胶质瘤是中枢神经系统高致死性恶性肿瘤,传统治疗手段效果有限。近年来,异柠檬酸脱氢酶(isocitrate dehydrogenase,IDH)突变作为关键分子标志物,不仅重塑了胶质瘤分子分型体系,更成为靶向治疗的重要突破口。2016年及2021年世界卫生组织(...胶质瘤是中枢神经系统高致死性恶性肿瘤,传统治疗手段效果有限。近年来,异柠檬酸脱氢酶(isocitrate dehydrogenase,IDH)突变作为关键分子标志物,不仅重塑了胶质瘤分子分型体系,更成为靶向治疗的重要突破口。2016年及2021年世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)指南将IDH突变纳入胶质瘤分类标准,将其分为IDH突变型星形细胞瘤、少突胶质细胞瘤(伴1p/19q共缺失)及IDH野生型胶质母细胞瘤。IDH突变通过代谢产物D-2-羟基戊二酸(D-2-hydroxyglutarate,D-2-HG)累积,驱动表观遗传异常及肿瘤进展。针对IDH突变的靶向治疗取得突破性进展:III期INDIGO试验证实,Vorasidenib(IDH1/2双重抑制剂)可显著延长2级IDH突变胶质瘤患者的无进展生存期,并延迟二次干预时间;艾伏尼布(Ivosidenib)等IDH1抑制剂在复发胶质瘤中亦展现抗肿瘤活性。此外,Olutasidenib、DS-1001等新型脑渗透抑制剂临床试验结果乐观。尽管放化疗仍是标准治疗,IDH抑制剂因其低毒性和精准性被纳入指南推荐,但联合治疗策略及耐药机制仍需进一步探索。未来,基于IDH突变的分子分型与靶向治疗的多模态整合,有望为胶质瘤患者提供更优生存获益。展开更多
Cervical cancer is a major malignancy that poses a significant threat to women's health[1].In 2020,an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths were reported globally[2].The most common pathological subtype i...Cervical cancer is a major malignancy that poses a significant threat to women's health[1].In 2020,an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths were reported globally[2].The most common pathological subtype is squamous cell carcinoma[3,4].However,treatment options for advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma(CSCC)are limited.Surgery is often not feasible at this stage,resulting in poor prognosis[5,6].Therefore,identifying novel molecular markers and elucidating the mechanisms that drive CSCC growth and metastasis are crucial for improving treatment outcomes.展开更多
Cervical cancer,a leading malignancy globally,poses a significant threat to women's health,with an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths reported in 2020^([1]).As cervical cancer is closely linked to huma...Cervical cancer,a leading malignancy globally,poses a significant threat to women's health,with an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths reported in 2020^([1]).As cervical cancer is closely linked to human papilloma virus(HPV)infection,early detection relies on HPV screening;however,late-stage prognosis remains poor,underscoring the need for novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets^([2]).展开更多
文摘胶质瘤是中枢神经系统高致死性恶性肿瘤,传统治疗手段效果有限。近年来,异柠檬酸脱氢酶(isocitrate dehydrogenase,IDH)突变作为关键分子标志物,不仅重塑了胶质瘤分子分型体系,更成为靶向治疗的重要突破口。2016年及2021年世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)指南将IDH突变纳入胶质瘤分类标准,将其分为IDH突变型星形细胞瘤、少突胶质细胞瘤(伴1p/19q共缺失)及IDH野生型胶质母细胞瘤。IDH突变通过代谢产物D-2-羟基戊二酸(D-2-hydroxyglutarate,D-2-HG)累积,驱动表观遗传异常及肿瘤进展。针对IDH突变的靶向治疗取得突破性进展:III期INDIGO试验证实,Vorasidenib(IDH1/2双重抑制剂)可显著延长2级IDH突变胶质瘤患者的无进展生存期,并延迟二次干预时间;艾伏尼布(Ivosidenib)等IDH1抑制剂在复发胶质瘤中亦展现抗肿瘤活性。此外,Olutasidenib、DS-1001等新型脑渗透抑制剂临床试验结果乐观。尽管放化疗仍是标准治疗,IDH抑制剂因其低毒性和精准性被纳入指南推荐,但联合治疗策略及耐药机制仍需进一步探索。未来,基于IDH突变的分子分型与靶向治疗的多模态整合,有望为胶质瘤患者提供更优生存获益。
基金supported by the Hebei Provincial Central Guidance Local Science and Technology Development Fund(grant number 236Z7714G).
文摘Cervical cancer is a major malignancy that poses a significant threat to women's health[1].In 2020,an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths were reported globally[2].The most common pathological subtype is squamous cell carcinoma[3,4].However,treatment options for advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma(CSCC)are limited.Surgery is often not feasible at this stage,resulting in poor prognosis[5,6].Therefore,identifying novel molecular markers and elucidating the mechanisms that drive CSCC growth and metastasis are crucial for improving treatment outcomes.
基金supported by a project funded by the Hebei Provincial Central Guidance Local Science and Technology Development Fund(236Z7714G)。
文摘Cervical cancer,a leading malignancy globally,poses a significant threat to women's health,with an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths reported in 2020^([1]).As cervical cancer is closely linked to human papilloma virus(HPV)infection,early detection relies on HPV screening;however,late-stage prognosis remains poor,underscoring the need for novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets^([2]).
