Hymoins A–C(1–3),three unusual polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols(PPAPs)were isolated from the flowers of Hypericum monogynum.Hymoin A features the first intriguing 6/5/5/5/7 pentacyclic caged PPAP.Hymoin...Hymoins A–C(1–3),three unusual polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols(PPAPs)were isolated from the flowers of Hypericum monogynum.Hymoin A features the first intriguing 6/5/5/5/7 pentacyclic caged PPAP.Hymoin B is characterized by an unprecedented rearranged 5/6/8 tricyclic ring system,while hymoin C represents the first rearranged PPAP with a fantastic spirocyclic 5/6/7 ring system.Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis,X-ray crystallography,and computational methods.The plausible biosynthetic routes for the compounds were also proposed.In oleic acid(OA)-induced HepG2 cells,all compounds exhibited significant lipid-lowering activity at the concentrations of 2–8μmol/L.Further mechanistic study implied that compound 1 exhibited excellent lipid-lowering activity in OA-induced HepG2 cells through inhibiting the proteins of free fatty acids synthesis and improving lipidolysis.展开更多
Hyperforatone A(1),the 1,8-seco rearranged polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol,possessed an unusual bicyclo[5.4.0]undecane skeleton bearing a 5/7/6/5 ring system,and two known biosynthetically related precurs...Hyperforatone A(1),the 1,8-seco rearranged polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol,possessed an unusual bicyclo[5.4.0]undecane skeleton bearing a 5/7/6/5 ring system,and two known biosynthetically related precursors(2 and 3)were isolated from Hypericum perforatum(St.John's wort).The structure and absolute configuration were unambiguously confirmed by a combination of comprehensive spectroscopic data,computational methods including residual dipolar couplings(RDCs),and X-ray crystallography.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed that the cationic cyclization reaction was key to proposed formation mechanism for hyperforatone A.Furthermore,in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that compound 1 was a potential anti-neuroinfiammatory agent.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to characterize the chemical components of the extract of Solanum Nigrum Linn.(SNL),by LC-MS/MS,and to identify 33 compounds by positive and negative total ion flow maps.Network pharmacol...The purpose of this study was to characterize the chemical components of the extract of Solanum Nigrum Linn.(SNL),by LC-MS/MS,and to identify 33 compounds by positive and negative total ion flow maps.Network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were used to investigate the mechanism of action of SNL against ulcerative colitis(UC).A total of 282 component target genes and 1850 disease target genes were obtained,and 157 cross-targets and 16 core-targets were obtained after crossover.A total of 20 signaling pathways such as anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic were obtained by GO analysis and KEGG analysis,respectively.It is possible that the anti UC eff ect can be achieved by regulating proteins such as AKT1,EGFR,NFKB1,JUN,and HSP90AA1.Molecular docking results show that the anti UC active ingredients are well docked with the target protein molecules This study provides a scientific basis for the development and utilization of SNL.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To determine direct targeting of localized adiposity through Morus alba Linne bark injection based on pharmacology network analysis.METHODS:Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet(HFD)to induce obesity.A...OBJECTIVE:To determine direct targeting of localized adiposity through Morus alba Linne bark injection based on pharmacology network analysis.METHODS:Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet(HFD)to induce obesity.After 6 weeks on HFD,the water extract of Morus alba L.bark(MAB,2 mg/mL)was locally injected into one inguinal fat pad,while saline was injected into the other side,3 times/week for 6 weeks(n=6/group).The water extract of MAB was freeze-dried and then diluted in saline before use.RESULTS:HFD-fed mice treated with local MAB topical injection showed reduced adipocyte weight and size in inguinal fat pads by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.No toxicity changes seen in liver,spleen,kidney tissue,or alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase levels in serum by MAB injection.Protein levels of phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 and glucose transporter type 4,and mRNA expression of adiponectin,were increased in inguinal adipose tissue injected with MAB locally.Locally MAB injection led to a decrease in glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase,linked to gluconeogenesis,while forkhead box protein O1,which regulates these factors,was increased.Moreover,there was an increase in adenosine 5‘-monophosphate-activated protein kinase,related to lipogenesis,as well as elevated levels of hormone-sensitive lipase and fatty acid synthase,both associated with lipolysis.These results support the'insulin signaling pathway'and'regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes'identified in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway through network analysis.CONCLUSION:This study suggests that MAB topical injection exhibits localized fat reduction by inhibiting insulin resistance,gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis mediator,while activating lipolysis enzymes within targeted adipose site.展开更多
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury(IRI)remains a critical complication contributing to graft dysfunction following liver surgery.As part of an ongoing search for hepatoprotective natural products,five previously unre...Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury(IRI)remains a critical complication contributing to graft dysfunction following liver surgery.As part of an ongoing search for hepatoprotective natural products,five previously unreported homoadamantane-type polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols(PPAPs),named hyperhomanoons A-E(1-5),and one known analog,hypersampsone O(6),were isolated from Hypericum patulum.Among these,compound 6 demonstrated potent protective effects against CoCl_(2)-induced hypoxic injury in hepatocytes.Furthermore,in a murine model of hepatic IRI induced by vascular occlusion,pretreatment with 6 markedly alleviated liver damage and reduced hepatocyte apoptosis.This study is the first to identify PPAPs as promising scaffolds for the development of therapeutic agents targeting hepatic IRI,underscoring their potential as lead compounds in drug discovery efforts for ischemic liver diseases.展开更多
