed to determine the adjustable range of aggregated power within the VPP,facilitating an assessment of its potential contribution to power supply support.Then,an optimal dispatch model based on a leader-follower game is developed to maximize the benefits of the VPP and flexible resources while guaranteeing the power balance at the same time.To solve the proposed optimal dispatch model efficiently,the constraints of the problem are reformulated and resolved using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)optimality conditions and linear programming duality theorem.The effectiveness of the strategy is illustrated through a detailed case study.展开更多
The evolution of cities into digitally managed environments requires computational systems that can operate in real time while supporting predictive and adaptive infrastructure management.Earlier approaches have often...The evolution of cities into digitally managed environments requires computational systems that can operate in real time while supporting predictive and adaptive infrastructure management.Earlier approaches have often advanced one dimension—such as Internet of Things(IoT)-based data acquisition,Artificial Intelligence(AI)-driven analytics,or digital twin visualization—without fully integrating these strands into a single operational loop.As a result,many existing solutions encounter bottlenecks in responsiveness,interoperability,and scalability,while also leaving concerns about data privacy unresolved.This research introduces a hybrid AI–IoT–Digital Twin framework that combines continuous sensing,distributed intelligence,and simulation-based decision support.The design incorporates multi-source sensor data,lightweight edge inference through Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)and Long ShortTerm Memory(LSTM)models,and federated learning enhanced with secure aggregation and differential privacy to maintain confidentiality.A digital twin layer extends these capabilities by simulating city assets such as traffic flows and water networks,generating what-if scenarios,and issuing actionable control signals.Complementary modules,including model compression and synchronization protocols,are embedded to ensure reliability in bandwidth-constrained and heterogeneous urban environments.The framework is validated in two urban domains:traffic management,where it adapts signal cycles based on real-time congestion patterns,and pipeline monitoring,where it anticipates leaks through pressure and vibration data.Experimental results show a 28%reduction in response time,a 35%decrease in maintenance costs,and a marked reduction in false positives relative to conventional baselines.The architecture also demonstrates stability across 50+edge devices under federated training and resilience to uneven node participation.The proposed system provides a scalable and privacy-aware foundation for predictive urban infrastructure management.By closing the loop between sensing,learning,and control,it reduces operator dependence,enhances resource efficiency,and supports transparent governance models for emerging smart cities.展开更多
This paper addresses urban sustainability challenges amid global urbanization, emphasizing the need for innova tive approaches aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals. While traditional tools and linear models ...This paper addresses urban sustainability challenges amid global urbanization, emphasizing the need for innova tive approaches aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals. While traditional tools and linear models offer insights, they fall short in presenting a holistic view of complex urban challenges. System dynamics (SD) models that are often utilized to provide holistic, systematic understanding of a research subject, like the urban system, emerge as valuable tools, but data scarcity and theoretical inadequacy pose challenges. The research reviews relevant papers on recent SD model applications in urban sustainability since 2018, categorizing them based on nine key indicators. Among the reviewed papers, data limitations and model assumptions were identified as ma jor challenges in applying SD models to urban sustainability. This led to exploring the transformative potential of big data analytics, a rare approach in this field as identified by this study, to enhance SD models’ empirical foundation. Integrating big data could provide data-driven calibration, potentially improving predictive accuracy and reducing reliance on simplified assumptions. The paper concludes by advocating for new approaches that reduce assumptions and promote real-time applicable models, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of urban sustainability through the synergy of big data and SD models.展开更多
Patna is among the cities high populated at risk of ecological and environmental deterioration due to a variety of human activities,such as poor land cover management.One of the most crucial elements of a successful l...Patna is among the cities high populated at risk of ecological and environmental deterioration due to a variety of human activities,such as poor land cover management.One of the most crucial elements of a successful land resource management plan is the evaluation of Land Use Land Cover(LULC).Over the past 20 years,our planet’s land cover resources have undergone substantial changes due to rapid development.The Land Use Land Cover(LULC)categories of the Patna Urban Agglomeration(PUA),including water bodies,agricultural land,barren land,built-up areas,and vegetation,were identified using Geographic Information System(GIS)techniques.Three multi-temporal images were analyzed and classified through supervised classification using the maximum likelihood method.By comparing three separately created LULC categorized maps from 1990 and 2024,temporal changes were analyzed.In order to update land cover or manage natural resources,it is vital to use change detection as a tool to identify changes in LULC over time in PUA,Patna between 1990,2010 and 2024.According to their respective Kappa coefficients,the accuracy rates for 1990,2010 and 2024 LULC are 91.66 and 94.93,respectively.An accuracy evaluation was conducted to determine the correctness of the classification system and to determine the efficacy of the LULC classification maps.One hundred reference test pixels were identified.There have been found significant changes in the LULC were built up area has increased doubled in last thirty-four years of timeline.展开更多
文摘Over the next 20 years,China's urban rail transit(hereinafter referred to as'urban rail')will face large-scalerenovation of existing line facilities and equipment,with more than 1000 km of renovated lines to be added eachyear.In 2024,the China Association of Metros issued the Guiding Opinions on the Renovation of Existing UrbanRail Transit Lines in China,providing guiding opinions on norms,standards,and implementation approaches forthe renovation of existing lines in the coming period.In the practical work of renovating existing urban rail lines,it is necessary to continuously explore and refine relevant theoretical methods in line with industry developmenttrends and urban development requirements.The following are the author's recent reflections on theoreticalinnovation in this field.
