AIM:To estimate the cost-benefit of endoscopic screening strategies of esophageal cancer(EC)in high-risk areas of China. METHODS:Markov model-based analyses were conducted to compare the net present values(NPVs)and th...AIM:To estimate the cost-benefit of endoscopic screening strategies of esophageal cancer(EC)in high-risk areas of China. METHODS:Markov model-based analyses were conducted to compare the net present values(NPVs)and the benefit-cost ratios(BCRs)of 12 EC endoscopic screening strategies.Strategies varied according to the targeted screening age,screening frequencies,and follow-up intervals.Model parameters were collected from population-based studies in China,published literatures,and surveillance data. RESULTS:Compared with non-screening outcomes,all strategies with hypothetical 100 000 subjects saved life years.Among five dominant strategies determined by the incremental cost-effectiveness analysis,screening once at age 50 years incurred the lowest NPV(international dollar-I$55 million)and BCR(2.52).Screening six times between 40-70 years at a 5-year interval[i.e., six times(40)f-strategy]yielded the highest NPV(I$99 million)and BCR(3.06).Compared with six times(40)fstrategy,screening thrice between 40-70 years at a 10-year interval resulted in relatively lower NPV,but the same BCR. CONCLUSION:EC endoscopic screening is cost-beneficial in high-risk areas of China.Policy-makers should consider the cost-benefit,population acceptance,and local economic status when choosing suitable screening strategies.展开更多
ABSTRACT In year 2000, a book entitled the Pathology and Genetics of Tumors of the Digestive System was published by the WHO, presenting some new diagnostic criteria and treatment principles. I have analyzed the epide...ABSTRACT In year 2000, a book entitled the Pathology and Genetics of Tumors of the Digestive System was published by the WHO, presenting some new diagnostic criteria and treatment principles. I have analyzed the epidemiologic change of tumors in over 30 years in the high-risk area with esophageal cancer. The following phenomenon was found： accompanied by the sharp decrease in the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer, there was an increase in the incidence and death rate of stomach cancer involving cardiac cancer. This fact should be considered when analyzing the sharp decrease in esophageal cancer incidence and mortality rate. More attention was given to diagnosis of cardiac cancer; at the same time it is more practical to improve the early screening of cancers. To observe the development of high and low - grade intraepithelial neoplasms will be an urgent task for esophageal cancer research in the high risk area, according to WHO＇s new classification.展开更多
39 soil samples surrounding a lead-zinc mining area in Guangxi were collected,and the contents of Pb,Hg,Cd,Cr,As,Cu,Zn,and Ni were determined to investigate the pollution characteristics and sources of heavy metals.Ar...39 soil samples surrounding a lead-zinc mining area in Guangxi were collected,and the contents of Pb,Hg,Cd,Cr,As,Cu,Zn,and Ni were determined to investigate the pollution characteristics and sources of heavy metals.ArcGIS inverse distance weight difference method was used to analyze the characteristics of pollution distribution,and single-factor pollution index,Nemerow comprehensive pollution index,ground accumulation index,and potential ecological risk index were selected to evaluate the characteristics of heavy metal pollution.Based on correlation analysis,the absolute principal component-multiple linear regression(APCS-MLR)and positive definite matrix factorization(PMF)models were used to analyze the sources of soil heavy metals.The results showed that the average concentrations of all eight heavy metals exceeded both national and Guangxi soil background values.Hg,Cd,and Zn exhibited high variation(greater than 0.5),indicating significant external disturbances,and their spatial distribution was closely related to mining activity locations.The single-factor pollution index evaluation indicated varying degrees of pollution risk for Cd,Zn,and As,with Cd and Zn being the most severe pollutants,as 69.23%and 30.77%of the samples fell into the moderate pollution or higher category.The geoaccumulation index analysis ranked the mean pollution levels of the eight elements as follows:Zn>Cd>Ni>Pb>Cu>Cr>Hg>As,with Cd and Zn showing the most severe contamination,and 51.28%of the samples exhibiting moderate or higher pollution levels.The Nemerow comprehensive pollution index evaluation showed that 74.35%of soil samples were classified as moderate to heavy pollution.The potential ecological risk index assessment indicated significant ecological risks posed by Cd and Zn,with 82.05%and 5.12%of the samples classified as causing strong to extreme ecological risks,respectively.The source apportionment analysis revealed minor differences between the two models.The APCS-MLR model identified three pollution sources and their contribution rates:anthropogenic mining sources(31.13%),parent material sources(40.38%),and unidentified sources(28.49%).The PMF model identified three pollution sources with contribution rates of anthropogenic mining sources(26.10%),parent material sources(46.96%),and a combined traffic and agricultural source(26.61%).Pb,Hg,Cd,and Zn mainly originated from mining activities;Cr,As,and Ni were primarily derived from the parent material,while Cu was predominantly attributed to traffic and agricultural sources.These findings provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in mining areas.