Background:Oral health issues persistently affect the overall health and well-being of rural populations.Village health volunteers(VHVs)play a crucial role in advancing oral health literacy in their community.This stu...Background:Oral health issues persistently affect the overall health and well-being of rural populations.Village health volunteers(VHVs)play a crucial role in advancing oral health literacy in their community.This study aimed to examine the factors related to nutritional literacy for oral health among VHVs.Methods:This was a mixed-methods study employing an explanatory sequential design.The quantitative data were gathered through questionnaires distributed to a cohort of 10,514 VHVs registered in Health Region 1.A stratified random sampling technique was used to ensure adequate representation of various subgroups within the VHV population,considering factors such as age,education level,and geographical distribution across the region.This approach allowed for a more representative sample that accurately reflects the diversity of the VHV population.Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with a purposive sampling of 20 participants based on specific criteria.Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and biserial correlation techniques,while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.Results:The study found that the sample group possessed a moderate level of knowledge of health literacy principles and nutrition for oral health.However,their self-assessed skills in nutritional literacy for oral health were rated as high.A statistically significant negative correlation was found between knowledge of nutrition for oral health and skills in nutritional literacy for oral health.VHVs equated health literacy with knowledge because their public health training had focused more on imparting knowledge rather than developing skills based on health literacy principles.Conclusion:There is a need to emphasize skill-based health literacy training and to use effective skill development techniques that are tailored to the specific roles and responsibilities of health volunteers.It is also recommended to continuously monitor and evaluate the outcomes of these efforts.展开更多
We conducted a field campaign to investigate the chemical composition,sources,and light absorption of submicron aerosols(PM_(1))from early 2022 in Nanjing,China.The average concentration of PM_(1) was 31μg m^(−3),org...We conducted a field campaign to investigate the chemical composition,sources,and light absorption of submicron aerosols(PM_(1))from early 2022 in Nanjing,China.The average concentration of PM_(1) was 31μg m^(−3),organics(33%)constituted the largest fraction,followed by nitrate(30%),sulfate(18%),ammonium(15%),chloride(3%),and rBC(2%).Four organic aerosol(OA)subcomponents were identified,including two primary OA(POA)and two secondary OA(SOA).The less-oxidized SOA(LO-OOA)contributes the most to the total OA mass(59%).LO-OOA is tightly correlated with the tracer ion C_(2)H_(4)O_(2)^(+)from levoglucosan,and another aged biomass-burning derived species,K_(3)SO_(4)^(+),suggesting it was likely influenced by aged biomass-burning OA.Our study also revealed that fireworks during the Spring Festival have a detrimental impact on air quality,contributing to secondary formation and accumulation under static winter meteorological conditions,prolonging the pollution duration.Also,LO-OOA was found to have the strongest light-absorbing ability.Our results highlight that the light absorption of LO-OOA can mainly be attributed to the C_(x)H_(y)N^(+) family,increased with the double-bond equivalent value.The more-oxidized SOA(MO-OOA)exhibited a negligible light absorption and was strongly correlated with daytime photochemical processes,implying a light-bleaching effect.This study enhances our understanding of the regional contribution of biomass combustion and fireworks to PM_(1) pollution in Nanjing,a typical megacity in the Yangtze River Delta region,during winter,aiding in the development of strategies for long-term air quality improvement in the region.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed at predicting the T cell epitopes from proteins encoded by the specific RD1 region of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.[Method] By using bioinformatics software NetMHC Server,all possible peptide...[Objective] The study aimed at predicting the T cell epitopes from proteins encoded by the specific RD1 region of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.[Method] By using bioinformatics software NetMHC Server,all possible peptides sequences from RD1 region of M.tuberculosis were analyzed in silico for the ability to bind to 34 alleles of HLA I and 9 alleles of HLA II.[Result] 1 580 peptides binding to 9 alleles of HLA II and 336 peptides binding to 34 alleles of HLA I were obtained by predication.[Conclusion] Identification of T cell epitopes from the proteins encoded by RD1 region may serve to define candidate antigens with potentials in specific diagnosis and development of new vaccines against TB.展开更多