文摘In Wuhu,urban renewal has not only transformed the development process,but improved people’s lives.DURING the 14th Five-Year Plan period(2021-2025),urban renewal has served as a crucial measure to promote high-quality urban development and continuously meet people’s growing aspirations for a better life.Wuhu,in central China’s Anhui Province,has consistently enhanced its urban functions and services to build a modern,people-oriented city that is innovative,livable,beautiful,resilient,and smart.
文摘China is carving out a distinctive development path which features urban-rural integration.This approach has not only yielded tangible results domestically but also drawn the attention of other countries.
基金supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C)23K03898.
文摘Traffic at urban intersections frequently encounters unexpected obstructions,resulting in congestion due to uncooperative and priority-based driving behavior.This paper presents an optimal right-turn coordination system for Connected and Automated Vehicles(CAVs)at single-lane intersections,particularly in the context of left-hand side driving on roads.The goal is to facilitate smooth right turns for certain vehicles without creating bottlenecks.We consider that all approaching vehicles share relevant information through vehicular communications.The Intersection Coordination Unit(ICU)processes this information and communicates the optimal crossing or turning times to the vehicles.The primary objective of this coordination is to minimize overall traffic delays,which also helps improve the fuel consumption of vehicles.By considering information from upcoming vehicles at the intersection,the coordination system solves an optimization problem to determine the best timing for executing right turns,ultimately minimizing the total delay for all vehicles.The proposed coordination system is evaluated at a typical urban intersection,and its performance is compared to traditional traffic systems.Numerical simulation results indicate that the proposed coordination system significantly enhances the average traffic speed and fuel consumption compared to the traditional traffic system in various scenarios.
文摘The long-standing use of portable toilet cubicles by residents of Shanghai’s narrow,labyrinthine alleys came to an end in September 2025 after the city largely finished building public toilets to make up their lack of sanitation facilities.The project,targeting 14,082 households,started last year.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of Sichuan Electric Power Company“Power Supply Guarantee Strategy for Urban Distribution Networks Considering Coordination with Virtual Power Plant during Extreme Weather Event”(No.521920230003).
文摘Ensuring reliable power supply in urban distribution networks is a complex and critical task.To address the increased demand during extreme scenarios,this paper proposes an optimal dispatch strategy that considers the coordination with virtual power plants(VPPs).The proposed strategy improves systemflexibility and responsiveness by optimizing the power adjustment of flexible resources.In the proposed strategy,theGaussian Process Regression(GPR)is firstly employed to determine the adjustable range of aggregated power within the VPP,facilitating an assessment of its potential contribution to power supply support.Then,an optimal dispatch model based on a leader-follower game is developed to maximize the benefits of the VPP and flexible resources while guaranteeing the power balance at the same time.To solve the proposed optimal dispatch model efficiently,the constraints of the problem are reformulated and resolved using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)optimality conditions and linear programming duality theorem.The effectiveness of the strategy is illustrated through a detailed case study.
