Recently, 3D display technology, and content creation tools have been undergone rigorous development and as a result they have been widely adopted by home and professional users. 3D digital repositories are increasing...Recently, 3D display technology, and content creation tools have been undergone rigorous development and as a result they have been widely adopted by home and professional users. 3D digital repositories are increasing and becoming available ubiquitously. However, searching and visualizing 3D content remains a great challenge. In this paper, we propose and present the development of a novel approach for creating hypervideos, which ease the 3D content search and retrieval. It is called the dynamic hyperlinker for 3D content search and retrieval process. It advances 3D multimedia navigability and searchability by creating dynamic links for selectable and clickable objects in the video scene whilst the user consumes the 3D video clip. The proposed system involves 3D video processing, such as detecting/tracking clickable objects, annotating objects, and metadata engineering including 3D content descriptive protocol. Such system attracts the attention from both home and professional users and more specifically broadcasters and digital content providers. The experiment is conducted on full parallax holoscopic 3D videos “also known as integral images”.展开更多
A distinctive feature of scholarly communities today is exploring topics and concepts in interdisciplinary and international contexts. This observation is increasingly apparent and visible in advancing our thinking an...A distinctive feature of scholarly communities today is exploring topics and concepts in interdisciplinary and international contexts. This observation is increasingly apparent and visible in advancing our thinking and policies related to human/environmental worlds at local, regional, and global scales. Maps are an important part of these innovative and ongoing research approaches. In this context, we consider urban forests a topic meriting more attention of scholars studying the geographic and environmental intersections of the natural sciences with the social sciences and humanities. We construct two innovative knowledge bases, one a conceptual framework based on major themes and concepts related to mapping urban forests using key words of the first 100 results of a Google Scholar query and a second using the number of Google Scholar hyperlinks about mapping urban forests in 244 capital cities. We discovered that the constructed world maps reveal vast global unevenness in our knowledge about urban forests in hyperlink numbers and ratios, results that merit further attention by disciplinary, international and interdisciplinary scholarly communities.展开更多
After a review on the conventional separation process of rare earths （RE）, hyperlink extraction technology was introduced and a potential process was proposed for clean separation of RE. A great amount of acid, base...After a review on the conventional separation process of rare earths （RE）, hyperlink extraction technology was introduced and a potential process was proposed for clean separation of RE. A great amount of acid, base and water was consumed in the con- ventional RE separation process which included the procedures of raw material dissolving, extraction separation and precipitation. Therefore hyperlink extraction technology had been developed, by which the repeated consumption of acid and base could be avoided during the extraction process. And based on the theory and successfid applications of the hyperlink extraction technology, we pro- posed the integral hyperlink process in which the intermediate acid resulted in individual procedures would be recycled and reused after being treated. The proposed process would make it feasible to consume no chemicals except for oxalic acid, and so could be a promising clean separation technology with a significant reduction on consumption and emission.展开更多
The rapid development of Internet technology makes it possible to integrate GIS with the Internet,forming Internet GIS.Internet GIS is based on a distributed client/server architecture and TCP/IP & IIOP.When const...The rapid development of Internet technology makes it possible to integrate GIS with the Internet,forming Internet GIS.Internet GIS is based on a distributed client/server architecture and TCP/IP & IIOP.When constructing and designing Internet GIS,we face the problem of how to express information units of Internet GIS.In order to solve this problem,this paper presents a distributed hypermap model for Internet GIS.This model provides a solution to organize and manage Internet GIS information units.It also illustrates relations between two information units and in an internal information unit both on clients and servers.On the basis of this model,the paper contributes to the expressions of hypermap relations and hypermap operations.The usage of this model is shown in the implementation of a prototype system.展开更多
