Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for renewable energy storage,yet their practical deployment in subzero environments remains challenging due to electrolyte freezing and dendritic growth.Alth...Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for renewable energy storage,yet their practical deployment in subzero environments remains challenging due to electrolyte freezing and dendritic growth.Although organic additives can enhance the antifreeze properties of electrolytes,their weak polarity diminishes ionic conductivity,and their flammability poses safety concerns,undermining the inherent advantages of aqueous systems.Herein,we present a cost-effective and highly stable Na_(2)SO_(4)additive introduced into a Zn(ClO_(4))2-based electrolyte to create an organic-free antifreeze electrolyte.Through Raman spectroscopy,in situ optical microscopy,densityfunctional theory computations,and molecular dynamics simulations,we demonstrate that Na+ions improve low-temperature electrolyte performance and mitigate dendrite formation by regulating uniform Zn^(2+)deposition through preferential adsorption and electrostatic interactions.As a result,the Zn||Zn cells using this electrolyte achieve a remarkable cycling life of 360 h at-40℃ with 61% depth of discharge,and the Zn||PANI cells retained an ultrahigh capacity retention of 91%even after 8000 charge/discharge cycles at-40℃.This work proposes a cost-effective and practical approach for enhancing the long-term operational stability of AZMBs in low-temperature environments.展开更多
Sintering and coking are critical barriers to achieving high performance in dry reforming of methane(DRM)catalysts.A finely dispersed and thermostable Ni-based catalyst is the key to address these issues.By leveraging...Sintering and coking are critical barriers to achieving high performance in dry reforming of methane(DRM)catalysts.A finely dispersed and thermostable Ni-based catalyst is the key to address these issues.By leveraging the intrinsic superiorities of high-entropy oxides in high-temperature stability and low atomic diffusivity,in this study,a highly dispersed Ni-based catalyst is synthesized via an entropycontrolled exsolution of active components.By increasing the number of transition-metal elements in spinel oxides,the active metalsupport interaction(MSI)can be continuously strengthened,which controls the exsolution and thermal stability of Ni-based active metal in harsh reaction conditions of DRM.An optimized medium-entropy spinel(Mg_(0.4)Ni_(0.2)Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.2))Al_(2)O_(4)with the exsolution of finely dispersed Ni–Co nanoparticles displayed superior activity and stability in thermal DRM at 800°C and photothermal DRM.This entropy-controlled MSI and exsolution principle provides a significant strategy for designing robust catalysts resistant to sintering and coking for high-temperature reactions like DRM in thermal and photothermal systems.展开更多
Owing to their good biocompatibility,polysaccharide hydrogels have broad application prospects in the field of flexible strain sensors.However,there are still significant challenges in the preparation of polysaccharid...Owing to their good biocompatibility,polysaccharide hydrogels have broad application prospects in the field of flexible strain sensors.However,there are still significant challenges in the preparation of polysaccharide hydrogels with good mechanical properties.MCA-Li Cl hydrogels were prepared by introducing methacrylated hyaluronic acid(Me HA)into the polymer network in the presence of acrylic acid(AA),acryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(CATAC),and metal ions.The polymer network not only has a chemically cross-linked network and a tough network structure,but also benefits from a variety of supramolecular interactions,such as hydrogen bonding and coordination covalent bonding,resulting in excellent mechanical properties,with an elongation at break of 1390%,a tensile strength of up to 1200 k Pa,a toughness of 9.4546 MJ/m^(3),and adhesive properties towards various substrates.At the same time,the hydrogel has a high conductivity(5.33 mS/cm)and high strain-sensing sensitivity(Gauge factor=2.55).The flexible strain sensor assembled from the prepared MCA-Li Cl hydrogel can be used to detect human movements,from micro-expressions(smiles,swallowing)to pulse signals and other physiological activities,as well as large-scale joint movements(wrists,elbows,knees,fingers,etc.),realizing the real-time monitoring of full-scale human movements.The prepared hydrogels have potential applications in wearable devices,electronic skin,and strain-sensor components.展开更多
Reducing high overpotentials in the alkaline water reduction reaction is critical for renewable hydrogen storage.Here,we report a dual-site catalytic center comprising oxygen-bridging Fe^(-)OH and Ni-O(FeOHO-NiO)with ...Reducing high overpotentials in the alkaline water reduction reaction is critical for renewable hydrogen storage.Here,we report a dual-site catalytic center comprising oxygen-bridging Fe^(-)OH and Ni-O(FeOHO-NiO)with Pt-like activity,where frustrated Fe^(-)OH Lewis acid and Ni-O Lewis base generate a strong electrostatic field to promote water dissociation(Volmer step:H_(2)O+e^(-)→H_(ad)^(*)+OH^(-)).The resulting H_(ad)^(*)adsorbs on Ni-O,forming Ni-OH_(ad),while Fe^(-)OH and Ni-OH_(ad) synergistically drive the Heyrovsky step(H_(ad)^(*)+H_(2)O+e^(-)→^(*)H_(2)+OH^(-))to produce H_(2).This process achieves ultralow overpotential(52 mV@10 mA cm^(-2))and exceptional stability(>1000 h@300 mA cm^(-2)),offering a design strategy for low-cost and high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts.展开更多
Dear Editor,The highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses(HPAIVs)are important epizootic and zoonotic pathogens that cause significant economic losses to the poultry industry and pose a serious risk to veterinary and ...Dear Editor,The highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses(HPAIVs)are important epizootic and zoonotic pathogens that cause significant economic losses to the poultry industry and pose a serious risk to veterinary and public health.Wild birds have been recognized as the primary reservoirs for influenza A virus,and some species show little sign of clinical disease or even can be asymptomatic during long distance carriers of the virus(Lycett et al.,2019).Since it was first discovered in 1959,the H5Nx HPAIVs have spread globally and cause outbreaks in wild birds,poultry and sporadic human and other mammalian infections(Lycett et al.,2019).Due to the reassortant events of diverse strains facilitated by migratory waterfowl,the clade 2.3.4.4 of H5Nx viruses acquiring neuraminidase(NA)gene from other low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses(LPAIVs)emerged in 2014 and gradually became the dominant sub-clade(Lee et al.,2017).展开更多
