This paper addresses the problem of Hopf-flip bifurcation of high dimensional maps. Using the center manifold theorem, we obtain a three dimensional reduced map through the projection technique. The reduced map is fur...This paper addresses the problem of Hopf-flip bifurcation of high dimensional maps. Using the center manifold theorem, we obtain a three dimensional reduced map through the projection technique. The reduced map is further transformed into its normal form whose coefficients are determined by that of the original system. The dynamics of the map near the Hopf-flip bifurcation point is approximated by a so called “time-2τ^2 map” of a planar autonomous differential equation. It is shown that high dimensional maps may result in cycles of period two, tori T^1 （Hopf invariant circles）, tori 2T^1 and tori 2T^2 depending both on how the critical eigenvalues pass the unit circle and on the signs of resonant terms＇ coefficients. A two-degree-of-freedom vibro-impact system is given as an example to show how the procedure of this paper works. It reveals that through Hopf-flip bifurcations, periodic motions may lead directly to different types of motion, such as subharmonic motions, quasi-periodic motions, motions on high dimensional tori and even to chaotic motions depending both on change in direction of the parameter vector and on the nonlinear terms of the first three orders.展开更多
The representation of weak Hopf algebras is studied by investigating the Gorenstein dimensions of weak Hopf algebras and weak Hopf-Galois extensions.Let H be a weak Hopf algebra with a bijective antipode,A a weak righ...The representation of weak Hopf algebras is studied by investigating the Gorenstein dimensions of weak Hopf algebras and weak Hopf-Galois extensions.Let H be a weak Hopf algebra with a bijective antipode,A a weak right H-comodule algebra and B the H-coinvariant subalgebra of A.First,some properties of Gorenstein projective H-modules in the representation category are studied,and the fact that Gorenstein global dimension of H is the same as the Gorenstein projective dimension of its left unital subalgebra is demonstrated.Secondly,by applying the integral theory of weak Hopf algebras,on the one hand,a sufficient and necessary condition that a projective A-module is a projective B-module is given;on the other hand,the separability of the functor AB-and that of the restriction of scalar function B(-)are described,respectively.Finally,as a mean result,the Gorenstein global dimension of a weak Hopf-Galois extension is investigated under the condition that H is both semisimple and cosemisimple.展开更多
基金The project supported by the Nutional Natural Science Foundation of China(10472096)
文摘This paper addresses the problem of Hopf-flip bifurcation of high dimensional maps. Using the center manifold theorem, we obtain a three dimensional reduced map through the projection technique. The reduced map is further transformed into its normal form whose coefficients are determined by that of the original system. The dynamics of the map near the Hopf-flip bifurcation point is approximated by a so called “time-2τ^2 map” of a planar autonomous differential equation. It is shown that high dimensional maps may result in cycles of period two, tori T^1 （Hopf invariant circles）, tori 2T^1 and tori 2T^2 depending both on how the critical eigenvalues pass the unit circle and on the signs of resonant terms＇ coefficients. A two-degree-of-freedom vibro-impact system is given as an example to show how the procedure of this paper works. It reveals that through Hopf-flip bifurcations, periodic motions may lead directly to different types of motion, such as subharmonic motions, quasi-periodic motions, motions on high dimensional tori and even to chaotic motions depending both on change in direction of the parameter vector and on the nonlinear terms of the first three orders.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11601203)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2018M642128)Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province,the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20150113).
文摘The representation of weak Hopf algebras is studied by investigating the Gorenstein dimensions of weak Hopf algebras and weak Hopf-Galois extensions.Let H be a weak Hopf algebra with a bijective antipode,A a weak right H-comodule algebra and B the H-coinvariant subalgebra of A.First,some properties of Gorenstein projective H-modules in the representation category are studied,and the fact that Gorenstein global dimension of H is the same as the Gorenstein projective dimension of its left unital subalgebra is demonstrated.Secondly,by applying the integral theory of weak Hopf algebras,on the one hand,a sufficient and necessary condition that a projective A-module is a projective B-module is given;on the other hand,the separability of the functor AB-and that of the restriction of scalar function B(-)are described,respectively.Finally,as a mean result,the Gorenstein global dimension of a weak Hopf-Galois extension is investigated under the condition that H is both semisimple and cosemisimple.