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the impact of maternal-infant separation on the physical and mental state of high-risk pregnancy patients and explore the clinical efficacy of targeted nursing interventions.Methods:A total of 80 ...Objective:To analyze the impact of maternal-infant separation on the physical and mental state of high-risk pregnancy patients and explore the clinical efficacy of targeted nursing interventions.Methods:A total of 80 high-risk pregnancy patients treated in our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the study subjects.These patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group(40 cases each)using a random number table.The control group received routine high-risk pregnancy nursing care,while the observation group received specialized maternal-infant separation nursing interventions in addition to routine care.The psychological and physiological states and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention.Results:The SAS scores,SDS scores,and sleep quality scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(p<0.05).The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the initiation time of lactation was significantly earlier than that in the control group,with both differences being statistically significant(p<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(80%vs.32/40),with a statistically significant difference(p<0.05).Conclusion:Maternal-infant separation exacerbates anxiety and depression in high-risk pregnancy patients,reduces sleep quality,increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage,and delays the initiation of lactation.Specialized nursing interventions for maternal-infant separation can improve the physical and mental state of high-risk pregnancy patients,reduce the incidence of postpartum complications,and enhance nursing satisfaction,making them worthy of clinical application and promotion.展开更多
Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the levels of 12 cytokines in the cervical microenvironment and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus...Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the levels of 12 cytokines in the cervical microenvironment and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV)infection.Methods Female patients(n=73)with HR-HPV infection were enrolled and divided into a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL)group(n=33)and a non-HSIL(N-HSIL)group(n=40),which include low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and inflammation.Healthy screening subjects(n=31)with negative HR-HPV results were enrolled as a control group.We examined contemporaneous plasma and secretory cytokines from 25 study subjects to investigate the difference between systemic cytokine profiles and the local microenvironment immunity using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test.The 12 cytokines from cervical secretions were compared between the three groups using the Mann-Whitney test,and logistic regression was used to analyze HSIL and N-HSIL.Results There were statistical differences in eight cytokines(IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-1β,IL-12p70,IFN-α,and IL-8)between cervical secretion and plasma of the same patient,and seven cytokines were statistically different between the control and other two groups.We selected four independent variables(TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-12p70,and IFN-α)commonly identified by univariate regression analysis and non-parametric tests for multivariate logistic regression analysis.Based on this model,HSIL could be predicted in patients with HR-HPV infection,with the area under the curve being 0.76.Conclusion The systemic cytokine profile cannot reflect the local microenvironment immunity,and the occurrence of HSIL is related to the cytokine levels in the cervical microenvironment.展开更多