We have previously reported that the human ACAT1 gene produces a chimeric mRNA through the interchromosomal processing of two discontinuous RNAs transcribed from chromosomes 1 and 7. The chimeric mRNA uses AUG1397-139...We have previously reported that the human ACAT1 gene produces a chimeric mRNA through the interchromosomal processing of two discontinuous RNAs transcribed from chromosomes 1 and 7. The chimeric mRNA uses AUG1397-1399 and GGC1274-1276 as translation initiation codons to produce normal 50-kDa ACAT1 and a novel enzymatically active 56-kDa isoform, respectively, with the latter being authentically present in human cells, including human monocyte- derived macrophages. In this work, we report that RNA secondary structures located in the vicinity of the GGC1274-1276 codon are required for production of the 56-kDa isoform. The effects of the three predicted stem-loops （nt 1255-1268, 1286-1342 and 1355-1384） were tested individually by transfecting expression plasmids into cells that contained the wild-type, deleted or mutant stem-loop sequences linked to a partial ACAT1 AUG open reading frame （ORF） or to the ORFs of other genes. The expression patterns were monitored by western blot analyses. We found that the upstream stem-loop1255-1268 from chromosome 7 and downstream stem-loop1286-1342 from chromosome 1 were needed for production of the 56-kDa isoform, whereas the last stem-loop135s-1384 from chromosome 1 was dispensable. The results of experi- ments using both monocistronic and bicistronic vectors with a stable hairpin showed that translation initiation from the GGC1274-1276 codon was mediated by an internal ribosome entry site （IRES）. Further experiments revealed that translation initiation from the GGC1274-1276 codon requires the upstream AU-constituted RNA secondary structure and the downstream GC-rich structure. This mechanistic work provides further support for the biological significance of the chimeric nature of the human ACAT1 transcript.展开更多
Aim： To investigate the methylation status of the deleted in azoospermia 1（DAZ1） gene promoter region in different cell types. Methods： Using CpG island Searcher software, a CpG island was found in the promoter re...Aim： To investigate the methylation status of the deleted in azoospermia 1（DAZ1） gene promoter region in different cell types. Methods： Using CpG island Searcher software, a CpG island was found in the promoter region of the DAZ1 gene. The methylation status of this region was analyzed in sperm and leukocytes by bisulfited sequencing. Results： The methylation status of the CpG island in the DAZ1 gene promoter region differed in leukocytes and sperm： it was methylated in leukocytes, but unmethylated in sperm. Conclusion： A differentially methylated region of the DAZ1 gene exists in spermatic and somatic cells, suggesting that methylation of this region may regulate DAZ1 gene expression in different tissues. （Asian J Androl 2006 Jan; 8：61-67 ）展开更多
The current study examined a rat model of vascular dementia. The model rats exhibited obvious morphological and ultrastructural changes in neurons in the brain, and significantly reduced dynamin 1 expression in hippoc...The current study examined a rat model of vascular dementia. The model rats exhibited obvious morphological and ultrastructural changes in neurons in the brain, and significantly reduced dynamin 1 expression in hippocampal CA1 region along with decreased learning and memory performance. Following atorvastatin treatment, the morphology and ultrastructure of cells in the model rat brain were significantly improved, dynamin 1 expression in hippocampal CA1 region was significantly enhanced, and learning and memory ability was significantly improved. The results demonstrated that impaired learning and memory abilities in vascular dementia model rats were closely correlated with decreased dynamin 1 expression. These findings indicate that atorvastatin can protect model rats against cognitive impairment by increasing dynamin 1 expression.展开更多
In this paper, a new trust region algorithm for unconstrained LC1 optimization problems is given. Compare with those existing trust regiion methods, this algorithm has a different feature: it obtains a stepsize at eac...In this paper, a new trust region algorithm for unconstrained LC1 optimization problems is given. Compare with those existing trust regiion methods, this algorithm has a different feature: it obtains a stepsize at each iteration not by soloving a quadratic subproblem with a trust region bound, but by solving a system of linear equations. Thus it reduces computational complexity and improves computation efficiency. It is proven that this algorithm is globally convergent and locally superlinear under some conditions.展开更多
A new trust region algorithm for solving convex LC 1 optimization problem is presented.It is proved that the algorithm is globally convergent and the rate of convergence is superlinear under some reasonable assum...A new trust region algorithm for solving convex LC 1 optimization problem is presented.It is proved that the algorithm is globally convergent and the rate of convergence is superlinear under some reasonable assumptions.展开更多