The Early Cambrian Yuertusi Formation(Є_(1)y)in the Tarim Basin of China deposits a continuously developed suite of organic-rich black mudstones,which constitute an important source of oil and gas reservoirs in the Pa...The Early Cambrian Yuertusi Formation(Є_(1)y)in the Tarim Basin of China deposits a continuously developed suite of organic-rich black mudstones,which constitute an important source of oil and gas reservoirs in the Paleozoic.However,its hydrocarbon generation and evolution characteristics and resource potential have long been constrained by deeply buried strata and previous research.In this paper,based on the newly obtained ultra-deep well drilling data,the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion model ofЄ_(1)y shale was established by using data-driven Monte Carlo simulation,upon which the hydrocarbon generation,expulsion,and retention amounts were calculated by using the diagenetic method.The research indicates that theЄ_(1)y shale reaches the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion threshold at equivalent vitrinite reflectances of 0.46%and 0.72%,respectively.The cumulative hydrocarbon generation is 68.88×10^(10)t,the cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion is 35.59×10^(10)t,and the cumulative residual hydrocarbon is 33.29×10^(10)t.This paper systematically and quantitatively calculates the hydrocarbon expulsion at various key geological periods for theЄ_(1)y source rocks in the study area for the first time,more precisely confirming that the black shale of theЄ_(1)y is the most significant source rock contributing to the marine oil and gas resources in the Tarim Basin,filling the gap in hydrocarbon expulsion calculation in the study area,and providing an important basis for the formation and distribution of Paleozoic hydrocarbon reservoirs.The prospect of deep ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in the Tarim Basin is promising.Especially,the large area of dolomite reservoirs under the Cambrian salt and source rock interiors are the key breakthrough targets for the next exploration in the Tarim Basin.展开更多
Both fractional crystallization and fluid-melt-crystal interaction are involved in the formation of highly fractionated granites.This paper assessed those two processes using geochemistry of muscovite and tourmaline a...Both fractional crystallization and fluid-melt-crystal interaction are involved in the formation of highly fractionated granites.This paper assessed those two processes using geochemistry of muscovite and tourmaline and bulkrock chemistry of multi-phase Wangxianling granitoids,South China.Compositional variations suggest the coarse-grained muscovite granite is produced from fractional crystallization of the two-mica granite whereas the fine-grained muscovite granite represents a distinct magma pulse.Progressive fractionation of quartz,feldspar and biotite leads to elevated boron and aluminum content in melt which promoted muscovite and tourmaline to crystallize,which promotes two-mica granite evolving towards tourmaline-bearing muscovite granite.Fluid-melt-crystal interaction occurred at the magmatichydrothermal transitional stage and resulted in the textural and chemical zonings of tourmaline and muscovite in finegrained muscovite granite.The rims of both tourmaline and muscovite are characterized by the enrichment of fluid mobile elements such as Li,Mn,Cs and Zn and heavierδ^(11)B values of the tourmaline rims(-15.0‰to-13.6‰)compared to cores(-15.7‰to-14.3‰).Meanwhile,significant M-type REE tetrad effects(TE_(1,3)=1.07-1.18)and low K/Rb ratios(48-52)also correspond to fluid-melt-crystal interaction.This study shows zoned muscovite and tourmaline can be excellent tracers of fractional crystallization and late-stage fluid-melt-crystal interaction in highly evolved magmatic systems.展开更多
Highly transparent,durable,and flexible liquid-repellent coatings are urgently needed in the realm of transparent materials,such as car windows,optical lenses,solar panels,and flexible screen materials.However,it has ...Highly transparent,durable,and flexible liquid-repellent coatings are urgently needed in the realm of transparent materials,such as car windows,optical lenses,solar panels,and flexible screen materials.However,it has been difficult to strike a balance between the robustness and flexibility of coatings constructed by a single cross-linked network design.To overcome the conundrum,this innovative approach effectively combines two distinct cross-linked networks with unique functions,thus overcoming the challenge.Through a tightly interwoven structure comprised of added crosslinking sites,the coating achieves improved liquid repellency(WCA>100°,OSA<10°),increased durability(withstands 2,000 cycles of cotton wear),enhanced flexibility(endures 5,000 cycles of bending with a bending radius of 1 mm),and maintains high transparency(over 98%in the range of 410 nm to 760 nm).Additionally,the coating with remarkable adhesion can be applied to multiple substrates,enabling large-scale preparation and easy cycling coating,thus expanding its potential applications.The architecture of this fluoride-free dual cross-linked network not only advances liquid-repellent surfaces but also provides valuable insights for the development of eco-friendly materials in the future.展开更多
Schottky mass spectrometry utilizing heavy-ion storage rings is a powerful technique for the precise mass and decay half-life measurements of highly charged ions.Owing to the nondestructive ion detection features of S...Schottky mass spectrometry utilizing heavy-ion storage rings is a powerful technique for the precise mass and decay half-life measurements of highly charged ions.Owing to the nondestructive ion detection features of Schottky noise detectors,the number of stored ions in the ring is determined by the peak area in the measured revolution frequency spectrum.Because of their intrinsic amplitude-frequency characteristic(AFC),Schottky detector systems exhibit varying sensitivities at different frequencies.Using low-energy electron-cooled stored ions,a new method is developed to calibrate the AFC curve of the Schottky detector system of the Experimental Cooler Storage Ring(CSRe)storage ring located in Lanzhou,China.Using the amplitude-calibrated frequency spectrum,a notable refinement was observed in the precision of both the peak position and peak area.As a result,the storage lifetimes of the electron-cooled fully ionized^(56)Fe^(26+)ions were determined with high precision at beam energies of 13.7 and 116.4 MeV/u,despite of frequency drifts during the experiment.When electron cooling was turned off,the effective vacuum condition experienced by the 116.4 MeV/u^(56)Fe^(26+)ions was determined using amplitude-calibrated spectra,revealing a value of 2×10^(−10)mbar,which is consistent with vacuum gauge readings along the CSRe ring.The method reported herein will be adapted for the next-generation storage ring of the HIAF facility under construction in Huizhou,China.It can also be adapted to other storage ring facilities worldwide to improve precision and enhance lifetime measurements using many ions in the ring.展开更多
In this paper,we focus on peaked traveling wave solutions of the modified highly nonlinear Novikov equation by dynamical systems approach.We obtain a traveling wave system which is a singular planar dynamical system w...In this paper,we focus on peaked traveling wave solutions of the modified highly nonlinear Novikov equation by dynamical systems approach.We obtain a traveling wave system which is a singular planar dynamical system with three singular straight lines,and derive all possible phase portraits under corresponding parameter conditions.Then we show the existence and dynamics of two types of peaked traveling wave solutions including peakons and periodic cusp wave solutions.The exact explicit expressions of two peakons are given.Besides,we also derive smooth solitary wave solutions,periodic wave solutions,compacton solutions,and kink-like(antikink-like)solutions.Numerical simulations are further performed to verify the correctness of the results.Most importantly,peakons and periodic cusp wave solutions are newly found for the equation,which extends the previous results.展开更多
