近年来全球极端低温天气频发,严重影响了茶树的产量和品质。ICE(Inducer of CBF expression)基因家族主要参与植物的低温胁迫响应,但在茶树领域中的相关研究还不够全面。本研究从茶树基因组中鉴定出51个茶树CsICEs基因,对其理化性质、...近年来全球极端低温天气频发,严重影响了茶树的产量和品质。ICE(Inducer of CBF expression)基因家族主要参与植物的低温胁迫响应,但在茶树领域中的相关研究还不够全面。本研究从茶树基因组中鉴定出51个茶树CsICEs基因,对其理化性质、基因结构和启动子顺式作用元件展开生物信息学分析。茶树CsICEs基因的启动子区域富含光响应、植物激素、生长发育及非生物胁迫相关顺式作用元件,其可能参与多种逆境胁迫响应。转录组分析和RT-qPCR验证结果发现,低温下CsICE43基因的表达量上升了4.24倍,其可能与茶树低温响应相关。以茶树品种‘保靖黄金茶1号’的cDNA为模板,克隆获得了CsICE43基因,其在不同组织中的表达模式存在差异,在顶芽和嫩叶中特异性高表达。蛋白氨基酸序列和系统进化树分析表明,CsICE43基因包含与ICE家族其他成员一致的S-rich、bHLH、ACT等保守结构域,且与毛花猕猴桃(Actinidiaeriantha)的亲缘关系较近。在STRING在线网站中以拟南芥AtICEs为模型,推测茶树CsICE43蛋白与HOS1、MYB15、DREB1/2存在潜在的互作关系。亚细胞定位试验表明CsICE43定位于细胞核,与跨膜结构分析结果一致。综上所述,本研究发现CsICE43基因可能与茶树低温响应关联,为深入挖掘其基因功能与抗寒分子机理提供了一定的理论基础。展开更多
为探究ICE(inducer of CBF expression)转录因子在高丛蓝莓花果发育进程中可能的调控机制,通过对VcICE基因家族进行全基因组鉴定及生物信息学分析,采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术分析VcICE基因亚家族成员在蓝莓花芽膨大和果实发育进...为探究ICE(inducer of CBF expression)转录因子在高丛蓝莓花果发育进程中可能的调控机制,通过对VcICE基因家族进行全基因组鉴定及生物信息学分析,采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术分析VcICE基因亚家族成员在蓝莓花芽膨大和果实发育进程中的相对表达水平.结果表明:在高丛蓝莓‘Draper’基因组中鉴定出8个VcICE成员,系统进化分析将其划分为2个亚家族,各亚家族成员均包含S-rich,bHLH和ACT等保守结构域;VcICE基因启动子区域富含光响应、植物激素、生长发育及非生物胁迫相关顺式作用元件;VcICE亚家族基因在高丛蓝莓‘O’Neal’和‘Bluerain’花芽膨大与果实发育进程中的相对表达差异显著.研究结果以期为深入了解VcICE转录因子在蓝莓花果发育进程中的功能提供理论参考.展开更多
重复轨道法是利用测高卫星监测南极冰盖高程变化的重要方法。在利用重复轨道方法计算冰盖高程变化时,引入一种基于抗差估计的方法(insrtitue of geodesy and geophysicsⅢ,IGG Ⅲ)取代传统的最小二乘方法(least square,LS)。利用2019年...重复轨道法是利用测高卫星监测南极冰盖高程变化的重要方法。在利用重复轨道方法计算冰盖高程变化时,引入一种基于抗差估计的方法(insrtitue of geodesy and geophysicsⅢ,IGG Ⅲ)取代传统的最小二乘方法(least square,LS)。利用2019年3月至2021年12月的ICESat-2陆冰高程数据,分别采用LS方法和IGG Ⅲ方法在东南极Totten冰川流域进行了实验。结果表明,该流域分别呈现出-0.038±0.163 m/yr和-0.040±0.136 m/yr的高程降低趋势,说明IGG Ⅲ抗差估计方法能够在保留重复轨道方法高数据利用率的基础上,有效地减少异常数据被错误引入产生的误差。利用MEaSUREs ITS_LIVE高程变化产品对两种方法计算的结果进行了对比,IGG Ⅲ方法的结果在空间分布上具有更好的一致性。展开更多
This paper introduces the Integrated Security Embedded Resilience Architecture (ISERA) as an advanced resilience mechanism for Industrial Control Systems (ICS) and Operational Technology (OT) environments. The ISERA f...This paper introduces the Integrated Security Embedded Resilience Architecture (ISERA) as an advanced resilience mechanism for Industrial Control Systems (ICS) and Operational Technology (OT) environments. The ISERA framework integrates security by design principles, micro-segmentation, and Island Mode Operation (IMO) to enhance cyber resilience and ensure continuous, secure operations. The methodology deploys a Forward-Thinking Architecture Strategy (FTAS) algorithm, which utilises an industrial Intrusion Detection System (IDS) implemented with Python’s Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) library. The FTAS algorithm successfully identified and responded to cyber-attacks, ensuring minimal system disruption. ISERA has been validated through comprehensive testing scenarios simulating Denial of Service (DoS) attacks and malware intrusions, at both the IT and OT layers where it successfully mitigates the impact of malicious activity. Results demonstrate ISERA’s efficacy in real-time threat detection, containment, and incident response, thus ensuring the integrity and reliability of critical infrastructure systems. ISERA’s decentralised approach contributes to global net zero goals by optimising resource use and minimising environmental impact. By adopting a decentralised control architecture and leveraging virtualisation, ISERA significantly enhances the cyber resilience and sustainability of critical infrastructure systems. This approach not only strengthens defences against evolving cyber threats but also optimises resource allocation, reducing the system’s carbon footprint. As a result, ISERA ensures the uninterrupted operation of essential services while contributing to broader net zero goals.展开更多
