BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease.The disease characteristics,morbidity,and renal function progression rate of patients with DKD are all related to sex.This...BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease.The disease characteristics,morbidity,and renal function progression rate of patients with DKD are all related to sex.This suggests that sex hormones may play an important role in changing renal function in patients with diabetes.There have been only a few studies on the correlation between sex hormones and DKD,which have contradictory conclusions.AIM To investigate the relationship between circulating sex hormone levels and DKD in men and postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study included 356 patients with T2DM.Pearson or Spearman rank correlation analyses assessed the relationships between sex hormone levels and renal function indices.By adjusting for age,body mass index,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,duration of diabetes,use of sodium-glucose cotrasporter-2 inhibitor,use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist,hypertension,use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker/angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor,diabetic retinopathy,diabetic peripheral vascular disease,triglyceride,uric acid,and hemoglobin A1c,multiple linear regression and logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors influencing the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(UACR)and DKD.RESULTS In men,dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were inversely associated with log-transformed UACR after adjustment for covariate factors[regression coefficient(β)=-0.691,95%confidence interval(CI):-1.241 to-0.141 for quartile 4 vs quartile 1;P=0.006 for trend].Elevated levels of estradiol were positively associated with DKD[odds ratio(OR)=3.097,95%CI:1.083-8.856 for quartile 4 vs quartile 1;P=0.041 for trend],and higher luteinizing hormone(LH)levels were similarly associated with DKD(OR=4.164,95%CI:1.30-13.330 for quartile 4 vs quartile 1;P=0.048 for trend).In postmenopausal women,LH levels were positively correlated with log-transformed UACR and DKD(β=1.039,95%CI:0.284-1.794 for quartile 4 vs quartile 1;P=0.006 for trend and OR=15.117,95%CI:2.191-104.326 for quartile 4 vs quartile 1;P=0.004 for trend).Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels were also positively associated with DKD(OR=9.588,95%CI:1.680-54.709 for quartile 4 vs quartile 1;P=0.014 for trend).CONCLUSION In men with T2DM,elevated levels of estradiol and LH levels were positively associated with increased risk of DKD.In postmenopausal women with T2DM,high FSH and LH levels were positively associated with increased risk of DKD.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)suppression therapy on sex hormone levels in patients undergoing postoperative treatment for thyroid cancer.Methods:A total of 40 patients undergoing ...Objective:To analyze the effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)suppression therapy on sex hormone levels in patients undergoing postoperative treatment for thyroid cancer.Methods:A total of 40 patients undergoing postoperative thyroid cancer treatment were selected for data analysis.TSH suppression therapy was implemented during the postoperative period.Patients were grouped according to the TSH level:TSH<0.1,0.1≤TSH<0.5,and TSH≥0.5.Results:Among male patients,there were no significant differences in sex hormone levels at different dosing times and TSH levels(P>0.05).For female patients,testosterone levels at different dosing times showed no significant differences under the same circumstances(P>0.05).The comparison of testosterone levels at different TSH levels over 5 years of TSH suppression therapy did not yield significant differences(P>0.05).However,the comparison of testosterone levels within 5 years of TSH suppression therapy yielded significant differences(P<0.05),with the lowest levels observed at 0.1≤TSH<0.5.Conclusion:The use of TSH suppression therapy in postoperative thyroid cancer treatment minimally affects sex hormone levels in male patients.However,it has a significant impact on female patients.Therefore,preoperative sex hormone testing is recommended,and postoperative monitoring should include regular sex hormone testing.展开更多
BACKGROUND With the change in people’s lifestyles,the incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasing.It is essential to study the efficacy of various treatment methods for CRC patients to prevent and treat CRC.AIM ...BACKGROUND With the change in people’s lifestyles,the incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasing.It is essential to study the efficacy of various treatment methods for CRC patients to prevent and treat CRC.AIM To investigate the efficacy of biofeedback therapy combined with Baduanjin in improving the quality of life and gastrointestinal hormone levels of patients with CRC.METHODS A total of 120 patients with CRC who were admitted to our hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 were included in the study.They were randomly divided into four groups(n=30):the control group(group A),the biofeedback therapy intervention group(group B),the Baduanjin exercise intervention group(group C),and the combination group(group D).Patients in group A adopted the standard nursing mode and necessary health education.Patients in group B were treated with biofeedback therapy based on routine nursing care.Patients in group C were given Baduanjin intervention for 12 wk based on conventional drug treatment and care.Patients in group D were treated with biofeedback therapy and Baduanjin exercise.In this study,patients’quality of life,gastrointestinal hormone levels,and clinical efficacy in the four groups were observed at baseline and 12 wk after intervention.Meanwhile,the correlation between gastrointestinal hormone levels and various functional areas of quality of life was analyzed.By comparing the observed indicators of patients in the four groups,the efficacy of biofeedback therapy combined with Baduanjin in improving the quality of life and gastrointestinal hormone levels of patients with CRC was explored.RESULTS At baseline,there were no significant differences in quality of life,gastrointestinal hormone levels,or clinical efficacy among the four groups(P>0.05).Twelve weeks after the intervention,the combination group’s quality of life,gastrointestinal hormone levels,and clinical effectiveness were better than those of the three other groups.CONCLUSION On the basis of routine nursing care,patients with CRC combined with biofeedback therapy and Baduanjin exercise can improve the quality of life of patients with CRC and the efficacy of gastrointestinal hormone levels.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Kidney asthenia is the basic cause of the development of vascular dementia (VD). Kidney asthenia lasting for a long time will result in blood stasis. Also, the cause of VD may have relationships with endot...BACKGROUND: Kidney asthenia is the basic cause of the development of vascular dementia (VD). Kidney asthenia lasting for a long time will result in blood stasis. Also, the cause of VD may have relationships with endothelin (ET), nitric oxide (NO), homocysteine (HCY), estrogen (E2), and testosterone (T). OBJECTIVE: To observed clinical curative effect of the kidney tonic, pancreas tonic, and blood tonic with promoting blood circulation components in treating kidney asthenia with blood stasis syndrome of VD. DESIGN: Case controlled study. SETTING: Geriatric Institute of Integrated Medicine, Fujian College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 70 patients, including 39 males and 31 females aged 60-80 years, were selected from Department of Neurology, Pingshan Hospital from May 2000 to September 2002. Diagnostic criteria were used for probable VD of the American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical of Manual of Mental Disorder, 4th ed (DSM-Ⅳ), 1994 revised, mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and criteria of kidney asthenia with blood stasis with mixed weak and sthenia syndrome of Guidelines of Clinical Research of New Chinese Medicine in Treating Dementia. According to score of kidney asthenia with blood stasis syndrome, they were classified to three groups: mild (n =22), moderate (n =33) and severe (n =15). All of them with complete chest X-Ray, ECG, blood chemistry and other related examinations, exclusive of cardiovascular, liver, kidney diseases, homeopathy and psychiatry diseases. And hereby we also select 30 normal people as the comparing group, having no substantial diseases in heart, brain, kidney, liver, lung and other main organic systems after medical examination. Of this group, 11 were males and 19 were females, ranging from 62 years old to 78 years old. There were no obvious differences between the above two groups in sex, age, and education level after statistical analysis. All patients observed in Pingxi Hospital, Fuzhou, from May 2000 to September 2002. METHODS: ① According to the diagnoses standard of blood stasis syndrome: 0-89: The increase in score indicated that blood stasis syndrome was getting serious. ② According to MMSE: All the test samples were evaluated, those with scores of 0-30, in which the non-educated ≤ 17, primary school ≤ 20, above middle school ≤ 24 were categorized. ③ Testing all sample's ET, E2 and T by using radioimmunoassay, the RIA kits were provided by Scientific and Technological Development Center of General Hospital of PLA. ④ Testing the level of NO by using colorimetic method. ⑤ Testing the level of HCY by using Enzyme-linked Immunoassay. ⑥ Meanwhile, analyzing