为揭示近断层地震动作用下岩质边坡的动态响应规律与灾变机制,提出了一种间接边界元法(indirect boundary element method,简称IBEM)与离散元法(discrete element method,简称DEM)耦合的时域分析体系,建立了考虑岩土体非连续变形特征的...为揭示近断层地震动作用下岩质边坡的动态响应规律与灾变机制,提出了一种间接边界元法(indirect boundary element method,简称IBEM)与离散元法(discrete element method,简称DEM)耦合的时域分析体系,建立了考虑岩土体非连续变形特征的近断层-边坡系统非线性动力响应模拟方法。首先基于IBEM构建半无限域千米级近断层地震波场高精度数值模型;其次,结合格林函数理论与IBEM求解波场,推导DEM计算域边界等效地震荷载的显式表达,进而实现IBEM-DEM耦合系统的跨尺度能量传递;最终通过DEM求解米级岩质边坡的非线性动力响应,实现了从千米级断层到米级边坡的多尺度非线性地震动模拟方法体系。数值模拟与动态监测结果表明:IBEM-DEM耦合算法可精准表征近场地震波传播的频散特性与能量衰减规律;近断层地震荷载作用下,软弱夹层首先发生渐进式剪切破坏,其强度劣化导致贯通性破裂面的形成,并引致滑体沿剪切面加速失稳,产生显著位移与速度响应,最终在坡脚形成典型碎屑堆积体;滑体表层速度显著高于底层,表层平均速度达到底层平均速度的3.6倍,其中滑体表层X向和Z向的速度分量峰值分别达到4.98 m/s和5.92 m/s,呈现出明显的趋表效应;滑体监测点从初始坡面位置到最终堆积体位置的X向和Z向最大位移分别可达41 m和35 m,时程表现出典型阶跃式增长特征,反映出滑体在动能与势能交替转换中的突跃式滑移行为。IBEM-DEM耦合方法构建了从岩体破裂到滑坡成灾的全过程演化序列,为近断层地震动诱发滑坡的动力灾变分析提供了创新性分析方法体系,并为复杂地质条件下滑坡机制的识别及地震灾害的防控提供了理论依据与技术支持。展开更多
The indirect boundary element method （IBEM） is developed to solve the scattering of plane SH-waves by a lined tunnel in elastic wedge space. According to the theory of single-layer potential, the scattered-wave fiel...The indirect boundary element method （IBEM） is developed to solve the scattering of plane SH-waves by a lined tunnel in elastic wedge space. According to the theory of single-layer potential, the scattered-wave field can be constructed by applying virtual uniform loads on the surface of lined tunnel and the nearby wedge surface. The densities of virtual loads can be solved by establishing equations through the continuity conditions on the interface and zero-traction conditions on free surfaces. The total wave field is obtained by the superposition of free field and scattered-wave field in elastic wedge space. Numerical results indicate that the IBEM can solve the diffraction of elastic wave in elastic wedge space accurately and effi- ciently. The wave motion feature strongly depends on the wedge angle, the angle of incidence, incident frequency, the location of lined tunnel, and material parameters. The waves interference and amplification effect around the tunnel in wedge space is more significant, causing the dynamic stress concentration factor on rigid tunnel and the displacement amplitude of flexible tunnel up to 50.0 and 17.0, respectively, more than double that of the case of half-space. Hence, considerable attention should be paid to seismic resistant or anti-explosion design of the tunnel built on a slope or hillside.展开更多
To solve seismic wave scattering by a large-scale three-dimensional(3-D) hill topography, a fast parallel indirect boundary element method(IBEM) is developed by proposing a new construction method for the wave field, ...To solve seismic wave scattering by a large-scale three-dimensional(3-D) hill topography, a fast parallel indirect boundary element method(IBEM) is developed by proposing a new construction method for the wave field, modifying the generalized minimum residual(GMRES) algorithm and constructing an Open MP plus MPI parallel model. The validations of accuracy and efficiency show that this method can solve 3-D seismic response of a large-scale hill topography for broadband waves, and overcome the weakness of large storage and low efficiency of the traditional IBEM. Based on this new algorithm architecture, taking the broadband scattering of plane SV waves by a large-scale Gaussian-shaped hill of thousands-meters height as an example, the influence of several important parameters is investigated, including the incident frequency, the incident angle and the height-width and length-width ratio of the hill. The numerical results illustrate that the amplification effect on the ground motion by a near-hemispherical hill is more significant than the narrow hill. For low-frequency waves, the scattering effect of the higher hill is more pronounced, and there is only a single peak near the top of the hill. However, for high-frequency waves, rapid spatial variation of displacement amplitude appears on the hill surface.展开更多
