Objectives: To describe and analyze HIV/AIDS/STD-related high risk behaviors and affecting factors of men who have sex with men (MSM) in China's Mainland~ Methods: 426 self-administered or interview-based question...Objectives: To describe and analyze HIV/AIDS/STD-related high risk behaviors and affecting factors of men who have sex with men (MSM) in China's Mainland~ Methods: 426 self-administered or interview-based questionnaires collected from MSM were analyzed with SPSS or SAS Systems. Results: Of the MSM, four-fifths had engaged in oral-genital intercourse, about half had engaged in anal intercourse, and in the past year more than two-fifths had casual sexual partner(s).Very few maintained monogamous sexual relationships, and nearly half also had intercourse with women. One fourth had previously been diagnosed with a venereal diseases. One HIV+individual was found among the 40 who reported having been tested for HIV. Only two men consistently used condoms among the one-third who had ever used condoms, despite almost universal knowledge of HIV and its transmission. Conclusions: MSM in China's Mainland are very sexually active, highlighting the possibility of a serious HIV epidemic that may be directly spread to the female population. However,AIDS interventions targeting MSM face severe obstructions resulting from cultural bias and other factors.展开更多
Behavior recognition of Hu sheep contributes to their intensive and intelligent farming.Due to the generally high density of Hu sheep farming,severe occlusion occurs among different behaviors and even among sheep perf...Behavior recognition of Hu sheep contributes to their intensive and intelligent farming.Due to the generally high density of Hu sheep farming,severe occlusion occurs among different behaviors and even among sheep performing the same behavior,leading to missing and false detection issues in existing behavior recognition methods.A high-low frequency aggregated attention and negative sample comprehensive score loss and comprehensive score soft non-maximum suppression-YOLO(HLNC-YOLO)was proposed for identifying the behavior of Hu sheep,addressing the issues of missed and erroneous detections caused by occlusion between Hu sheep in intensive farming.Firstly,images of four typical behaviors-standing,lying,eating,and drinking-were collected from the sheep farm to construct the Hu sheep behavior dataset(HSBD).Next,to solve the occlusion issues,during the training phase,the C2F-HLAtt module was integrated,which combined high-low frequency aggregation attention,into the YOLO v8 Backbone to perceive occluded objects and introduce an auxiliary reversible branch to retain more effective features.Using comprehensive score regression loss(CSLoss)to reduce the scores of suboptimal boxes and enhance the comprehensive scores of occluded object boxes.Finally,the soft comprehensive score non-maximal suppression(Soft-CS-NMS)algorithm filtered prediction boxes during the inferencing.Testing on the HSBD,HLNC-YOLO achieved a mean average precision(mAP@50)of 87.8%,with a memory footprint of 17.4 MB.This represented an improvement of 7.1,2.2,4.6,and 11 percentage points over YOLO v8,YOLO v9,YOLO v10,and Faster R-CNN,respectively.Research indicated that the HLNC-YOLO accurately identified the behavior of Hu sheep in intensive farming and possessed generalization capabilities,providing technical support for smart farming.展开更多
To investigate the influence of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with as-homogenized and as-rolled initial microstructures on the tensile flow behavior,isothermal tensile tests were conducted on a GLEEBLE-3500 isothermal simulator a...To investigate the influence of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with as-homogenized and as-rolled initial microstructures on the tensile flow behavior,isothermal tensile tests were conducted on a GLEEBLE-3500 isothermal simulator at temperatures of 380-440℃and strain rates of 0.05-1 s^(−1).The Johnson-Cook model,Hensel-Spittel model,strain-compensated Arrhenius model,and critical fracture strain model were established.Results show that through the evaluation of the models using the correlation coefficient(R)and the average absolute relative error,the strain-compensated Arrhenius model can represent the flow behavior of the alloy more accurately.Shear bands are more pronounced in the as-homogenized specimens,whereas dynamic recrystallization is predominantly observed in as-rolled specimens.Fracture morphology analysis reveals that a mixed fracture mechanism is prevalent in the as-homogenized specimen,whereas a ductile fracture mechanism is predominant in the as-rolled specimen.The processing maps indicate that the unstable region is reduced in the as-rolled specimens compared with that in the as-homogenized specimens.The optimal hot working windows for the as-homogenized and as-rolled specimens are determined as 410-440℃/0.14-1 s^(−1)and 380-400℃/0.05-0.29 s^(−1),respectively.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the impact of maternal-infant separation on the physical and mental state of high-risk pregnancy patients and explore the clinical efficacy of targeted nursing interventions.Methods:A total of 80 ...Objective:To analyze the impact of maternal-infant separation on the physical and mental state of high-risk pregnancy patients and explore the clinical efficacy of targeted nursing interventions.Methods:A total of 80 high-risk pregnancy patients treated in our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the study subjects.These patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group(40 cases each)using a random number table.The control group received routine high-risk pregnancy nursing care,while the observation group received specialized maternal-infant separation nursing interventions in addition to routine care.The psychological and physiological states and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention.Results:The SAS scores,SDS scores,and sleep quality scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(p<0.05).The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the initiation time of lactation was significantly earlier than that in the control group,with both differences being statistically significant(p<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(80%vs.32/40),with a statistically significant difference(p<0.05).Conclusion:Maternal-infant separation exacerbates anxiety and depression in high-risk pregnancy patients,reduces sleep quality,increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage,and delays the initiation of lactation.Specialized nursing interventions for maternal-infant separation can improve the physical and mental state of high-risk pregnancy patients,reduce the incidence of postpartum complications,and enhance nursing satisfaction,making them worthy of clinical application and promotion.展开更多
Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the levels of 12 cytokines in the cervical microenvironment and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus...Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the levels of 12 cytokines in the cervical microenvironment and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV)infection.Methods Female patients(n=73)with HR-HPV infection were enrolled and divided into a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL)group(n=33)and a non-HSIL(N-HSIL)group(n=40),which include low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and inflammation.Healthy screening subjects(n=31)with negative HR-HPV results were enrolled as a control group.We examined contemporaneous plasma and secretory cytokines from 25 study subjects to investigate the difference between systemic cytokine profiles and the local microenvironment immunity using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test.The 12 cytokines from cervical secretions were compared between the three groups using the Mann-Whitney test,and logistic regression was used to analyze HSIL and N-HSIL.Results There were statistical differences in eight cytokines(IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-1β,IL-12p70,IFN-α,and IL-8)between cervical secretion and plasma of the same patient,and seven cytokines were statistically different between the control and other two groups.We selected four independent variables(TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-12p70,and IFN-α)commonly identified by univariate regression analysis and non-parametric tests for multivariate logistic regression analysis.Based on this model,HSIL could be predicted in patients with HR-HPV infection,with the area under the curve being 0.76.Conclusion The systemic cytokine profile cannot reflect the local microenvironment immunity,and the occurrence of HSIL is related to the cytokine levels in the cervical microenvironment.展开更多
Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2026)18:10.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01852-8 Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that the last author’s name was inadvertently misspelled.Th...Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2026)18:10.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01852-8 Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that the last author’s name was inadvertently misspelled.The published version showed“Hongzhen Chen”,whereas the correct spelling should be“Hongzheng Chen”.The correct author name has been provided in this Correction,and the original article[1]has been corrected.展开更多
Residential energy-use behavior and energy-saving awareness play a crucial role in sustainable urban energy planning and building energy efficiency,particularly under the pressures of climate change.However,existing s...Residential energy-use behavior and energy-saving awareness play a crucial role in sustainable urban energy planning and building energy efficiency,particularly under the pressures of climate change.However,existing studies often lack comparative analysis of urban-rural differences and tend to focus excessively on behavior patterns while neglecting the dimension of energysaving awareness.With China’s urbanization rate reaching 66.16%,understanding such regional disparities has become increasingly important.To address these research gaps,this study conducts a large-scale survey on space cooling behaviors among residents in Beijing,a representative Chinese megacity.It should be noted that living standards in such megacities are generally higher than the national average,which may shape distinctive energy-use profiles.Analyzing 1573valid samples(1064 urban/442 rural)in 2024,this study employed K-Prototypes and K-Modes clustering to identify typical cooling behavior and energy-saving awareness pattems,followed by Kendall/Chi-square correlation tests and XGBoost importance analysis to determine key influencing factors,with subsequent urban-rural comparative analysis.Results indicate that urban residents are primarily heat-sensitive or heat-tolerant,with a secondary patten of mid-low temperature preference,and generally exhibit long cooling durations;rural behavior is dominated by heat-tolerant type,followed by heat-sensitive,mid-low temperature preference,and never-on types as secondary patterns;both urban and rural areas exhibit energy-savingawareness characterized by low consumption-lowwillingness,though urban areas show marginally higher motivation;energy-saving awareness correlates with cooling behavior in rural areas,but this relationship weakens significantly in urban contexts.展开更多
With the rapid development of smart manufacturing,intelligent safety monitoring in industrial workshops has become increasingly important.To address the challenges of complex backgrounds,target scale variation,and exc...With the rapid development of smart manufacturing,intelligent safety monitoring in industrial workshops has become increasingly important.To address the challenges of complex backgrounds,target scale variation,and excessive model parameters in worker violation detection,this study proposes ADCP-YOLO,an enhanced lightweight model based on YOLOv8.Here,“ADCP”represents four key improvements:Alterable Kernel Convolution(AKConv),Dilated-Wise Residual(DWR)module,Channel Reconstruction Global Attention Mechanism(CRGAM),and Powerful-IoU loss.These components collaboratively enhance feature extraction,multi-scale perception,and localization accuracy while effectively reducing model complexity and computational cost.Experimental results show that ADCP-YOLO achieves a mAP of 90.6%,surpassing YOLOv8 by 3.0%with a 6.6%reduction in parameters.These findings demonstrate that ADCP-YOLO successfully balances accuracy and efficiency,offering a practical solution for intelligent safety monitoring in smart factory workshops.展开更多
This study utilizes wet/dry cyclic corrosion testing combined with corrosion big data technology to investigate the mechanism by which chloride ions(Cl^(-))influence the corrosion behavior of 650 MPa high-strength low...This study utilizes wet/dry cyclic corrosion testing combined with corrosion big data technology to investigate the mechanism by which chloride ions(Cl^(-))influence the corrosion behavior of 650 MPa high-strength low-alloy(HSLA)steel in industrially polluted environments.The corrosion process of 650 MPa HSLA steel occurred in two distinct stages:an initial corrosion stage and a stable corrosion stage.During the initial phase,the weight loss rate increased rapidly owing to the instability of the rust layer.Notably,this study demonstrated that 650 MPa HSLA steel exhibited superior corrosion resistance in Cl-containing environments.The formation of a corrosion-product film eventually reduced the weight-loss rate.However,the intrusion of Cl^(-)at increasing concentrations gradually destabilized theα/γ^(*)phases of the rust layer,leading to a looser structure and lower polarization resistance(R_(p)).The application of corrosion big data technology in this study facilitated the validation and analysis of the experimental results,offering new insights into the corrosion mechanisms of HSLA steel in chloride-rich environments.展开更多
The volume change behavior of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediment is essential as it influences settlement,strength,and stiffness,which directly affect the stability of hydrate reservoirs during hydrate extraction or...The volume change behavior of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediment is essential as it influences settlement,strength,and stiffness,which directly affect the stability of hydrate reservoirs during hydrate extraction or in response to environmental changes.The volume change is influenced not only by stress but also by the formation and dissociation of hydrates.This study adopted a customized apparatus for one-dimensional compression tests,allowing independent control of gas pressure and effective stress.Tests were conducted on samples with different hydrate saturations along various temperature-gas pressure-effective stress paths,yielding some conclusions related to compressibility and creep.An unusual phenomenon was observed under low-stress conditions:hydrate formation led to shrinkage rather than expansion.Three potential mechanisms behind this occurrence were discussed.As hydrate saturation increases,the yield stress rises while the compression and swelling indexes remain minimally affected.After hydrate dissociation,the compression curve of hydrate-bearing sediment drops to that of hydrate-free sediment.Once hydrate is formed,the compression curve of hydrate-free sediment gradually approaches that of hydrate-bearing sediment during the subsequent loading.Under low-stress conditions,the creep of both hydrate-free and hydrate-bearing sediments is very weak.However,when stress increases,significantly beyond the yield stress,the creep of both sediments increases significantly,with hydrate-bearing sediment exhibiting much greater creep than hydrate-free sediment.展开更多
Flight behavior analysis provides the fundamental basis for the future development of air traffic management(ATM).The characteristics of aircraft behavior are inherently reflected in their flight trajectories,impactin...Flight behavior analysis provides the fundamental basis for the future development of air traffic management(ATM).The characteristics of aircraft behavior are inherently reflected in their flight trajectories,impacting flight efficiency and safety levels.However,existing research largely addresses inefficient or abnormal trajectories from a single perspective,with an absence of a unified evaluation standard.This paper introduces a method for analyzing flight deviation behavior based on automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast(ADS-B)data,defining novel metrics of trajectory redundancy and trajectory deviation.An adaptive detection algorithm is developed to capture diverse deviation patterns.Results reveal that higher trajectory redundancy is linked to lower operational efficiency,while trajectory deviation effectively identify stepped descents,holding patterns,detours,and other behaviors.The approach offers data-driven support for anomaly detection,performance evaluation and air traffic management,with substantial significance for civil aviation applications.展开更多