Ilexonin A is a compound isolated from the root of Ilex pubescens,a traditional Chinese medicine.Ilexonin A has been shown to play a neuroprotective role by regulating the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the...Ilexonin A is a compound isolated from the root of Ilex pubescens,a traditional Chinese medicine.Ilexonin A has been shown to play a neuroprotective role by regulating the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the peri-infarct area after ischemia.However,the effects of ilexonin A on astrocytes and microglia in the infarct-free region of the hippocampal CA1 region remain unclear.Focal cerebral ischemia models were established by 2-hour occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats.Ilexonin A(20,40 or 80 mg/kg)was administered immediately after ischemia/reperfusion.The astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein,microglia marker Iba-1,neural stem cell marker nestin and inflammation markers were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot assay.Expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin 1βwere determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in the hippocampal CA1 tissue.Astrocytes were activated immediately in progressively increasing numbers from 1,3,to 7 days post-ischemia/reperfusion.The number of activated astrocytes further increased in the hippocampal CA1 region after treatment with ilexonin A.Microglial cells remained quiescent after ischemia/reperfusion,but became activated after treatment with ilexonin A.Ilexonin A enhanced nestin expression and reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin 1βin the hippocampus post-ischemia/reperfusion.The results of the present study suggest that ilexonin A has a neuroprotective effect in the hippocampus after ischemia/reperfusion,probably through regulating astrocytes and microglia activation,promoting neuronal stem cell proliferation and reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital,China.展开更多
In this paper, a new trust region algorithm for nonlinear equality constrained LC1 optimization problems is given. It obtains a search direction at each iteration not by solving a quadratic programming subprobiem with...In this paper, a new trust region algorithm for nonlinear equality constrained LC1 optimization problems is given. It obtains a search direction at each iteration not by solving a quadratic programming subprobiem with a trust region bound, but by solving a system of linear equations. Since the computational complexity of a QP-Problem is in general much larger than that of a system of linear equations, this method proposed in this paper may reduce the computational complexity and hence improve computational efficiency. Furthermore, it is proved under appropriate assumptions that this algorithm is globally and super-linearly convergent to a solution of the original problem. Some numerical examples are reported, showing the proposed algorithm can be beneficial from a computational point of view.展开更多
Enterovirus 71 （EV71） is a member of the Entero-virus genus of the Picomaviridae family and is the major cause of Hand, foot, and mouth disease （HFMD） in children. Different strains from Gansu were cloned and the ...Enterovirus 71 （EV71） is a member of the Entero-virus genus of the Picomaviridae family and is the major cause of Hand, foot, and mouth disease （HFMD） in children. Different strains from Gansu were cloned and the P1 protein was sequenced and analysed. Results indicate that there are three kinds of EV71 infections prevalent in Gansu. The VP 1 protein from one of these strains, 55F, was expressed. The recombinant protein was expressed with high level and reacted specifically with the EV71 patient antibody, the recombinant protein was also applied to raise antiserum in rabbits and after the fourth injection a high titer of antiserum was detected by ELISA assay. These data are useful for further clarification of prevalent EV71 strains in the north of China at the molecular level and provide a basis for EV71 diagnosis.展开更多
B lymphoma Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion region 1 (BMI1), a core member of polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), has been intensely investigated in the field of cancer epigenetics for decades. Widely known a...B lymphoma Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion region 1 (BMI1), a core member of polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), has been intensely investigated in the field of cancer epigenetics for decades. Widely known as a critical regulator in cellular physiology, BMI1 is essential in self-renewal and differentiation in different lineages of stem cells. BMI1 also plays a significant role in cancer etiology for its involvement in pathological progress such as epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell maintenance, propagation, and differentiation. Importantly, overexpression of BMI1 is predictive for drug resistance, tumor recurrence, and eventual therapy failure of various cancer subtypes, which renders the pharmacological targeting at BMI1 as a novel and promising therapeutic approach. The study on prostate cancer, a prevalent hormone-related cancer among men, has promoted enormous research advancements in cancer genetics and epigenetics. This review summarizes the role of BMI1 as an oncogenic and epigenetic regulator in tumor initiation, progression, and relapse of prostate cancer.展开更多
