含分布式电源(distributed generation,DG)的双极直流配电系统是未来配电网发展的重要形态之一,但由于DG接入方式、数量、容量、位置以及系统正负极负荷不平衡对系统静暂态电压稳定性影响不同,目前相关研究尚缺乏对此问题的分析。该文...含分布式电源(distributed generation,DG)的双极直流配电系统是未来配电网发展的重要形态之一,但由于DG接入方式、数量、容量、位置以及系统正负极负荷不平衡对系统静暂态电压稳定性影响不同,目前相关研究尚缺乏对此问题的分析。该文首先将DG等效为受控电流源,推导分析了DG接入方式、容量及负荷不平衡度对系统静态下电压不平衡度的影响;其次,基于单极故障下光伏型DG与交流电网暂态放电情况,推导分析了DG接入方式、位置、容量与系统暂态电压稳定性的关系;再者,基于多目标蜣螂优化算法提出以系统静暂态电压稳定性与DG接入成本为目标的DG接入方案规划方法,采用熵权逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS)法筛选出DG接入的最佳折中方案。最后在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台搭建改进IEEE14、IEEE33双极直流配电系统验证该文所提优化方法的普适性和有效性。展开更多
Dilated dysfunction involving multiple visceral organs has been reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）. Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction （CIPO） resulting from intestinal smooth muscle dam...Dilated dysfunction involving multiple visceral organs has been reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）. Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction （CIPO） resulting from intestinal smooth muscle damage has presented in conjunction with ureterohydronephrosis and, more rarely, biliary dilatation （megacholedochus）. While the molecular pathogenesis is largely unknown, observed histopathologic features include widespread myositis, myocyte necrosis in the intestinal muscularis propria with subsequent atrophy and fibrosis, preserved myenteric innervations and little vasculitis. High dose immunosuppression usually results in resolution of symptoms with recovery of smooth muscle function, indicative of an autoimmune etiology. We report a patient with SLE who presented with intestinal pseudo-obstruction, ureterohydronephrosis and megacholedochus, and present images that illustrate megaviscera simultaneously involving all 3 visceral organs. Since the co-manifestation of all 3 is unusual and has been reported only once previously, we have termed this rare clinical syndrome generalized megaviscera of lupus （GML）. Although the SLE disease-activity parameters responded to aggressive immunomodulative therapy in our patient, clinical evidence of peristaltic dysfunction persisted in all involved viscera. This is a variation from the favorable outcomes reported previously in SLE patients with GML and we attribute this poor clinical outcome to disease severity and, most importantly, delayed clinical presentation. Since inflammation followed by atrophy and fibrosis are key aspects in the pathogenesis and natural history of GML, the poor response in our patient who presented late in the clinical course may be the result of ＇burnt out＇ inflammation with irreversible end-stage fibrosis. Thus, early recognition and timely initiation of treatment may be the key to recover visceral peristaltic function in patients with GML.展开更多
Obstructive nephropathy ultimately leads to end-stage renal failure. Renovascular lesions are involved in various nephropathies, and most renal diseases have an ischemic component that underlies the resulting renal fi...Obstructive nephropathy ultimately leads to end-stage renal failure. Renovascular lesions are involved in various nephropathies, and most renal diseases have an ischemic component that underlies the resulting renal fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether morphological changes occur in the renal vasculature in hydronephrosis and the possible mechanisms involved. A model of complete unilateral ureteral obstruction（CUUO） was used. Experimental animals were divided into five groups： a normal control group（N） and groups of animals at 1st week（O1）, 2nd week（O2）, 4th week（O4） and 8th week（O8） after CUUO. Blood pressure was measured, renal arterial trees and glomeruli were assessed quantitatively, and renovascular three-dimensional reconstruction was performed on all groups. Glomerular ultrastructural changes were examined by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in the obstructed groups（O1, O2, O4 and O8）. Three-dimensional reconstruction showed sparse arterial trees in the O8 group, and a tortuous and sometimes ruptured glomerular basement membrane was found in the O4 and O8 groups. Furthermore, epithelial media thickness and media/lumen ratio were increased, lumen diameters were decreased, and the cross-sectional area of the media was unaltered in the segmental renal artery, interlobar artery and afferent arterioles, respectively. In conclusion, renal arterial trees and glomeruli were dramatically altered following CUUO and the changes may be partially ascribed to vascular remodeling. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of renovascular morphological alterations will enable the development of potential therapeutic approaches for hydronephrosis.展开更多