Urbanization destroys wildlife habitats,fragmenting them into small patches with poor connectivity,leading to population declines in species sensitive to such chan ges.Escape is the most common anti-predator strategy ...Urbanization destroys wildlife habitats,fragmenting them into small patches with poor connectivity,leading to population declines in species sensitive to such chan ges.Escape is the most common anti-predator strategy adopted by birds,refuges in habitats reduce or eliminate predation risk.Therefore,creating habitats with suitable refuges for birds has significant implications for their conservation.However,there have been few studies on refuge selection in birds.This study examined the Eurasian Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus)and Oriental Magpie(Pica serica)in urban and rural areas of Chengde City,northern China by measuring their alert distance(AD),flight initiation distance(FID),an d distance fled(DF)and analyzed their refuge selection characteristics after escaping.The FID/AD ratio was employed to assess the behavioral differences of birds in the risk trade-off.The results showed that the FID and FID/AD of both species were lower in urban areas than in rural areas and were negatively correlated with immediate human density.Sparrow FID was significantly affected by group size and landing substrate type.The FID of sparrows was positively correlated with the group size.The sparrows that fled to bushes escaped earlier.In urban and rural areas,sparrows exhibited significantly lower FID,DF,and FID/AD than magpies.The species adopted different refuge selection strategies,with magpies preferentially selecting trees with greater vertical height and sparrows selecting both trees and bushes.Further analysis indicated that the horizontal and vertical distances fled of both species were lower when fleeing to bushes.Urban planning and conservation areas construction should incorporate the ecological needs of local bird species to rationally configure their habitat structure,thereby optimizing the effect of avian conservation.展开更多
Drilling and blasting tunneling is a cyclic process in which tunnel rock undergoes repeated blast loading,affecting its dynamic characteristics,energy evolution,and damage progression.To explore the dynamic mechanical...Drilling and blasting tunneling is a cyclic process in which tunnel rock undergoes repeated blast loading,affecting its dynamic characteristics,energy evolution,and damage progression.To explore the dynamic mechanical properties and damage mechanisms of carbonaceous slate under cyclic impact loads of varying intensities,cyclic dynamic tests are conducted using a triaxial split Hopkinson pressure bar.This study analyzes the stress-strain relationship,energy damage evolution,and macro-to-micro failure characteristics.The results show that peak stress and strain are significantly influenced by impact intensity and the number of impacts.The initial dynamic stress is positively correlated with the impact intensity,but with more impact,the dynamic stress decreases while the peak strain increases.Energy evolution follows a pattern of"slow growthfluctuating growthrapid growth,"with the crack initiation stress and its proportion decreasing.CT and SEM analyses reveal that as the impact intensity increases,failure becomes more chaotic,the fracture volume increases,and the fracture mode shifts from interlayer and intergranular to through-layer and trans-granular fractures.These findings provide an experimental basis for soft rock tunnel stability analysis.展开更多
High-performance magnesium alloys are in great demand to meet the lightweight design requirements of aircraft.Grain size has long been recognized as a key factor influencing the mechanical properties of alloys.This st...High-performance magnesium alloys are in great demand to meet the lightweight design requirements of aircraft.Grain size has long been recognized as a key factor influencing the mechanical properties of alloys.This study investigates the effect of grain size,controlled by Zr addition,on the fatigue behavior of a recently developed low-cost Mg-2.6Nd-0.35Zn alloy,through systematic characterization and analysis of stress-life(S-N)curves,fatigue crack propagation,fracture surface morphology,stress intensity factor,and crack propagation threshold.The results show that after heat treatment(solution at 525±5℃ for 8 h and water quenching at 60-80℃,followed by aging at 250±5℃for 14 h and then air cooling),coarse-grained specimens(average grain size approximately 596μm)containing 0.12wt.%Zr exhibit greater resistance to fatigue crack propagation than fine-grained specimens(average grain size approximately 94μm)containing 0.46wt.%Zr.Coarse grains promote intergranular fracture,while fine grains favor transgranular fracture.In addition,coarse grains reduce the sensitivity of the crack tip to stress concentration.Furthermore,fine-grained samples demonstrate a longer total fatigue life,owing to their superior resistance to crack initiation,which significantly prolongs the crack initiation stage.These findings highlight the importance of optimizing grain size to achieve the best possible fatigue resistance in Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloys for practical engineering applications.展开更多
Objectives:24-h movement behaviors(24-HMB),encompassing physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep duration,are increasingly regarded as interrelated and important factors for mental health.However,evidence on the...Objectives:24-h movement behaviors(24-HMB),encompassing physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep duration,are increasingly regarded as interrelated and important factors for mental health.However,evidence on the comprehensive association of these behaviors with mental health in adults with diabetes in developing countries remains scarce.This study examined the association between 24-HMB guidelines and psychological health among adults with diabetes in developing countries.Methods:Data were retrieved from the World Health Organization’s study on Global Aging and Adult Health Survey dataset.Adults(N=1905)diagnosed with diabetes from five low-and middle-income countries were included.The exposure of interest was adherence to 24-HMB guidelines,depression,cognition,and quality of life(QoL).Multiple logistic and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and depression,cognition,and QoL,respectively.Results:This cross-sectional study revealed that 28.61%complied with all three 24-HMB guidelines.Diabetic patients who met more numbers of 24-HMB guidelines had lower depression risk(OR=0.74,95%CI:0.61 to 0.91,p=0.004),greater cognition(β=0.42,95%CI:0.25 to 0.60,p<0.001),and QoL(β=1.30,95%CI:1.04 to 1.55,p<0.001)with the non-compliant population.For specific combinations,meeting all three guidelines were significantly associated with lower odds of depression,improved cognitive function,and enhanced QoL(all p<0.001).Conclusion:These findings support that meeting 24-HMB guidelines in a single or combined movement behaviors was significantly related to reduced risk of depression,enhanced cognitive function,and improved QoL among individuals with diabetes.展开更多