The nitrogen-coordinated metal single-atom catalysts(M−N−C SACs)with an ultra-high metal loading synthetized by direct high-temperature pyrolysis have been widely reported.However,most of metal single atoms in these c...The nitrogen-coordinated metal single-atom catalysts(M−N−C SACs)with an ultra-high metal loading synthetized by direct high-temperature pyrolysis have been widely reported.However,most of metal single atoms in these catalysts were buried in the carbon matrix,resulting in a low metal utilization and inaccessibility for adsorption of reactants during the catalytic process.Herein,we reported a facile synthesis based on the hard-soft acid-base(HSAB)theory to fabricate Co single-atom catalysts with highly exposed metal atoms ligated to the external pyridinic-N sites of a nitrogen-doped carbon support.Benefiting from the highly accessible Co active sites,the prepared Co−N−C SAC exhibited a superior oxygen reduction reactivity comparable to that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst,showing a high turnover frequency(TOF)of 0.93 e^(−)·s^(-1)·site^(-1)at 0.85 V vs.RHE,far exceeding those of some representative SACs with a ultra-high metal content.This work provides a rational strategy to design and prepare M−N−C single-atom catalysts featured with high site-accessibility and site-density.展开更多
Organometallic perovskite single crystals have been considered one of the most promising candidates for photodetection applications,owing to their grain-boundary-free structure and improved optoelectronic properties.H...Organometallic perovskite single crystals have been considered one of the most promising candidates for photodetection applications,owing to their grain-boundary-free structure and improved optoelectronic properties.However,several challenges still remain for the application of perovskite single crystals in photodetectors,in particular the thickness and area controls and poor compatibility with substrates.Herein,we report a straightforward fabrication process for realizing large-area(up to 100 cm^(2))and highly textured single-crystal-like MAPbBr3 films by combining inverse-temperature crystallization with a hot-pressing process.Thanks to the following hot-pressing treatment,the obtained perovskites can be effectively integrated onto the FTO substrates without falling,facilitating electrical connections and device integration.The obtained MAPbBr_(3) exhibits a low trap density of 1.4×10^(11) cm^(-3) and a high mobility of 217 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1)(with a high mobility-lifetime product of up to 5.4×10^(-4)cm^(2)·V^(-1)).The resulting photodiodes exhibit the self-powered capability and show a maximum responsivity approaching 944 mA·W^(-1),a champion detectivity exceeding 1011 Jones,and a fast photoresponse of 45 ms,together with excellent stability.This study constitutes a demonstration of highly textured,largearea perovskite photodiodes integrated sturdily onto FTO substrates and paves the way for various practical applications,such as optical imaging technology.展开更多
Anode active materials involving transition metal oxides and sulfides are of great significance for high energy density lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),but the huge volume expansion and inferior electronic conductivity up...Anode active materials involving transition metal oxides and sulfides are of great significance for high energy density lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),but the huge volume expansion and inferior electronic conductivity upon cycling critically constrain their further application.Herein,from a new perspective,a highly conductive and stable 3D flexible composite current collector is rationally designed by facilely electrodepositing metallic Ni thin layer onto the carbon cloth(CC/Ni),which endows the supported active materials with exceptional electronic conductivity and structural stability.In addition,the homogeneously distributed metallic Ni protrusions external CC can strongly bond with the active components,ensuring the structural integrity of electrodes upon cycling.More importantly,the 3D network structure with large specific surface area provides abundant space to alleviate the volume expansion and more active sites for electrochemical reactions.Therefore,taking Ni_(3)S_(2)nanosheet(Ni_(3)S_(2)NS)anode as an example,the prepared Ni_(3)S_(2)NS@CC/Ni electrode shows a high specific capacity of 2.32 mAh/cm^(2)at 1mA/cm^(2)and high capacity retention of 1.68 mAh/cm^(2)at a high rate of 8mA/cm^(2).This study provides a universal approach to obtain highly conductive and stable 3D flexible current collectors towards high performance metal-ion batteries beyond LIBs.展开更多
This study aims to identify the highly non-specific toxic by-products during ozonation of three cresols in wastewater.In ozonated effluents,biotoxicity increased along with increasing reaction time,followed by a gradu...This study aims to identify the highly non-specific toxic by-products during ozonation of three cresols in wastewater.In ozonated effluents,biotoxicity increased along with increasing reaction time,followed by a gradual decrease.The peak biotoxicity for ozonated o-cresol(o-C),m-cresol(m-C),and p-cresol(p-C)was estimated to be 17.4,14.8 and 5.5 times higher than that of untreated wastewater,respectively.A redox-directed approach with high-resolution mass spectrometry detection and toxicity prediction revealed that monomeric para-benzoquinones(p-BQs),hydroxylated p-BQs,and dimeric p-BQs in ozonated cresols were the primary contributors to the increased toxicity.Calculations based on density functional theory indicated formation pathways of p-BQs byproducts,e.g.,the formation of 2-methyl-p-benzoquinone was likely induced by ozone molecules rather than hydroxyl radicals in ozonated o-C and m-C,and the formation of p-BQs during ozonation of p-C was attributed to the oxidation of methyl group to carboxyl group and subsequent decarboxylation initiated by hydroxyl radicals.Electron paramagnetic resonance and spin density calculation showed that the presence of carbon-centered cresoxyl radicals was responsible for dimeric p-BQs formation.Collectively,these results underscore significant contribution of non-halogenated p-BQs to non-specific toxicity increase in ozonated effluents.展开更多
The adsorption of pollutants can not only promote the direct surface reaction,but also modify the catalyst itself to improve its photoelectric characteristics,which is rarely studied for water treatment with inorganic...The adsorption of pollutants can not only promote the direct surface reaction,but also modify the catalyst itself to improve its photoelectric characteristics,which is rarely studied for water treatment with inorganic photocatalyst.A highly crystalline BiOBr(c-BiOBr)was synthesized by a two-step preparation process.Owing to the calcination,the highly crystalline enhanced the interface interaction between pollutant and c-BiOBr.The complex of organic pollutant and[Bi_(2)O_(2)]^(2+)could promote the active electron transfer from the adsorbed pollutant to c-BiOBr for the direct pollutant degradation by holes(h^(+)).Moreover,the pollutant adsorption actually modified c-BiOBr and promoted more unpaired electrons,which would coupling with the photoexcitation to promote generate more O_(2)^(•-).The molecular modification effect derived from pollutant adsorption significantly improved the removal of pollutants.This work strongly deepens the understanding of the molecularmodification effect from the pollutant adsorption and develops a novel and efficient approach for water treatment.展开更多