the blood stasis score by comparing with every standard. The differences of data were compared by using t test and F test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Blood plasma ET, blood serum NO, HCY, E2 and T. ② The analyzing results obtained from comparing score of blood stasis with every indicators. RESULTS: The result analysis was including of both the 70 patients of VD with kidney asthenia and blood stasis and compared group consist of 30 healthy people. ① ET, NO, HCY and ET/NO: The levels of ET, HCY and ET/NO were increasing with pathography, while the levels of ET, NO, HCY and ET/NO were decreasing with the pathography, and the difference in statistics was significant (P < 0.01). ② The level of E2 and T: The levels of both E2, T and E2/T for male VD patients were (67.72±12.18) pg/L and (351.58±155.02) ng/L, 0.24±0.12 respectively, which were higher than the compared group [(53.96±16.13) pg/L, (471.83±143.99) ng/L, 0.12±0.00, P < 0.05]. The level of E2 in the female VD patients was lower than the compared group [(34.23±10.99), (44.81±14.65) pg/L, P < 0.05]. ③ The relationship between the score of blood stasis and each indicators: The levels of ET, ET/NO and HCY had significant positive relationship with blood stasis mark (r = 0.352, 0.754, 0.347, P < 0.05-0.01), obvious negative relationship with NO (r =-0.528, P < 0.01) and no clear relationship with female E2/T and male E2/T (r = -0.210, 0.04, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: ① The levels of ET, HCY and ET/NO are increasing with pathography, while the level of NO is decreasing, which may be the evidence that the possibility of VD pathography may have relationship with the indicators above. ② The level of E2 increase in male's VD patients, and decrease in male's. And the decrease of the female may have relationship with the VD.展开更多
BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that traditional antiepileptics, such as phenytoin, carbamazepine (CBZ), phenobarbital, etc., can result in the decrease of thyroid hormone of epileptic patients. However, there is...BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that traditional antiepileptics, such as phenytoin, carbamazepine (CBZ), phenobarbital, etc., can result in the decrease of thyroid hormone of epileptic patients. However, there is still no sufficient evidence for the studies about the effect of new-type antiepileptics, such as topiramate (TPM), on thyroid hormones. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of TPM and CBZ on the level of thyroid hormones in serum of adults with epilepsy. DESIGN: A comparative observation. SETTING: Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 100 outpatients or inpatients newly diagnosed to have epilepsy were selected from the Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from July 2003 to August 2005, including 60 males and 40 females, aged 18-70 years. All the patients were accorded with the standard for the classification of epilepsy set by International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) in 1981; Had been Informed and agreed with the detection; Had no history of thyroid gland disease; Had not taken any drugs could affect the thyroid function. Meanwhile, 40 adult healthy examinees were selected from our hospital as the control group, including 24 males and 16 females, aged 18-65 years. METHODS: ① The 100 epileptic patients were randomly divided into TPM group (n =50) and CBZ group (n =50), and they were treated with TPM (Xian-Janssen Pharmaceutical, Ltd.; Batch number: 03AS032, Norm: 25 mg/tablet) and CBZ (Shanghai Sunve Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Batch number: 030201, Norm: 100 mg/tablet) respectively. The initial dosage of TPM was 25 mg per day, increased by 25 mg every week, the objective dosage of 100-200 mg per day was maintained when the symptoms were satisfactorily controlled. The dosage of CBZ was 6-8 mg/kg per day. All the patients were administrated for 1 year. ② The serum levels of total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in the epileptic patients were detected by means of chemiluminescence before treatment and at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment respectively. ③Standards for judging curative effects: Controlled by without seizure, the frequency of seizure reduced by ≥ 75% was taken as significant effect, reduced by 50%-74% as effect, and reduced by < 49% as invalid, whereas increased by more than 20% was taken as aggravation. ④ The intergroup and intragroup differences of the measurement data were compared by the analysis of variance and paired t test respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of thyroid hormones before treatment and at different time points after treatment of TPM and CBZ. RESULTS: All the 100 epileptic patients and 40 healthy subjects were involved in the analysis of results. ① Changes of serum levels of thyroid hormones: The serum levels of TT3, TT4, FT3, FT4 and TSH were close between the epileptic patients and normal subjects before treatment (P > 0.05). In the CBZ group, the serum levels of FT4 at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment [(16.87±3.77), (16.34±3.98) , (16.97±3.95) pmol/L] were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment [(18.00±3.54) pmol/L, t =2.74, 3.50, 2.26, P < 0.05]; The levels of TT3 at 3, 6 and 12 months [(2.09±0.54), (1.99±0.49), (1.84±0.47) nmol/L] were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment [(2.22±0.63) nmol/L, t =2.73, 2.78, 5.18, P < 0.05]. The levels of TT3 at 6 and 12 months [(109.65±23.98), (107.72±23.90) nmol/L] were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment [(118.98±28.48) nmol/L, t =3.11, 3.30, P < 0.05]. TT4 level in serum at 3 months and the levels of FT3 and TSH at each time point after CBZ treatment had no obvious changes as compared with those before treatment (P > 0.05). In the TPM group, the levels of thyroid hormones at each time point had no obvious changes as compared with those before treatment (P > 0.05). ② Curative effects: Of the 100 epileptic patients, it was controlled in 12 cases, significantly effective in 30 cases, effective in 39 cases and invalid in 19 cases, the total effective rate was 81% (81/100). CONCLUSION: CBZ treatment can lead to the decreases of thyroid hormones in adult epileptic patients. Epilepsy itself and TPM treatment cannot change the thyroid hormones in adult epileptic patients, which suggests that TPM treatment is safer for the thyroid function of adult epileptic patients.展开更多
Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous units. And sex hormone level disorder has became a hot research topic in the pathogenesis of acne. Studies show that the biological clock disorde...Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous units. And sex hormone level disorder has became a hot research topic in the pathogenesis of acne. Studies show that the biological clock disorder can result in the disorder of sex hormone levels which causes or aggravates acne. Biological clock disorder coincides naturally with "sleep rhythm disorder" in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM). In this paper, we will discuss the modern medical mechanism of the biological clock disorder resulting in acne from the angle of sex hormones, and analyze the TCM pathogenesis of the disease caused by the disorder of the biological clock.展开更多
This study was to evaluate the effects of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) from China with different content of glucosinolate (Gls) and erucic acid (EA) on laying hens.A total of 600 laying hens at 33 wk of age were rando...This study was to evaluate the effects of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) from China with different content of glucosinolate (Gls) and erucic acid (EA) on laying hens.A total of 600 laying hens at 33 wk of age were randomly divided into 5 treatments containing a control diet and 4 diets with 11.5% rapeseed.The 11.5% rapeseed diets varied in Gls and EA levels:1) Deyou no.6 (DY6) with Gls at 22.67μmol/g and EA at 0.7%,2) Mianbangyou no.1 (MB1) with Gls at 43.23μmol/g and EA at 3.5%,3) Deyou no.5 (DY5) with Gls at 74.66μmol/g and EA at 16.20%,4) Xiheyou no.3 (XH3) with Gls at 132.83μmol/g and EA at 44.60%.Each group had eight replicates and each replicate had 15 hens.The trial lasted for 12 wk with 4 wk withdrawal.From 1 to 8 wk of the trial,11.5% rapeseed reduced average daily feed intake (ADFI) compared to the control group (P=0.002),and egg-laying rate of XH3 rapeseed was lower than that of DY6 rapeseed(P=0.006),and egg weight of MB1,DY5,and XH3 rapeseed were lower than that of the control group(P=0.007).Egg mass was reduced by 11.5%rapeseed and egg mass of XH3 and DY5 rapeseed were lower than that of DY6 rapeseed (P=0.004).Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 11.5% rapeseed was higher than that the control group and FCR was higher in XH3 rapeseed than in DY6 rapeseed from 1 to 8 wk (P=0.008).At wk 8,the lightness value of eggshell color of XH3 rapeseed was significantly lower than that of the control and DY5 rapeseed (P=0.012).Xiheyou no.3 rapeseed had a higher redness value of eggshell color than the control and MB1 and DY5 rapeseed (P=0.008).Albumen height of DY5 rapeseed was lower than that of the control group at wk 8 (P=0.012).Mianbangyou no.1 and DY5 rapeseed decreased Haugh unit at wk 4 and 8,respectively (P=0.011,P=0.024).Serum estradiol (E2) content was decreased by 11.5% rapeseed (P=0.003).Thyroid index increased as the Gls and EA content increased (P=0.008).The smallest hierarchical follicle numbers of XH3 and MB1 rapeseed were lower than that of the control group (P=0.009).After 4 wk withdrawal,the egg weight,egg mass,and FCR did not recover (P=0.011,P=0.033,P=0.024,respectively).In conclusion,11.5% rapeseed decreased egg production performance which might be caused by decreasing hormone levels,and high Gls and EA rapeseed had a lower performance than low Gls and EA rapeseed.展开更多