Significant differences exist between deep and medium-shallow coalbed methane(CBM)reservoirs.The unclear understanding of flowback and production behavior severely constrains the development of deep CBM resources.To a...Significant differences exist between deep and medium-shallow coalbed methane(CBM)reservoirs.The unclear understanding of flowback and production behavior severely constrains the development of deep CBM resources.To address this challenge,guided by the gas-liquid two-phase flow theory in ultra-low permeability reservoirs,and integrating theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and insights from production practices,this study classifies the flowback and production stages of deep CBM well considering the Daning-Jixian Block,Eastern Ordos Basin as a representative case.We summarize the flowback characteristics for each stage and establish a standard flowback production type curve,aiming to guide field operations.The results indicate that:(a)The production process of deep CBM horizontal wells can be divided into five distinct stages:initial single-phase water dewatering stage,initial gas appearance to peak water production stage,gas breakthrough to peak gas production stage,stable production and decline stage,and low-rate production stage.(b)Based on reservoir energy,two standard type curves for horizontal well flowback production are established:the‘Sufficient Reservoir Energy’type and the‘Insufficient Reservoir Energy’type.The former achieves a higher initial gas rate(up to 12×10^(4)m^(3)/d)but exhibits poorer stability,while the latter achieves a lower stable rate(up to 8×10^(4)m^(3)/d)but demonstrates stronger stability.Numerical simulation confirms these behavioral patterns and reveals the underlying mechanisms related to the effectively drained area where pressure is significantly depleted.The findings from this study have guided the flowback production operations in 53 deep CBM wells with positive results,demonstrating high potential for broad application.展开更多
BACKGROUND Despite societal guidelines recommending targeted screening for Barrett’s esophagus(BE)and esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC)in individuals with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms(GERS),screening adherence is su...BACKGROUND Despite societal guidelines recommending targeted screening for Barrett’s esophagus(BE)and esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC)in individuals with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms(GERS),screening adherence is suboptimal.Current screening approaches fail to identify individuals not seeking medical consultation for GERS or whose GERS are managed with‘over-the-counter’(OTC)acid suppressant therapies.AIM To assess patients’self-management and help-seeking behavior for GERS.METHODS This cross-sectional study collected data from the Dutch general population aged 18-75 years between January and April 2023 using a web-based survey.The survey included questions regarding self-management(e.g.,use of acid suppressant therapy with or without prescription)and help-seeking behavior(e.g.,consulting a primary care provider)for GERS.Simple random sampling was performed to select individuals within the target age group.In total,18156 randomly selected individuals were invited to participate.The study protocol was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov(identifier:NCT05689918).RESULTS Of the 18156 invited individuals,3214 participants(17.7%)completed the survey,of which 1572 participants(48.9%)reported GERS.Of these,904 participants(57.5%)had never consulted a primary care provider for these symptoms,of which 331 participants(36.6%)reported taking OTC acid suppressant therapy in the past six months and 100 participants(11.1%)fulfilled the screening criteria for BE and EAC according to the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Guideline.CONCLUSION The population fulfilling the screening criteria for BE and EAC is incompletely identified,suggesting potential underutilization of medical consultation.Raising public awareness of GERS as a risk factor for EAC is needed.展开更多
There is a strong coupling relationship between the friction characteristics of the ball-groove interface and the ball motion behavior.However,available studies tend to consider ball motion and frictional behavior sep...There is a strong coupling relationship between the friction characteristics of the ball-groove interface and the ball motion behavior.However,available studies tend to consider ball motion and frictional behavior separately.In this paper,a unified tribology-kinematic model is established considering the coupling effect between friction and the ball velocity vector.The friction in ball-groove contact and ball speed are simultaneously measured by a newly developed disc-ball-disc device for studying friction and movement in ball screws.A comprehensive analysis of rubbing interface behavior and ball motion is conducted.The results show that the coupling effect between friction in ball-groove contact and ball motion is quite obvious.The sliding velocity of the ball is much higher with coupling effect than that when ignoring coupling influence,especially at high-speed conditions.The friction in ball-groove contact decreases at first and then shows a dramatic increase with the gradual rise of rotation speed,which is caused by the coupling variation of sliding speed.The studies show that the disc-ball-disc approach is an innovative and valuable method to investigate friction and ball motion in ball screws.展开更多
To investigate the aging mechanisms and elucidate the correlations between unstable microstructure and performance in biodegradable Zn alloys,the accelerated aging experiment was conducted on a high-performance wrough...To investigate the aging mechanisms and elucidate the correlations between unstable microstructure and performance in biodegradable Zn alloys,the accelerated aging experiment was conducted on a high-performance wrought Zn−0.1Mg alloy by annealing at 200℃ for varying durations.The findings reveal that the tensile strength of the alloy rapidly and significantly declines with prolonged annealing time,decreasing from 383 MPa for the as-received alloy to 102 MPa for the alloy subjected to 1440 min of annealing.The primary factors contributing to this considerable reduction in strength are static recrystallization,grain coarsening,and dislocation annihilation.Initially,the ductility of the alloy shows fluctuations,ultimately experiencing a marked decrease after extended annealing.This decline is linked to the grain growth and heightened texture intensity,while the unusual increase in ductility observed between 30 and 120 min of annealing is likely due to the formation of twins.In addition,due to rapid grain growth and an increase in precipitates and twins,the corrosion resistance of the alloy in Hank’s solution has worsened,with the corrosion rate rising from 0.037 to 0.069 mm/a following 300 min of annealing.展开更多
Turbine blades,due to their intricate geometry,are exposed to multiaxial stresses during operation.Consequently,it is imperative to examine the anisotropy of their stress-rupture behavior across various testing scenar...Turbine blades,due to their intricate geometry,are exposed to multiaxial stresses during operation.Consequently,it is imperative to examine the anisotropy of their stress-rupture behavior across various testing scenarios,particularly under high-temperature conditions.Stress-rupture behavior of a Ni-based single crystal superalloy was investigated under a load varying from 100 MPa to 137 MPa at 1,100℃ for both[001]-and[111]-orientated specimens.Results demonstrate that the rupture behavior of[111]-orientated specimens exhibits obviously higher sensitive to applied stress compared to[001]-orientated specimens.This difference is primarily attributed to the orientation dependentγ'coarsening behavior and distinct dislocation interactions atγ/γ'interfaces.In[001]-oriented specimens,plate-likeγ/γ'rafts rapidly form alongside well-developed interfacial dislocation networks,where theγ/γ'misfit stress dominates the microstructural evolution.In contrast,the[111]-orientated specimens exhibit retained,coarsenedγ'precipitates embedded within theγmatrix,accompanied by poorly developed interfacial dislocation networks.展开更多
文摘Objectives: To describe and analyze HIV/AIDS/STD-related high risk behaviors and affecting factors of men who have sex with men (MSM) in China's Mainland~ Methods: 426 self-administered or interview-based questionnaires collected from MSM were analyzed with SPSS or SAS Systems. Results: Of the MSM, four-fifths had engaged in oral-genital intercourse, about half had engaged in anal intercourse, and in the past year more than two-fifths had casual sexual partner(s).Very few maintained monogamous sexual relationships, and nearly half also had intercourse with women. One fourth had previously been diagnosed with a venereal diseases. One HIV+individual was found among the 40 who reported having been tested for HIV. Only two men consistently used condoms among the one-third who had ever used condoms, despite almost universal knowledge of HIV and its transmission. Conclusions: MSM in China's Mainland are very sexually active, highlighting the possibility of a serious HIV epidemic that may be directly spread to the female population. However,AIDS interventions targeting MSM face severe obstructions resulting from cultural bias and other factors.
