Being too critical, outspoken or engaging in behavior deemed immoral can get you into big trouble in China. And it’s not the authori-ties we’re talking about here. The power of the people has found a new outlet to vent
Non-selective hunting of waterbirds poses a significant challenge in biodiversity-rich areas such as Important Bird Areas (IBAs), where protected and game species congregate. Here, we present evidence from three conse...Non-selective hunting of waterbirds poses a significant challenge in biodiversity-rich areas such as Important Bird Areas (IBAs), where protected and game species congregate. Here, we present evidence from three consecutive hunting seasons spanning autumn 2021 to spring 2024 at a Natura 2000 site in western Poland, based on analyses of hunting bag photographs, local hunting records, and standardized bird monitoring data. We recorded 1331 hunted individuals from 14 species, 43% of which are protected under national or EU legislation. Among these was the Vulnerable Common Pochard (Aythya ferina), listed on the IUCN Red List. For nearly all species, harvest rates exceeded the sustainable thresholds defined by BirdLife International. Statistical comparisons between species' environmental abundance and their representation in hunting bags indicated no selectivity in shooting, pointing to indiscriminate hunting practices. Simultaneous waterbird monitoring (2018–2024) revealed steep declines in the local waterbird community and a marked decrease in Common Crane (Grus grus) numbers, with average autumn roost counts dropping from over 2000 individuals prior to hunting to 320 during hunting seasons. Although causality cannot be directly confirmed, these patterns suggest substantial disturbance effects. Our findings demonstrate the impracticality of selective hunting in species-rich wetland refuges and highlight the systematic killing of protected species. We recommend banning waterbird hunting in IBAs and implementing mandatory bird identification training and certification for hunters to reduce unintended impacts on vulnerable species.展开更多
Purpose–High-speed turnouts are more complex in structure and thus may cause abnormal vibration of highspeed train car body,affecting driving safety and passenger riding experience.Therefore,it is necessary to analyz...Purpose–High-speed turnouts are more complex in structure and thus may cause abnormal vibration of highspeed train car body,affecting driving safety and passenger riding experience.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the data characteristics of continuous hunting of high-speed trains passing through turnouts and propose a diagnostic method for engineering applications.Design/methodology/approach–First,Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise(CEEMDAN)is performed to determine the first characteristic component of the car body’s lateral acceleration.Then,the Short-Time Fourier Transform(STFT)is performed to calculate the marginal spectra.Finally,the presence of a continuous hunting problem is determined based on the results of the comparison calculations and diagnostic thresholds.To improve computational efficiency,permutation entropy(PE)is used as a fast indicator to identify turnouts with potential problems.Findings–Under continuous hunting conditions,the PE is less than 0.90;the ratio of the maximum peak value of the signal component to the original signal peak value exceeded 0.7,and there is an energy band in the STFT time-frequency map,which corresponds to a frequency distribution range of 1–2 Hz.Originality/value–The research results have revealed the lateral vibration characteristics of the high-speed train’s car body during continuous hunting when passing through turnouts.On this basis,an effective diagnostic method has been proposed.With a focus on practical engineering applications,a rapid screening index for identifying potential issues has been proposed,significantly enhancing the efficiency of diagnostic processes.展开更多
We study the influence of conformity on the evolution of cooperative behavior in games under the learning method of sampling on networks.A strategy update rule based on sampling is introduced into the stag hunt game,w...We study the influence of conformity on the evolution of cooperative behavior in games under the learning method of sampling on networks.A strategy update rule based on sampling is introduced into the stag hunt game,where agents draw samples from their neighbors and then update their strategies based on conformity or inference according to the situation in the sample.Based on these assumptions,we present the state transition equations in the dynamic evolution of population cooperation,conduct simulation analysis on lattice networks and scale-free networks,and discuss how this mechanism affects the evolution of cooperation and how cooperation evolves under different levels of conformity in the network.Our simulation results show that blindly imitating the strategies of neighbors does not necessarily lead to rapid consensus in the population.Instead,rational inference through samples can better promote the evolution of the same strategy among all agents in the population.Moreover,the simulation results also show that a smaller sample size cannot reflect the true situation of the neighbors,which has a large randomness,and the size of the benefits obtained in cooperation determines the direction of the entire population towards cooperation or defection.This work incorporates the conforming behavior of agents into the game,uses the method of sampling for strategy updates and enriches the theory of evolutionary games with a more realistic significance.展开更多