Somatic embryogenesis （SE） is one of the most important steps during regeneration of cotton, but the molecular mechanism of SE remains unclear. SOMATIC EMBRYOGENSIS RECEPTOR KINASE （SERK） gene is known to function...Somatic embryogenesis （SE） is one of the most important steps during regeneration of cotton, but the molecular mechanism of SE remains unclear. SOMATIC EMBRYOGENSIS RECEPTOR KINASE （SERK） gene is known to function in SE. A homolog GhSERK2 （accession number： JF430801） was cloned from Upland cotton and characterized for its functions in SE. GhSERK2 expressed in different tissues and showed higher expression level in floral organs than vegetative ones with the highest levels in ovule and anther. GhSERK2 expressed during SE with a high level at globular embryos stage. Upon treatment with indole-3-butytic acid （IBA）, the transcription level of GhSERK2 was induced and promoted SE subsequently. A 2-day treatment of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2,4-D） induced the expression of GhSERK2, but treatments of 2,4-D for longer periods sharply inhibited the GhSERK2 transcription level of embryogenic callus （EC）. The levels of hormones, including 3-indoleacetic acid （IAA）, abscisic acid （ABA）, and brassinosteroid （BR）, were increased in the initial calli induced from the over-expression of GhSERK2 cotton. Our results indicated that GhSERK2 expression was associated with induction of SE and closely related to hormone levels during tissue culture in Upland cotton, and the gene might play an important role in regeneration of cotton.展开更多
Studies on natural variation are an important tool to unravel the genetic basis of quantitative traits in plants. Despite the significant roles of phytohormones in plant development, including root architecture, hardl...Studies on natural variation are an important tool to unravel the genetic basis of quantitative traits in plants. Despite the significant roles of phytohormones in plant development, including root architecture, hardly any studies have been done to investigate natural variation in endogenous hormone levels in plants. Therefore, in the present study a range of hormones were quantified in root extracts of thirteen Arabidopsis thaliana accessions using a ultra performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Root system architecture of the set of accessions was quantified, using a new parameter （mature root unit） for complex root systems, and correlated with the phytohormone data. Significant variations in phytohormone levels among the accessions were detected, but were remarkably small, namely less than three-fold difference between extremes. For cytokinins, relatively larger variations were found for ribosides and glucosides, as compared to the free bases. For root phenotyping, length-related traits--lateral root length and total root length--showed larger variations than lateral root number-related ones. For root architecture, antagonistic interactions between hormones, for example, indole-3-acetic acid to trans-zeatin were detected in correlation analysis. These findings provide conclusive evidence for the presence of natural variation in phytohormone levels in Arabidopsis roots, suggesting that quantitative genetic analyses are feasible.展开更多
Objective To observe the alterations of serum thyroid hormone levels in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)patients without thyroid disease and therefore to investigate the association ...Objective To observe the alterations of serum thyroid hormone levels in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)patients without thyroid disease and therefore to investigate the association between serum thyroid hormone levels and the severity and prognosis of AECOPD.Methods Serum thyroid hormone levels including TT4,TT3,TSH,FT4 and展开更多
Background: Infertility is characterized by the inability to conceive after a year of regular unprotected intercourse. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of sex hormone levels during different ...Background: Infertility is characterized by the inability to conceive after a year of regular unprotected intercourse. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of sex hormone levels during different physiological periods in the diagnosis of infertility patients. Methods: From December 2019 to May 2021, a total of 93 infertility patients were admitted and selected as the observation group. Among them, 31 cases were in the follicular stage, 31 cases in the ovulation stage, and 31 cases in the luteal stage. Ninety-three healthy women for fertility evaluation due to male infertility were selected as the control group. The control group included 31 women in the follicular phase, 31 women in the ovulatory phase, and 31 women in the luteal phase. The levels of sex hormones (prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), and progesterone (P)) during different physiological phases were compared between the observation and control groups. Results: The follicular phase showed no significant difference in LH levels between the observation group and the control group. The observation group showed higher levels of PRL and P compared to the control group, while the levels of FSH, E2, and T were lower in the observation group compared to the control group. The ovulation phase showed no significant difference in PRL levels between the two groups. The observation group showed lower levels of LH, FSH, E2, T, and P compared to the control group. The luteal phase showed no statistical difference in E2 levels between the two groups. The observation group showed higher levels of PRL, LH, and FSH compared to the control group, while the levels of T and P were lower in the observation group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Infertile women show variations in hormone levels compared to the normal levels during the follicular phase, ovulatory phase, and luteal phase.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Breast hyperplasia is a common benign breast disease mainly caused by endocrine disorders,manifested as abnormal hyperplasia of breast tissue.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine compounds and probi...BACKGROUND:Breast hyperplasia is a common benign breast disease mainly caused by endocrine disorders,manifested as abnormal hyperplasia of breast tissue.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine compounds and probiotics have shown good potential in regulating the endocrine system and improving the intestinal microecology,providing new ideas for the treatment of breast hyperplasia.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine compounds and fermented probiotic compounds on breast hyperplasia in mice,providing new theoretical and experimental bases for the clinical treatment and prevention of breast hyperplasia.METHODS:(1)Network pharmacology tools were used to predict the anti-breast-hyperplasia activity of Herba Gueldenstaedtiae(Euphorbia humifusa),as well as its potential targets and signaling pathways.The databases included:TCMSP,OMIM,GeneCards database,UniProt website,Venny2.1.0 website,Metascape,HERB website,and STRING database,all of which are open-access databases.Network pharmacology can predict and screen key information such as the targets corresponding to the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine,disease targets,and action pathways through network analysis and computer-system analysis.Therefore,it has been increasingly widely used in the research of traditional Chinese medicine.(2)A breast hyperplasia model was induced in mice by injecting estrogen and progesterone.Mice in the normal blank group were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline every day.Mice in the model group and drugadministration groups were injected intraperitoneally with estradiol benzoate injection at a concentration of 0.5 mg/kg every day for 25 days.From the 26th day,the injection of estradiol benzoate injection was stopped.Mice in the normal blank group were injected intramuscularly with normal saline every day,and mice in the model group and drug-administration groups were injected intramuscularly with progesterone injection at a concentration of 5 mg/kg for 5 days.After the model was established,each group was given drugs respectively.The normal blank group and the model group were gavaged with 0.2 mL/d of normal saline;the positive blank group(Xiaozheng Pill group)was gavaged with an aqueous solution of Xiaozheng Pill at 0.9 mg/g;the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae were gavaged with an aqueous solution of the compound medicine at 0.75,1.5,and 3.0 mg/(g·d)respectively;the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation were gavaged with an aqueous solution of the compound medicine at 0.75,1.5,and 3.0 mg/(g·d)respectively.The administration was continuous for 30 days.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of network pharmacology research showed that the Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae(Euphorbia humifusa)contained 46 active ingredients,which were related to 1213 potential targets.After comparison with 588 known breast-hyperplasia targets,it was speculated that 50 of these targets might be related to the direct effect of the compound on breast hyperplasia.(2)After drug intervention,there was no significant change in the high-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae compared with the normal blank group.The liver indicators of the other intervention groups all significantly decreased(P<0.05).