文摘Behavior recognition of Hu sheep contributes to their intensive and intelligent farming.Due to the generally high density of Hu sheep farming,severe occlusion occurs among different behaviors and even among sheep performing the same behavior,leading to missing and false detection issues in existing behavior recognition methods.A high-low frequency aggregated attention and negative sample comprehensive score loss and comprehensive score soft non-maximum suppression-YOLO(HLNC-YOLO)was proposed for identifying the behavior of Hu sheep,addressing the issues of missed and erroneous detections caused by occlusion between Hu sheep in intensive farming.Firstly,images of four typical behaviors-standing,lying,eating,and drinking-were collected from the sheep farm to construct the Hu sheep behavior dataset(HSBD).Next,to solve the occlusion issues,during the training phase,the C2F-HLAtt module was integrated,which combined high-low frequency aggregation attention,into the YOLO v8 Backbone to perceive occluded objects and introduce an auxiliary reversible branch to retain more effective features.Using comprehensive score regression loss(CSLoss)to reduce the scores of suboptimal boxes and enhance the comprehensive scores of occluded object boxes.Finally,the soft comprehensive score non-maximal suppression(Soft-CS-NMS)algorithm filtered prediction boxes during the inferencing.Testing on the HSBD,HLNC-YOLO achieved a mean average precision(mAP@50)of 87.8%,with a memory footprint of 17.4 MB.This represented an improvement of 7.1,2.2,4.6,and 11 percentage points over YOLO v8,YOLO v9,YOLO v10,and Faster R-CNN,respectively.Research indicated that the HLNC-YOLO accurately identified the behavior of Hu sheep in intensive farming and possessed generalization capabilities,providing technical support for smart farming.
文摘To investigate the influence of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with as-homogenized and as-rolled initial microstructures on the tensile flow behavior,isothermal tensile tests were conducted on a GLEEBLE-3500 isothermal simulator at temperatures of 380-440℃and strain rates of 0.05-1 s^(−1).The Johnson-Cook model,Hensel-Spittel model,strain-compensated Arrhenius model,and critical fracture strain model were established.Results show that through the evaluation of the models using the correlation coefficient(R)and the average absolute relative error,the strain-compensated Arrhenius model can represent the flow behavior of the alloy more accurately.Shear bands are more pronounced in the as-homogenized specimens,whereas dynamic recrystallization is predominantly observed in as-rolled specimens.Fracture morphology analysis reveals that a mixed fracture mechanism is prevalent in the as-homogenized specimen,whereas a ductile fracture mechanism is predominant in the as-rolled specimen.The processing maps indicate that the unstable region is reduced in the as-rolled specimens compared with that in the as-homogenized specimens.The optimal hot working windows for the as-homogenized and as-rolled specimens are determined as 410-440℃/0.14-1 s^(−1)and 380-400℃/0.05-0.29 s^(−1),respectively.
文摘Objective:To analyze the impact of maternal-infant separation on the physical and mental state of high-risk pregnancy patients and explore the clinical efficacy of targeted nursing interventions.Methods:A total of 80 high-risk pregnancy patients treated in our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the study subjects.These patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group(40 cases each)using a random number table.The control group received routine high-risk pregnancy nursing care,while the observation group received specialized maternal-infant separation nursing interventions in addition to routine care.The psychological and physiological states and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention.Results:The SAS scores,SDS scores,and sleep quality scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(p<0.05).The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the initiation time of lactation was significantly earlier than that in the control group,with both differences being statistically significant(p<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(80%vs.32/40),with a statistically significant difference(p<0.05).Conclusion:Maternal-infant separation exacerbates anxiety and depression in high-risk pregnancy patients,reduces sleep quality,increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage,and delays the initiation of lactation.Specialized nursing interventions for maternal-infant separation can improve the physical and mental state of high-risk pregnancy patients,reduce the incidence of postpartum complications,and enhance nursing satisfaction,making them worthy of clinical application and promotion.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2308800)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(25ZR1402053)the Key Discipline of Public Health of the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(Grant No.GWVI-11.1-07).