[Objective] The experiment aimed to research the photosynthetic characteristics of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.and the relations between Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. and ecological factors.[Method] The portable photos...[Objective] The experiment aimed to research the photosynthetic characteristics of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.and the relations between Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. and ecological factors.[Method] The portable photosynthesis system(Li-6400) was used to determine photosynthetic characteristics of 6-year-old Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.[Result] Both the leaf net photosynthetic rate change and diurnal variation of transpiration rate were single peak type.The relations among the leaf net photosynthetic rate of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.and photosynthetically active radiation,CO2 concentration and other relevant ecological factors(including transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, difference of vapour pressure and leaf temperature) were two quadratic linear relations.[Conclusion] Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. preferred strong light irradiation and high temperature environment and the experiment has provided foundations for ecological and commercial cultivations.展开更多
With the development of the multicellular nodules in the leaves of Hypericum per plastids increased both in number and volume, and some plastids degenerated and were surrounded by dark tubular elements and vesicles. S...With the development of the multicellular nodules in the leaves of Hypericum per plastids increased both in number and volume, and some plastids degenerated and were surrounded by dark tubular elements and vesicles. Some vesicles fused with vacuoles and secreted substances into vacuoles. There are many multivesicles, multimembrane structures and osmiophilic droplets in vacuoles of nodule cells. Meanwhile, dictyosome secreted vesicles into the vacuoles. However, there is a large central vacuole completely filled with secretory materials (hypericin) in matured multicellular nodules. This suggests that the osmiophilic droplets may be a precursor of hypericin originated from the degenerated plastids. There were abundant endoplasmic reticulums and dictyosomes between the plastids and osmiophilic droplets, suggesting that they may be involved in the synthesis and/or transport of the precursor of hypericin.展开更多
In addition to six known flavonoids quercitrin, hyperoside, avicularin, rutin, quercetin and kaemferol, a new flavonol glycoside named 6″_O_acetyl quercetin 3_O_β_ D _alloside (1) was isolated from the aerial par...In addition to six known flavonoids quercitrin, hyperoside, avicularin, rutin, quercetin and kaemferol, a new flavonol glycoside named 6″_O_acetyl quercetin 3_O_β_ D _alloside (1) was isolated from the aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum L. The structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, FAB_MS, 1H_NMR and 13 C NMR). Antifungal assay of all compounds showed that metabolite 1, quercitrin and quercetin were inhibitory to the growth of phytopathogenic fungus Helminthosporium sativum Pamel King et Bakke with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 25, 50 and 50 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, glycoside 1 and quercitrin were also shown to be able to inhibit the growth of Fusarium graminearum Schw. with MIC of 100 μg/mL. The MICs of ketoconazole used as control against the test fungi were 0.5 μg/mL in our assay.展开更多
[ Objective] The aim of this study was to establish the optimum cpSSR-PCR system for Jatropha curcas Linn. [ Method] cpSSR-PCR amplification system for Jatropha curcas Linn influenced by five factors including Taq DNA...[ Objective] The aim of this study was to establish the optimum cpSSR-PCR system for Jatropha curcas Linn. [ Method] cpSSR-PCR amplification system for Jatropha curcas Linn influenced by five factors including Taq DNA polymerase, Mg^2＋ , DNA template, dNTP and primer were optimized from several levels. [ Result] The optimum concentration of 20 μl reaction system was 10 × Buffer, 2.00 mmol/L Mg^2＋ , 2 U/μl Taq DNA polymerase, 0.2 mmol/L dNTP, 0.2 μmol/L primer and 35 ng/μl DNA template. [ Conclusion] The optimum annealing temperature for cpSSR-PCR reaction system is 52 ℃, and the cpSSR reaction system is steady and reproducible.展开更多
Greenhouse cultivation in northern China has the characteristic of single mode, and the intercropping mode is not common. Greenhouse intercropping of green asparagus （Asparagus officinalis Linn） and coriander （Cori...Greenhouse cultivation in northern China has the characteristic of single mode, and the intercropping mode is not common. Greenhouse intercropping of green asparagus （Asparagus officinalis Linn） and coriander （Coriandrum sativurn L.） not only could increase vegetable kinds, but also could improve cropping index, and the asparagus growers＇ income could also be improved. This paper introduced the intercropping technique of green asparagus and coriander, so as to provide technical support for large-area extension of greenhouse green asparagus cultivation and break the situation of single mode for .qreenhouse cultivation.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32270413,82060631,82160808,and 82360035)the Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province(Nos.QKHJC 2020–1Z076,QKHJC-ZK[2023]YB156,QKHJC-ZK[2021]YB569,and QKHPTRC[2020]5008)+4 种基金Excellent Young Talents Plan of Guizhou Medical University(2023,No.106)the 13thbatch of outstanding young scientific and technological talents in Guizhou Province(No.QKHPTRC[2021]5633)Guizhou Science and Technology Innovation Talent Team(No.QKHPTRC–CXTD[2022]007)High-level Innovative Talents in Guizhou Province(Thousand Levels of Talent for Chunmao Yuan in 2018)the project of State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants,Guizhou Medical University(Nos.FAMP202102K and QJJ[2023]113)。
