The studiy was carried out in Autunm from 1993 to 1995 in Liangshui Natural Reserve in NE China. After eating some seeds, Nuterackers fly over 1 km or more to some area with seeds in its sublingual pouch and cache the...The studiy was carried out in Autunm from 1993 to 1995 in Liangshui Natural Reserve in NE China. After eating some seeds, Nuterackers fly over 1 km or more to some area with seeds in its sublingual pouch and cache the seeds in the ground for future use. Each cache contains 1-7 seeds commonly. Caching habitats are in accord with seedlings sites. The quantities of caching seeds are very large. Caching depth is adaptable for seed germination. The Eurasian Nutcrackers have an important effect on seeds dispersal of Korean pine.展开更多
The impact of insecure attachment on hoarding behavior(HB)has been supported by empirical evidence.However,scant literature has focused on how anthropomorphism(attributing human-like traits,characteristics,or emotions...The impact of insecure attachment on hoarding behavior(HB)has been supported by empirical evidence.However,scant literature has focused on how anthropomorphism(attributing human-like traits,characteristics,or emotions to nonhuman objects)and hoarding beliefs(motivations for ownership)affect the relationship between insecure attachment and HB,especially among Chinese adolescents.Using a cross-sectional study,we reserved 903 participants(561 males,342 females,M=20.20,SD=1.85,age range=18-24 years)to complete self-report questionnaires about close relationships,anthropomorphism,saving beliefs,and saving inventory to investigate the mediating role of anthropomorphism and the moderating role of hoarding beliefs in the relationship between insecure attachment and HB.Attachment anxiety and avoidance had a positive relationship with HB,and anthropomorphism is a mediating factor in the association between attachment anxiety and HB.In addition,hoarding beliefs moderated the relationship between attachment anxiety and HB.This study further elaborated on the relationships between insecure attachment,anthropomorphism,hoarding beliefs,and HB,which might shed some light on adolescent clinical interventions.展开更多
Food hoarding is prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic.To investigate the mechanism of urban consumers’food hoarding behaviors,we categorize hoarding motives into rational and irrational ones.Using random online sur...Food hoarding is prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic.To investigate the mechanism of urban consumers’food hoarding behaviors,we categorize hoarding motives into rational and irrational ones.Using random online survey samples from three cities in China,we employ the multivariate probit model to investigate the rational and irrational motives on food hoarding behavior.Our results confirmed the existence of both rational and irrational food hoarding,and also found factors attributing to the different buying behaviors.The amount of food at hand and the expectation on the infection possibility of COVID-19 are two major factors affecting rational hoarding.Bad mood and herd psychology are factors contributing to panic buying.This study provides an empirical evidence to support intervention policies aiming at mitigating panic buying behavior.展开更多
This study examined the impact of childhood environmental unpredictability on hoarding behavior,focusing on the mediating roles of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance and the moderating role of environmental c...This study examined the impact of childhood environmental unpredictability on hoarding behavior,focusing on the mediating roles of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance and the moderating role of environmental cues.Three studies were con-ducted:Study 1 investigated the effect of childhood environmental unpredictability on hoarding behavior through big data anal-ysis and an experiment;Study 2 tested the mediating effects of attachment anxiety and avoidance,as well as the moderating role of environmental cues,using a two-stage questionnaire;and Study 3 further explored differences in hoarding behavior across attachment styles.Results indicated that childhood environmental unpredictability significantly and positively predicted hoarding behavior,with attachment anxiety and avoidance serving as parallel mediators.Moreover,pandemic-related environmental cues moderated the direct effect of childhood environmental unpredictability on hoarding behavior,with this effect weakening after the cues diminished.These findings provide novel insights into hoarding behavior as an adaptive response to childhood environmental unpredictability,clarify the roles of attachment anxiety and avoidance as adaptive mechanisms,and underscore the influence of current environmental cues in shaping hoarding behavior.展开更多
Deforestation and thinning are human activities that can destabilize the forest ecological system and,consequently,impact significantly on habitat and behavior of forest-dwelling animals.This hypothesis was test...Deforestation and thinning are human activities that can destabilize the forest ecological system and,consequently,impact significantly on habitat and behavior of forest-dwelling animals.This hypothesis was tested in Yugong in the Mount Taihangshan area by comparing the tracks of tagged seeds of Armeniaca sibirica.in sites of unthinned and thinned forests.Our results showed that:(i)the diversity of vegetation and rodents drastically reduced in sites with thinned forests,compared to unthinned sites;(ii)the amount of both removed and scatter-hoarded seeds significantly declined in sites with thinned forests,compared with the unthinned sites;(iii)there was no significant difference observed in the distance of seed dispersal between the thinned and unthinned areas;and(iv)the thinning did not show a significant change to the model of cache size.These results suggested that the thinning of forests negatively influenced the species richness and food-hoarding behavior of rodents.In addition,the results indicated that the weakened scattered-hoarding might be disadvantageous to seedling recruitment and forest restoration.展开更多