A two and a half dimensional(2.5D)multi-domain indirect boundary element method(IBEM)is developed to study the wave scattering of obliquely incident P-,SV-and SH-waves by a hill-valley staggered topography in a multi-...A two and a half dimensional(2.5D)multi-domain indirect boundary element method(IBEM)is developed to study the wave scattering of obliquely incident P-,SV-and SH-waves by a hill-valley staggered topography in a multi-layered half-space.The IBEM algorithm includes using 2.5D full-space and half-space Green’s functions to construct scattered fields in decomposed closed and opened half-space regions,respectively,and using the dynamic stiffness method to solve the free fields.All regions are finally integrated by introducing the compatibility conditions to obtain the total wave fields.The proposed 2.5D IBEM has the flexibility in dealing with complex boundaries by directly applying the fictitious loads on the regions’boundaries,with a less storage requirement compared to the full 3D models.Besides,by combining the specific advantages of the two kinds of Green’s functions,the method is well suitable for handling coupled topographies with high accuracy.The method is validated by comparison with published results for a single valley as well as a single hill topography.The effects of height-to-width ratio of hill and layering on dynamic responses are further parametrically investigated by numerical implementations in frequency domain.Results show that the interaction between valley and hills can lead to a more significant amplification within the valley region,and dynamic responses are deeply influenced by the height-to-width of hill,simultaneously depending on incident angle and frequency.Besides,the site effects become more complex when the stratification feature is taken into account.展开更多
Based on the idea of the developed 3D-FSM.DDM boundary element method, the field with muti-medium was formulized firstly, then connected at the interface of two fields according to the continuous conditions of stress ...Based on the idea of the developed 3D-FSM.DDM boundary element method, the field with muti-medium was formulized firstly, then connected at the interface of two fields according to the continuous conditions of stress and displacement, after that, a boundary value problem with unified model was formed and solved. Ultimately, an applied numerical simulation system was developed. It was compared with the model having analytical solution for verifying the applicability and the calculating precision.展开更多
文摘为揭示近断层地震动作用下岩质边坡的动态响应规律与灾变机制,提出了一种间接边界元法(indirect boundary element method,简称IBEM)与离散元法(discrete element method,简称DEM)耦合的时域分析体系,建立了考虑岩土体非连续变形特征的近断层-边坡系统非线性动力响应模拟方法。首先基于IBEM构建半无限域千米级近断层地震波场高精度数值模型;其次,结合格林函数理论与IBEM求解波场,推导DEM计算域边界等效地震荷载的显式表达,进而实现IBEM-DEM耦合系统的跨尺度能量传递;最终通过DEM求解米级岩质边坡的非线性动力响应,实现了从千米级断层到米级边坡的多尺度非线性地震动模拟方法体系。数值模拟与动态监测结果表明:IBEM-DEM耦合算法可精准表征近场地震波传播的频散特性与能量衰减规律;近断层地震荷载作用下,软弱夹层首先发生渐进式剪切破坏,其强度劣化导致贯通性破裂面的形成,并引致滑体沿剪切面加速失稳,产生显著位移与速度响应,最终在坡脚形成典型碎屑堆积体;滑体表层速度显著高于底层,表层平均速度达到底层平均速度的3.6倍,其中滑体表层X向和Z向的速度分量峰值分别达到4.98 m/s和5.92 m/s,呈现出明显的趋表效应;滑体监测点从初始坡面位置到最终堆积体位置的X向和Z向最大位移分别可达41 m和35 m,时程表现出典型阶跃式增长特征,反映出滑体在动能与势能交替转换中的突跃式滑移行为。IBEM-DEM耦合方法构建了从岩体破裂到滑坡成灾的全过程演化序列,为近断层地震动诱发滑坡的动力灾变分析提供了创新性分析方法体系,并为复杂地质条件下滑坡机制的识别及地震灾害的防控提供了理论依据与技术支持。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants (51278327)the Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology (14JCYBJC21900)
文摘The indirect boundary element method （IBEM） is developed to solve the scattering of plane SH-waves by a lined tunnel in elastic wedge space. According to the theory of single-layer potential, the scattered-wave field can be constructed by applying virtual uniform loads on the surface of lined tunnel and the nearby wedge surface. The densities of virtual loads can be solved by establishing equations through the continuity conditions on the interface and zero-traction conditions on free surfaces. The total wave field is obtained by the superposition of free field and scattered-wave field in elastic wedge space. Numerical results indicate that the IBEM can solve the diffraction of elastic wave in elastic wedge space accurately and effi- ciently. The wave motion feature strongly depends on the wedge angle, the angle of incidence, incident frequency, the location of lined tunnel, and material parameters. The waves interference and amplification effect around the tunnel in wedge space is more significant, causing the dynamic stress concentration factor on rigid tunnel and the displacement amplitude of flexible tunnel up to 50.0 and 17.0, respectively, more than double that of the case of half-space. Hence, considerable attention should be paid to seismic resistant or anti-explosion design of the tunnel built on a slope or hillside.