文摘Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the levels of 12 cytokines in the cervical microenvironment and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV)infection.Methods Female patients(n=73)with HR-HPV infection were enrolled and divided into a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL)group(n=33)and a non-HSIL(N-HSIL)group(n=40),which include low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and inflammation.Healthy screening subjects(n=31)with negative HR-HPV results were enrolled as a control group.We examined contemporaneous plasma and secretory cytokines from 25 study subjects to investigate the difference between systemic cytokine profiles and the local microenvironment immunity using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test.The 12 cytokines from cervical secretions were compared between the three groups using the Mann-Whitney test,and logistic regression was used to analyze HSIL and N-HSIL.Results There were statistical differences in eight cytokines(IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-1β,IL-12p70,IFN-α,and IL-8)between cervical secretion and plasma of the same patient,and seven cytokines were statistically different between the control and other two groups.We selected four independent variables(TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-12p70,and IFN-α)commonly identified by univariate regression analysis and non-parametric tests for multivariate logistic regression analysis.Based on this model,HSIL could be predicted in patients with HR-HPV infection,with the area under the curve being 0.76.Conclusion The systemic cytokine profile cannot reflect the local microenvironment immunity,and the occurrence of HSIL is related to the cytokine levels in the cervical microenvironment.
文摘Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2026)18:10.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01852-8 Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that the last author’s name was inadvertently misspelled.The published version showed“Hongzhen Chen”,whereas the correct spelling should be“Hongzheng Chen”.The correct author name has been provided in this Correction,and the original article[1]has been corrected.
文摘Residential energy-use behavior and energy-saving awareness play a crucial role in sustainable urban energy planning and building energy efficiency,particularly under the pressures of climate change.However,existing studies often lack comparative analysis of urban-rural differences and tend to focus excessively on behavior patterns while neglecting the dimension of energysaving awareness.With China’s urbanization rate reaching 66.16%,understanding such regional disparities has become increasingly important.To address these research gaps,this study conducts a large-scale survey on space cooling behaviors among residents in Beijing,a representative Chinese megacity.It should be noted that living standards in such megacities are generally higher than the national average,which may shape distinctive energy-use profiles.Analyzing 1573valid samples(1064 urban/442 rural)in 2024,this study employed K-Prototypes and K-Modes clustering to identify typical cooling behavior and energy-saving awareness pattems,followed by Kendall/Chi-square correlation tests and XGBoost importance analysis to determine key influencing factors,with subsequent urban-rural comparative analysis.Results indicate that urban residents are primarily heat-sensitive or heat-tolerant,with a secondary patten of mid-low temperature preference,and generally exhibit long cooling durations;rural behavior is dominated by heat-tolerant type,followed by heat-sensitive,mid-low temperature preference,and never-on types as secondary patterns;both urban and rural areas exhibit energy-savingawareness characterized by low consumption-lowwillingness,though urban areas show marginally higher motivation;energy-saving awareness correlates with cooling behavior in rural areas,but this relationship weakens significantly in urban contexts.
基金TheNationalNatural Science Foundation ofChina(Nos.62272418,62102058)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation Major Project(No.LD24F020004)the Major Open Project of Key Laboratory for Advanced Design and Intelligent Computing of the Ministry of Education(No.ADIC2023ZD001).
文摘With the rapid development of smart manufacturing,intelligent safety monitoring in industrial workshops has become increasingly important.To address the challenges of complex backgrounds,target scale variation,and excessive model parameters in worker violation detection,this study proposes ADCP-YOLO,an enhanced lightweight model based on YOLOv8.Here,“ADCP”represents four key improvements:Alterable Kernel Convolution(AKConv),Dilated-Wise Residual(DWR)module,Channel Reconstruction Global Attention Mechanism(CRGAM),and Powerful-IoU loss.These components collaboratively enhance feature extraction,multi-scale perception,and localization accuracy while effectively reducing model complexity and computational cost.Experimental results show that ADCP-YOLO achieves a mAP of 90.6%,surpassing YOLOv8 by 3.0%with a 6.6%reduction in parameters.These findings demonstrate that ADCP-YOLO successfully balances accuracy and efficiency,offering a practical solution for intelligent safety monitoring in smart factory workshops.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52104319 and 52374323)。
文摘This study utilizes wet/dry cyclic corrosion testing combined with corrosion big data technology to investigate the mechanism by which chloride ions(Cl^(-))influence the corrosion behavior of 650 MPa high-strength low-alloy(HSLA)steel in industrially polluted environments.The corrosion process of 650 MPa HSLA steel occurred in two distinct stages:an initial corrosion stage and a stable corrosion stage.During the initial phase,the weight loss rate increased rapidly owing to the instability of the rust layer.Notably,this study demonstrated that 650 MPa HSLA steel exhibited superior corrosion resistance in Cl-containing environments.The formation of a corrosion-product film eventually reduced the weight-loss rate.However,the intrusion of Cl^(-)at increasing concentrations gradually destabilized theα/γ^(*)phases of the rust layer,leading to a looser structure and lower polarization resistance(R_(p)).The application of corrosion big data technology in this study facilitated the validation and analysis of the experimental results,offering new insights into the corrosion mechanisms of HSLA steel in chloride-rich environments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42171135)the Science and Technology Program of CNOOC Research Institute(Grant No.2023OTKK03)the“CUG Scholar”Scientific Research Funds at China University of Geosciences(Project No.2022098).