Although many studies have been carried out on plant-animal mutualistic assemblages,the roles of functional traits and taxonomy in determining both whether interactions involve mutualisms or predation and the st...Although many studies have been carried out on plant-animal mutualistic assemblages,the roles of functional traits and taxonomy in determining both whether interactions involve mutualisms or predation and the structure of such assemblages are unclear.We used semi-natural enclosures to quantitatively assess the interaction strengths between seeds of 8 sympatric tree species and 4 rodent species in a tropical forest in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan,Southwest China.We found 2 clusters of species in the seed-rodent network represented by 2 genera in the Fagaceae(Castanopsis,Lithocarpus).Compared to seeds of 3 Castanopsis species,seeds with heavy weight,hard coat or caloric content(including 3 Lithocarpus species)were eaten less and more frequently hoarded by rodents.In turn,hoarded seeds showed less predation and more mutualism with rodents.Our results suggest that seed traits significantly affected the hoarding behavior of rodents,and,consequently,the occurrence of mutualisms and predation as well as assemblage structure in the plant-animal seed dispersal system.Taxonomically-related species with similar seed traits as functional groups belong to the same substructures in the assemblage.Our results indicate that both seed traits and taxonomic relationships may simplify thinking about seed dispersal systems by helping to elucidate whether interactions are likely to be dominated by predation or mutualism.展开更多
Animal-mediated seed dispersal is an important ecological process in which a strong mutualism between animals and plants can arise.However,few studies have examined how a community of potential seed dispersers interac...Animal-mediated seed dispersal is an important ecological process in which a strong mutualism between animals and plants can arise.However,few studies have examined how a community of potential seed dispersers interacts with sympatric seed trees.We employed a series of experiments in the Qinling Mountains in both semi-natural enclosure and the field to assess the interactions among 3 sympatric rodent species and 3 Fagaceae tree seeds.Seed traits all showed similar tannin levels but markedly different physical traits and nutritional contents.We found that seeds with heavy weight,thick coat,and high nutritional contents were less likely to be eaten in situ but more often to be eaten after dispersal or hoarded by rodents.These results support both the handling time hypothesis and the high nutrition hypothesis.Surprisingly,we also found that rodents,maybe,preferred to consume seeds with low levels of crude fiber in situ,and to harvest and hoard those with high levels of crude fiber for later consumption.The sympatric rodent species,Cansumys canus,the largest rodent in our study,harvested and hoarded more Quercus variabilis seeds with high physical and nutritional traits,while Apodemus draco,the smallest rodent,harvested more Q.serrata seeds with low physical and nutritional traits,and Niviventer confucianus harvested and hoarded more Q.aliena seeds with medium physical and nutritional traits.Our study demonstrates that different seed traits play different roles in influencing the seed fate and the shaping of mutualism and predation interactions within a community of rodent species.展开更多
文摘The studiy was carried out in Autunm from 1993 to 1995 in Liangshui Natural Reserve in NE China. After eating some seeds, Nuterackers fly over 1 km or more to some area with seeds in its sublingual pouch and cache the seeds in the ground for future use. Each cache contains 1-7 seeds commonly. Caching habitats are in accord with seedlings sites. The quantities of caching seeds are very large. Caching depth is adaptable for seed germination. The Eurasian Nutcrackers have an important effect on seeds dispersal of Korean pine.
文摘The impact of insecure attachment on hoarding behavior(HB)has been supported by empirical evidence.However,scant literature has focused on how anthropomorphism(attributing human-like traits,characteristics,or emotions to nonhuman objects)and hoarding beliefs(motivations for ownership)affect the relationship between insecure attachment and HB,especially among Chinese adolescents.Using a cross-sectional study,we reserved 903 participants(561 males,342 females,M=20.20,SD=1.85,age range=18-24 years)to complete self-report questionnaires about close relationships,anthropomorphism,saving beliefs,and saving inventory to investigate the mediating role of anthropomorphism and the moderating role of hoarding beliefs in the relationship between insecure attachment and HB.Attachment anxiety and avoidance had a positive relationship with HB,and anthropomorphism is a mediating factor in the association between attachment anxiety and HB.In addition,hoarding beliefs moderated the relationship between attachment anxiety and HB.This study further elaborated on the relationships between insecure attachment,anthropomorphism,hoarding beliefs,and HB,which might shed some light on adolescent clinical interventions.
基金The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72003008)the Social Science Funding from Beijing Municipal Education Commission,China(SM201810011002)2017 Beijing High Level Group Building Program,China(IDHT20170505).
文摘Food hoarding is prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic.To investigate the mechanism of urban consumers’food hoarding behaviors,we categorize hoarding motives into rational and irrational ones.Using random online survey samples from three cities in China,we employ the multivariate probit model to investigate the rational and irrational motives on food hoarding behavior.Our results confirmed the existence of both rational and irrational food hoarding,and also found factors attributing to the different buying behaviors.The amount of food at hand and the expectation on the infection possibility of COVID-19 are two major factors affecting rational hoarding.Bad mood and herd psychology are factors contributing to panic buying.This study provides an empirical evidence to support intervention policies aiming at mitigating panic buying behavior.