LIM kinase 1(LIMK1),a cytosolic serine/threonine kinase,regulates actin filament dynamics and reorganization and is involved in neuronal development and brain function.Abnormal expression of LIMK1 is associated with s...LIM kinase 1(LIMK1),a cytosolic serine/threonine kinase,regulates actin filament dynamics and reorganization and is involved in neuronal development and brain function.Abnormal expression of LIMK1 is associated with several neurological disorders.In this study,we performed a conservation analysis using Vector NTI(8.0)software.The dualluciferase reporter assay and real-time quantitative RT-PCR were used to assess the protein and mRNA levels of the reporter gene,respectively.We found that a region ranging from nt+884 to+966 in the human LIMK13'untranslated region(UTR)was highly conserved in the mouse Limkl 3'UTR and formed a structure containing several loops and stems.Luciferase assay showed that the relative luciferase activity of the mutated construct with the conserved region deleted,pGL4-hLIMK1-3U-M,in SH-SY5Y and HEK-293 cells was only-60%of that of the wild-type construct pGL4-hLIMK1-3U,indicating that the conserved region is critical for the reporter gene expression.Real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the relative Luc2 mRNA levels in SH-SY5Y and HEK293 cells transfected with pGL4-hLIMK1-3U-M decreased to50%of that in cells transfected with pGL4-hLIMK1-3U,suggesting an important role of the conserved region in maintaining Luc2 mRNA stability.Our study suggests that the conserved region in the LIMK13'UTR is involved in regulating LIMK1 expression at the post-transcriptional level,which may help reveal the mechanism underlying the regulation of LIMK1 expression in the central nervous system and explore the relationship between the 3'-UTR mutant and neuroloqical disorders.展开更多
Diabetes,as a metabolic disorder,is accompanied with several gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms,like abdominal pain,gastroparesis,diarrhoea or constipation.Serious and complex enteric nervous system damage is confirmed in t...Diabetes,as a metabolic disorder,is accompanied with several gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms,like abdominal pain,gastroparesis,diarrhoea or constipation.Serious and complex enteric nervous system damage is confirmed in the background of these diabetic motility complaints.The anatomical length of the GI tract,as well as genetic,developmental,structural and functional differences between its segments contribute to the distinct,intestinal region-specific effects of hyperglycemia.These observations support and highlight the importance of a regional approach in diabetes-related enteric neuropathy.Intestinal large and microvessels are essential for the blood supply of enteric ganglia.Bidirectional morpho-functional linkage exists between enteric neurons and enteroglia,however,there is also a reciprocal communication between enteric neurons and immune cells on which intestinal microbial composition has crucial influence.From this point of view,it is more appropriate to say that enteric neurons partake in multidirectional communication and interact with these key players of the intestinal wall.These interplays may differ from segment to segment,thus,the microenvironment of enteric neurons could be considered strictly regional.The goal of this review is to summarize the main tissue components and molecular factors,such as enteric glia cells,interstitial cells of Cajal,gut vasculature,intestinal epithelium,gut microbiota,immune cells,enteroendocrine cells,prooxidants,antioxidant molecules and extracellular matrix,which create and determine a gut region-dependent neuronal environment in diabetes.展开更多
In this paper we present a filter-trust-region algorithm for solving LC1 unconstrained optimization problems which uses the second Dini upper directional derivative. We establish the global convergence of the algorith...In this paper we present a filter-trust-region algorithm for solving LC1 unconstrained optimization problems which uses the second Dini upper directional derivative. We establish the global convergence of the algorithm under reasonable assumptions.展开更多
The hippocampal region of the brain is important for encoding environment inputs and memory formation. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. To investigate the behavior of indi-vidual neurons in response to ...The hippocampal region of the brain is important for encoding environment inputs and memory formation. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. To investigate the behavior of indi-vidual neurons in response to somatosensory inputs in the hippocampal CA1 region, we recorded and analyzed changes in local ifeld potentials and the ifring rates of individual pyramidal cells and interneurons during tail clamping in urethane-anesthetized rats. We also explored the mechanisms underlying the neuronal responses. Somatosensory stimulation, in the form of tail clamping, chan-ged local ifeld potentials into theta rhythm-dominated waveforms, decreased the spike ifring of py-ramidal cells, and increased interneuron ifring. In addition, somatosensory stimulation attenuated orthodromic-evoked population spikes. These results suggest that somatosensory stimulation sup-presses the excitability of pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA1 region. Increased inhibition by local interneurons might underlie this effect. These ifndings provide insight into the mechanisms of signal processing in the hippocampus and suggest that sensory stimulation might have thera-peutic potential for brain disorders associated with neuronal hyperexcitability.展开更多