Unstable Zn interface caused by rampant dendrite growth and parasitic side reactions always hinders the practical application of aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs),Herein,tyrosine(Tyr)with high molecular polarity was...Unstable Zn interface caused by rampant dendrite growth and parasitic side reactions always hinders the practical application of aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs),Herein,tyrosine(Tyr)with high molecular polarity was introduced into aqueous electrolyte to modulate the interfacial electrochemistry of Zn anode.In AZMBs,the positively charged side of Tyr can be well adsorbed on the surface of Zn anode to form a water-poor layer,and the exposed carboxylate side can be easily coordinated with Zn^(2+),favoring inducing uniform plating of Zn^(2+)and inhibiting the occurrence of water-induced side reactions.These in turn enable the achievement of highly stable Zn anode.Accordingly,the Zn anodes achieve outstanding cyclic stability(3000 h at 2 mA cm^(-2),2 mA h cm^(-2)and 1300 h at 5 mA cm^(-2),5 mA h cm^(-2)),high average Coulombic efficiency(99.4%over 3200 cycles),and high depth of discharge(80%for 500 h).Besides,the assembled Zn‖NaV_(3)O_(8)·1.5H_(2)O full cells deliver remarkable capacity retention and ultra-long lifetime(61.8%over 6650 cycles at 5 A g^(-1))and enhanced rate capability(169 mA h g^(-1)at 5 A g^(-1)).The work may promote the design and deep understanding of electrolyte additives with high molecular polarity for high-performance AZMBs.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the ocular biological characteristics of children with myopia and rapid axial length(AL)changes prescribed spectacles with highly aspherical lenslets(HAL).METHODS:Data were collected from 156 childr...AIM:To investigate the ocular biological characteristics of children with myopia and rapid axial length(AL)changes prescribed spectacles with highly aspherical lenslets(HAL).METHODS:Data were collected from 156 children(252 eyes)with myopia and HAL treatment who were aged 7-13 and had rapid AL changes.The participants were divided into groups with AL reduction and elongation according to the changes in AL within 6mo.Paired t-tests were used to compare the ocular biological parameters at baseline and after rapid changes post-HAL treatment.Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to determine the association between the ocular parameters and AL changes.RESULTS:The ocular biological parameters significantly changed in the children with myopia and rapid AL changes after HAL treatment.In the group with AL reduction,the anterior chamber depth(ACD)and vitreous chamber depth(VCD)decreased.The crystalline lens thickness(CLT)increased,corneal flat keratometry(FK)decreased,and steep keratometry(SK)increased(all P<0.001).The eyes in the group with AL elongation had increased ACD and VCD and steepened SK,but the CLT or FK findings were not different.AL change was negatively associated with baseline astigmatism(r=-0.171;P=0.007).CONCLUSION:In the eyes with HAL treatment,decreased ACD and VCD,thickened CLT,flattened FK,and steepened SK are observed during AL reduction.Lower baseline astigmatism is associated with AL reduction.The AL reduction may suggest the potential efficacy of HAL intervention in myopia control,while providing evidence for optimizing personalized myopia management strategies.Further longitudinal studies are warranted to validate whether rapid AL changes predict sustained treatment efficacy.展开更多
Against the backdrop of new quality productivity driving high-quality economic development,this paper examines how technological innovation,digital transformation,and green development reshape the competencies and tra...Against the backdrop of new quality productivity driving high-quality economic development,this paper examines how technological innovation,digital transformation,and green development reshape the competencies and training models of highly skilled talent.It analyzes multidimensional characteristics,including knowledge structure,innovation awareness,digital literacy,and cross-boundary collaboration,revealing a shift towards“innovative,composite,and intelligent”profiles.The study identifies misalignments in current vocational education,such as outdated curricula and insufficient industry-education integration.It proposes innovative training paths,including deep industry-education collaboration,digital-intelligent teaching,and lifelong learning ecosystems.Case studies validate the feasibility of aligning talent development with new quality productivity demands.展开更多
The BZ oilfield in the Bohai Sea is a rare,highly volatile reservoir with fractures in the metamorphic rocks of buried hills.Clarifying the mechanism of gas injection for improving oil recovery and determining the opt...The BZ oilfield in the Bohai Sea is a rare,highly volatile reservoir with fractures in the metamorphic rocks of buried hills.Clarifying the mechanism of gas injection for improving oil recovery and determining the optimal way to deploy injection-production well networks are critical issues that must be urgently addressed for efficient oilfield development.Experimental research on the mixed-phase displacement mechanism through gas injection into indoor formation fluids was conducted to guide the efficient development of gas injection in oil fields.We established a model of dual-medium reservoir composition and researched the deployment strategy for a three-dimensional well network for gas injection development.The coupling relationship between key influencing factors of the well network and fracture development was also quantitatively analyzed.The results show that the solubility of the associated gas and strong volatile oil system injected into the BZ oilfield is high.This high solubility demonstrates a mixed-phase displacement mechanism involving intermediate hydrocarbons,dissolution and condensation of medium components,and coexistence of extraction processes.Injecting gas and crude oil can achieve a favorable mixing effect when the local formation pressure is greater than 35.79 MPa.Associated gas reinjection is recommended to supplement energy for developing the highly volatile oil reservoirs in the fractured buried hills of the BZ oilfield.This recommendation involves fully utilizing the structural position and gravity-assisted oil displacement mechanism to deploy an injection-production well network.Gas injection points should be constructed at the top of high areas,and oil production points should be placed at the middle and lower parts of low areas.This approach forms a spatial threedimensional well network.By adopting high inclination well development,the oil production well forms a 45°angle with the fracture direction,which increases the drainage area and enhances single-well production capacity.The optimal injection-production well spacing along the fracture direction is approximately 1000 m,while the reasonable well spacing in the vertical fracture direction is approximately 800 m.The research results were applied to the development practice of the buried hills in the BZ oilfield,which achieved favorable development results.These outcomes provide a valuable reference for the formulation of development plans and efficient gas injection development in similar oil and gas fields in buried hills.展开更多
Investigation of thermal effects on the strain rate-dependent properties of compacted bentonite is crucial for the long-term safety assessment of deep geological repository for disposal of high-level radioactive waste...Investigation of thermal effects on the strain rate-dependent properties of compacted bentonite is crucial for the long-term safety assessment of deep geological repository for disposal of high-level radioactive waste.In the present work,cylindrical GMZ01 bentonite specimens were compacted with suction-controlled by the vapor equilibrium technique.Then,a series of temperature-and suction-controlled stepwise constant rate of strain(CRS)tests was performed and the rate-dependent compressibility behavior of the highly compacted GMZ01 bentonite was investigated.The plastic compressibility parameterλ,the elastic compressibility parameterκ,the yield stress p0,as well as the viscous parameterαwere determined.Results indicate thatλ,κandαdecrease and p0 increases as suction increases.Upon heating,parametersλ,αand p0 decrease.It is also found that p0 increases linearly with increasing CRS in a double-logarithm coordinate.Based on the experimental results,a viscosity parameterα(s,T)was fitted to capture the effects of suction s and temperature T on the relationship between yield stress and strain rate.Then,an elastic-thermo-viscoplastic model for unsaturated soils was developed to describe the thermal effects on the rate-dependent behavior of highly compacted GMZ01 bentonite.Validation showed that the calculated results agreed well to the measured ones.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52377206,52307237)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(YQ2024E046)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(LBH-TZ2413,LBH-Z23198)。