(3)In terms of kidney and uterine indicators,the medium-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae decreased significantly compared with the normal blank group(P<0.05).In terms of the uterine index,the model group increased significantly compared with the normal blank group(P<0.01).(4)After 1-month drug treatment,the number of lobules and acini in the breast tissue of the Xiaozheng Pill group,the low,medium,and high-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae,the low,medium,and highdose groups of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation decreased,and the duct openings narrowed.With the increase of drug dose,diffuse hyperplasia of breast tissue was significantly improved.(5)The ELISA results showed that compared with the model group,the estrogen level was lower in the medium-dose group of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation after the intervention(P<0.05).In addition,the follicle-stimulating hormone level in the low-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae was lower than that of the model group(P<0.05).(6)The intervention in the mouse model led to changes in the abundance of short chain fatty acids and intestinal flora in all groups.To conclude,the Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae and its probiotic fermentation products significantly improved mammary gland hyperplasia in mice by regulating hormone levels,improving the structure of the gut microbiota,and increasing the content of shortchain fatty acids,providing new ideas and potential sources of drugs for the treatment of breast hyperplasia.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To study the value of serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels in differential diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD). METHODS: To measure serum IGFBP-3 levels by RIA in nor...OBJECTIVE: To study the value of serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels in differential diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD). METHODS: To measure serum IGFBP-3 levels by RIA in normal children and adolescents, GHD children and short-stature children without GHD. RESULTS: Serum level of IGFBP-3 in 129 children with untreated GHD and with no pubertal development was 1.6 +/- 0.9 mg/L, which was less than that in normal group of the same age, but overlapped with the normal children in Tanner stage I. After six-month treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), serum level of IGFBP-3 in 59 GHD significantly increased from 1.3 +/- 0.7 mg/L to 2.7 +/- 0.9 mg/L, accompanied by an increase of body heights, growth velocities and serum level of IGF-1. Serum level of IGFBP-3 in 55 short-stature children without GHD was 3.3 +/- 2.2 mg/L, which was not significantly different from that in normal group. CONCLUSION: Serum IGFBP-3 level can reflect the status of GH secretion in children with GHD and is a useful marker for differential diagnosis of GHD.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of leuprolide acetate extended-release microspheres for injection in children with pediatric precocious puberty.Methods:A total of 110 cases of pediatric ...Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of leuprolide acetate extended-release microspheres for injection in children with pediatric precocious puberty.Methods:A total of 110 cases of pediatric precocious puberty admitted between January 2019 and December 2021 were selected and randomized into two groups using a random number table,with 55 cases in the control group and 55 cases in the experimental group.The control group received conventional treatment,while the experimental group was treated with leuprolide acetate extended-release microspheres for injection.The therapeutic effects were observed,and changes in sex hormone levels,ovarian volume,growth indices,and the incidence of adverse reactions were statistically compared between the groups.Results:The experimental group demonstrated superior outcomes in terms of sex hormone levels,ovarian volume,and growth indices compared to the control group.Additionally,the incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was significantly lower(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of leuprolide acetate extended-release microspheres for the treatment of pediatric precocious puberty is associated with improved therapeutic effects and higher safety.展开更多
In the present study, the BPH inhibitory activities of Urtica fissa were systematically investigated. Firstly, inhibitory activities of 5α reductase of the alcoholic extracts from different parts(root, stem, leaf, fl...In the present study, the BPH inhibitory activities of Urtica fissa were systematically investigated. Firstly, inhibitory activities of 5α reductase of the alcoholic extracts from different parts(root, stem, leaf, flower and fruit) were evaluated. The results indicated that the root possessed the most significant action. Subsequently, U. fissa root(UFR) was subjected to further pharmacological evaluation using the benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH) model rats induced by testosterone propionate. The results revealed that UFR could significantly decrease the prostate index, alter the hyperplasia tissue morphology, suppress the prostatic growth factors of VEGF, EGF, bF GF and KGF, decrease the inflammation factor levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, improve the activities of GSH-Px, CAT and SOD and decrease the MDA level in the prostate of the model rats. Moreover, UFR also significantly suppressed the hormone levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. These results indicated that the possible BPH inhibitory mechanisms of UFR were growth factor suppression, hormone level modulation, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidative stress.展开更多
Background:To study the efficacy of Fujing prescription combined with auricular acupoint application in premature ovarian failure and its effect on hormone levels.Methods:From March 2018 to March 2020,100 patients wit...Background:To study the efficacy of Fujing prescription combined with auricular acupoint application in premature ovarian failure and its effect on hormone levels.Methods:From March 2018 to March 2020,100 patients with premature ovarian failure treated in our outpatient clinic were selected and randomly divided into a control group of 50 cases and a treatment group of 50 cases.The control group was treated with Femoston for 28 consecutive days,and the treatment group was treated with not only Femoston,but also Fujing prescription and auricular acupoint application.The patients in the two groups were treated with a 3-month course of treatment.The clinical efficacy,traditional Chinese medicine integral,serum hormone level,immune index and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the indexes of IgG,IgM and IgA in the treatment group were all increased(P<0.05 for all);compared with the control group,the incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment group was lower(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of Fujing prescription and auricular acupoint application in the treatment of premature ovarian failure can improve patients'clinical symptoms significantly,resulting in a decrease in follicle-stimulating hormone levels and an increase in estrogen levels.The combination of Fujing prescription and acupoint application has provided a clinical basis for the TCM treatment of premature ovarian failure.展开更多
Rationale: Levothyroxine is the most commonly used agent in thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Although there are many hypothyroid patients who use levothyroxine as a treatment, high level of thyroid stimulating hor...Rationale: Levothyroxine is the most commonly used agent in thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Although there are many hypothyroid patients who use levothyroxine as a treatment, high level of thyroid stimulating hormone is found in a limited number of levothyroxine overdose cases worldwide.Patient concern: A 34-year-old male patient taking 4.5 mg levothyroxine for suicide. Diagnosis: Overdose of levothyroxine. Interventions: The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit for follow-up treatment. Cardiac rithym and vital parameters of patient were closely monitored. Outcomes: The patient discharged without any life-threatening complications. Lessons: Patient with initial high thyroid stimulating hormone levels may not be in hyperthyroidism crisis by levothyroxine poisoning.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of the combination of enhanced“Shou Tai Wan”soup and progesterone in the treatment of early pre-eclampsia miscarriage.Methods:86 patients with early pre-eclampsia misca...Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of the combination of enhanced“Shou Tai Wan”soup and progesterone in the treatment of early pre-eclampsia miscarriage.Methods:86 patients with early pre-eclampsia miscarriage in our hospital from July 2021 to July 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 43 cases each.The control group was treated with progesterone,while the study group was treated with an addition of enhanced“Shou Tai Wan”soup.The treatment effects of the two groups and the changes in the inflammatory factor levels and sex hormone levels before and after the treatment were observed.Results:INF-γand Il-2 were lower and IL-4 was higher in the study group than in the control group after treatment(p-value<0.05);the total effective rate of treatment was higher in the study group(95.35%)than in the control group(74.42%),(p-value<0.05);the levels of P,E2 andβ-hCG were higher in the study group than in the control group after treatment(p-value<0.05).Conclusion:The combined application of enhanced“Shou Tai Wan”soup and progesterone in patients with early preterm abortion is more effective by improving the patients’sex hormone levels and reducing the level of inflammatory factors,which is conducive to the improvement of the treatment effect and worthy of promotion.展开更多