This study analyzed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop hypervariable region 601 bp sequence in 12 Eutamias sibiricus from Heilongjiang area. The result showed that the average contents of A, T, G and C were 33.2%, 30.5%, 11...This study analyzed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop hypervariable region 601 bp sequence in 12 Eutamias sibiricus from Heilongjiang area. The result showed that the average contents of A, T, G and C were 33.2%, 30.5%, 11.8% and 24.5% respectively, the A＋T content （63.7%） was obviously higher than the G＋C content （36.3%）. Thirty-six, mutation （approximately 6.0%） sites were found and 9 haplotypes were defined. The mutations types, including transition, transversion and deletion were all found in the detected mtDNA D-loop regions, most of which was transition. The average nucleotide mutational ratio was 1.22%. The nucleotide mutation sites affected the restriction site appearance or disappearance of the restriction site. The research on mtDNA D-loop is focused on the domestic animals and there is no report on Eutamias sibiricus, This study analyzed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop hypervariable in Eutamias sibiricus so as to provide some useful informations for related research in the future.展开更多
文摘Background:Oral health issues persistently affect the overall health and well-being of rural populations.Village health volunteers(VHVs)play a crucial role in advancing oral health literacy in their community.This study aimed to examine the factors related to nutritional literacy for oral health among VHVs.Methods:This was a mixed-methods study employing an explanatory sequential design.The quantitative data were gathered through questionnaires distributed to a cohort of 10,514 VHVs registered in Health Region 1.A stratified random sampling technique was used to ensure adequate representation of various subgroups within the VHV population,considering factors such as age,education level,and geographical distribution across the region.This approach allowed for a more representative sample that accurately reflects the diversity of the VHV population.Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with a purposive sampling of 20 participants based on specific criteria.Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and biserial correlation techniques,while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.Results:The study found that the sample group possessed a moderate level of knowledge of health literacy principles and nutrition for oral health.However,their self-assessed skills in nutritional literacy for oral health were rated as high.A statistically significant negative correlation was found between knowledge of nutrition for oral health and skills in nutritional literacy for oral health.VHVs equated health literacy with knowledge because their public health training had focused more on imparting knowledge rather than developing skills based on health literacy principles.Conclusion:There is a need to emphasize skill-based health literacy training and to use effective skill development techniques that are tailored to the specific roles and responsibilities of health volunteers.It is also recommended to continuously monitor and evaluate the outcomes of these efforts.
基金support from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20240036)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U24A20515,22276099,and 22361162668)Guangxi Key Research and Development Program,China(Grant No.Guike AB24010074)。
文摘We conducted a field campaign to investigate the chemical composition,sources,and light absorption of submicron aerosols(PM_(1))from early 2022 in Nanjing,China.The average concentration of PM_(1) was 31μg m^(−3),organics(33%)constituted the largest fraction,followed by nitrate(30%),sulfate(18%),ammonium(15%),chloride(3%),and rBC(2%).Four organic aerosol(OA)subcomponents were identified,including two primary OA(POA)and two secondary OA(SOA).The less-oxidized SOA(LO-OOA)contributes the most to the total OA mass(59%).LO-OOA is tightly correlated with the tracer ion C_(2)H_(4)O_(2)^(+)from levoglucosan,and another aged biomass-burning derived species,K_(3)SO_(4)^(+),suggesting it was likely influenced by aged biomass-burning OA.Our study also revealed that fireworks during the Spring Festival have a detrimental impact on air quality,contributing to secondary formation and accumulation under static winter meteorological conditions,prolonging the pollution duration.Also,LO-OOA was found to have the strongest light-absorbing ability.Our results highlight that the light absorption of LO-OOA can mainly be attributed to the C_(x)H_(y)N^(+) family,increased with the double-bond equivalent value.The more-oxidized SOA(MO-OOA)exhibited a negligible light absorption and was strongly correlated with daytime photochemical processes,implying a light-bleaching effect.This study enhances our understanding of the regional contribution of biomass combustion and fireworks to PM_(1) pollution in Nanjing,a typical megacity in the Yangtze River Delta region,during winter,aiding in the development of strategies for long-term air quality improvement in the region.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Major Project(2008ZX10301)~~
文摘[Objective] The study aimed at predicting the T cell epitopes from proteins encoded by the specific RD1 region of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.[Method] By using bioinformatics software NetMHC Server,all possible peptides sequences from RD1 region of M.tuberculosis were analyzed in silico for the ability to bind to 34 alleles of HLA I and 9 alleles of HLA II.[Result] 1 580 peptides binding to 9 alleles of HLA II and 336 peptides binding to 34 alleles of HLA I were obtained by predication.[Conclusion] Identification of T cell epitopes from the proteins encoded by RD1 region may serve to define candidate antigens with potentials in specific diagnosis and development of new vaccines against TB.