文摘Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for renewable energy storage,yet their practical deployment in subzero environments remains challenging due to electrolyte freezing and dendritic growth.Although organic additives can enhance the antifreeze properties of electrolytes,their weak polarity diminishes ionic conductivity,and their flammability poses safety concerns,undermining the inherent advantages of aqueous systems.Herein,we present a cost-effective and highly stable Na_(2)SO_(4)additive introduced into a Zn(ClO_(4))2-based electrolyte to create an organic-free antifreeze electrolyte.Through Raman spectroscopy,in situ optical microscopy,densityfunctional theory computations,and molecular dynamics simulations,we demonstrate that Na+ions improve low-temperature electrolyte performance and mitigate dendrite formation by regulating uniform Zn^(2+)deposition through preferential adsorption and electrostatic interactions.As a result,the Zn||Zn cells using this electrolyte achieve a remarkable cycling life of 360 h at-40℃ with 61% depth of discharge,and the Zn||PANI cells retained an ultrahigh capacity retention of 91%even after 8000 charge/discharge cycles at-40℃.This work proposes a cost-effective and practical approach for enhancing the long-term operational stability of AZMBs in low-temperature environments.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFB4104600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52572313)+1 种基金Tangshan Talent Funding Project(A202202007)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission under Grant No.20231120185819001。
文摘Sintering and coking are critical barriers to achieving high performance in dry reforming of methane(DRM)catalysts.A finely dispersed and thermostable Ni-based catalyst is the key to address these issues.By leveraging the intrinsic superiorities of high-entropy oxides in high-temperature stability and low atomic diffusivity,in this study,a highly dispersed Ni-based catalyst is synthesized via an entropycontrolled exsolution of active components.By increasing the number of transition-metal elements in spinel oxides,the active metalsupport interaction(MSI)can be continuously strengthened,which controls the exsolution and thermal stability of Ni-based active metal in harsh reaction conditions of DRM.An optimized medium-entropy spinel(Mg_(0.4)Ni_(0.2)Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.2))Al_(2)O_(4)with the exsolution of finely dispersed Ni–Co nanoparticles displayed superior activity and stability in thermal DRM at 800°C and photothermal DRM.This entropy-controlled MSI and exsolution principle provides a significant strategy for designing robust catalysts resistant to sintering and coking for high-temperature reactions like DRM in thermal and photothermal systems.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22271074)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Nos.B2023208042,B2022208032,B2021208066,E2024208084,and E2024208088)+2 种基金Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(No.JZX2024013)Special Fund for Local Scientific and Technological Development under the Guidance of the Central Government(No.236Z3704G)Hebei Province High Level Talent Funding(No.A202001010)。
文摘Owing to their good biocompatibility,polysaccharide hydrogels have broad application prospects in the field of flexible strain sensors.However,there are still significant challenges in the preparation of polysaccharide hydrogels with good mechanical properties.MCA-Li Cl hydrogels were prepared by introducing methacrylated hyaluronic acid(Me HA)into the polymer network in the presence of acrylic acid(AA),acryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(CATAC),and metal ions.The polymer network not only has a chemically cross-linked network and a tough network structure,but also benefits from a variety of supramolecular interactions,such as hydrogen bonding and coordination covalent bonding,resulting in excellent mechanical properties,with an elongation at break of 1390%,a tensile strength of up to 1200 k Pa,a toughness of 9.4546 MJ/m^(3),and adhesive properties towards various substrates.At the same time,the hydrogel has a high conductivity(5.33 mS/cm)and high strain-sensing sensitivity(Gauge factor=2.55).The flexible strain sensor assembled from the prepared MCA-Li Cl hydrogel can be used to detect human movements,from micro-expressions(smiles,swallowing)to pulse signals and other physiological activities,as well as large-scale joint movements(wrists,elbows,knees,fingers,etc.),realizing the real-time monitoring of full-scale human movements.The prepared hydrogels have potential applications in wearable devices,electronic skin,and strain-sensor components.
基金supported primarily by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Carbon Emission Peak and Carbon Neutrality of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2022028-1)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos 52272217,51872135,22372078,51572121,and 21633004)。
文摘Reducing high overpotentials in the alkaline water reduction reaction is critical for renewable hydrogen storage.Here,we report a dual-site catalytic center comprising oxygen-bridging Fe^(-)OH and Ni-O(FeOHO-NiO)with Pt-like activity,where frustrated Fe^(-)OH Lewis acid and Ni-O Lewis base generate a strong electrostatic field to promote water dissociation(Volmer step:H_(2)O+e^(-)→H_(ad)^(*)+OH^(-)).The resulting H_(ad)^(*)adsorbs on Ni-O,forming Ni-OH_(ad),while Fe^(-)OH and Ni-OH_(ad) synergistically drive the Heyrovsky step(H_(ad)^(*)+H_(2)O+e^(-)→^(*)H_(2)+OH^(-))to produce H_(2).This process achieves ultralow overpotential(52 mV@10 mA cm^(-2))and exceptional stability(>1000 h@300 mA cm^(-2)),offering a design strategy for low-cost and high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts.
基金supported by Zhejiang Province Science and Technology Cooperation Project of“Three Rural and Nine Parties”(grant number 2023SNJF059).
文摘Dear Editor,The highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses(HPAIVs)are important epizootic and zoonotic pathogens that cause significant economic losses to the poultry industry and pose a serious risk to veterinary and public health.Wild birds have been recognized as the primary reservoirs for influenza A virus,and some species show little sign of clinical disease or even can be asymptomatic during long distance carriers of the virus(Lycett et al.,2019).Since it was first discovered in 1959,the H5Nx HPAIVs have spread globally and cause outbreaks in wild birds,poultry and sporadic human and other mammalian infections(Lycett et al.,2019).Due to the reassortant events of diverse strains facilitated by migratory waterfowl,the clade 2.3.4.4 of H5Nx viruses acquiring neuraminidase(NA)gene from other low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses(LPAIVs)emerged in 2014 and gradually became the dominant sub-clade(Lee et al.,2017).