ObjectiveToanalyze clinica1l and genetic characteristics of congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism(CHH)in children.Methods Clinical data of O-18 year old CHH patients diagnosed in the Department of Endocrinology,Gen...ObjectiveToanalyze clinica1l and genetic characteristics of congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism(CHH)in children.Methods Clinical data of O-18 year old CHH patients diagnosed in the Department of Endocrinology,Genetics and Metabolism of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from January 1,2016 to December 31,2023 were retrospectively analyzed,including their hormone levels and genetic test results.Results A total of 95 patients with CHH were included.Among them,25 were diagnosed before the age of 3,37 between the ages of 3-14,and 33 were over 14 years old at the time of first diagnosis.The primary manifestations were micropenis(95 cases,100%)and cryptorchidism(46 cases,48.5%).The incidence of cryptorchidism was the lowest in the group over 14 years of age.Hormonal analysis revealed that the peak levels of LH following statin B and GnRH stimulation,the peak levels of FSH after GnRH stimulation,and testosterone levels following hCG stimulation were the highest in the infant group.Genetic analysis identified 20 CHH-related genes in 61 out of 77 cases.Doublegene mutation accounted for 7.8%(6/77)and triple-gene mutation accounted for 3.9%(3/77).The most common mutations were FGFR1(18/77,23.4%),,CHD7(12/77,15.6%),PROKR2(11/77,14.3%)and ANOSI(6/77,7.8%).The incidence of cryptorchidism in these four genotypes was 50%,75%,45.5%and 83.3%,respectively.The incidence of testicular dysfunction was 22.2%,16.7%,27.3%,and 16.7%,respectively,with no statistical significance.Conclusion The primary manifestation of CHH is micropenis and cryptorchidism.In children with CHH,the incidence of testicular Leydig cell and Sertoli cell dysfunction increased with age in CHH children.FCFR1,CHD7,PROKR22andANOS1 are common variants of CHH.展开更多
Previous work exploring the interrelationships between sex steroids(e.g.androgens,testosterones and 11-ketotestosterones)and social behavior in teleosts suggest that mirror-elicited aggression in cichlid fish may not ...Previous work exploring the interrelationships between sex steroids(e.g.androgens,testosterones and 11-ketotestosterones)and social behavior in teleosts suggest that mirror-elicited aggression in cichlid fish may not trigger a hormonal response.Using the Mozambique tilapia(Oreochromis mossambicus)to analyze immune responses as a result of social stress,we measured levels of cortisol and melatonin using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA)assays.In this work,we demonstrated that cortisol concentrations are significantly lower yet the levels of melatonin remain unchanged in tilapia that are fighting their mirror image.Our results suggested that in tied fights,certain hormone levels remain unchanged(e.g.androgens)due to the lack of melatonin induction.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82270942.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease.The disease characteristics,morbidity,and renal function progression rate of patients with DKD are all related to sex.This suggests that sex hormones may play an important role in changing renal function in patients with diabetes.There have been only a few studies on the correlation between sex hormones and DKD,which have contradictory conclusions.AIM To investigate the relationship between circulating sex hormone levels and DKD in men and postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study included 356 patients with T2DM.Pearson or Spearman rank correlation analyses assessed the relationships between sex hormone levels and renal function indices.By adjusting for age,body mass index,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,duration of diabetes,use of sodium-glucose cotrasporter-2 inhibitor,use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist,hypertension,use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker/angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor,diabetic retinopathy,diabetic peripheral vascular disease,triglyceride,uric acid,and hemoglobin A1c,multiple linear regression and logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors influencing the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(UACR)and DKD.RESULTS In men,dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were inversely associated with log-transformed UACR after adjustment for covariate factors[regression coefficient(β)=-0.691,95%confidence interval(CI):-1.241 to-0.141 for quartile 4 vs quartile 1;P=0.006 for trend].Elevated levels of estradiol were positively associated with DKD[odds ratio(OR)=3.097,95%CI:1.083-8.856 for quartile 4 vs quartile 1;P=0.041 for trend],and higher luteinizing hormone(LH)levels were similarly associated with DKD(OR=4.164,95%CI:1.30-13.330 for quartile 4 vs quartile 1;P=0.048 for trend).In postmenopausal women,LH levels were positively correlated with log-transformed UACR and DKD(β=1.039,95%CI:0.284-1.794 for quartile 4 vs quartile 1;P=0.006 for trend and OR=15.117,95%CI:2.191-104.326 for quartile 4 vs quartile 1;P=0.004 for trend).Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels were also positively associated with DKD(OR=9.588,95%CI:1.680-54.709 for quartile 4 vs quartile 1;P=0.014 for trend).CONCLUSION In men with T2DM,elevated levels of estradiol and LH levels were positively associated with increased risk of DKD.In postmenopausal women with T2DM,high FSH and LH levels were positively associated with increased risk of DKD.
文摘Objective:To analyze the effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)suppression therapy on sex hormone levels in patients undergoing postoperative treatment for thyroid cancer.Methods:A total of 40 patients undergoing postoperative thyroid cancer treatment were selected for data analysis.TSH suppression therapy was implemented during the postoperative period.Patients were grouped according to the TSH level:TSH<0.1,0.1≤TSH<0.5,and TSH≥0.5.Results:Among male patients,there were no significant differences in sex hormone levels at different dosing times and TSH levels(P>0.05).For female patients,testosterone levels at different dosing times showed no significant differences under the same circumstances(P>0.05).The comparison of testosterone levels at different TSH levels over 5 years of TSH suppression therapy did not yield significant differences(P>0.05).However,the comparison of testosterone levels within 5 years of TSH suppression therapy yielded significant differences(P<0.05),with the lowest levels observed at 0.1≤TSH<0.5.Conclusion:The use of TSH suppression therapy in postoperative thyroid cancer treatment minimally affects sex hormone levels in male patients.However,it has a significant impact on female patients.Therefore,preoperative sex hormone testing is recommended,and postoperative monitoring should include regular sex hormone testing.
文摘BACKGROUND With the change in people’s lifestyles,the incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasing.It is essential to study the efficacy of various treatment methods for CRC patients to prevent and treat CRC.AIM To investigate the efficacy of biofeedback therapy combined with Baduanjin in improving the quality of life and gastrointestinal hormone levels of patients with CRC.METHODS A total of 120 patients with CRC who were admitted to our hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 were included in the study.They were randomly divided into four groups(n=30):the control group(group A),the biofeedback therapy intervention group(group B),the Baduanjin exercise intervention group(group C),and the combination group(group D).Patients in group A adopted the standard nursing mode and necessary health education.Patients in group B were treated with biofeedback therapy based on routine nursing care.Patients in group C were given Baduanjin intervention for 12 wk based on conventional drug treatment and care.Patients in group D were treated with biofeedback therapy and Baduanjin exercise.In this study,patients’quality of life,gastrointestinal hormone levels,and clinical efficacy in the four groups were observed at baseline and 12 wk after intervention.Meanwhile,the correlation between gastrointestinal hormone levels and various functional areas of quality of life was analyzed.By comparing the observed indicators of patients in the four groups,the efficacy of biofeedback therapy combined with Baduanjin in improving the quality of life and gastrointestinal hormone levels of patients with CRC was explored.RESULTS At baseline,there were no significant differences in quality of life,gastrointestinal hormone levels,or clinical efficacy among the four groups(P>0.05).Twelve weeks after the intervention,the combination group’s quality of life,gastrointestinal hormone levels,and clinical effectiveness were better than those of the three other groups.CONCLUSION On the basis of routine nursing care,patients with CRC combined with biofeedback therapy and Baduanjin exercise can improve the quality of life of patients with CRC and the efficacy of gastrointestinal hormone levels.