For an AB/BC countercurrent extraction separation using organic feed, the conditions to have minimum amount of ex- tracting solvent （Smin） and minimum amount of scrubbing agent solution （Wmin） were discussed, and ...For an AB/BC countercurrent extraction separation using organic feed, the conditions to have minimum amount of ex- tracting solvent （Smin） and minimum amount of scrubbing agent solution （Wmin） were discussed, and the formulae of both Sroin and Wmin were deduced. It was shown that only when the ratio of flowrate of central component B leaving aqueous outlet to that leaving organic outlet took a certain optimal value, the AB/BC separation could have Smin as well as Wmin, and this optimal ratio was decided by the separation factors between the three components but independent of feed composition. Smin was only relative to the separation factor of A/C pair but regardless of the separation factors of other pairs as well as feed composition, whereas Wmin was determined by the separation factors between the components together with feed composition. Meanwhile it was also found that the organic stream out of feed stage was same composition as the initial organic feed when the separation system was given by the two minimum amounts and its steady state was achieved. Finally the results above were used to design a LuYb/YbTm separation case and the stage-wise compositions of each component in both the organic and the aqueous phase at steady state were given by computer simulation.展开更多
A web page clustering algorithm called PageCluster and the improved algorithm ImPageCluster solving overlapping are proposed. These methods not only take the web structure and page hyperlink into account, but also con...A web page clustering algorithm called PageCluster and the improved algorithm ImPageCluster solving overlapping are proposed. These methods not only take the web structure and page hyperlink into account, but also consider the importance of each page which is described as in-weight and out-weight. Compared with the traditional clustering methods, the experiments show that the runtimes of the proposed algorithms are less with the improved accuracies.展开更多
Google’s algorithm on PageRank is analyzed in details. Some disadvantages of this algorithm is presented, for instance, preferring old pages, ignoring special sites and inaccurate judge of hyperlinks pointed out from...Google’s algorithm on PageRank is analyzed in details. Some disadvantages of this algorithm is presented, for instance, preferring old pages, ignoring special sites and inaccurate judge of hyperlinks pointed out from one page. Furthermore, author’s improved algorithm is described. Experiments show that the author’s consideration on evaluating the importance of pages can make an improvement over the original algorithm. Based on this improved algorithm a topic specific searching system have been developed.展开更多
The objective of this paper is to study the impact of a vehicular network on a physical (road) network consisting of several intersections controlled by traffic lights. The vehicular network is considered to be a rand...The objective of this paper is to study the impact of a vehicular network on a physical (road) network consisting of several intersections controlled by traffic lights. The vehicular network is considered to be a random graph superimposed on a regular Hamiltonian graph. The two graphs are connected by hyperlinks. The evolution of traffic at intersections given the existence of vehicular networks is measured by the method of reflective triangles.展开更多
Every term has a meaning but there are terms which have multiple meanings. Identifying the correct meaning of a term in a specific context is the goal of Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) applications. Identifying the c...Every term has a meaning but there are terms which have multiple meanings. Identifying the correct meaning of a term in a specific context is the goal of Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) applications. Identifying the correct sense of a term given a limited context is even harder. This research aims at solving the problem of identifying the correct sense of a term given only one term as its context. The main focus of this research is on using Wikipedia as the external knowledge source to decipher the true meaning of each term using a single term as the context. We experimented with the semantically rich Wikipedia senses and hyperlinks for context disambiguation. We also analyzed the effect of sense filtering on context extraction and found it quite effective for contextual disambiguation. Results have shown that disambiguation with filtering works quite well on manually disambiguated dataset with the performance accuracy of 86%.展开更多
Sciencenet.cn is the leading online portal serving the Chinese scientific community. This paper intends to analyze the interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary knowledge communication patterns based on friends-list lin...Sciencenet.cn is the leading online portal serving the Chinese scientific community. This paper intends to analyze the interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary knowledge communication patterns based on friends-list links in the blog community at Sciencenet.cn by using hyperlink analysis and social network analysis. The major findings are: 1) More bloggers have an academic background in management science and life science; 2) there are some core actors in co-inlink network and co-outlink network, who take the lead in engaging with knowledge exchange activities and produce a great influence on interdisciplinary communication; 3) interactive relationships commonly exist between a blogger and those on his/her friends list, and the most linked-to blogs usually play a key role in generating interactive communication; 4) management science has the highest co-inlink count with life science or information science and it has the highest co-outlink count with life science or mathematical and physical science; 5) management science and life science have the greatest impact on information science and the interdisciplinary knowledge communication will also produce relatively significant influence on the development of information science discipline. It is our hope that this research can serve as a reference source for the future studies of academic virtual communities, and the development of mechanisms for facilitating increased engagement in knowledge exchange activities in academic virtual communities.展开更多
