Wheat yield mainly depends on leaf photosynthesis and grain carbohydrate accumulation.The aux/indole-3-acetic acid 13-like(Aux/IAA13L)gene was successfully cloned from Tritipyrum‘Y1805’and transformed into common wh...Wheat yield mainly depends on leaf photosynthesis and grain carbohydrate accumulation.The aux/indole-3-acetic acid 13-like(Aux/IAA13L)gene was successfully cloned from Tritipyrum‘Y1805’and transformed into common wheat.A bioinformatics analysis showed that the TtAux/IAA13L protein,encoding 232 amino acids,was hydrophilic and unstable.TtAux/IAA13L and Tel5E01G609500 were grouped together in a phylogenetic tree.The TtAux/IAA13L expression levels in the overexpression lines were higher than in the wild-type(WT)plants at five developmental stages:tillering,elongation,heading,flowering,and grain-filling.The expression levels in the overexpression lines first increased,peaked at the flowering stage,and then decreased.However,the expression level in WT plants changed little among the five stages.The chlorophyll contents,net photosynthetic rates,stomatal conductances,and transpiration rates of the overexpression lines were higher than in the WT plants.Compared with WT plants,plant height in the overexpression lines decreased,whereas stem diameter,flag leaf area,grain number per spike,1000-grain weight,and grain yield per plant increased.The average grain yield per plant of two overexpression lines increased by 24.56%and 23.46%,compared with those of WT plants,in 2024 and 2025,respectively.In brief,the TtAux/IAA13L gene enhanced the chlorophyll content and flag leaf area,thereby increasing the net photosynthetic rate and grain yield per plant.Consequently,it could be used to breed high-yield wheat cultivars.展开更多
High molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GS),major components of seed storage proteins in wheat,have large effects on processing quality.GLU-1 genes encode HMW-GS and their expression is mainly controlled at the tr...High molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GS),major components of seed storage proteins in wheat,have large effects on processing quality.GLU-1 genes encode HMW-GS and their expression is mainly controlled at the transcriptional level by interactions between cis-regulatory elements and transcription factors.We previously identified an Aux/IAA transcription factor TaIAA10-6D that bound to a conserved cis-regulatory module CCRM1-1,the most essential conserved cis-regulatory module in GLU-1.Here,we confirmed the binding of TaIAA10-6D to CCRM1-1 using yeast one hybrid and dualluciferase reporter assays.The enhanced expression of TaIAA10-6D suppressed glutenin accumulation and increased gliadin content.Dynamic transcriptome analyses revealed that TaIAA10-6D overexpression down-regulated glutenin and gliadin genes during an early stage of grain filling,but up-regulated gliadin genes during a late stage probably by endoplasmic reticulum stress,accounting for its effect on the tradeoff between glutenin and gliadin.Rheological property and processing quality assays showed that TaIAA10-6D overproduction reduced stabilization time and bread quality,but enhanced cookie quality.Overexpression of TaIAA10-6D also reduced plant height,leaf size,kernel number and grain yield.We identified two major haplotypes of TaIAA10-6D,Hap I and Hap II,and developed a breeding-friendly diagnostic marker.Hap I conferred higher expression of TaIAA10-6D and concomitantly reduced plant height and kernel number,but had little effect on grain yield,contributing to lodging resistance without yield penalty.Hap I was subjected to positive selection in breeding.The findings provide a useful gene for wheat improvement and broaden insights into the regulatory machinery underpinning auxin-mediated quality formation,plant morphogenesis and yield gain.展开更多
本届盛会虽提供了一些答案,却也留下了更多问题。德国汽车工业究竟能否凭借深厚的供应链积累和整车厂的全球布局,再次成为转型的标杆?“It's Europe vs.China”,路透社在2025年德国国际汽车及智慧出行博览会(IAA MOBILITY 2025)开...本届盛会虽提供了一些答案,却也留下了更多问题。德国汽车工业究竟能否凭借深厚的供应链积累和整车厂的全球布局,再次成为转型的标杆?“It's Europe vs.China”,路透社在2025年德国国际汽车及智慧出行博览会(IAA MOBILITY 2025)开幕前夕,以一句对峙意味浓厚的标题点题。展开更多
文摘Wheat yield mainly depends on leaf photosynthesis and grain carbohydrate accumulation.The aux/indole-3-acetic acid 13-like(Aux/IAA13L)gene was successfully cloned from Tritipyrum‘Y1805’and transformed into common wheat.A bioinformatics analysis showed that the TtAux/IAA13L protein,encoding 232 amino acids,was hydrophilic and unstable.TtAux/IAA13L and Tel5E01G609500 were grouped together in a phylogenetic tree.The TtAux/IAA13L expression levels in the overexpression lines were higher than in the wild-type(WT)plants at five developmental stages:tillering,elongation,heading,flowering,and grain-filling.The expression levels in the overexpression lines first increased,peaked at the flowering stage,and then decreased.However,the expression level in WT plants changed little among the five stages.The chlorophyll contents,net photosynthetic rates,stomatal conductances,and transpiration rates of the overexpression lines were higher than in the WT plants.Compared with WT plants,plant height in the overexpression lines decreased,whereas stem diameter,flag leaf area,grain number per spike,1000-grain weight,and grain yield per plant increased.The average grain yield per plant of two overexpression lines increased by 24.56%and 23.46%,compared with those of WT plants,in 2024 and 2025,respectively.In brief,the TtAux/IAA13L gene enhanced the chlorophyll content and flag leaf area,thereby increasing the net photosynthetic rate and grain yield per plant.Consequently,it could be used to breed high-yield wheat cultivars.
基金supported by the STI 2030-Major Projects(2023ZD0406903)the National Natural and Science Foundation of China(32272182)+1 种基金the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20241955)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS).
文摘High molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GS),major components of seed storage proteins in wheat,have large effects on processing quality.GLU-1 genes encode HMW-GS and their expression is mainly controlled at the transcriptional level by interactions between cis-regulatory elements and transcription factors.We previously identified an Aux/IAA transcription factor TaIAA10-6D that bound to a conserved cis-regulatory module CCRM1-1,the most essential conserved cis-regulatory module in GLU-1.Here,we confirmed the binding of TaIAA10-6D to CCRM1-1 using yeast one hybrid and dualluciferase reporter assays.The enhanced expression of TaIAA10-6D suppressed glutenin accumulation and increased gliadin content.Dynamic transcriptome analyses revealed that TaIAA10-6D overexpression down-regulated glutenin and gliadin genes during an early stage of grain filling,but up-regulated gliadin genes during a late stage probably by endoplasmic reticulum stress,accounting for its effect on the tradeoff between glutenin and gliadin.Rheological property and processing quality assays showed that TaIAA10-6D overproduction reduced stabilization time and bread quality,but enhanced cookie quality.Overexpression of TaIAA10-6D also reduced plant height,leaf size,kernel number and grain yield.We identified two major haplotypes of TaIAA10-6D,Hap I and Hap II,and developed a breeding-friendly diagnostic marker.Hap I conferred higher expression of TaIAA10-6D and concomitantly reduced plant height and kernel number,but had little effect on grain yield,contributing to lodging resistance without yield penalty.Hap I was subjected to positive selection in breeding.The findings provide a useful gene for wheat improvement and broaden insights into the regulatory machinery underpinning auxin-mediated quality formation,plant morphogenesis and yield gain.