文摘BACKGROUND: Kidney asthenia is the basic cause of the development of vascular dementia (VD). Kidney asthenia lasting for a long time will result in blood stasis. Also, the cause of VD may have relationships with endothelin (ET), nitric oxide (NO), homocysteine (HCY), estrogen (E2), and testosterone (T). OBJECTIVE: To observed clinical curative effect of the kidney tonic, pancreas tonic, and blood tonic with promoting blood circulation components in treating kidney asthenia with blood stasis syndrome of VD. DESIGN: Case controlled study. SETTING: Geriatric Institute of Integrated Medicine, Fujian College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 70 patients, including 39 males and 31 females aged 60-80 years, were selected from Department of Neurology, Pingshan Hospital from May 2000 to September 2002. Diagnostic criteria were used for probable VD of the American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical of Manual of Mental Disorder, 4th ed (DSM-Ⅳ), 1994 revised, mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and criteria of kidney asthenia with blood stasis with mixed weak and sthenia syndrome of Guidelines of Clinical Research of New Chinese Medicine in Treating Dementia. According to score of kidney asthenia with blood stasis syndrome, they were classified to three groups: mild (n =22), moderate (n =33) and severe (n =15). All of them with complete chest X-Ray, ECG, blood chemistry and other related examinations, exclusive of cardiovascular, liver, kidney diseases, homeopathy and psychiatry diseases. And hereby we also select 30 normal people as the comparing group, having no substantial diseases in heart, brain, kidney, liver, lung and other main organic systems after medical examination. Of this group, 11 were males and 19 were females, ranging from 62 years old to 78 years old. There were no obvious differences between the above two groups in sex, age, and education level after statistical analysis. All patients observed in Pingxi Hospital, Fuzhou, from May 2000 to September 2002. METHODS: ① According to the diagnoses standard of blood stasis syndrome: 0-89: The increase in score indicated that blood stasis syndrome was getting serious. ② According to MMSE: All the test samples were evaluated, those with scores of 0-30, in which the non-educated ≤ 17, primary school ≤ 20, above middle school ≤ 24 were categorized. ③ Testing all sample's ET, E2 and T by using radioimmunoassay, the RIA kits were provided by Scientific and Technological Development Center of General Hospital of PLA. ④ Testing the level of NO by using colorimetic method. ⑤ Testing the level of HCY by using Enzyme-linked Immunoassay. ⑥ Meanwhile, analyzing the blood stasis score by comparing with every standard. The differences of data were compared by using t test and F test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Blood plasma ET, blood serum NO, HCY, E2 and T. ② The analyzing results obtained from comparing score of blood stasis with every indicators. RESULTS: The result analysis was including of both the 70 patients of VD with kidney asthenia and blood stasis and compared group consist of 30 healthy people. ① ET, NO, HCY and ET/NO: The levels of ET, HCY and ET/NO were increasing with pathography, while the levels of ET, NO, HCY and ET/NO were decreasing with the pathography, and the difference in statistics was significant (P < 0.01). ② The level of E2 and T: The levels of both E2, T and E2/T for male VD patients were (67.72±12.18) pg/L and (351.58±155.02) ng/L, 0.24±0.12 respectively, which were higher than the compared group [(53.96±16.13) pg/L, (471.83±143.99) ng/L, 0.12±0.00, P < 0.05]. The level of E2 in the female VD patients was lower than the compared group [(34.23±10.99), (44.81±14.65) pg/L, P < 0.05]. ③ The relationship between the score of blood stasis and each indicators: The levels of ET, ET/NO and HCY had significant positive relationship with blood stasis mark (r = 0.352, 0.754, 0.347, P < 0.05-0.01), obvious negative relationship with NO (r =-0.528, P < 0.01) and no clear relationship with female E2/T and male E2/T (r = -0.210, 0.04, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: ① The levels of ET, HCY and ET/NO are increasing with pathography, while the level of NO is decreasing, which may be the evidence that the possibility of VD pathography may have relationship with the indicators above. ② The level of E2 increase in male's VD patients, and decrease in male's. And the decrease of the female may have relationship with the VD.
文摘BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that traditional antiepileptics, such as phenytoin, carbamazepine (CBZ), phenobarbital, etc., can result in the decrease of thyroid hormone of epileptic patients. However, there is still no sufficient evidence for the studies about the effect of new-type antiepileptics, such as topiramate (TPM), on thyroid hormones. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of TPM and CBZ on the level of thyroid hormones in serum of adults with epilepsy. DESIGN: A comparative observation. SETTING: Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 100 outpatients or inpatients newly diagnosed to have epilepsy were selected from the Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from July 2003 to August 2005, including 60 males and 40 females, aged 18-70 years. All the patients were accorded with the standard for the classification of epilepsy set by International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) in 1981; Had been Informed and agreed with the detection; Had no history of thyroid gland disease; Had not taken any drugs could affect the thyroid function. Meanwhile, 40 adult healthy examinees were selected from our hospital as the control group, including 24 males and 16 females, aged 18-65 years. METHODS: ① The 100 epileptic patients were randomly divided into TPM group (n =50) and CBZ group (n =50), and they were treated with TPM (Xian-Janssen Pharmaceutical, Ltd.; Batch number: 03AS032, Norm: 25 mg/tablet) and CBZ (Shanghai Sunve Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Batch number: 030201, Norm: 100 mg/tablet) respectively. The initial dosage of TPM was 25 mg per day, increased by 25 mg every week, the objective dosage of 100-200 mg per day was maintained when the symptoms were satisfactorily controlled. The dosage of CBZ was 6-8 mg/kg per day. All the patients were administrated for 1 year. ② The serum levels of total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in the epileptic patients were detected by means of chemiluminescence before treatment and at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment respectively. ③Standards for judging curative effects: Controlled by without seizure, the frequency of seizure reduced by ≥ 75% was taken as significant effect, reduced by 50%-74% as effect, and reduced by < 49% as invalid, whereas increased by more than 20% was taken as aggravation. ④ The intergroup and intragroup differences of the measurement data were compared by the analysis of variance and paired t test respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of thyroid hormones before treatment and at different time points after treatment of TPM and CBZ. RESULTS: All the 100 epileptic patients and 40 healthy subjects were involved in the analysis of results. ① Changes of serum levels of thyroid hormones: The serum levels of TT3, TT4, FT3, FT4 and TSH were close between the epileptic patients and normal subjects before treatment (P > 0.05). In the CBZ group, the serum levels of FT4 at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment [(16.87±3.77), (16.34±3.98) , (16.97±3.95) pmol/L] were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment [(18.00±3.54) pmol/L, t =2.74, 3.50, 2.26, P < 0.05]; The levels of TT3 at 3, 6 and 12 months [(2.09±0.54), (1.99±0.49), (1.84±0.47) nmol/L] were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment [(2.22±0.63) nmol/L, t =2.73, 2.78, 5.18, P < 0.05]. The levels of TT3 at 6 and 12 months [(109.65±23.98), (107.72±23.90) nmol/L] were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment [(118.98±28.48) nmol/L, t =3.11, 3.30, P < 0.05]. TT4 level in serum at 3 months and the levels of FT3 and TSH at each time point after CBZ treatment had no obvious changes as compared with those before treatment (P > 0.05). In the TPM group, the levels of thyroid hormones at each time point had no obvious changes as compared with those before treatment (P > 0.05). ② Curative effects: Of the 100 epileptic patients, it was controlled in 12 cases, significantly effective in 30 cases, effective in 39 cases and invalid in 19 cases, the total effective rate was 81% (81/100). CONCLUSION: CBZ treatment can lead to the decreases of thyroid hormones in adult epileptic patients. Epilepsy itself and TPM treatment cannot change the thyroid hormones in adult epileptic patients, which suggests that TPM treatment is safer for the thyroid function of adult epileptic patients.
文摘Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous units. And sex hormone level disorder has became a hot research topic in the pathogenesis of acne. Studies show that the biological clock disorder can result in the disorder of sex hormone levels which causes or aggravates acne. Biological clock disorder coincides naturally with "sleep rhythm disorder" in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM). In this paper, we will discuss the modern medical mechanism of the biological clock disorder resulting in acne from the angle of sex hormones, and analyze the TCM pathogenesis of the disease caused by the disorder of the biological clock.
基金supported by National Science and Technology Project(2014BAD13B04)the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-Industry Technology Research System and Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Project(2014NZ0043,2014NZ0002).