Minimum amounts of extracting solvent and scrubbing agent solution (denoted as Smin and Wmin respectively) mean the theoretical minimal requirements for chemicals to achieve a specified separation duty, and therefore ...Minimum amounts of extracting solvent and scrubbing agent solution (denoted as Smin and Wmin respectively) mean the theoretical minimal requirements for chemicals to achieve a specified separation duty, and therefore attract more concerns in the process design of countercurrent extraction separation. Over the past decade, hyperlink extraction technology has been widely used in rare earth separation industry in China with the target to decrease chemical consumption as well as pollution discharges. However, the equations of Smin and Wmin derived in the earlier version of the theory of countercurrent extraction can only be correctly applied to two-component separation and become invalid for hyperlink processes. It is significant to develop new aspects of the theory for design of the hyperlink processes. The separation of (A1A2···At-1)/(A2A3···At) is the basic configuration in the hyperlink processes differently from in conventional processes, where A1, A2, ···, At represent different kinds of rare earth ions with the same number of valence. The separations of two and three components have been discussed and the equations of Smin and Wmin are derived in our previous works. Nevertheless, it is still significant, especially for rare earth separations, to investigate the separations with more components. The present article will therefore focus on developing new expressions for Smin and Wmin applied to the (A1A2···At﹣1)/(A2A3···At) separation. Also a five-component separation case is simulated according to the derived equations. This work is an essential part of the new theory to design the hyperlink extraction processes.展开更多
Complex systems can be more accurately described by higher-order interactions among multiple units.Hypergraphs excel at depicting these interactions,surpassing the binary limitations of traditional graphs.However,retr...Complex systems can be more accurately described by higher-order interactions among multiple units.Hypergraphs excel at depicting these interactions,surpassing the binary limitations of traditional graphs.However,retrieving valuable information from hypergraphs is often challenging due to their intricate interconnections.To address this issue,we introduce a new category of structural patterns,hypermotifs,which are defined as statistically significant local structures formed by interconnected hyperedges.We propose a systematic framework for hypermotif extraction.This framework features the encoding,census,and evaluation of higher-order patterns,effectively overcoming their inherent complexity and diversity.Our experimental results demonstrate that hypermotifs can serve as higher-order fingerprints of real-world hypergraphs,helping to identify hypergraph classes based on network functions.These motifs potentially represent preferential attachments and key modules in real-world hypergraphs,arising from specific mechanisms or constraints.Our work validates the efficacy of hypermotifs in exploring hypergraphs,offering a powerful tool for revealing the design principles and underlying dynamics of interacting systems.展开更多
In hyperlink analysis,most researchers focus on interpreting hyperlink counts,they seldom concern themselves enough about the significance of spatial distribution of hyperlinks.In this paper,we argue that not only can...In hyperlink analysis,most researchers focus on interpreting hyperlink counts,they seldom concern themselves enough about the significance of spatial distribution of hyperlinks.In this paper,we argue that not only can the inlink count to a tourist attraction’s official website reflect its attractiveness,but also the spatial distribution of its inlinks can reflect the distribution of its tourist source markets.Three mountains in Anhui Province,China,are chosen for the case study.Firstly,the correlation between the spatial distributions of an attraction’s tourist source markets and its official website’s inlinks is investigated.Secondly,the tourism indexes such as the spatial concentration index(SCI)and the attraction radius(AR),which are calculated by inlinks,are compared to the real indexes based on tourist sources.Last,the detailed discussion and analysis are presented and an improved model,which is used to calculate the distribution of inlinks,is proposed.展开更多
