We consider the psychophysical experiments in which the test subject’s binary reaction is determined by the prescribed exposure duration to a stimulus and a random variable subjective threshold. For example, when a s...We consider the psychophysical experiments in which the test subject’s binary reaction is determined by the prescribed exposure duration to a stimulus and a random variable subjective threshold. For example, when a subject is exposed to a millimeter wave beam for a prescribed duration, the occurrence of flight action is binary (yes or no). In experiments, in addition to the binary outcome, the actuation time of flight action is also recorded if it occurs;the delay from the initiation time to the actuation time of flight action is the human reaction time, which is not measurable. In this study, we model the random subjective threshold as a Weibull distribution and formulate an inference method for estimating the human reaction time, from data of prescribed exposure durations, binary outcomes and actuation times of flight action collected in a sequence of tests. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the inference of human reaction time based on the Weibull distribution converges to the correct value even when the underlying true model deviates from the inference model. This robustness of the inference method makes it applicable to real experimental data where the underlying true model is unknown.展开更多
目的探讨牙龈组织中是否存在β防御素-4(hBD-4)及其分布情况。方法收集健康牙龈标本。采用免疫组织化学法检测18例牙龈组织标本hBD-4蛋白水平的分布;提取组织RNA,进行实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(real time RT-PCR)检测30例牙龈标本...目的探讨牙龈组织中是否存在β防御素-4(hBD-4)及其分布情况。方法收集健康牙龈标本。采用免疫组织化学法检测18例牙龈组织标本hBD-4蛋白水平的分布;提取组织RNA,进行实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(real time RT-PCR)检测30例牙龈标本中hBD-4基因的表达水平。结果免疫组织化学检测结果显示,18例牙龈样本中有13例检出hBD-4;real time RT-PCR检测结果显示,30例牙龈组织中4例样本检测出hBD-4表达。结论hBD-4在健康牙龈组织中有不同水平的表达和分布,可能在维持牙周组织健康中起作用。展开更多
文摘We consider the psychophysical experiments in which the test subject’s binary reaction is determined by the prescribed exposure duration to a stimulus and a random variable subjective threshold. For example, when a subject is exposed to a millimeter wave beam for a prescribed duration, the occurrence of flight action is binary (yes or no). In experiments, in addition to the binary outcome, the actuation time of flight action is also recorded if it occurs;the delay from the initiation time to the actuation time of flight action is the human reaction time, which is not measurable. In this study, we model the random subjective threshold as a Weibull distribution and formulate an inference method for estimating the human reaction time, from data of prescribed exposure durations, binary outcomes and actuation times of flight action collected in a sequence of tests. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the inference of human reaction time based on the Weibull distribution converges to the correct value even when the underlying true model deviates from the inference model. This robustness of the inference method makes it applicable to real experimental data where the underlying true model is unknown.
文摘目的探讨牙龈组织中是否存在β防御素-4(hBD-4)及其分布情况。方法收集健康牙龈标本。采用免疫组织化学法检测18例牙龈组织标本hBD-4蛋白水平的分布;提取组织RNA,进行实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(real time RT-PCR)检测30例牙龈标本中hBD-4基因的表达水平。结果免疫组织化学检测结果显示,18例牙龈样本中有13例检出hBD-4;real time RT-PCR检测结果显示,30例牙龈组织中4例样本检测出hBD-4表达。结论hBD-4在健康牙龈组织中有不同水平的表达和分布,可能在维持牙周组织健康中起作用。