文摘Hymoins A–C(1–3),three unusual polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols(PPAPs)were isolated from the flowers of Hypericum monogynum.Hymoin A features the first intriguing 6/5/5/5/7 pentacyclic caged PPAP.Hymoin B is characterized by an unprecedented rearranged 5/6/8 tricyclic ring system,while hymoin C represents the first rearranged PPAP with a fantastic spirocyclic 5/6/7 ring system.Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis,X-ray crystallography,and computational methods.The plausible biosynthetic routes for the compounds were also proposed.In oleic acid(OA)-induced HepG2 cells,all compounds exhibited significant lipid-lowering activity at the concentrations of 2–8μmol/L.Further mechanistic study implied that compound 1 exhibited excellent lipid-lowering activity in OA-induced HepG2 cells through inhibiting the proteins of free fatty acids synthesis and improving lipidolysis.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22077102,32201249)the Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province(No.22YF7GA046)。
文摘Hyperforatone A(1),the 1,8-seco rearranged polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol,possessed an unusual bicyclo[5.4.0]undecane skeleton bearing a 5/7/6/5 ring system,and two known biosynthetically related precursors(2 and 3)were isolated from Hypericum perforatum(St.John's wort).The structure and absolute configuration were unambiguously confirmed by a combination of comprehensive spectroscopic data,computational methods including residual dipolar couplings(RDCs),and X-ray crystallography.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed that the cationic cyclization reaction was key to proposed formation mechanism for hyperforatone A.Furthermore,in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that compound 1 was a potential anti-neuroinfiammatory agent.
文摘The purpose of this study was to characterize the chemical components of the extract of Solanum Nigrum Linn.(SNL),by LC-MS/MS,and to identify 33 compounds by positive and negative total ion flow maps.Network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were used to investigate the mechanism of action of SNL against ulcerative colitis(UC).A total of 282 component target genes and 1850 disease target genes were obtained,and 157 cross-targets and 16 core-targets were obtained after crossover.A total of 20 signaling pathways such as anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic were obtained by GO analysis and KEGG analysis,respectively.It is possible that the anti UC eff ect can be achieved by regulating proteins such as AKT1,EGFR,NFKB1,JUN,and HSP90AA1.Molecular docking results show that the anti UC active ingredients are well docked with the target protein molecules This study provides a scientific basis for the development and utilization of SNL.
基金Supported by Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the National Research Foundation of Korea,funded by the Korean Government(Project Number:NRF-2019R1I1A2A01063598)Undergraduate Research Program of the College of Korean Medicine,Kyung Hee University,Republic of Korea,in 2023(Project Number:2023)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To determine direct targeting of localized adiposity through Morus alba Linne bark injection based on pharmacology network analysis.METHODS:Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet(HFD)to induce obesity.After 6 weeks on HFD,the water extract of Morus alba L.bark(MAB,2 mg/mL)was locally injected into one inguinal fat pad,while saline was injected into the other side,3 times/week for 6 weeks(n=6/group).The water extract of MAB was freeze-dried and then diluted in saline before use.RESULTS:HFD-fed mice treated with local MAB topical injection showed reduced adipocyte weight and size in inguinal fat pads by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.No toxicity changes seen in liver,spleen,kidney tissue,or alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase levels in serum by MAB injection.Protein levels of phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 and glucose transporter type 4,and mRNA expression of adiponectin,were increased in inguinal adipose tissue injected with MAB locally.Locally MAB injection led to a decrease in glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase,linked to gluconeogenesis,while forkhead box protein O1,which regulates these factors,was increased.Moreover,there was an increase in adenosine 5‘-monophosphate-activated protein kinase,related to lipogenesis,as well as elevated levels of hormone-sensitive lipase and fatty acid synthase,both associated with lipolysis.These results support the'insulin signaling pathway'and'regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes'identified in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway through network analysis.CONCLUSION:This study suggests that MAB topical injection exhibits localized fat reduction by inhibiting insulin resistance,gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis mediator,while activating lipolysis enzymes within targeted adipose site.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.81725021)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82003633 and 82173705)。
文摘Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury(IRI)remains a critical complication contributing to graft dysfunction following liver surgery.As part of an ongoing search for hepatoprotective natural products,five previously unreported homoadamantane-type polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols(PPAPs),named hyperhomanoons A-E(1-5),and one known analog,hypersampsone O(6),were isolated from Hypericum patulum.Among these,compound 6 demonstrated potent protective effects against CoCl_(2)-induced hypoxic injury in hepatocytes.Furthermore,in a murine model of hepatic IRI induced by vascular occlusion,pretreatment with 6 markedly alleviated liver damage and reduced hepatocyte apoptosis.This study is the first to identify PPAPs as promising scaffolds for the development of therapeutic agents targeting hepatic IRI,underscoring their potential as lead compounds in drug discovery efforts for ischemic liver diseases.