文摘We have previously reported that the human ACAT1 gene produces a chimeric mRNA through the interchromosomal processing of two discontinuous RNAs transcribed from chromosomes 1 and 7. The chimeric mRNA uses AUG1397-1399 and GGC1274-1276 as translation initiation codons to produce normal 50-kDa ACAT1 and a novel enzymatically active 56-kDa isoform, respectively, with the latter being authentically present in human cells, including human monocyte- derived macrophages. In this work, we report that RNA secondary structures located in the vicinity of the GGC1274-1276 codon are required for production of the 56-kDa isoform. The effects of the three predicted stem-loops （nt 1255-1268, 1286-1342 and 1355-1384） were tested individually by transfecting expression plasmids into cells that contained the wild-type, deleted or mutant stem-loop sequences linked to a partial ACAT1 AUG open reading frame （ORF） or to the ORFs of other genes. The expression patterns were monitored by western blot analyses. We found that the upstream stem-loop1255-1268 from chromosome 7 and downstream stem-loop1286-1342 from chromosome 1 were needed for production of the 56-kDa isoform, whereas the last stem-loop135s-1384 from chromosome 1 was dispensable. The results of experi- ments using both monocistronic and bicistronic vectors with a stable hairpin showed that translation initiation from the GGC1274-1276 codon was mediated by an internal ribosome entry site （IRES）. Further experiments revealed that translation initiation from the GGC1274-1276 codon requires the upstream AU-constituted RNA secondary structure and the downstream GC-rich structure. This mechanistic work provides further support for the biological significance of the chimeric nature of the human ACAT1 transcript.
文摘Aim： To investigate the methylation status of the deleted in azoospermia 1（DAZ1） gene promoter region in different cell types. Methods： Using CpG island Searcher software, a CpG island was found in the promoter region of the DAZ1 gene. The methylation status of this region was analyzed in sperm and leukocytes by bisulfited sequencing. Results： The methylation status of the CpG island in the DAZ1 gene promoter region differed in leukocytes and sperm： it was methylated in leukocytes, but unmethylated in sperm. Conclusion： A differentially methylated region of the DAZ1 gene exists in spermatic and somatic cells, suggesting that methylation of this region may regulate DAZ1 gene expression in different tissues. （Asian J Androl 2006 Jan; 8：61-67 ）
基金the Science and Technology Development Program of Hunan Province,No.2008FJ3195
文摘The current study examined a rat model of vascular dementia. The model rats exhibited obvious morphological and ultrastructural changes in neurons in the brain, and significantly reduced dynamin 1 expression in hippocampal CA1 region along with decreased learning and memory performance. Following atorvastatin treatment, the morphology and ultrastructure of cells in the model rat brain were significantly improved, dynamin 1 expression in hippocampal CA1 region was significantly enhanced, and learning and memory ability was significantly improved. The results demonstrated that impaired learning and memory abilities in vascular dementia model rats were closely correlated with decreased dynamin 1 expression. These findings indicate that atorvastatin can protect model rats against cognitive impairment by increasing dynamin 1 expression.
文摘In this paper, a new trust region algorithm for unconstrained LC1 optimization problems is given. Compare with those existing trust regiion methods, this algorithm has a different feature: it obtains a stepsize at each iteration not by soloving a quadratic subproblem with a trust region bound, but by solving a system of linear equations. Thus it reduces computational complexity and improves computation efficiency. It is proven that this algorithm is globally convergent and locally superlinear under some conditions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of P.R.China(1 9971 0 0 2 ) and the Subject ofBeijing Educational Committ
文摘A new trust region algorithm for solving convex LC 1 optimization problem is presented.It is proved that the algorithm is globally convergent and the rate of convergence is superlinear under some reasonable assumptions.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China,No.2014J01327the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Colleges and Universities of Fujian Province of China,No.NCETFJ-0704the Professorial Academic Development Foundation of Fujian Medical University of China,No.JS09014(all to GYZ)
文摘Ilexonin A is a compound isolated from the root of Ilex pubescens,a traditional Chinese medicine.Ilexonin A has been shown to play a neuroprotective role by regulating the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the peri-infarct area after ischemia.However,the effects of ilexonin A on astrocytes and microglia in the infarct-free region of the hippocampal CA1 region remain unclear.Focal cerebral ischemia models were established by 2-hour occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats.Ilexonin A(20,40 or 80 mg/kg)was administered immediately after ischemia/reperfusion.The astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein,microglia marker Iba-1,neural stem cell marker nestin and inflammation markers were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot assay.Expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin 1βwere determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in the hippocampal CA1 tissue.Astrocytes were activated immediately in progressively increasing numbers from 1,3,to 7 days post-ischemia/reperfusion.The number of activated astrocytes further increased in the hippocampal CA1 region after treatment with ilexonin A.Microglial cells remained quiescent after ischemia/reperfusion,but became activated after treatment with ilexonin A.Ilexonin A enhanced nestin expression and reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin 1βin the hippocampus post-ischemia/reperfusion.The results of the present study suggest that ilexonin A has a neuroprotective effect in the hippocampus after ischemia/reperfusion,probably through regulating astrocytes and microglia activation,promoting neuronal stem cell proliferation and reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital,China.