基金supported by the CNPC Science and Technology Major Project of the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan(2021DJ0101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U19B600302,41872148)。
文摘The Early Cambrian Yuertusi Formation(Є_(1)y)in the Tarim Basin of China deposits a continuously developed suite of organic-rich black mudstones,which constitute an important source of oil and gas reservoirs in the Paleozoic.However,its hydrocarbon generation and evolution characteristics and resource potential have long been constrained by deeply buried strata and previous research.In this paper,based on the newly obtained ultra-deep well drilling data,the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion model ofЄ_(1)y shale was established by using data-driven Monte Carlo simulation,upon which the hydrocarbon generation,expulsion,and retention amounts were calculated by using the diagenetic method.The research indicates that theЄ_(1)y shale reaches the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion threshold at equivalent vitrinite reflectances of 0.46%and 0.72%,respectively.The cumulative hydrocarbon generation is 68.88×10^(10)t,the cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion is 35.59×10^(10)t,and the cumulative residual hydrocarbon is 33.29×10^(10)t.This paper systematically and quantitatively calculates the hydrocarbon expulsion at various key geological periods for theЄ_(1)y source rocks in the study area for the first time,more precisely confirming that the black shale of theЄ_(1)y is the most significant source rock contributing to the marine oil and gas resources in the Tarim Basin,filling the gap in hydrocarbon expulsion calculation in the study area,and providing an important basis for the formation and distribution of Paleozoic hydrocarbon reservoirs.The prospect of deep ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in the Tarim Basin is promising.Especially,the large area of dolomite reservoirs under the Cambrian salt and source rock interiors are the key breakthrough targets for the next exploration in the Tarim Basin.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42072089 and 41530206)。
文摘Both fractional crystallization and fluid-melt-crystal interaction are involved in the formation of highly fractionated granites.This paper assessed those two processes using geochemistry of muscovite and tourmaline and bulkrock chemistry of multi-phase Wangxianling granitoids,South China.Compositional variations suggest the coarse-grained muscovite granite is produced from fractional crystallization of the two-mica granite whereas the fine-grained muscovite granite represents a distinct magma pulse.Progressive fractionation of quartz,feldspar and biotite leads to elevated boron and aluminum content in melt which promoted muscovite and tourmaline to crystallize,which promotes two-mica granite evolving towards tourmaline-bearing muscovite granite.Fluid-melt-crystal interaction occurred at the magmatichydrothermal transitional stage and resulted in the textural and chemical zonings of tourmaline and muscovite in finegrained muscovite granite.The rims of both tourmaline and muscovite are characterized by the enrichment of fluid mobile elements such as Li,Mn,Cs and Zn and heavierδ^(11)B values of the tourmaline rims(-15.0‰to-13.6‰)compared to cores(-15.7‰to-14.3‰).Meanwhile,significant M-type REE tetrad effects(TE_(1,3)=1.07-1.18)and low K/Rb ratios(48-52)also correspond to fluid-melt-crystal interaction.This study shows zoned muscovite and tourmaline can be excellent tracers of fractional crystallization and late-stage fluid-melt-crystal interaction in highly evolved magmatic systems.
基金financially supported by the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(Nos.22375047,22378068,and 22075046)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2022J01568)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFB3804905 and 2022YFB3804900)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M743437)start-up funding from Wenzhou Institute,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.WIUCASQD2019002).
文摘Highly transparent,durable,and flexible liquid-repellent coatings are urgently needed in the realm of transparent materials,such as car windows,optical lenses,solar panels,and flexible screen materials.However,it has been difficult to strike a balance between the robustness and flexibility of coatings constructed by a single cross-linked network design.To overcome the conundrum,this innovative approach effectively combines two distinct cross-linked networks with unique functions,thus overcoming the challenge.Through a tightly interwoven structure comprised of added crosslinking sites,the coating achieves improved liquid repellency(WCA>100°,OSA<10°),increased durability(withstands 2,000 cycles of cotton wear),enhanced flexibility(endures 5,000 cycles of bending with a bending radius of 1 mm),and maintains high transparency(over 98%in the range of 410 nm to 760 nm).Additionally,the coating with remarkable adhesion can be applied to multiple substrates,enabling large-scale preparation and easy cycling coating,thus expanding its potential applications.The architecture of this fluoride-free dual cross-linked network not only advances liquid-repellent surfaces but also provides valuable insights for the development of eco-friendly materials in the future.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2023YFA1606401 and 2018YFA0404401)the Young Scholar of Regional Development,CAS ([2023] 15)+1 种基金Chinese Academy of Sciences Stable Support for Young Teams in Basic Research (No. YSBR-002)Special Fund for Strategic Pilot Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB34000000)
文摘Schottky mass spectrometry utilizing heavy-ion storage rings is a powerful technique for the precise mass and decay half-life measurements of highly charged ions.Owing to the nondestructive ion detection features of Schottky noise detectors,the number of stored ions in the ring is determined by the peak area in the measured revolution frequency spectrum.Because of their intrinsic amplitude-frequency characteristic(AFC),Schottky detector systems exhibit varying sensitivities at different frequencies.Using low-energy electron-cooled stored ions,a new method is developed to calibrate the AFC curve of the Schottky detector system of the Experimental Cooler Storage Ring(CSRe)storage ring located in Lanzhou,China.Using the amplitude-calibrated frequency spectrum,a notable refinement was observed in the precision of both the peak position and peak area.As a result,the storage lifetimes of the electron-cooled fully ionized^(56)Fe^(26+)ions were determined with high precision at beam energies of 13.7 and 116.4 MeV/u,despite of frequency drifts during the experiment.When electron cooling was turned off,the effective vacuum condition experienced by the 116.4 MeV/u^(56)Fe^(26+)ions was determined using amplitude-calibrated spectra,revealing a value of 2×10^(−10)mbar,which is consistent with vacuum gauge readings along the CSRe ring.The method reported herein will be adapted for the next-generation storage ring of the HIAF facility under construction in Huizhou,China.It can also be adapted to other storage ring facilities worldwide to improve precision and enhance lifetime measurements using many ions in the ring.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12071162)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2021J01302)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(ZQN-802).
文摘In this paper,we focus on peaked traveling wave solutions of the modified highly nonlinear Novikov equation by dynamical systems approach.We obtain a traveling wave system which is a singular planar dynamical system with three singular straight lines,and derive all possible phase portraits under corresponding parameter conditions.Then we show the existence and dynamics of two types of peaked traveling wave solutions including peakons and periodic cusp wave solutions.The exact explicit expressions of two peakons are given.Besides,we also derive smooth solitary wave solutions,periodic wave solutions,compacton solutions,and kink-like(antikink-like)solutions.Numerical simulations are further performed to verify the correctness of the results.Most importantly,peakons and periodic cusp wave solutions are newly found for the equation,which extends the previous results.
基金supported by Shanxi Province Science Foundation for Youths(202203021212300)Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Scientific Research Initial Funding(20212064)Outstanding Doctoral Award Fund in Shanxi Province(20222060).
文摘The nitrogen-coordinated metal single-atom catalysts(M−N−C SACs)with an ultra-high metal loading synthetized by direct high-temperature pyrolysis have been widely reported.However,most of metal single atoms in these catalysts were buried in the carbon matrix,resulting in a low metal utilization and inaccessibility for adsorption of reactants during the catalytic process.Herein,we reported a facile synthesis based on the hard-soft acid-base(HSAB)theory to fabricate Co single-atom catalysts with highly exposed metal atoms ligated to the external pyridinic-N sites of a nitrogen-doped carbon support.Benefiting from the highly accessible Co active sites,the prepared Co−N−C SAC exhibited a superior oxygen reduction reactivity comparable to that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst,showing a high turnover frequency(TOF)of 0.93 e^(−)·s^(-1)·site^(-1)at 0.85 V vs.RHE,far exceeding those of some representative SACs with a ultra-high metal content.This work provides a rational strategy to design and prepare M−N−C single-atom catalysts featured with high site-accessibility and site-density.