文摘[Objective] The experiment aimed to research the photosynthetic characteristics of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.and the relations between Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. and ecological factors.[Method] The portable photosynthesis system(Li-6400) was used to determine photosynthetic characteristics of 6-year-old Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.[Result] Both the leaf net photosynthetic rate change and diurnal variation of transpiration rate were single peak type.The relations among the leaf net photosynthetic rate of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.and photosynthetically active radiation,CO2 concentration and other relevant ecological factors(including transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, difference of vapour pressure and leaf temperature) were two quadratic linear relations.[Conclusion] Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. preferred strong light irradiation and high temperature environment and the experiment has provided foundations for ecological and commercial cultivations.
文摘With the development of the multicellular nodules in the leaves of Hypericum per plastids increased both in number and volume, and some plastids degenerated and were surrounded by dark tubular elements and vesicles. Some vesicles fused with vacuoles and secreted substances into vacuoles. There are many multivesicles, multimembrane structures and osmiophilic droplets in vacuoles of nodule cells. Meanwhile, dictyosome secreted vesicles into the vacuoles. However, there is a large central vacuole completely filled with secretory materials (hypericin) in matured multicellular nodules. This suggests that the osmiophilic droplets may be a precursor of hypericin originated from the degenerated plastids. There were abundant endoplasmic reticulums and dictyosomes between the plastids and osmiophilic droplets, suggesting that they may be involved in the synthesis and/or transport of the precursor of hypericin.
文摘In addition to six known flavonoids quercitrin, hyperoside, avicularin, rutin, quercetin and kaemferol, a new flavonol glycoside named 6″_O_acetyl quercetin 3_O_β_ D _alloside (1) was isolated from the aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum L. The structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, FAB_MS, 1H_NMR and 13 C NMR). Antifungal assay of all compounds showed that metabolite 1, quercitrin and quercetin were inhibitory to the growth of phytopathogenic fungus Helminthosporium sativum Pamel King et Bakke with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 25, 50 and 50 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, glycoside 1 and quercitrin were also shown to be able to inhibit the growth of Fusarium graminearum Schw. with MIC of 100 μg/mL. The MICs of ketoconazole used as control against the test fungi were 0.5 μg/mL in our assay.
基金Supported by National Scientific and Technical Supporting Project ofStudies on Superior Species Selecting and Breeding Technique ofJatropha curcasLinn(2007BAD50B01)~~
文摘[ Objective] The aim of this study was to establish the optimum cpSSR-PCR system for Jatropha curcas Linn. [ Method] cpSSR-PCR amplification system for Jatropha curcas Linn influenced by five factors including Taq DNA polymerase, Mg^2＋ , DNA template, dNTP and primer were optimized from several levels. [ Result] The optimum concentration of 20 μl reaction system was 10 × Buffer, 2.00 mmol/L Mg^2＋ , 2 U/μl Taq DNA polymerase, 0.2 mmol/L dNTP, 0.2 μmol/L primer and 35 ng/μl DNA template. [ Conclusion] The optimum annealing temperature for cpSSR-PCR reaction system is 52 ℃, and the cpSSR reaction system is steady and reproducible.
文摘Greenhouse cultivation in northern China has the characteristic of single mode, and the intercropping mode is not common. Greenhouse intercropping of green asparagus （Asparagus officinalis Linn） and coriander （Coriandrum sativurn L.） not only could increase vegetable kinds, but also could improve cropping index, and the asparagus growers＇ income could also be improved. This paper introduced the intercropping technique of green asparagus and coriander, so as to provide technical support for large-area extension of greenhouse green asparagus cultivation and break the situation of single mode for .qreenhouse cultivation.