文摘In this paper, a new trust region algorithm for nonlinear equality constrained LC1 optimization problems is given. It obtains a search direction at each iteration not by solving a quadratic programming subprobiem with a trust region bound, but by solving a system of linear equations. Since the computational complexity of a QP-Problem is in general much larger than that of a system of linear equations, this method proposed in this paper may reduce the computational complexity and hence improve computational efficiency. Furthermore, it is proved under appropriate assumptions that this algorithm is globally and super-linearly convergent to a solution of the original problem. Some numerical examples are reported, showing the proposed algorithm can be beneficial from a computational point of view.
文摘Enterovirus 71 （EV71） is a member of the Entero-virus genus of the Picomaviridae family and is the major cause of Hand, foot, and mouth disease （HFMD） in children. Different strains from Gansu were cloned and the P1 protein was sequenced and analysed. Results indicate that there are three kinds of EV71 infections prevalent in Gansu. The VP 1 protein from one of these strains, 55F, was expressed. The recombinant protein was expressed with high level and reacted specifically with the EV71 patient antibody, the recombinant protein was also applied to raise antiserum in rabbits and after the fourth injection a high titer of antiserum was detected by ELISA assay. These data are useful for further clarification of prevalent EV71 strains in the north of China at the molecular level and provide a basis for EV71 diagnosis.
文摘B lymphoma Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion region 1 (BMI1), a core member of polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), has been intensely investigated in the field of cancer epigenetics for decades. Widely known as a critical regulator in cellular physiology, BMI1 is essential in self-renewal and differentiation in different lineages of stem cells. BMI1 also plays a significant role in cancer etiology for its involvement in pathological progress such as epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell maintenance, propagation, and differentiation. Importantly, overexpression of BMI1 is predictive for drug resistance, tumor recurrence, and eventual therapy failure of various cancer subtypes, which renders the pharmacological targeting at BMI1 as a novel and promising therapeutic approach. The study on prostate cancer, a prevalent hormone-related cancer among men, has promoted enormous research advancements in cancer genetics and epigenetics. This review summarizes the role of BMI1 as an oncogenic and epigenetic regulator in tumor initiation, progression, and relapse of prostate cancer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81171073,30870876 and 31070928)the Guangzhou Municipal Scholar Project,Guangdong Province,China(10A011G)Scientific Research Program of Guangzhou Municipal Colleges and Universities(10A211)
文摘LIM kinase 1(LIMK1),a cytosolic serine/threonine kinase,regulates actin filament dynamics and reorganization and is involved in neuronal development and brain function.Abnormal expression of LIMK1 is associated with several neurological disorders.In this study,we performed a conservation analysis using Vector NTI(8.0)software.The dualluciferase reporter assay and real-time quantitative RT-PCR were used to assess the protein and mRNA levels of the reporter gene,respectively.We found that a region ranging from nt+884 to+966 in the human LIMK13'untranslated region(UTR)was highly conserved in the mouse Limkl 3'UTR and formed a structure containing several loops and stems.Luciferase assay showed that the relative luciferase activity of the mutated construct with the conserved region deleted,pGL4-hLIMK1-3U-M,in SH-SY5Y and HEK-293 cells was only-60%of that of the wild-type construct pGL4-hLIMK1-3U,indicating that the conserved region is critical for the reporter gene expression.Real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the relative Luc2 mRNA levels in SH-SY5Y and HEK293 cells transfected with pGL4-hLIMK1-3U-M decreased to50%of that in cells transfected with pGL4-hLIMK1-3U,suggesting an important role of the conserved region in maintaining Luc2 mRNA stability.Our study suggests that the conserved region in the LIMK13'UTR is involved in regulating LIMK1 expression at the post-transcriptional level,which may help reveal the mechanism underlying the regulation of LIMK1 expression in the central nervous system and explore the relationship between the 3'-UTR mutant and neuroloqical disorders.