Hyperlink extraction technology,by virtue of its remarkable advantage of decreasing the use of chemicals in multi-component separation,has been extensively employed in rare earth separation industry in China.In hyperl...Hyperlink extraction technology,by virtue of its remarkable advantage of decreasing the use of chemicals in multi-component separation,has been extensively employed in rare earth separation industry in China.In hyperlink processes,non-barren extracting solvent and scrubbing agent solution which contain the component(s)involved in starting feed are employed in order to save both alkali for saponification and acid for scrubbing.Minimum amount of extracting solvent(denoted as S_(min))and that of scrubbing agent solution(denoted as W_(min))are important parameters to determine the consumption amounts of alkali and acid for a given countercurrent extraction separation.This article therefore discusses the influence of using non-barren extracting solvent and scrubbing agent solution on S_(min) and W_(min) of an(A_(1)A_(2)…A_(t−1))/(A_(2)A_(3)…A_(t))separation.The equations for S_(min) and W_(min) are derived,and the variation of the composition of final raffinate as well as that of final extract are determined,which will provide a valuable guidance for the design of hyperlink extraction processes of multi-component separation,such as rare earths separation.展开更多
文摘Recently, 3D display technology, and content creation tools have been undergone rigorous development and as a result they have been widely adopted by home and professional users. 3D digital repositories are increasing and becoming available ubiquitously. However, searching and visualizing 3D content remains a great challenge. In this paper, we propose and present the development of a novel approach for creating hypervideos, which ease the 3D content search and retrieval. It is called the dynamic hyperlinker for 3D content search and retrieval process. It advances 3D multimedia navigability and searchability by creating dynamic links for selectable and clickable objects in the video scene whilst the user consumes the 3D video clip. The proposed system involves 3D video processing, such as detecting/tracking clickable objects, annotating objects, and metadata engineering including 3D content descriptive protocol. Such system attracts the attention from both home and professional users and more specifically broadcasters and digital content providers. The experiment is conducted on full parallax holoscopic 3D videos “also known as integral images”.
文摘A distinctive feature of scholarly communities today is exploring topics and concepts in interdisciplinary and international contexts. This observation is increasingly apparent and visible in advancing our thinking and policies related to human/environmental worlds at local, regional, and global scales. Maps are an important part of these innovative and ongoing research approaches. In this context, we consider urban forests a topic meriting more attention of scholars studying the geographic and environmental intersections of the natural sciences with the social sciences and humanities. We construct two innovative knowledge bases, one a conceptual framework based on major themes and concepts related to mapping urban forests using key words of the first 100 results of a Google Scholar query and a second using the number of Google Scholar hyperlinks about mapping urban forests in 244 capital cities. We discovered that the constructed world maps reveal vast global unevenness in our knowledge about urban forests in hyperlink numbers and ratios, results that merit further attention by disciplinary, international and interdisciplinary scholarly communities.
基金supported by the 863 Plan-National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2010AA03A405)973 Program-Major Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development (2012CBA01200)
文摘After a review on the conventional separation process of rare earths （RE）, hyperlink extraction technology was introduced and a potential process was proposed for clean separation of RE. A great amount of acid, base and water was consumed in the con- ventional RE separation process which included the procedures of raw material dissolving, extraction separation and precipitation. Therefore hyperlink extraction technology had been developed, by which the repeated consumption of acid and base could be avoided during the extraction process. And based on the theory and successfid applications of the hyperlink extraction technology, we pro- posed the integral hyperlink process in which the intermediate acid resulted in individual procedures would be recycled and reused after being treated. The proposed process would make it feasible to consume no chemicals except for oxalic acid, and so could be a promising clean separation technology with a significant reduction on consumption and emission.
文摘The rapid development of Internet technology makes it possible to integrate GIS with the Internet,forming Internet GIS.Internet GIS is based on a distributed client/server architecture and TCP/IP & IIOP.When constructing and designing Internet GIS,we face the problem of how to express information units of Internet GIS.In order to solve this problem,this paper presents a distributed hypermap model for Internet GIS.This model provides a solution to organize and manage Internet GIS information units.It also illustrates relations between two information units and in an internal information unit both on clients and servers.On the basis of this model,the paper contributes to the expressions of hypermap relations and hypermap operations.The usage of this model is shown in the implementation of a prototype system.