Hydronephrosis and ureteral obstruction are rare sequelae of Crohn’s disease. Chronic obstruction can ultimately lead to dysfunction of the affected kidney, and atypical presenting symptoms create pitfalls in diagnos...Hydronephrosis and ureteral obstruction are rare sequelae of Crohn’s disease. Chronic obstruction can ultimately lead to dysfunction of the affected kidney, and atypical presenting symptoms create pitfalls in diagnosis. Few reviews in the literature focus on this process and are limited to isolated case reports and case reviews. We performed a PubMed search using such terms as “Hydronephrosis” AND “Crohn’s disease” AND/OR “ureteral obstruction.” References from selected papers were reviewed for relevance and used for information-gathering as well. Ureteral obstruction most commonly occurs on the right side, due to ileal involvement. Clinical diagnosis is difficult, as symptoms are notably not genitourinary in origin;rather they are more musculoskeletal in nature. Treatment centers on disease control and temporary drainage of the affected kidney. Though rare, hydronephrosis and ureteral obstruction may develop as a result of inflammatory bowel disease. Due to atypical presenting symptoms, a high clinical suspicion is needed to affirm the diagnosis and ensure proper treatment.展开更多
With the increasing use of ultrasonography,congenital anomalies are often picked in utero.Antenatally detected hydronephrosis is amongst the most commonly detected abnormality.The management of this condition has rais...With the increasing use of ultrasonography,congenital anomalies are often picked in utero.Antenatally detected hydronephrosis is amongst the most commonly detected abnormality.The management of this condition has raised considerable debate amongst clinicians dealing with it.This article is written with an idea to provide comprehensive information regarding the postnatal management of antenatally detected hydronephrosis.A detailed review of the current literature on this topic is provided.Also,guidelines have been given to facilitate the management of this condition.展开更多
Giant Hydronephrosis (GH) is a rare condition in urology literature and defined as a pelvicalyceal system of kidney containing more of 1000 ml of urine. This condition is not so rare in our setting. We herein, reporte...Giant Hydronephrosis (GH) is a rare condition in urology literature and defined as a pelvicalyceal system of kidney containing more of 1000 ml of urine. This condition is not so rare in our setting. We herein, reported two cases of giant hydronephrosis, seen in two young patients respectively with 5 and 9 years old and their collecting system containing 4000 ml and 5000 ml of urines respectively. Only simple nephrectomy was performed for the two cases with renal function impairment and the post operative course was uneventful. Our purpose through these cases reports is to discuss diagnosis features and management of such condition in our setting, a context of low income countries as Burkina-Faso where diagnosis tool and further investigation are not always available.展开更多
Psoas muscle is a rare location for hydatid disease. Here we present a case of infected hydatid cyst left psoas muscle presenting as left flank pain, fever, local flank tenderness, and raised blood counts. Preoperativ...Psoas muscle is a rare location for hydatid disease. Here we present a case of infected hydatid cyst left psoas muscle presenting as left flank pain, fever, local flank tenderness, and raised blood counts. Preoperative diagnoses was made by Ultrasonography (USG) and Computed Tomography (CT) abdomen, although serology for hydatid disease was negative.展开更多
A case of a 25 year old 2 alive Patient, with obstructed labour with fetal death and delivery of the fetus up to the trunk caused by congenital Bilateral Hydronephrosis is presented. Obstetric examination on admission...A case of a 25 year old 2 alive Patient, with obstructed labour with fetal death and delivery of the fetus up to the trunk caused by congenital Bilateral Hydronephrosis is presented. Obstetric examination on admission supported by Abdominal Ultrasound revealed Bilateral Hydronephrosis which was then drained per abdomen using needle and intravenous fluid giving set with eventual relief of the obstruction and vaginal delivery of the stillborn baby.展开更多
BACKGROUND Paraduodenal hernia(PDH)is a mesenteric-parietal hernia with retroperitoneal and retrocolic herniation of the small bowel into a sac,which is formed by a peritoneal fold located near the fourth portion of t...BACKGROUND Paraduodenal hernia(PDH)is a mesenteric-parietal hernia with retroperitoneal and retrocolic herniation of the small bowel into a sac,which is formed by a peritoneal fold located near the fourth portion of the duodenum.The present case revealed that PDH was a possible reason for hydronephrosis,and that the carful laparoscopic exploration surgery was necessary to find infrequent causes of hydronephrosis to avoid invalid Anderson–Hynes pyeloplasty surgery and its injury.CASE SUMMARY An 8-year-old boy presented to the pediatric department with a chief complaint of cryptorchidism.Afterwards,laparoscopy confirmed hydronephrosis secondary to left PDH with cryptorchid.Then,he received laparoscopic surgery,fixed operation