基金Hungarian NKFIH Fund Project (N.B.),No.FK131789János Bolyai Research Scholarship of The Hungarian Academy of Sciences (N.B.)+1 种基金New National Excellence Program of The Ministry for Innovation and Technology from The Source of The National Research,Development and Innovation Fund (N.B.)No.úNKP-22-5
文摘Diabetes,as a metabolic disorder,is accompanied with several gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms,like abdominal pain,gastroparesis,diarrhoea or constipation.Serious and complex enteric nervous system damage is confirmed in the background of these diabetic motility complaints.The anatomical length of the GI tract,as well as genetic,developmental,structural and functional differences between its segments contribute to the distinct,intestinal region-specific effects of hyperglycemia.These observations support and highlight the importance of a regional approach in diabetes-related enteric neuropathy.Intestinal large and microvessels are essential for the blood supply of enteric ganglia.Bidirectional morpho-functional linkage exists between enteric neurons and enteroglia,however,there is also a reciprocal communication between enteric neurons and immune cells on which intestinal microbial composition has crucial influence.From this point of view,it is more appropriate to say that enteric neurons partake in multidirectional communication and interact with these key players of the intestinal wall.These interplays may differ from segment to segment,thus,the microenvironment of enteric neurons could be considered strictly regional.The goal of this review is to summarize the main tissue components and molecular factors,such as enteric glia cells,interstitial cells of Cajal,gut vasculature,intestinal epithelium,gut microbiota,immune cells,enteroendocrine cells,prooxidants,antioxidant molecules and extracellular matrix,which create and determine a gut region-dependent neuronal environment in diabetes.
基金Supported by CERG: CityU 101005 of the Government of Hong Kong SAR, Chinathe National Natural ScienceFoundation of China, the Specialized Research Fund of Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No.20040319003)the Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu Province of China (Grant No. BK2006214)
文摘In this paper we present a filter-trust-region algorithm for solving LC1 unconstrained optimization problems which uses the second Dini upper directional derivative. We establish the global convergence of the algorithm under reasonable assumptions.
基金supported by Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program),No.2011CB504400
文摘The hippocampal region of the brain is important for encoding environment inputs and memory formation. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. To investigate the behavior of indi-vidual neurons in response to somatosensory inputs in the hippocampal CA1 region, we recorded and analyzed changes in local ifeld potentials and the ifring rates of individual pyramidal cells and interneurons during tail clamping in urethane-anesthetized rats. We also explored the mechanisms underlying the neuronal responses. Somatosensory stimulation, in the form of tail clamping, chan-ged local ifeld potentials into theta rhythm-dominated waveforms, decreased the spike ifring of py-ramidal cells, and increased interneuron ifring. In addition, somatosensory stimulation attenuated orthodromic-evoked population spikes. These results suggest that somatosensory stimulation sup-presses the excitability of pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA1 region. Increased inhibition by local interneurons might underlie this effect. These ifndings provide insight into the mechanisms of signal processing in the hippocampus and suggest that sensory stimulation might have thera-peutic potential for brain disorders associated with neuronal hyperexcitability.
文摘This study analyzed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop hypervariable region 601 bp sequence in 12 Eutamias sibiricus from Heilongjiang area. The result showed that the average contents of A, T, G and C were 33.2%, 30.5%, 11.8% and 24.5% respectively, the A＋T content （63.7%） was obviously higher than the G＋C content （36.3%）. Thirty-six, mutation （approximately 6.0%） sites were found and 9 haplotypes were defined. The mutations types, including transition, transversion and deletion were all found in the detected mtDNA D-loop regions, most of which was transition. The average nucleotide mutational ratio was 1.22%. The nucleotide mutation sites affected the restriction site appearance or disappearance of the restriction site. The research on mtDNA D-loop is focused on the domestic animals and there is no report on Eutamias sibiricus, This study analyzed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop hypervariable in Eutamias sibiricus so as to provide some useful informations for related research in the future.