基金supported by National Social Science Foundation of China(Major Program)(19ZDA021).
文摘This study examined the impact of childhood environmental unpredictability on hoarding behavior,focusing on the mediating roles of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance and the moderating role of environmental cues.Three studies were con-ducted:Study 1 investigated the effect of childhood environmental unpredictability on hoarding behavior through big data anal-ysis and an experiment;Study 2 tested the mediating effects of attachment anxiety and avoidance,as well as the moderating role of environmental cues,using a two-stage questionnaire;and Study 3 further explored differences in hoarding behavior across attachment styles.Results indicated that childhood environmental unpredictability significantly and positively predicted hoarding behavior,with attachment anxiety and avoidance serving as parallel mediators.Moreover,pandemic-related environmental cues moderated the direct effect of childhood environmental unpredictability on hoarding behavior,with this effect weakening after the cues diminished.These findings provide novel insights into hoarding behavior as an adaptive response to childhood environmental unpredictability,clarify the roles of attachment anxiety and avoidance as adaptive mechanisms,and underscore the influence of current environmental cues in shaping hoarding behavior.
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2007CB109106)the Key Research Programs in Colleges and Universities of Henan Province(No.16A180039)the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of Zhengzhou University.
文摘Deforestation and thinning are human activities that can destabilize the forest ecological system and,consequently,impact significantly on habitat and behavior of forest-dwelling animals.This hypothesis was tested in Yugong in the Mount Taihangshan area by comparing the tracks of tagged seeds of Armeniaca sibirica.in sites of unthinned and thinned forests.Our results showed that:(i)the diversity of vegetation and rodents drastically reduced in sites with thinned forests,compared to unthinned sites;(ii)the amount of both removed and scatter-hoarded seeds significantly declined in sites with thinned forests,compared with the unthinned sites;(iii)there was no significant difference observed in the distance of seed dispersal between the thinned and unthinned areas;and(iv)the thinning did not show a significant change to the model of cache size.These results suggested that the thinning of forests negatively influenced the species richness and food-hoarding behavior of rodents.In addition,the results indicated that the weakened scattered-hoarding might be disadvantageous to seedling recruitment and forest restoration.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31071929,30930016)the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-EW-N-05).
文摘Although many studies have been carried out on plant-animal mutualistic assemblages,the roles of functional traits and taxonomy in determining both whether interactions involve mutualisms or predation and the structure of such assemblages are unclear.We used semi-natural enclosures to quantitatively assess the interaction strengths between seeds of 8 sympatric tree species and 4 rodent species in a tropical forest in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan,Southwest China.We found 2 clusters of species in the seed-rodent network represented by 2 genera in the Fagaceae(Castanopsis,Lithocarpus).Compared to seeds of 3 Castanopsis species,seeds with heavy weight,hard coat or caloric content(including 3 Lithocarpus species)were eaten less and more frequently hoarded by rodents.In turn,hoarded seeds showed less predation and more mutualism with rodents.Our results suggest that seed traits significantly affected the hoarding behavior of rodents,and,consequently,the occurrence of mutualisms and predation as well as assemblage structure in the plant-animal seed dispersal system.Taxonomically-related species with similar seed traits as functional groups belong to the same substructures in the assemblage.Our results indicate that both seed traits and taxonomic relationships may simplify thinking about seed dispersal systems by helping to elucidate whether interactions are likely to be dominated by predation or mutualism.
基金Funds were provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172436,31901085,31100283)the Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation(2021JQ-841)+3 种基金the Shaanxi Key Research and Development Program(2021NY-042)the Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Academy of Sciences(2018K-04,2020K-21)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Shaanxi Academy of Forestry(SXLK2020-0209)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP,2019QZKK0501).
文摘Animal-mediated seed dispersal is an important ecological process in which a strong mutualism between animals and plants can arise.However,few studies have examined how a community of potential seed dispersers interacts with sympatric seed trees.We employed a series of experiments in the Qinling Mountains in both semi-natural enclosure and the field to assess the interactions among 3 sympatric rodent species and 3 Fagaceae tree seeds.Seed traits all showed similar tannin levels but markedly different physical traits and nutritional contents.We found that seeds with heavy weight,thick coat,and high nutritional contents were less likely to be eaten in situ but more often to be eaten after dispersal or hoarded by rodents.These results support both the handling time hypothesis and the high nutrition hypothesis.Surprisingly,we also found that rodents,maybe,preferred to consume seeds with low levels of crude fiber in situ,and to harvest and hoard those with high levels of crude fiber for later consumption.The sympatric rodent species,Cansumys canus,the largest rodent in our study,harvested and hoarded more Quercus variabilis seeds with high physical and nutritional traits,while Apodemus draco,the smallest rodent,harvested more Q.serrata seeds with low physical and nutritional traits,and Niviventer confucianus harvested and hoarded more Q.aliena seeds with medium physical and nutritional traits.Our study demonstrates that different seed traits play different roles in influencing the seed fate and the shaping of mutualism and predation interactions within a community of rodent species.