文摘This study was to evaluate the effects of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) from China with different content of glucosinolate (Gls) and erucic acid (EA) on laying hens.A total of 600 laying hens at 33 wk of age were randomly divided into 5 treatments containing a control diet and 4 diets with 11.5% rapeseed.The 11.5% rapeseed diets varied in Gls and EA levels:1) Deyou no.6 (DY6) with Gls at 22.67μmol/g and EA at 0.7%,2) Mianbangyou no.1 (MB1) with Gls at 43.23μmol/g and EA at 3.5%,3) Deyou no.5 (DY5) with Gls at 74.66μmol/g and EA at 16.20%,4) Xiheyou no.3 (XH3) with Gls at 132.83μmol/g and EA at 44.60%.Each group had eight replicates and each replicate had 15 hens.The trial lasted for 12 wk with 4 wk withdrawal.From 1 to 8 wk of the trial,11.5% rapeseed reduced average daily feed intake (ADFI) compared to the control group (P=0.002),and egg-laying rate of XH3 rapeseed was lower than that of DY6 rapeseed(P=0.006),and egg weight of MB1,DY5,and XH3 rapeseed were lower than that of the control group(P=0.007).Egg mass was reduced by 11.5%rapeseed and egg mass of XH3 and DY5 rapeseed were lower than that of DY6 rapeseed (P=0.004).Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 11.5% rapeseed was higher than that the control group and FCR was higher in XH3 rapeseed than in DY6 rapeseed from 1 to 8 wk (P=0.008).At wk 8,the lightness value of eggshell color of XH3 rapeseed was significantly lower than that of the control and DY5 rapeseed (P=0.012).Xiheyou no.3 rapeseed had a higher redness value of eggshell color than the control and MB1 and DY5 rapeseed (P=0.008).Albumen height of DY5 rapeseed was lower than that of the control group at wk 8 (P=0.012).Mianbangyou no.1 and DY5 rapeseed decreased Haugh unit at wk 4 and 8,respectively (P=0.011,P=0.024).Serum estradiol (E2) content was decreased by 11.5% rapeseed (P=0.003).Thyroid index increased as the Gls and EA content increased (P=0.008).The smallest hierarchical follicle numbers of XH3 and MB1 rapeseed were lower than that of the control group (P=0.009).After 4 wk withdrawal,the egg weight,egg mass,and FCR did not recover (P=0.011,P=0.033,P=0.024,respectively).In conclusion,11.5% rapeseed decreased egg production performance which might be caused by decreasing hormone levels,and high Gls and EA rapeseed had a lower performance than low Gls and EA rapeseed.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31371666)a grant from the National Key Specific Program to Hua Jinping (2016ZX08005-003)
文摘Somatic embryogenesis （SE） is one of the most important steps during regeneration of cotton, but the molecular mechanism of SE remains unclear. SOMATIC EMBRYOGENSIS RECEPTOR KINASE （SERK） gene is known to function in SE. A homolog GhSERK2 （accession number： JF430801） was cloned from Upland cotton and characterized for its functions in SE. GhSERK2 expressed in different tissues and showed higher expression level in floral organs than vegetative ones with the highest levels in ovule and anther. GhSERK2 expressed during SE with a high level at globular embryos stage. Upon treatment with indole-3-butytic acid （IBA）, the transcription level of GhSERK2 was induced and promoted SE subsequently. A 2-day treatment of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2,4-D） induced the expression of GhSERK2, but treatments of 2,4-D for longer periods sharply inhibited the GhSERK2 transcription level of embryogenic callus （EC）. The levels of hormones, including 3-indoleacetic acid （IAA）, abscisic acid （ABA）, and brassinosteroid （BR）, were increased in the initial calli induced from the over-expression of GhSERK2 cotton. Our results indicated that GhSERK2 expression was associated with induction of SE and closely related to hormone levels during tissue culture in Upland cotton, and the gene might play an important role in regeneration of cotton.
文摘Studies on natural variation are an important tool to unravel the genetic basis of quantitative traits in plants. Despite the significant roles of phytohormones in plant development, including root architecture, hardly any studies have been done to investigate natural variation in endogenous hormone levels in plants. Therefore, in the present study a range of hormones were quantified in root extracts of thirteen Arabidopsis thaliana accessions using a ultra performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Root system architecture of the set of accessions was quantified, using a new parameter （mature root unit） for complex root systems, and correlated with the phytohormone data. Significant variations in phytohormone levels among the accessions were detected, but were remarkably small, namely less than three-fold difference between extremes. For cytokinins, relatively larger variations were found for ribosides and glucosides, as compared to the free bases. For root phenotyping, length-related traits--lateral root length and total root length--showed larger variations than lateral root number-related ones. For root architecture, antagonistic interactions between hormones, for example, indole-3-acetic acid to trans-zeatin were detected in correlation analysis. These findings provide conclusive evidence for the presence of natural variation in phytohormone levels in Arabidopsis roots, suggesting that quantitative genetic analyses are feasible.
文摘Objective To observe the alterations of serum thyroid hormone levels in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)patients without thyroid disease and therefore to investigate the association between serum thyroid hormone levels and the severity and prognosis of AECOPD.Methods Serum thyroid hormone levels including TT4,TT3,TSH,FT4 and
文摘Background: Infertility is characterized by the inability to conceive after a year of regular unprotected intercourse. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of sex hormone levels during different physiological periods in the diagnosis of infertility patients. Methods: From December 2019 to May 2021, a total of 93 infertility patients were admitted and selected as the observation group. Among them, 31 cases were in the follicular stage, 31 cases in the ovulation stage, and 31 cases in the luteal stage. Ninety-three healthy women for fertility evaluation due to male infertility were selected as the control group. The control group included 31 women in the follicular phase, 31 women in the ovulatory phase, and 31 women in the luteal phase. The levels of sex hormones (prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), and progesterone (P)) during different physiological phases were compared between the observation and control groups. Results: The follicular phase showed no significant difference in LH levels between the observation group and the control group. The observation group showed higher levels of PRL and P compared to the control group, while the levels of FSH, E2, and T were lower in the observation group compared to the control group. The ovulation phase showed no significant difference in PRL levels between the two groups. The observation group showed lower levels of LH, FSH, E2, T, and P compared to the control group. The luteal phase showed no statistical difference in E2 levels between the two groups. The observation group showed higher levels of PRL, LH, and FSH compared to the control group, while the levels of T and P were lower in the observation group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Infertile women show variations in hormone levels compared to the normal levels during the follicular phase, ovulatory phase, and luteal phase.
文摘BACKGROUND:Breast hyperplasia is a common benign breast disease mainly caused by endocrine disorders,manifested as abnormal hyperplasia of breast tissue.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine compounds and probiotics have shown good potential in regulating the endocrine system and improving the intestinal microecology,providing new ideas for the treatment of breast hyperplasia.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine compounds and fermented probiotic compounds on breast hyperplasia in mice,providing new theoretical and experimental bases for the clinical treatment and prevention of breast hyperplasia.METHODS:(1)Network pharmacology tools were used to predict the anti-breast-hyperplasia activity of Herba Gueldenstaedtiae(Euphorbia humifusa),as well as its potential targets and signaling pathways.The databases included:TCMSP,OMIM,GeneCards database,UniProt website,Venny2.1.0 website,Metascape,HERB website,and STRING database,all of which are open-access databases.Network pharmacology can predict and screen key information such as the targets corresponding to the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine,disease targets,and action pathways through network analysis and computer-system analysis.Therefore,it has been increasingly widely used in the research of traditional Chinese medicine.(2)A breast hyperplasia model was induced in mice by injecting estrogen and progesterone.Mice in the normal blank group were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline every day.Mice in the model group and drugadministration groups were injected intraperitoneally with estradiol benzoate injection at a concentration of 0.5 mg/kg every day for 25 days.From the 26th day,the injection of estradiol benzoate injection was stopped.Mice in the normal blank group were injected intramuscularly with normal saline every day,and mice in the model group and drug-administration groups were injected intramuscularly with progesterone injection at a concentration of 5 mg/kg for 5 days.After the model was established,each group was given drugs respectively.The normal blank group and the model group were gavaged with 0.2 mL/d of normal saline;the positive blank group(Xiaozheng Pill group)was gavaged with an aqueous solution of Xiaozheng Pill at 0.9 mg/g;the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae were gavaged with an aqueous solution of the compound medicine at 0.75,1.5,and 3.0 mg/(g·d)respectively;the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation were gavaged with an aqueous solution of the compound medicine at 0.75,1.5,and 3.0 mg/(g·d)respectively.The administration was continuous for 30 days.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of network pharmacology research showed that the Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae(Euphorbia humifusa)contained 46 active ingredients,which were related to 1213 potential targets.After comparison with 588 known breast-hyperplasia targets,it was speculated that 50 of these targets might be related to the direct effect of the compound on breast hyperplasia.(2)After drug intervention,there was no significant change in the high-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae compared with the normal blank group.The liver indicators of the other intervention groups all significantly decreased(P<0.05).(3)In terms of kidney and uterine indicators,the medium-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae decreased significantly compared with the normal blank group(P<0.05).In terms of the uterine index,the model group increased significantly compared with the normal blank group(P<0.01).(4)After 1-month drug treatment,the number of lobules and acini in the breast tissue of the Xiaozheng Pill group,the low,medium,and high-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae,the low,medium,and highdose groups of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation decreased,and the duct openings narrowed.With the increase of drug dose,diffuse hyperplasia of breast tissue was significantly improved.(5)The ELISA results showed that compared with the model group,the estrogen level was lower in the medium-dose group of traditional Chinese medicine-bacteria fermentation after the intervention(P<0.05).In addition,the follicle-stimulating hormone level in the low-dose group of Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae was lower than that of the model group(P<0.05).(6)The intervention in the mouse model led to changes in the abundance of short chain fatty acids and intestinal flora in all groups.To conclude,the Compound Herba Gueldenstaedtiae and its probiotic fermentation products significantly improved mammary gland hyperplasia in mice by regulating hormone levels,improving the structure of the gut microbiota,and increasing the content of shortchain fatty acids,providing new ideas and potential sources of drugs for the treatment of breast hyperplasia.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To study the value of serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels in differential diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD). METHODS: To measure serum IGFBP-3 levels by RIA in normal children and adolescents, GHD children and short-stature children without GHD. RESULTS: Serum level of IGFBP-3 in 129 children with untreated GHD and with no pubertal development was 1.6 +/- 0.9 mg/L, which was less than that in normal group of the same age, but overlapped with the normal children in Tanner stage I. After six-month treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), serum level of IGFBP-3 in 59 GHD significantly increased from 1.3 +/- 0.7 mg/L to 2.7 +/- 0.9 mg/L, accompanied by an increase of body heights, growth velocities and serum level of IGF-1. Serum level of IGFBP-3 in 55 short-stature children without GHD was 3.3 +/- 2.2 mg/L, which was not significantly different from that in normal group. CONCLUSION: Serum IGFBP-3 level can reflect the status of GH secretion in children with GHD and is a useful marker for differential diagnosis of GHD.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of leuprolide acetate extended-release microspheres for injection in children with pediatric precocious puberty.Methods:A total of 110 cases of pediatric precocious puberty admitted between January 2019 and December 2021 were selected and randomized into two groups using a random number table,with 55 cases in the control group and 55 cases in the experimental group.The control group received conventional treatment,while the experimental group was treated with leuprolide acetate extended-release microspheres for injection.The therapeutic effects were observed,and changes in sex hormone levels,ovarian volume,growth indices,and the incidence of adverse reactions were statistically compared between the groups.Results:The experimental group demonstrated superior outcomes in terms of sex hormone levels,ovarian volume,and growth indices compared to the control group.Additionally,the incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was significantly lower(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of leuprolide acetate extended-release microspheres for the treatment of pediatric precocious puberty is associated with improved therapeutic effects and higher safety.