文摘Being too critical, outspoken or engaging in behavior deemed immoral can get you into big trouble in China. And it’s not the authori-ties we’re talking about here. The power of the people has found a new outlet to vent
文摘Non-selective hunting of waterbirds poses a significant challenge in biodiversity-rich areas such as Important Bird Areas (IBAs), where protected and game species congregate. Here, we present evidence from three consecutive hunting seasons spanning autumn 2021 to spring 2024 at a Natura 2000 site in western Poland, based on analyses of hunting bag photographs, local hunting records, and standardized bird monitoring data. We recorded 1331 hunted individuals from 14 species, 43% of which are protected under national or EU legislation. Among these was the Vulnerable Common Pochard (Aythya ferina), listed on the IUCN Red List. For nearly all species, harvest rates exceeded the sustainable thresholds defined by BirdLife International. Statistical comparisons between species' environmental abundance and their representation in hunting bags indicated no selectivity in shooting, pointing to indiscriminate hunting practices. Simultaneous waterbird monitoring (2018–2024) revealed steep declines in the local waterbird community and a marked decrease in Common Crane (Grus grus) numbers, with average autumn roost counts dropping from over 2000 individuals prior to hunting to 320 during hunting seasons. Although causality cannot be directly confirmed, these patterns suggest substantial disturbance effects. Our findings demonstrate the impracticality of selective hunting in species-rich wetland refuges and highlight the systematic killing of protected species. We recommend banning waterbird hunting in IBAs and implementing mandatory bird identification training and certification for hunters to reduce unintended impacts on vulnerable species.
基金support from the funds of National Natural Science Foundation of China(52308473)China Academy of Railway Science Corporation Limited(2022YJ192)are gratefully acknowledged。
文摘Purpose–High-speed turnouts are more complex in structure and thus may cause abnormal vibration of highspeed train car body,affecting driving safety and passenger riding experience.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the data characteristics of continuous hunting of high-speed trains passing through turnouts and propose a diagnostic method for engineering applications.Design/methodology/approach–First,Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise(CEEMDAN)is performed to determine the first characteristic component of the car body’s lateral acceleration.Then,the Short-Time Fourier Transform(STFT)is performed to calculate the marginal spectra.Finally,the presence of a continuous hunting problem is determined based on the results of the comparison calculations and diagnostic thresholds.To improve computational efficiency,permutation entropy(PE)is used as a fast indicator to identify turnouts with potential problems.Findings–Under continuous hunting conditions,the PE is less than 0.90;the ratio of the maximum peak value of the signal component to the original signal peak value exceeded 0.7,and there is an energy band in the STFT time-frequency map,which corresponds to a frequency distribution range of 1–2 Hz.Originality/value–The research results have revealed the lateral vibration characteristics of the high-speed train’s car body during continuous hunting when passing through turnouts.On this basis,an effective diagnostic method has been proposed.With a focus on practical engineering applications,a rapid screening index for identifying potential issues has been proposed,significantly enhancing the efficiency of diagnostic processes.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72031009)the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20&ZD058)。
文摘We study the influence of conformity on the evolution of cooperative behavior in games under the learning method of sampling on networks.A strategy update rule based on sampling is introduced into the stag hunt game,where agents draw samples from their neighbors and then update their strategies based on conformity or inference according to the situation in the sample.Based on these assumptions,we present the state transition equations in the dynamic evolution of population cooperation,conduct simulation analysis on lattice networks and scale-free networks,and discuss how this mechanism affects the evolution of cooperation and how cooperation evolves under different levels of conformity in the network.Our simulation results show that blindly imitating the strategies of neighbors does not necessarily lead to rapid consensus in the population.Instead,rational inference through samples can better promote the evolution of the same strategy among all agents in the population.Moreover,the simulation results also show that a smaller sample size cannot reflect the true situation of the neighbors,which has a large randomness,and the size of the benefits obtained in cooperation determines the direction of the entire population towards cooperation or defection.This work incorporates the conforming behavior of agents into the game,uses the method of sampling for strategy updates and enriches the theory of evolutionary games with a more realistic significance.