Based on comprehensive observations of 20 wire icing events during winter from 2019 to 2021,we investigated the characteristics of the icing properties,the atmospheric boundary layer structure,the raindrop size distri...Based on comprehensive observations of 20 wire icing events during winter from 2019 to 2021,we investigated the characteristics of the icing properties,the atmospheric boundary layer structure,the raindrop size distribution,and their associated effects on the ice accretion mechanism in the mountainous region of Southwest China.The maximum ice weight was positively correlated with the duration of ice accretion in the mountainous area.The duration of precipitation accounted for less than 20%of the icing period in the mountainous area,with solid-phase hydrometeors being predominant.Icing events,dominated by freezing rain(FR)and mixed rain–graupel(more than 70%),were characterized by glaze or highdensity mixed icing.The relationship between the melting energy and refreezing energy reflected the distribution characteristics of the proportion of FR under mixed-phase precipitation.The intensity of the warm layer and the dominant precipitation phase significantly affected the variations in the microphysical properties of FR.The melting of large dry snowflakes significantly contributed to FR in the mountainous areas,resulting in smaller generalized intercepts and larger mass-weighted mean diameters in the presence of a stronger warm layer.Under a weaker warm layer,the value of the massweighted mean diameter was significantly smaller because of the inability of large solid particles to melt.Finally,FR in the mountainous area dominated the ice weight during the rapid ice accumulation period.A numerical simulation of FR icing on wires effectively revealed the evolution of disaster-causing icing in mountainous areas.展开更多
文摘近年来全球极端低温天气频发,严重影响了茶树的产量和品质。ICE(Inducer of CBF expression)基因家族主要参与植物的低温胁迫响应,但在茶树领域中的相关研究还不够全面。本研究从茶树基因组中鉴定出51个茶树CsICEs基因,对其理化性质、基因结构和启动子顺式作用元件展开生物信息学分析。茶树CsICEs基因的启动子区域富含光响应、植物激素、生长发育及非生物胁迫相关顺式作用元件,其可能参与多种逆境胁迫响应。转录组分析和RT-qPCR验证结果发现,低温下CsICE43基因的表达量上升了4.24倍,其可能与茶树低温响应相关。以茶树品种‘保靖黄金茶1号’的cDNA为模板,克隆获得了CsICE43基因,其在不同组织中的表达模式存在差异,在顶芽和嫩叶中特异性高表达。蛋白氨基酸序列和系统进化树分析表明,CsICE43基因包含与ICE家族其他成员一致的S-rich、bHLH、ACT等保守结构域,且与毛花猕猴桃(Actinidiaeriantha)的亲缘关系较近。在STRING在线网站中以拟南芥AtICEs为模型,推测茶树CsICE43蛋白与HOS1、MYB15、DREB1/2存在潜在的互作关系。亚细胞定位试验表明CsICE43定位于细胞核,与跨膜结构分析结果一致。综上所述,本研究发现CsICE43基因可能与茶树低温响应关联,为深入挖掘其基因功能与抗寒分子机理提供了一定的理论基础。
文摘为探究ICE(inducer of CBF expression)转录因子在高丛蓝莓花果发育进程中可能的调控机制,通过对VcICE基因家族进行全基因组鉴定及生物信息学分析,采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术分析VcICE基因亚家族成员在蓝莓花芽膨大和果实发育进程中的相对表达水平.结果表明:在高丛蓝莓‘Draper’基因组中鉴定出8个VcICE成员,系统进化分析将其划分为2个亚家族,各亚家族成员均包含S-rich,bHLH和ACT等保守结构域;VcICE基因启动子区域富含光响应、植物激素、生长发育及非生物胁迫相关顺式作用元件;VcICE亚家族基因在高丛蓝莓‘O’Neal’和‘Bluerain’花芽膨大与果实发育进程中的相对表达差异显著.研究结果以期为深入了解VcICE转录因子在蓝莓花果发育进程中的功能提供理论参考.