基金National Natural Science Fund of China(Grant No.81374067)Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(Grant No.2018ZY002)College Students’Innovation Project(Grant No.IPP20216).
文摘In the present study, the BPH inhibitory activities of Urtica fissa were systematically investigated. Firstly, inhibitory activities of 5α reductase of the alcoholic extracts from different parts(root, stem, leaf, flower and fruit) were evaluated. The results indicated that the root possessed the most significant action. Subsequently, U. fissa root(UFR) was subjected to further pharmacological evaluation using the benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH) model rats induced by testosterone propionate. The results revealed that UFR could significantly decrease the prostate index, alter the hyperplasia tissue morphology, suppress the prostatic growth factors of VEGF, EGF, bF GF and KGF, decrease the inflammation factor levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, improve the activities of GSH-Px, CAT and SOD and decrease the MDA level in the prostate of the model rats. Moreover, UFR also significantly suppressed the hormone levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. These results indicated that the possible BPH inhibitory mechanisms of UFR were growth factor suppression, hormone level modulation, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidative stress.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Project Plan of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shandong Weifang Health Committee(No.064 of 2020).
文摘Background:To study the efficacy of Fujing prescription combined with auricular acupoint application in premature ovarian failure and its effect on hormone levels.Methods:From March 2018 to March 2020,100 patients with premature ovarian failure treated in our outpatient clinic were selected and randomly divided into a control group of 50 cases and a treatment group of 50 cases.The control group was treated with Femoston for 28 consecutive days,and the treatment group was treated with not only Femoston,but also Fujing prescription and auricular acupoint application.The patients in the two groups were treated with a 3-month course of treatment.The clinical efficacy,traditional Chinese medicine integral,serum hormone level,immune index and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the indexes of IgG,IgM and IgA in the treatment group were all increased(P<0.05 for all);compared with the control group,the incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment group was lower(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of Fujing prescription and auricular acupoint application in the treatment of premature ovarian failure can improve patients'clinical symptoms significantly,resulting in a decrease in follicle-stimulating hormone levels and an increase in estrogen levels.The combination of Fujing prescription and acupoint application has provided a clinical basis for the TCM treatment of premature ovarian failure.
文摘Rationale: Levothyroxine is the most commonly used agent in thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Although there are many hypothyroid patients who use levothyroxine as a treatment, high level of thyroid stimulating hormone is found in a limited number of levothyroxine overdose cases worldwide.Patient concern: A 34-year-old male patient taking 4.5 mg levothyroxine for suicide. Diagnosis: Overdose of levothyroxine. Interventions: The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit for follow-up treatment. Cardiac rithym and vital parameters of patient were closely monitored. Outcomes: The patient discharged without any life-threatening complications. Lessons: Patient with initial high thyroid stimulating hormone levels may not be in hyperthyroidism crisis by levothyroxine poisoning.
文摘Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of the combination of enhanced“Shou Tai Wan”soup and progesterone in the treatment of early pre-eclampsia miscarriage.Methods:86 patients with early pre-eclampsia miscarriage in our hospital from July 2021 to July 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 43 cases each.The control group was treated with progesterone,while the study group was treated with an addition of enhanced“Shou Tai Wan”soup.The treatment effects of the two groups and the changes in the inflammatory factor levels and sex hormone levels before and after the treatment were observed.Results:INF-γand Il-2 were lower and IL-4 was higher in the study group than in the control group after treatment(p-value<0.05);the total effective rate of treatment was higher in the study group(95.35%)than in the control group(74.42%),(p-value<0.05);the levels of P,E2 andβ-hCG were higher in the study group than in the control group after treatment(p-value<0.05).Conclusion:The combined application of enhanced“Shou Tai Wan”soup and progesterone in patients with early preterm abortion is more effective by improving the patients’sex hormone levels and reducing the level of inflammatory factors,which is conducive to the improvement of the treatment effect and worthy of promotion.
文摘ObjectiveToanalyze clinica1l and genetic characteristics of congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism(CHH)in children.Methods Clinical data of O-18 year old CHH patients diagnosed in the Department of Endocrinology,Genetics and Metabolism of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from January 1,2016 to December 31,2023 were retrospectively analyzed,including their hormone levels and genetic test results.Results A total of 95 patients with CHH were included.Among them,25 were diagnosed before the age of 3,37 between the ages of 3-14,and 33 were over 14 years old at the time of first diagnosis.The primary manifestations were micropenis(95 cases,100%)and cryptorchidism(46 cases,48.5%).The incidence of cryptorchidism was the lowest in the group over 14 years of age.Hormonal analysis revealed that the peak levels of LH following statin B and GnRH stimulation,the peak levels of FSH after GnRH stimulation,and testosterone levels following hCG stimulation were the highest in the infant group.Genetic analysis identified 20 CHH-related genes in 61 out of 77 cases.Doublegene mutation accounted for 7.8%(6/77)and triple-gene mutation accounted for 3.9%(3/77).The most common mutations were FGFR1(18/77,23.4%),,CHD7(12/77,15.6%),PROKR2(11/77,14.3%)and ANOSI(6/77,7.8%).The incidence of cryptorchidism in these four genotypes was 50%,75%,45.5%and 83.3%,respectively.The incidence of testicular dysfunction was 22.2%,16.7%,27.3%,and 16.7%,respectively,with no statistical significance.Conclusion The primary manifestation of CHH is micropenis and cryptorchidism.In children with CHH,the incidence of testicular Leydig cell and Sertoli cell dysfunction increased with age in CHH children.FCFR1,CHD7,PROKR22andANOS1 are common variants of CHH.
文摘Previous work exploring the interrelationships between sex steroids(e.g.androgens,testosterones and 11-ketotestosterones)and social behavior in teleosts suggest that mirror-elicited aggression in cichlid fish may not trigger a hormonal response.Using the Mozambique tilapia(Oreochromis mossambicus)to analyze immune responses as a result of social stress,we measured levels of cortisol and melatonin using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA)assays.In this work,we demonstrated that cortisol concentrations are significantly lower yet the levels of melatonin remain unchanged in tilapia that are fighting their mirror image.Our results suggested that in tied fights,certain hormone levels remain unchanged(e.g.androgens)due to the lack of melatonin induction.