基金The researchers would like to thank the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Qassim University for financial support(QU-APC-2025)。
文摘The evolution of cities into digitally managed environments requires computational systems that can operate in real time while supporting predictive and adaptive infrastructure management.Earlier approaches have often advanced one dimension—such as Internet of Things(IoT)-based data acquisition,Artificial Intelligence(AI)-driven analytics,or digital twin visualization—without fully integrating these strands into a single operational loop.As a result,many existing solutions encounter bottlenecks in responsiveness,interoperability,and scalability,while also leaving concerns about data privacy unresolved.This research introduces a hybrid AI–IoT–Digital Twin framework that combines continuous sensing,distributed intelligence,and simulation-based decision support.The design incorporates multi-source sensor data,lightweight edge inference through Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)and Long ShortTerm Memory(LSTM)models,and federated learning enhanced with secure aggregation and differential privacy to maintain confidentiality.A digital twin layer extends these capabilities by simulating city assets such as traffic flows and water networks,generating what-if scenarios,and issuing actionable control signals.Complementary modules,including model compression and synchronization protocols,are embedded to ensure reliability in bandwidth-constrained and heterogeneous urban environments.The framework is validated in two urban domains:traffic management,where it adapts signal cycles based on real-time congestion patterns,and pipeline monitoring,where it anticipates leaks through pressure and vibration data.Experimental results show a 28%reduction in response time,a 35%decrease in maintenance costs,and a marked reduction in false positives relative to conventional baselines.The architecture also demonstrates stability across 50+edge devices under federated training and resilience to uneven node participation.The proposed system provides a scalable and privacy-aware foundation for predictive urban infrastructure management.By closing the loop between sensing,learning,and control,it reduces operator dependence,enhances resource efficiency,and supports transparent governance models for emerging smart cities.
基金sponsored by the U.S.Department of Housing and Urban Development(Grant No.NJLTS0027-22)The opinions expressed in this study are the authors alone,and do not represent the U.S.Depart-ment of HUD’s opinions.
文摘This paper addresses urban sustainability challenges amid global urbanization, emphasizing the need for innova tive approaches aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals. While traditional tools and linear models offer insights, they fall short in presenting a holistic view of complex urban challenges. System dynamics (SD) models that are often utilized to provide holistic, systematic understanding of a research subject, like the urban system, emerge as valuable tools, but data scarcity and theoretical inadequacy pose challenges. The research reviews relevant papers on recent SD model applications in urban sustainability since 2018, categorizing them based on nine key indicators. Among the reviewed papers, data limitations and model assumptions were identified as ma jor challenges in applying SD models to urban sustainability. This led to exploring the transformative potential of big data analytics, a rare approach in this field as identified by this study, to enhance SD models’ empirical foundation. Integrating big data could provide data-driven calibration, potentially improving predictive accuracy and reducing reliance on simplified assumptions. The paper concludes by advocating for new approaches that reduce assumptions and promote real-time applicable models, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of urban sustainability through the synergy of big data and SD models.
文摘Patna is among the cities high populated at risk of ecological and environmental deterioration due to a variety of human activities,such as poor land cover management.One of the most crucial elements of a successful land resource management plan is the evaluation of Land Use Land Cover(LULC).Over the past 20 years,our planet’s land cover resources have undergone substantial changes due to rapid development.The Land Use Land Cover(LULC)categories of the Patna Urban Agglomeration(PUA),including water bodies,agricultural land,barren land,built-up areas,and vegetation,were identified using Geographic Information System(GIS)techniques.Three multi-temporal images were analyzed and classified through supervised classification using the maximum likelihood method.By comparing three separately created LULC categorized maps from 1990 and 2024,temporal changes were analyzed.In order to update land cover or manage natural resources,it is vital to use change detection as a tool to identify changes in LULC over time in PUA,Patna between 1990,2010 and 2024.According to their respective Kappa coefficients,the accuracy rates for 1990,2010 and 2024 LULC are 91.66 and 94.93,respectively.An accuracy evaluation was conducted to determine the correctness of the classification system and to determine the efficacy of the LULC classification maps.One hundred reference test pixels were identified.There have been found significant changes in the LULC were built up area has increased doubled in last thirty-four years of timeline.