基金funded by the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets(Ofgem)and supported by De Montfort University(DMU)and Nottingham Trent University(NTU),UK.
文摘This paper introduces the Integrated Security Embedded Resilience Architecture (ISERA) as an advanced resilience mechanism for Industrial Control Systems (ICS) and Operational Technology (OT) environments. The ISERA framework integrates security by design principles, micro-segmentation, and Island Mode Operation (IMO) to enhance cyber resilience and ensure continuous, secure operations. The methodology deploys a Forward-Thinking Architecture Strategy (FTAS) algorithm, which utilises an industrial Intrusion Detection System (IDS) implemented with Python’s Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) library. The FTAS algorithm successfully identified and responded to cyber-attacks, ensuring minimal system disruption. ISERA has been validated through comprehensive testing scenarios simulating Denial of Service (DoS) attacks and malware intrusions, at both the IT and OT layers where it successfully mitigates the impact of malicious activity. Results demonstrate ISERA’s efficacy in real-time threat detection, containment, and incident response, thus ensuring the integrity and reliability of critical infrastructure systems. ISERA’s decentralised approach contributes to global net zero goals by optimising resource use and minimising environmental impact. By adopting a decentralised control architecture and leveraging virtualisation, ISERA significantly enhances the cyber resilience and sustainability of critical infrastructure systems. This approach not only strengthens defences against evolving cyber threats but also optimises resource allocation, reducing the system’s carbon footprint. As a result, ISERA ensures the uninterrupted operation of essential services while contributing to broader net zero goals.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42325503)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation and the Meteorological Innovation and Development Project of China(Grant Nos.2023AFD096 and 2022CFD122)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Wuhan(Grant No.2024020901030454)the Beijige Foundation of NJIAS(Grant No.BJG202304)。
文摘Based on comprehensive observations of 20 wire icing events during winter from 2019 to 2021,we investigated the characteristics of the icing properties,the atmospheric boundary layer structure,the raindrop size distribution,and their associated effects on the ice accretion mechanism in the mountainous region of Southwest China.The maximum ice weight was positively correlated with the duration of ice accretion in the mountainous area.The duration of precipitation accounted for less than 20%of the icing period in the mountainous area,with solid-phase hydrometeors being predominant.Icing events,dominated by freezing rain(FR)and mixed rain–graupel(more than 70%),were characterized by glaze or highdensity mixed icing.The relationship between the melting energy and refreezing energy reflected the distribution characteristics of the proportion of FR under mixed-phase precipitation.The intensity of the warm layer and the dominant precipitation phase significantly affected the variations in the microphysical properties of FR.The melting of large dry snowflakes significantly contributed to FR in the mountainous areas,resulting in smaller generalized intercepts and larger mass-weighted mean diameters in the presence of a stronger warm layer.Under a weaker warm layer,the value of the massweighted mean diameter was significantly smaller because of the inability of large solid particles to melt.Finally,FR in the mountainous area dominated the ice weight during the rapid ice accumulation period.A numerical simulation of FR icing on wires effectively revealed the evolution of disaster-causing icing in mountainous areas.