基金the financial support from the University of Sydney International Stipend Scholarship and the University of Sydney Tuition Fee Scholarshipthe support of The University of Sydney Physics Foundation as well as the facilities and technician assistance from the Sydney Microscopy&Microanalysis,Sydney Analytical,and Research Prototype&Foundry at The University of Sydney。
文摘Organometallic perovskite single crystals have been considered one of the most promising candidates for photodetection applications,owing to their grain-boundary-free structure and improved optoelectronic properties.However,several challenges still remain for the application of perovskite single crystals in photodetectors,in particular the thickness and area controls and poor compatibility with substrates.Herein,we report a straightforward fabrication process for realizing large-area(up to 100 cm^(2))and highly textured single-crystal-like MAPbBr3 films by combining inverse-temperature crystallization with a hot-pressing process.Thanks to the following hot-pressing treatment,the obtained perovskites can be effectively integrated onto the FTO substrates without falling,facilitating electrical connections and device integration.The obtained MAPbBr_(3) exhibits a low trap density of 1.4×10^(11) cm^(-3) and a high mobility of 217 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1)(with a high mobility-lifetime product of up to 5.4×10^(-4)cm^(2)·V^(-1)).The resulting photodiodes exhibit the self-powered capability and show a maximum responsivity approaching 944 mA·W^(-1),a champion detectivity exceeding 1011 Jones,and a fast photoresponse of 45 ms,together with excellent stability.This study constitutes a demonstration of highly textured,largearea perovskite photodiodes integrated sturdily onto FTO substrates and paves the way for various practical applications,such as optical imaging technology.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52075351,51604177)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFA0705701)+4 种基金the National Funded Postdoctoral Researcher Program(No.GZC20231762)the Major S&T Infrastructure Construction Project of Sichuan Province(No.2020-510000-73-01441847)the International S&T Innovation Cooperation Program of Sichuan Province(No.2020YFH0039)the Chengdu International S&T Cooperation Funded Project(Nos.2020-GH02-00006HZ,2022-GH02-00027-HZ)the“1000 Talents Plan”of Sichuan Province,and the Talent Introduction Program of Sichuan University(No.YJ201410)。
文摘Anode active materials involving transition metal oxides and sulfides are of great significance for high energy density lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),but the huge volume expansion and inferior electronic conductivity upon cycling critically constrain their further application.Herein,from a new perspective,a highly conductive and stable 3D flexible composite current collector is rationally designed by facilely electrodepositing metallic Ni thin layer onto the carbon cloth(CC/Ni),which endows the supported active materials with exceptional electronic conductivity and structural stability.In addition,the homogeneously distributed metallic Ni protrusions external CC can strongly bond with the active components,ensuring the structural integrity of electrodes upon cycling.More importantly,the 3D network structure with large specific surface area provides abundant space to alleviate the volume expansion and more active sites for electrochemical reactions.Therefore,taking Ni_(3)S_(2)nanosheet(Ni_(3)S_(2)NS)anode as an example,the prepared Ni_(3)S_(2)NS@CC/Ni electrode shows a high specific capacity of 2.32 mAh/cm^(2)at 1mA/cm^(2)and high capacity retention of 1.68 mAh/cm^(2)at a high rate of 8mA/cm^(2).This study provides a universal approach to obtain highly conductive and stable 3D flexible current collectors towards high performance metal-ion batteries beyond LIBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52270073 and 51708292)。
文摘This study aims to identify the highly non-specific toxic by-products during ozonation of three cresols in wastewater.In ozonated effluents,biotoxicity increased along with increasing reaction time,followed by a gradual decrease.The peak biotoxicity for ozonated o-cresol(o-C),m-cresol(m-C),and p-cresol(p-C)was estimated to be 17.4,14.8 and 5.5 times higher than that of untreated wastewater,respectively.A redox-directed approach with high-resolution mass spectrometry detection and toxicity prediction revealed that monomeric para-benzoquinones(p-BQs),hydroxylated p-BQs,and dimeric p-BQs in ozonated cresols were the primary contributors to the increased toxicity.Calculations based on density functional theory indicated formation pathways of p-BQs byproducts,e.g.,the formation of 2-methyl-p-benzoquinone was likely induced by ozone molecules rather than hydroxyl radicals in ozonated o-C and m-C,and the formation of p-BQs during ozonation of p-C was attributed to the oxidation of methyl group to carboxyl group and subsequent decarboxylation initiated by hydroxyl radicals.Electron paramagnetic resonance and spin density calculation showed that the presence of carbon-centered cresoxyl radicals was responsible for dimeric p-BQs formation.Collectively,these results underscore significant contribution of non-halogenated p-BQs to non-specific toxicity increase in ozonated effluents.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52100032,51838005)Shandong Province Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talent Support Plan (No.SDBX2022003)the Introduced Innovative R&D Team Project under the“The Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program”of Guangdong Province (2019ZT08L387).
文摘The adsorption of pollutants can not only promote the direct surface reaction,but also modify the catalyst itself to improve its photoelectric characteristics,which is rarely studied for water treatment with inorganic photocatalyst.A highly crystalline BiOBr(c-BiOBr)was synthesized by a two-step preparation process.Owing to the calcination,the highly crystalline enhanced the interface interaction between pollutant and c-BiOBr.The complex of organic pollutant and[Bi_(2)O_(2)]^(2+)could promote the active electron transfer from the adsorbed pollutant to c-BiOBr for the direct pollutant degradation by holes(h^(+)).Moreover,the pollutant adsorption actually modified c-BiOBr and promoted more unpaired electrons,which would coupling with the photoexcitation to promote generate more O_(2)^(•-).The molecular modification effect derived from pollutant adsorption significantly improved the removal of pollutants.This work strongly deepens the understanding of the molecularmodification effect from the pollutant adsorption and develops a novel and efficient approach for water treatment.
基金the financial support from the Foshan Talents Special Foundation(BKBS202003).