基金Project supported by the 973 Program-Major Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development(2012CBA01200)
文摘For an AB/BC countercurrent extraction separation using organic feed, the conditions to have minimum amount of ex- tracting solvent （Smin） and minimum amount of scrubbing agent solution （Wmin） were discussed, and the formulae of both Sroin and Wmin were deduced. It was shown that only when the ratio of flowrate of central component B leaving aqueous outlet to that leaving organic outlet took a certain optimal value, the AB/BC separation could have Smin as well as Wmin, and this optimal ratio was decided by the separation factors between the three components but independent of feed composition. Smin was only relative to the separation factor of A/C pair but regardless of the separation factors of other pairs as well as feed composition, whereas Wmin was determined by the separation factors between the components together with feed composition. Meanwhile it was also found that the organic stream out of feed stage was same composition as the initial organic feed when the separation system was given by the two minimum amounts and its steady state was achieved. Finally the results above were used to design a LuYb/YbTm separation case and the stage-wise compositions of each component in both the organic and the aqueous phase at steady state were given by computer simulation.
基金Sponsored bythe Huo Ying-Dong Education Foundation of China(91101)
文摘A web page clustering algorithm called PageCluster and the improved algorithm ImPageCluster solving overlapping are proposed. These methods not only take the web structure and page hyperlink into account, but also consider the importance of each page which is described as in-weight and out-weight. Compared with the traditional clustering methods, the experiments show that the runtimes of the proposed algorithms are less with the improved accuracies.
文摘Google’s algorithm on PageRank is analyzed in details. Some disadvantages of this algorithm is presented, for instance, preferring old pages, ignoring special sites and inaccurate judge of hyperlinks pointed out from one page. Furthermore, author’s improved algorithm is described. Experiments show that the author’s consideration on evaluating the importance of pages can make an improvement over the original algorithm. Based on this improved algorithm a topic specific searching system have been developed.
文摘The objective of this paper is to study the impact of a vehicular network on a physical (road) network consisting of several intersections controlled by traffic lights. The vehicular network is considered to be a random graph superimposed on a regular Hamiltonian graph. The two graphs are connected by hyperlinks. The evolution of traffic at intersections given the existence of vehicular networks is measured by the method of reflective triangles.
文摘Every term has a meaning but there are terms which have multiple meanings. Identifying the correct meaning of a term in a specific context is the goal of Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) applications. Identifying the correct sense of a term given a limited context is even harder. This research aims at solving the problem of identifying the correct sense of a term given only one term as its context. The main focus of this research is on using Wikipedia as the external knowledge source to decipher the true meaning of each term using a single term as the context. We experimented with the semantically rich Wikipedia senses and hyperlinks for context disambiguation. We also analyzed the effect of sense filtering on context extraction and found it quite effective for contextual disambiguation. Results have shown that disambiguation with filtering works quite well on manually disambiguated dataset with the performance accuracy of 86%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:70973093)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.:201110401020006)
文摘Sciencenet.cn is the leading online portal serving the Chinese scientific community. This paper intends to analyze the interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary knowledge communication patterns based on friends-list links in the blog community at Sciencenet.cn by using hyperlink analysis and social network analysis. The major findings are: 1) More bloggers have an academic background in management science and life science; 2) there are some core actors in co-inlink network and co-outlink network, who take the lead in engaging with knowledge exchange activities and produce a great influence on interdisciplinary communication; 3) interactive relationships commonly exist between a blogger and those on his/her friends list, and the most linked-to blogs usually play a key role in generating interactive communication; 4) management science has the highest co-inlink count with life science or information science and it has the highest co-outlink count with life science or mathematical and physical science; 5) management science and life science have the greatest impact on information science and the interdisciplinary knowledge communication will also produce relatively significant influence on the development of information science discipline. It is our hope that this research can serve as a reference source for the future studies of academic virtual communities, and the development of mechanisms for facilitating increased engagement in knowledge exchange activities in academic virtual communities.