文摘The volume change behavior of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediment is essential as it influences settlement,strength,and stiffness,which directly affect the stability of hydrate reservoirs during hydrate extraction or in response to environmental changes.The volume change is influenced not only by stress but also by the formation and dissociation of hydrates.This study adopted a customized apparatus for one-dimensional compression tests,allowing independent control of gas pressure and effective stress.Tests were conducted on samples with different hydrate saturations along various temperature-gas pressure-effective stress paths,yielding some conclusions related to compressibility and creep.An unusual phenomenon was observed under low-stress conditions:hydrate formation led to shrinkage rather than expansion.Three potential mechanisms behind this occurrence were discussed.As hydrate saturation increases,the yield stress rises while the compression and swelling indexes remain minimally affected.After hydrate dissociation,the compression curve of hydrate-bearing sediment drops to that of hydrate-free sediment.Once hydrate is formed,the compression curve of hydrate-free sediment gradually approaches that of hydrate-bearing sediment during the subsequent loading.Under low-stress conditions,the creep of both hydrate-free and hydrate-bearing sediments is very weak.However,when stress increases,significantly beyond the yield stress,the creep of both sediments increases significantly,with hydrate-bearing sediment exhibiting much greater creep than hydrate-free sediment.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB4302903)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.210525001464)。
文摘Flight behavior analysis provides the fundamental basis for the future development of air traffic management(ATM).The characteristics of aircraft behavior are inherently reflected in their flight trajectories,impacting flight efficiency and safety levels.However,existing research largely addresses inefficient or abnormal trajectories from a single perspective,with an absence of a unified evaluation standard.This paper introduces a method for analyzing flight deviation behavior based on automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast(ADS-B)data,defining novel metrics of trajectory redundancy and trajectory deviation.An adaptive detection algorithm is developed to capture diverse deviation patterns.Results reveal that higher trajectory redundancy is linked to lower operational efficiency,while trajectory deviation effectively identify stepped descents,holding patterns,detours,and other behaviors.The approach offers data-driven support for anomaly detection,performance evaluation and air traffic management,with substantial significance for civil aviation applications.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(C2025201032 to J.W.)High-Level Talents Research Start-Up Project of Hebei University(521100222044 to J.W.)+1 种基金the Huizhi Lead Innovation Space Project in High-tech Zone of Chengde City(HZLC202410 to L.M.)National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202510098011 to H.Z.)。
文摘Urbanization destroys wildlife habitats,fragmenting them into small patches with poor connectivity,leading to population declines in species sensitive to such chan ges.Escape is the most common anti-predator strategy adopted by birds,refuges in habitats reduce or eliminate predation risk.Therefore,creating habitats with suitable refuges for birds has significant implications for their conservation.However,there have been few studies on refuge selection in birds.This study examined the Eurasian Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus)and Oriental Magpie(Pica serica)in urban and rural areas of Chengde City,northern China by measuring their alert distance(AD),flight initiation distance(FID),an d distance fled(DF)and analyzed their refuge selection characteristics after escaping.The FID/AD ratio was employed to assess the behavioral differences of birds in the risk trade-off.The results showed that the FID and FID/AD of both species were lower in urban areas than in rural areas and were negatively correlated with immediate human density.Sparrow FID was significantly affected by group size and landing substrate type.The FID of sparrows was positively correlated with the group size.The sparrows that fled to bushes escaped earlier.In urban and rural areas,sparrows exhibited significantly lower FID,DF,and FID/AD than magpies.The species adopted different refuge selection strategies,with magpies preferentially selecting trees with greater vertical height and sparrows selecting both trees and bushes.Further analysis indicated that the horizontal and vertical distances fled of both species were lower when fleeing to bushes.Urban planning and conservation areas construction should incorporate the ecological needs of local bird species to rationally configure their habitat structure,thereby optimizing the effect of avian conservation.
基金support from the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U23A2060)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42177143 and 52474150).
文摘Drilling and blasting tunneling is a cyclic process in which tunnel rock undergoes repeated blast loading,affecting its dynamic characteristics,energy evolution,and damage progression.To explore the dynamic mechanical properties and damage mechanisms of carbonaceous slate under cyclic impact loads of varying intensities,cyclic dynamic tests are conducted using a triaxial split Hopkinson pressure bar.This study analyzes the stress-strain relationship,energy damage evolution,and macro-to-micro failure characteristics.The results show that peak stress and strain are significantly influenced by impact intensity and the number of impacts.The initial dynamic stress is positively correlated with the impact intensity,but with more impact,the dynamic stress decreases while the peak strain increases.Energy evolution follows a pattern of"slow growthfluctuating growthrapid growth,"with the crack initiation stress and its proportion decreasing.CT and SEM analyses reveal that as the impact intensity increases,failure becomes more chaotic,the fracture volume increases,and the fracture mode shifts from interlayer and intergranular to through-layer and trans-granular fractures.These findings provide an experimental basis for soft rock tunnel stability analysis.
文摘High-performance magnesium alloys are in great demand to meet the lightweight design requirements of aircraft.Grain size has long been recognized as a key factor influencing the mechanical properties of alloys.This study investigates the effect of grain size,controlled by Zr addition,on the fatigue behavior of a recently developed low-cost Mg-2.6Nd-0.35Zn alloy,through systematic characterization and analysis of stress-life(S-N)curves,fatigue crack propagation,fracture surface morphology,stress intensity factor,and crack propagation threshold.The results show that after heat treatment(solution at 525±5℃ for 8 h and water quenching at 60-80℃,followed by aging at 250±5℃for 14 h and then air cooling),coarse-grained specimens(average grain size approximately 596μm)containing 0.12wt.%Zr exhibit greater resistance to fatigue crack propagation than fine-grained specimens(average grain size approximately 94μm)containing 0.46wt.%Zr.Coarse grains promote intergranular fracture,while fine grains favor transgranular fracture.In addition,coarse grains reduce the sensitivity of the crack tip to stress concentration.Furthermore,fine-grained samples demonstrate a longer total fatigue life,owing to their superior resistance to crack initiation,which significantly prolongs the crack initiation stage.These findings highlight the importance of optimizing grain size to achieve the best possible fatigue resistance in Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloys for practical engineering applications.
文摘Objectives:24-h movement behaviors(24-HMB),encompassing physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep duration,are increasingly regarded as interrelated and important factors for mental health.However,evidence on the comprehensive association of these behaviors with mental health in adults with diabetes in developing countries remains scarce.This study examined the association between 24-HMB guidelines and psychological health among adults with diabetes in developing countries.Methods:Data were retrieved from the World Health Organization’s study on Global Aging and Adult Health Survey dataset.Adults(N=1905)diagnosed with diabetes from five low-and middle-income countries were included.The exposure of interest was adherence to 24-HMB guidelines,depression,cognition,and quality of life(QoL).Multiple logistic and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and depression,cognition,and QoL,respectively.Results:This cross-sectional study revealed that 28.61%complied with all three 24-HMB guidelines.Diabetic patients who met more numbers of 24-HMB guidelines had lower depression risk(OR=0.74,95%CI:0.61 to 0.91,p=0.004),greater cognition(β=0.42,95%CI:0.25 to 0.60,p<0.001),and QoL(β=1.30,95%CI:1.04 to 1.55,p<0.001)with the non-compliant population.For specific combinations,meeting all three guidelines were significantly associated with lower odds of depression,improved cognitive function,and enhanced QoL(all p<0.001).Conclusion:These findings support that meeting 24-HMB guidelines in a single or combined movement behaviors was significantly related to reduced risk of depression,enhanced cognitive function,and improved QoL among individuals with diabetes.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2025ZD1405702)the Scientific Research and Technology Development Project of PetroChina Coalbed Methane Co.,Ltd.(Project No.25MQCTSG010)Applied Science and Technology Project of PetroChina Company Limited(2023ZZ18YJ04).