文摘Unstable Zn interface caused by rampant dendrite growth and parasitic side reactions always hinders the practical application of aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs),Herein,tyrosine(Tyr)with high molecular polarity was introduced into aqueous electrolyte to modulate the interfacial electrochemistry of Zn anode.In AZMBs,the positively charged side of Tyr can be well adsorbed on the surface of Zn anode to form a water-poor layer,and the exposed carboxylate side can be easily coordinated with Zn^(2+),favoring inducing uniform plating of Zn^(2+)and inhibiting the occurrence of water-induced side reactions.These in turn enable the achievement of highly stable Zn anode.Accordingly,the Zn anodes achieve outstanding cyclic stability(3000 h at 2 mA cm^(-2),2 mA h cm^(-2)and 1300 h at 5 mA cm^(-2),5 mA h cm^(-2)),high average Coulombic efficiency(99.4%over 3200 cycles),and high depth of discharge(80%for 500 h).Besides,the assembled Zn‖NaV_(3)O_(8)·1.5H_(2)O full cells deliver remarkable capacity retention and ultra-long lifetime(61.8%over 6650 cycles at 5 A g^(-1))and enhanced rate capability(169 mA h g^(-1)at 5 A g^(-1)).The work may promote the design and deep understanding of electrolyte additives with high molecular polarity for high-performance AZMBs.
基金Supported by the Medical Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province of China(No.2020KY191).
文摘AIM:To investigate the ocular biological characteristics of children with myopia and rapid axial length(AL)changes prescribed spectacles with highly aspherical lenslets(HAL).METHODS:Data were collected from 156 children(252 eyes)with myopia and HAL treatment who were aged 7-13 and had rapid AL changes.The participants were divided into groups with AL reduction and elongation according to the changes in AL within 6mo.Paired t-tests were used to compare the ocular biological parameters at baseline and after rapid changes post-HAL treatment.Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to determine the association between the ocular parameters and AL changes.RESULTS:The ocular biological parameters significantly changed in the children with myopia and rapid AL changes after HAL treatment.In the group with AL reduction,the anterior chamber depth(ACD)and vitreous chamber depth(VCD)decreased.The crystalline lens thickness(CLT)increased,corneal flat keratometry(FK)decreased,and steep keratometry(SK)increased(all P<0.001).The eyes in the group with AL elongation had increased ACD and VCD and steepened SK,but the CLT or FK findings were not different.AL change was negatively associated with baseline astigmatism(r=-0.171;P=0.007).CONCLUSION:In the eyes with HAL treatment,decreased ACD and VCD,thickened CLT,flattened FK,and steepened SK are observed during AL reduction.Lower baseline astigmatism is associated with AL reduction.The AL reduction may suggest the potential efficacy of HAL intervention in myopia control,while providing evidence for optimizing personalized myopia management strategies.Further longitudinal studies are warranted to validate whether rapid AL changes predict sustained treatment efficacy.
基金Research Project of Humanities and Social Sciences by the Ministry of Education:Exploration on the Reshaping of High-Quality Technical and Skilled Talent Cultivation System for the Development of Emerging Productive Forces(24YJA880042)2024 Vocational Education Theory and Practice Research Support Project Funded by the National Center for Vocational Education Development,Ministry of Education:Research on the Multidimensional Portrayal and Innovative Training Paths of Highly Skilled Talents from the Perspective of New Quality Productivity(JZYY25010)+1 种基金Shanghai Education Scientific Research Project“Special Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Universities and Colleges”:Exploration on the Cultivation Path of Integrating the“Scientist Spirit”into the“Three-Dimensional Education”System in Higher Vocational Colleges(2024ZSD023)Research Startup Funding Projects for High-Level and Scarce Talents in Shanghai Electronic and Information Vocational College of Technology(GCC2024016 and GCC2023013)。
文摘Against the backdrop of new quality productivity driving high-quality economic development,this paper examines how technological innovation,digital transformation,and green development reshape the competencies and training models of highly skilled talent.It analyzes multidimensional characteristics,including knowledge structure,innovation awareness,digital literacy,and cross-boundary collaboration,revealing a shift towards“innovative,composite,and intelligent”profiles.The study identifies misalignments in current vocational education,such as outdated curricula and insufficient industry-education integration.It proposes innovative training paths,including deep industry-education collaboration,digital-intelligent teaching,and lifelong learning ecosystems.Case studies validate the feasibility of aligning talent development with new quality productivity demands.
文摘The BZ oilfield in the Bohai Sea is a rare,highly volatile reservoir with fractures in the metamorphic rocks of buried hills.Clarifying the mechanism of gas injection for improving oil recovery and determining the optimal way to deploy injection-production well networks are critical issues that must be urgently addressed for efficient oilfield development.Experimental research on the mixed-phase displacement mechanism through gas injection into indoor formation fluids was conducted to guide the efficient development of gas injection in oil fields.We established a model of dual-medium reservoir composition and researched the deployment strategy for a three-dimensional well network for gas injection development.The coupling relationship between key influencing factors of the well network and fracture development was also quantitatively analyzed.The results show that the solubility of the associated gas and strong volatile oil system injected into the BZ oilfield is high.This high solubility demonstrates a mixed-phase displacement mechanism involving intermediate hydrocarbons,dissolution and condensation of medium components,and coexistence of extraction processes.Injecting gas and crude oil can achieve a favorable mixing effect when the local formation pressure is greater than 35.79 MPa.Associated gas reinjection is recommended to supplement energy for developing the highly volatile oil reservoirs in the fractured buried hills of the BZ oilfield.This recommendation involves fully utilizing the structural position and gravity-assisted oil displacement mechanism to deploy an injection-production well network.Gas injection points should be constructed at the top of high areas,and oil production points should be placed at the middle and lower parts of low areas.This approach forms a spatial threedimensional well network.By adopting high inclination well development,the oil production well forms a 45°angle with the fracture direction,which increases the drainage area and enhances single-well production capacity.The optimal injection-production well spacing along the fracture direction is approximately 1000 m,while the reasonable well spacing in the vertical fracture direction is approximately 800 m.The research results were applied to the development practice of the buried hills in the BZ oilfield,which achieved favorable development results.These outcomes provide a valuable reference for the formulation of development plans and efficient gas injection development in similar oil and gas fields in buried hills.
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42030714,42177138 and 41907239).
文摘Investigation of thermal effects on the strain rate-dependent properties of compacted bentonite is crucial for the long-term safety assessment of deep geological repository for disposal of high-level radioactive waste.In the present work,cylindrical GMZ01 bentonite specimens were compacted with suction-controlled by the vapor equilibrium technique.Then,a series of temperature-and suction-controlled stepwise constant rate of strain(CRS)tests was performed and the rate-dependent compressibility behavior of the highly compacted GMZ01 bentonite was investigated.The plastic compressibility parameterλ,the elastic compressibility parameterκ,the yield stress p0,as well as the viscous parameterαwere determined.Results indicate thatλ,κandαdecrease and p0 increases as suction increases.Upon heating,parametersλ,αand p0 decrease.It is also found that p0 increases linearly with increasing CRS in a double-logarithm coordinate.Based on the experimental results,a viscosity parameterα(s,T)was fitted to capture the effects of suction s and temperature T on the relationship between yield stress and strain rate.Then,an elastic-thermo-viscoplastic model for unsaturated soils was developed to describe the thermal effects on the rate-dependent behavior of highly compacted GMZ01 bentonite.Validation showed that the calculated results agreed well to the measured ones.