for left PDH,release of the ureteropelvic junction obstruction,and treatment for hydronephrosis.It is necessary to perform secondary surgery for cryptorchidism and long-term follow-up.CONCLUSION The case revealed an extremely rare cause of hydronephrosis in children,suggesting a potential correlation between PDH and hydronephrosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Varicocele embolization,a minimally invasive treatment for symptomatic varicoceles,carries a rare risk of complications like ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis.This case report documents such a case to...BACKGROUND Varicocele embolization,a minimally invasive treatment for symptomatic varicoceles,carries a rare risk of complications like ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis.This case report documents such a case to raise awareness of these potential complications and showcase minimally invasive surgical management as a successful solution.CASE SUMMARY A 35-year-old male presented with flank pain and hematuria following varicocele embolization.Imaging confirmed left ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis.Laparoscopic ureterolysis successfully removed the embolization coil and repaired the ureter,resolving the patient's symptoms.Follow-up at six months and two years showed sustained improvement.CONCLUSION Minimally invasive surgery offers an effective treatment option for rare complications like ureteral obstruction arising from varicocele embolization.展开更多
The authors report 4 different cases of giant hydronephrosis in the urology department of the national university healthcare, CNHU HKM of Cotonou. The frequency of the items, the etiologies and the different treatment...The authors report 4 different cases of giant hydronephrosis in the urology department of the national university healthcare, CNHU HKM of Cotonou. The frequency of the items, the etiologies and the different treatments carried out were elucidated. The patients were all females. The hydronephrosis affected the left kidney. The most frequent etiology was pyelouretral junction syndrome seconded by obstructive nephrolithiasis in the upper urinary tract. One of the last etiologies was lower pole vascular plexus. Three nephrectomies and one K?SS-HEYNES-ANDERSON pyeloplasty were carried out. Conclusion: Giant hydronephrosis is a rare condition. The etiologies were organic-based and malformed. The therapeutic attitude adopted shows the interest of an antenatal diagnosis for early care.展开更多
Objective: to study and explore the clinical effect of nursing intervention in the prevention of postoperative complications in children with hydronephrosis, and to analyze its application value. Methods: 30 cases of ...Objective: to study and explore the clinical effect of nursing intervention in the prevention of postoperative complications in children with hydronephrosis, and to analyze its application value. Methods: 30 cases of pediatric hydronephrosis patients admitted to our hospital last year were selected to carry out this study, which were divided into two groups, respectively, with different nursing intervention mode for nursing, after the end of nursing, its application effect and application value were analyzed. Results: in this study, the incidence of complications was significantly lower and the prevention effect was better after the end of nursing. In the comparison of this data, there was a statistically significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion: according to the results of the study, it can be concluded that nursing intervention can promote the incidence of postoperative complications in children. This is a relatively effective way of nursing intervention, which can quickly promote the recovery of patients, and has won unanimous praise from the children and their families, and is worthy of promotion in clinical practice.展开更多
文摘含分布式电源(distributed generation,DG)的双极直流配电系统是未来配电网发展的重要形态之一,但由于DG接入方式、数量、容量、位置以及系统正负极负荷不平衡对系统静暂态电压稳定性影响不同,目前相关研究尚缺乏对此问题的分析。该文首先将DG等效为受控电流源,推导分析了DG接入方式、容量及负荷不平衡度对系统静态下电压不平衡度的影响;其次,基于单极故障下光伏型DG与交流电网暂态放电情况,推导分析了DG接入方式、位置、容量与系统暂态电压稳定性的关系;再者,基于多目标蜣螂优化算法提出以系统静暂态电压稳定性与DG接入成本为目标的DG接入方案规划方法,采用熵权逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS)法筛选出DG接入的最佳折中方案。最后在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台搭建改进IEEE14、IEEE33双极直流配电系统验证该文所提优化方法的普适性和有效性。
基金Supported by NIH/T32 DK07202 (Ghosh P and Park FD)Ghosh P was additionally supported by the Research Scholar Award (American Gastroenterology Association FDN)the UCSD Digestive Diseases Research Development Center, U.S. PHS grant DK080506