文摘Minimum amounts of extracting solvent and scrubbing agent solution (denoted as Smin and Wmin respectively) mean the theoretical minimal requirements for chemicals to achieve a specified separation duty, and therefore attract more concerns in the process design of countercurrent extraction separation. Over the past decade, hyperlink extraction technology has been widely used in rare earth separation industry in China with the target to decrease chemical consumption as well as pollution discharges. However, the equations of Smin and Wmin derived in the earlier version of the theory of countercurrent extraction can only be correctly applied to two-component separation and become invalid for hyperlink processes. It is significant to develop new aspects of the theory for design of the hyperlink processes. The separation of (A1A2···At-1)/(A2A3···At) is the basic configuration in the hyperlink processes differently from in conventional processes, where A1, A2, ···, At represent different kinds of rare earth ions with the same number of valence. The separations of two and three components have been discussed and the equations of Smin and Wmin are derived in our previous works. Nevertheless, it is still significant, especially for rare earth separations, to investigate the separations with more components. The present article will therefore focus on developing new expressions for Smin and Wmin applied to the (A1A2···At﹣1)/(A2A3···At) separation. Also a five-component separation case is simulated according to the derived equations. This work is an essential part of the new theory to design the hyperlink extraction processes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62101095&62071095).
文摘Complex systems can be more accurately described by higher-order interactions among multiple units.Hypergraphs excel at depicting these interactions,surpassing the binary limitations of traditional graphs.However,retrieving valuable information from hypergraphs is often challenging due to their intricate interconnections.To address this issue,we introduce a new category of structural patterns,hypermotifs,which are defined as statistically significant local structures formed by interconnected hyperedges.We propose a systematic framework for hypermotif extraction.This framework features the encoding,census,and evaluation of higher-order patterns,effectively overcoming their inherent complexity and diversity.Our experimental results demonstrate that hypermotifs can serve as higher-order fingerprints of real-world hypergraphs,helping to identify hypergraph classes based on network functions.These motifs potentially represent preferential attachments and key modules in real-world hypergraphs,arising from specific mechanisms or constraints.Our work validates the efficacy of hypermotifs in exploring hypergraphs,offering a powerful tool for revealing the design principles and underlying dynamics of interacting systems.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China("863"Program)(Grant Nos.SQ2009AA01XK1485139,2007AA120502)Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission(Grant No.ZZ0618)
文摘In hyperlink analysis,most researchers focus on interpreting hyperlink counts,they seldom concern themselves enough about the significance of spatial distribution of hyperlinks.In this paper,we argue that not only can the inlink count to a tourist attraction’s official website reflect its attractiveness,but also the spatial distribution of its inlinks can reflect the distribution of its tourist source markets.Three mountains in Anhui Province,China,are chosen for the case study.Firstly,the correlation between the spatial distributions of an attraction’s tourist source markets and its official website’s inlinks is investigated.Secondly,the tourism indexes such as the spatial concentration index(SCI)and the attraction radius(AR),which are calculated by inlinks,are compared to the real indexes based on tourist sources.Last,the detailed discussion and analysis are presented and an improved model,which is used to calculate the distribution of inlinks,is proposed.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China(973)(No.2012CBA01200).
文摘Hyperlink extraction technology,by virtue of its remarkable advantage of decreasing the use of chemicals in multi-component separation,has been extensively employed in rare earth separation industry in China.In hyperlink processes,non-barren extracting solvent and scrubbing agent solution which contain the component(s)involved in starting feed are employed in order to save both alkali for saponification and acid for scrubbing.Minimum amount of extracting solvent(denoted as S_(min))and that of scrubbing agent solution(denoted as W_(min))are important parameters to determine the consumption amounts of alkali and acid for a given countercurrent extraction separation.This article therefore discusses the influence of using non-barren extracting solvent and scrubbing agent solution on S_(min) and W_(min) of an(A_(1)A_(2)…A_(t−1))/(A_(2)A_(3)…A_(t))separation.The equations for S_(min) and W_(min) are derived,and the variation of the composition of final raffinate as well as that of final extract are determined,which will provide a valuable guidance for the design of hyperlink extraction processes of multi-component separation,such as rare earths separation.