文摘Significant differences exist between deep and medium-shallow coalbed methane(CBM)reservoirs.The unclear understanding of flowback and production behavior severely constrains the development of deep CBM resources.To address this challenge,guided by the gas-liquid two-phase flow theory in ultra-low permeability reservoirs,and integrating theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and insights from production practices,this study classifies the flowback and production stages of deep CBM well considering the Daning-Jixian Block,Eastern Ordos Basin as a representative case.We summarize the flowback characteristics for each stage and establish a standard flowback production type curve,aiming to guide field operations.The results indicate that:(a)The production process of deep CBM horizontal wells can be divided into five distinct stages:initial single-phase water dewatering stage,initial gas appearance to peak water production stage,gas breakthrough to peak gas production stage,stable production and decline stage,and low-rate production stage.(b)Based on reservoir energy,two standard type curves for horizontal well flowback production are established:the‘Sufficient Reservoir Energy’type and the‘Insufficient Reservoir Energy’type.The former achieves a higher initial gas rate(up to 12×10^(4)m^(3)/d)but exhibits poorer stability,while the latter achieves a lower stable rate(up to 8×10^(4)m^(3)/d)but demonstrates stronger stability.Numerical simulation confirms these behavioral patterns and reveals the underlying mechanisms related to the effectively drained area where pressure is significantly depleted.The findings from this study have guided the flowback production operations in 53 deep CBM wells with positive results,demonstrating high potential for broad application.
文摘BACKGROUND Despite societal guidelines recommending targeted screening for Barrett’s esophagus(BE)and esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC)in individuals with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms(GERS),screening adherence is suboptimal.Current screening approaches fail to identify individuals not seeking medical consultation for GERS or whose GERS are managed with‘over-the-counter’(OTC)acid suppressant therapies.AIM To assess patients’self-management and help-seeking behavior for GERS.METHODS This cross-sectional study collected data from the Dutch general population aged 18-75 years between January and April 2023 using a web-based survey.The survey included questions regarding self-management(e.g.,use of acid suppressant therapy with or without prescription)and help-seeking behavior(e.g.,consulting a primary care provider)for GERS.Simple random sampling was performed to select individuals within the target age group.In total,18156 randomly selected individuals were invited to participate.The study protocol was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov(identifier:NCT05689918).RESULTS Of the 18156 invited individuals,3214 participants(17.7%)completed the survey,of which 1572 participants(48.9%)reported GERS.Of these,904 participants(57.5%)had never consulted a primary care provider for these symptoms,of which 331 participants(36.6%)reported taking OTC acid suppressant therapy in the past six months and 100 participants(11.1%)fulfilled the screening criteria for BE and EAC according to the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Guideline.CONCLUSION The population fulfilling the screening criteria for BE and EAC is incompletely identified,suggesting potential underutilization of medical consultation.Raising public awareness of GERS as a risk factor for EAC is needed.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52275206).
文摘There is a strong coupling relationship between the friction characteristics of the ball-groove interface and the ball motion behavior.However,available studies tend to consider ball motion and frictional behavior separately.In this paper,a unified tribology-kinematic model is established considering the coupling effect between friction and the ball velocity vector.The friction in ball-groove contact and ball speed are simultaneously measured by a newly developed disc-ball-disc device for studying friction and movement in ball screws.A comprehensive analysis of rubbing interface behavior and ball motion is conducted.The results show that the coupling effect between friction in ball-groove contact and ball motion is quite obvious.The sliding velocity of the ball is much higher with coupling effect than that when ignoring coupling influence,especially at high-speed conditions.The friction in ball-groove contact decreases at first and then shows a dramatic increase with the gradual rise of rotation speed,which is caused by the coupling variation of sliding speed.The studies show that the disc-ball-disc approach is an innovative and valuable method to investigate friction and ball motion in ball screws.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52271101)Suzhou Science and Technology Project,China(Nos.SYG202312,SJC2023005,SZS2023023)+1 种基金Nanjing Major Science and Technology Project,China(No.202309015)the Opening Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology,China(No.ASMA202305)。
文摘To investigate the aging mechanisms and elucidate the correlations between unstable microstructure and performance in biodegradable Zn alloys,the accelerated aging experiment was conducted on a high-performance wrought Zn−0.1Mg alloy by annealing at 200℃ for varying durations.The findings reveal that the tensile strength of the alloy rapidly and significantly declines with prolonged annealing time,decreasing from 383 MPa for the as-received alloy to 102 MPa for the alloy subjected to 1440 min of annealing.The primary factors contributing to this considerable reduction in strength are static recrystallization,grain coarsening,and dislocation annihilation.Initially,the ductility of the alloy shows fluctuations,ultimately experiencing a marked decrease after extended annealing.This decline is linked to the grain growth and heightened texture intensity,while the unusual increase in ductility observed between 30 and 120 min of annealing is likely due to the formation of twins.In addition,due to rapid grain growth and an increase in precipitates and twins,the corrosion resistance of the alloy in Hank’s solution has worsened,with the corrosion rate rising from 0.037 to 0.069 mm/a following 300 min of annealing.
基金financially supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2019-VII-0019-0161 and No.2019-VII-0004-0144)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.92360302)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.ZR2021QE103)。
文摘Turbine blades,due to their intricate geometry,are exposed to multiaxial stresses during operation.Consequently,it is imperative to examine the anisotropy of their stress-rupture behavior across various testing scenarios,particularly under high-temperature conditions.Stress-rupture behavior of a Ni-based single crystal superalloy was investigated under a load varying from 100 MPa to 137 MPa at 1,100℃ for both[001]-and[111]-orientated specimens.Results demonstrate that the rupture behavior of[111]-orientated specimens exhibits obviously higher sensitive to applied stress compared to[001]-orientated specimens.This difference is primarily attributed to the orientation dependentγ'coarsening behavior and distinct dislocation interactions atγ/γ'interfaces.In[001]-oriented specimens,plate-likeγ/γ'rafts rapidly form alongside well-developed interfacial dislocation networks,where theγ/γ'misfit stress dominates the microstructural evolution.In contrast,the[111]-orientated specimens exhibit retained,coarsenedγ'precipitates embedded within theγmatrix,accompanied by poorly developed interfacial dislocation networks.