文摘Dilated dysfunction involving multiple visceral organs has been reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）. Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction （CIPO） resulting from intestinal smooth muscle damage has presented in conjunction with ureterohydronephrosis and, more rarely, biliary dilatation （megacholedochus）. While the molecular pathogenesis is largely unknown, observed histopathologic features include widespread myositis, myocyte necrosis in the intestinal muscularis propria with subsequent atrophy and fibrosis, preserved myenteric innervations and little vasculitis. High dose immunosuppression usually results in resolution of symptoms with recovery of smooth muscle function, indicative of an autoimmune etiology. We report a patient with SLE who presented with intestinal pseudo-obstruction, ureterohydronephrosis and megacholedochus, and present images that illustrate megaviscera simultaneously involving all 3 visceral organs. Since the co-manifestation of all 3 is unusual and has been reported only once previously, we have termed this rare clinical syndrome generalized megaviscera of lupus （GML）. Although the SLE disease-activity parameters responded to aggressive immunomodulative therapy in our patient, clinical evidence of peristaltic dysfunction persisted in all involved viscera. This is a variation from the favorable outcomes reported previously in SLE patients with GML and we attribute this poor clinical outcome to disease severity and, most importantly, delayed clinical presentation. Since inflammation followed by atrophy and fibrosis are key aspects in the pathogenesis and natural history of GML, the poor response in our patient who presented late in the clinical course may be the result of ＇burnt out＇ inflammation with irreversible end-stage fibrosis. Thus, early recognition and timely initiation of treatment may be the key to recover visceral peristaltic function in patients with GML.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China(No.2008CDA054)
文摘Obstructive nephropathy ultimately leads to end-stage renal failure. Renovascular lesions are involved in various nephropathies, and most renal diseases have an ischemic component that underlies the resulting renal fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether morphological changes occur in the renal vasculature in hydronephrosis and the possible mechanisms involved. A model of complete unilateral ureteral obstruction（CUUO） was used. Experimental animals were divided into five groups： a normal control group（N） and groups of animals at 1st week（O1）, 2nd week（O2）, 4th week（O4） and 8th week（O8） after CUUO. Blood pressure was measured, renal arterial trees and glomeruli were assessed quantitatively, and renovascular three-dimensional reconstruction was performed on all groups. Glomerular ultrastructural changes were examined by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in the obstructed groups（O1, O2, O4 and O8）. Three-dimensional reconstruction showed sparse arterial trees in the O8 group, and a tortuous and sometimes ruptured glomerular basement membrane was found in the O4 and O8 groups. Furthermore, epithelial media thickness and media/lumen ratio were increased, lumen diameters were decreased, and the cross-sectional area of the media was unaltered in the segmental renal artery, interlobar artery and afferent arterioles, respectively. In conclusion, renal arterial trees and glomeruli were dramatically altered following CUUO and the changes may be partially ascribed to vascular remodeling. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of renovascular morphological alterations will enable the development of potential therapeutic approaches for hydronephrosis.
文摘Hydronephrosis and ureteral obstruction are rare sequelae of Crohn’s disease. Chronic obstruction can ultimately lead to dysfunction of the affected kidney, and atypical presenting symptoms create pitfalls in diagnosis. Few reviews in the literature focus on this process and are limited to isolated case reports and case reviews. We performed a PubMed search using such terms as “Hydronephrosis” AND “Crohn’s disease” AND/OR “ureteral obstruction.” References from selected papers were reviewed for relevance and used for information-gathering as well. Ureteral obstruction most commonly occurs on the right side, due to ileal involvement. Clinical diagnosis is difficult, as symptoms are notably not genitourinary in origin;rather they are more musculoskeletal in nature. Treatment centers on disease control and temporary drainage of the affected kidney. Though rare, hydronephrosis and ureteral obstruction may develop as a result of inflammatory bowel disease. Due to atypical presenting symptoms, a high clinical suspicion is needed to affirm the diagnosis and ensure proper treatment.
文摘With the increasing use of ultrasonography,congenital anomalies are often picked in utero.Antenatally detected hydronephrosis is amongst the most commonly detected abnormality.The management of this condition has raised considerable debate amongst clinicians dealing with it.This article is written with an idea to provide comprehensive information regarding the postnatal management of antenatally detected hydronephrosis.A detailed review of the current literature on this topic is provided.Also,guidelines have been given to facilitate the management of this condition.