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 51678390National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 51708391the Major Science and Technology Projects in Tianjin under Grant No. 18ZXAQSF00110。
文摘To solve seismic wave scattering by a large-scale three-dimensional(3-D) hill topography, a fast parallel indirect boundary element method(IBEM) is developed by proposing a new construction method for the wave field, modifying the generalized minimum residual(GMRES) algorithm and constructing an Open MP plus MPI parallel model. The validations of accuracy and efficiency show that this method can solve 3-D seismic response of a large-scale hill topography for broadband waves, and overcome the weakness of large storage and low efficiency of the traditional IBEM. Based on this new algorithm architecture, taking the broadband scattering of plane SV waves by a large-scale Gaussian-shaped hill of thousands-meters height as an example, the influence of several important parameters is investigated, including the incident frequency, the incident angle and the height-width and length-width ratio of the hill. The numerical results illustrate that the amplification effect on the ground motion by a near-hemispherical hill is more significant than the narrow hill. For low-frequency waves, the scattering effect of the higher hill is more pronounced, and there is only a single peak near the top of the hill. However, for high-frequency waves, rapid spatial variation of displacement amplitude appears on the hill surface.
文摘A two and a half dimensional(2.5D)multi-domain indirect boundary element method(IBEM)is developed to study the wave scattering of obliquely incident P-,SV-and SH-waves by a hill-valley staggered topography in a multi-layered half-space.The IBEM algorithm includes using 2.5D full-space and half-space Green’s functions to construct scattered fields in decomposed closed and opened half-space regions,respectively,and using the dynamic stiffness method to solve the free fields.All regions are finally integrated by introducing the compatibility conditions to obtain the total wave fields.The proposed 2.5D IBEM has the flexibility in dealing with complex boundaries by directly applying the fictitious loads on the regions’boundaries,with a less storage requirement compared to the full 3D models.Besides,by combining the specific advantages of the two kinds of Green’s functions,the method is well suitable for handling coupled topographies with high accuracy.The method is validated by comparison with published results for a single valley as well as a single hill topography.The effects of height-to-width ratio of hill and layering on dynamic responses are further parametrically investigated by numerical implementations in frequency domain.Results show that the interaction between valley and hills can lead to a more significant amplification within the valley region,and dynamic responses are deeply influenced by the height-to-width of hill,simultaneously depending on incident angle and frequency.Besides,the site effects become more complex when the stratification feature is taken into account.
文摘Based on the idea of the developed 3D-FSM.DDM boundary element method, the field with muti-medium was formulized firstly, then connected at the interface of two fields according to the continuous conditions of stress and displacement, after that, a boundary value problem with unified model was formed and solved. Ultimately, an applied numerical simulation system was developed. It was compared with the model having analytical solution for verifying the applicability and the calculating precision.