文摘Giant Hydronephrosis (GH) is a rare condition in urology literature and defined as a pelvicalyceal system of kidney containing more of 1000 ml of urine. This condition is not so rare in our setting. We herein, reported two cases of giant hydronephrosis, seen in two young patients respectively with 5 and 9 years old and their collecting system containing 4000 ml and 5000 ml of urines respectively. Only simple nephrectomy was performed for the two cases with renal function impairment and the post operative course was uneventful. Our purpose through these cases reports is to discuss diagnosis features and management of such condition in our setting, a context of low income countries as Burkina-Faso where diagnosis tool and further investigation are not always available.
文摘Psoas muscle is a rare location for hydatid disease. Here we present a case of infected hydatid cyst left psoas muscle presenting as left flank pain, fever, local flank tenderness, and raised blood counts. Preoperative diagnoses was made by Ultrasonography (USG) and Computed Tomography (CT) abdomen, although serology for hydatid disease was negative.
文摘A case of a 25 year old 2 alive Patient, with obstructed labour with fetal death and delivery of the fetus up to the trunk caused by congenital Bilateral Hydronephrosis is presented. Obstetric examination on admission supported by Abdominal Ultrasound revealed Bilateral Hydronephrosis which was then drained per abdomen using needle and intravenous fluid giving set with eventual relief of the obstruction and vaginal delivery of the stillborn baby.
文摘BACKGROUND Paraduodenal hernia(PDH)is a mesenteric-parietal hernia with retroperitoneal and retrocolic herniation of the small bowel into a sac,which is formed by a peritoneal fold located near the fourth portion of the duodenum.The present case revealed that PDH was a possible reason for hydronephrosis,and that the carful laparoscopic exploration surgery was necessary to find infrequent causes of hydronephrosis to avoid invalid Anderson–Hynes pyeloplasty surgery and its injury.CASE SUMMARY An 8-year-old boy presented to the pediatric department with a chief complaint of cryptorchidism.Afterwards,laparoscopy confirmed hydronephrosis secondary to left PDH with cryptorchid.Then,he received laparoscopic surgery,fixed operation for left PDH,release of the ureteropelvic junction obstruction,and treatment for hydronephrosis.It is necessary to perform secondary surgery for cryptorchidism and long-term follow-up.CONCLUSION The case revealed an extremely rare cause of hydronephrosis in children,suggesting a potential correlation between PDH and hydronephrosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Varicocele embolization,a minimally invasive treatment for symptomatic varicoceles,carries a rare risk of complications like ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis.This case report documents such a case to raise awareness of these potential complications and showcase minimally invasive surgical management as a successful solution.CASE SUMMARY A 35-year-old male presented with flank pain and hematuria following varicocele embolization.Imaging confirmed left ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis.Laparoscopic ureterolysis successfully removed the embolization coil and repaired the ureter,resolving the patient's symptoms.Follow-up at six months and two years showed sustained improvement.CONCLUSION Minimally invasive surgery offers an effective treatment option for rare complications like ureteral obstruction arising from varicocele embolization.
文摘The authors report 4 different cases of giant hydronephrosis in the urology department of the national university healthcare, CNHU HKM of Cotonou. The frequency of the items, the etiologies and the different treatments carried out were elucidated. The patients were all females. The hydronephrosis affected the left kidney. The most frequent etiology was pyelouretral junction syndrome seconded by obstructive nephrolithiasis in the upper urinary tract. One of the last etiologies was lower pole vascular plexus. Three nephrectomies and one K?SS-HEYNES-ANDERSON pyeloplasty were carried out. Conclusion: Giant hydronephrosis is a rare condition. The etiologies were organic-based and malformed. The therapeutic attitude adopted shows the interest of an antenatal diagnosis for early care.
文摘Objective: to study and explore the clinical effect of nursing intervention in the prevention of postoperative complications in children with hydronephrosis, and to analyze its application value. Methods: 30 cases of pediatric hydronephrosis patients admitted to our hospital last year were selected to carry out this study, which were divided into two groups, respectively, with different nursing intervention mode for nursing, after the end of nursing, its application effect and application value were analyzed. Results: in this study, the incidence of complications was significantly lower and the prevention effect was better after the end of nursing. In the comparison of this data, there was a statistically significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion: according to the results of the study, it can be concluded that nursing intervention can promote the incidence of postoperative complications in children. This is a relatively effective way of nursing intervention, which can quickly promote the recovery of patients, and has won unanimous praise from the children and their families, and is worthy of promotion in clinical practice.