The promotion of rural revitalization within the ecological conservation areas(“ECAs”) requires a careful balance between ecological protection and economic development and should be guided by the principle of ecolo...The promotion of rural revitalization within the ecological conservation areas(“ECAs”) requires a careful balance between ecological protection and economic development and should be guided by the principle of ecological priority. The cultivation of rural “Local Specialty Products”(“LSPs”) under a green-development framework aligns with the functional positioning of these areas, drives the revitalization of rural industries, and constitutes a fundamental strategy for addressing the unique challenges they face. Although ECAs possess inherent advantages in terms of developing LSPs, they are also confronted by multiple constraints. Accordingly, we propose development objectives that emphasize(a) driving rural industrial prosperity,(b) enhancing the appeal of agricultural heritage, and(c) ensuring inclusive prosperity in the farming communities. In selecting pathways for growth, priority should be given to improving the quality of products, fostering distinctiveness of the technologies, nurturing cultural identities, and upholding the principle of common prosperity. From a policy standpoint, the development of rural LSPs should be recognized as a key lever for advancing the comprehensiveness of rural revitalization in the ECAs. We recommend a set of supportive measures—namely, reinforcing the guidance for spatial planning, integrating the consolidation of factor inputs, and ensuring the robustness of organizational guarantees—to facilitate the high-quality development of LSPs in these areas.展开更多
High-Mg andesites(HMAs)typically originate in subduction-related tectonic settings,including active continental margins and island arcs,and studies of HMAs can constrain the tectonic evolution of the South China Block...High-Mg andesites(HMAs)typically originate in subduction-related tectonic settings,including active continental margins and island arcs,and studies of HMAs can constrain the tectonic evolution of the South China Block and Paleo-Tethyan Ocean.This paper presents new chronological and geochemical data for high-Mg gabbroic diorites in the Funing area,southern South China.The gabbroic diorites yield ages of 254-249 Ma,and have moderate SiO2 contents(51.3%-57.8%),high MgO contents(4.6%-10.2%)and Mg^(#)values(52-75),enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements and light rare earth elements,and depletion in high-field-strength elements-collectively displaying geochemical signatures typical of sanukites.The gabbroic diorites have radiogenic initial Sr and Pb isotopic compositions,and negativeεNd(t)andεHf(t)values.These characteristics distinguish the Funing gabbroic diorites from subduction-related igneous rocks in the Paleo-Pacific tectonic domain.Instead,they are isotopically similar to HMAs and basalts along the Paleo-Tethys suture.We propose the high-Mg gabbroic diorites and basaltic andesites in Funing area share a common mantle source,linked to subduction and rollback of the Paleo-Tethyan plate beneath the South China Block,which triggered back-arc rifting and partial melting of the metasomatized lithospheric mantle during the Late Permian to Early Triassic.展开更多
To conduct marine surveys,multiple unmanned surface vessels(Multi-USV)with different capabilities perform collaborative mapping in multiple designated areas.This paper proposes a task allocation algorithm based on int...To conduct marine surveys,multiple unmanned surface vessels(Multi-USV)with different capabilities perform collaborative mapping in multiple designated areas.This paper proposes a task allocation algorithm based on integer linear programming(ILP)with flow balance constraints,ensuring the fair and efficient distribution of sub-areas among USVs and maintaining strong connectivity of assigned regions.In the established gridmap,a search-based path planning algorithm is performed on the sub-areas according to the allocation scheme.It uses the greedy algorithm and the A*algorithm to achieve complete coverage of the barrier-free area and obtain an efficient trajectory of each USV.The greedy algorithm enables fast local traversal of unvisited grids,while the A*algorithm ensures navigation to escape from deadlock areas and maintains global path continuity.The comparison of task allocation results proves that the task allocation algorithm based on ILP improves the mapping efficiency and task distribution fairness.The proposed allocation method and result analysis provide a certain reference for the practical application ofMulti-USV to perform survey tasks collaboratively.展开更多
The Dongsha area,a key target for gas hydrate exploration,is influenced by multiple factors,including sedimentary processes and the paleoenvironment,which play critical roles in gas hydrate formation.To elucidate the ...The Dongsha area,a key target for gas hydrate exploration,is influenced by multiple factors,including sedimentary processes and the paleoenvironment,which play critical roles in gas hydrate formation.To elucidate the coupling among sedimentary processes,paleoenvironment,and gas hydrate accumulation,this study investigates the Site DS-W16 using particle size analysis,biological component content,and geochemistry data.Oxygen isotope data from foraminifera and biostratigraphic evidence indicate that sedimentation at the bottom of core interval from Site DS-W16 began during MIS 11(Marine isotope stage).The sedimentation dynamics of the studied layers are complex,involving gravity flows,traction currents,and suspended deposition.Organic matter shows a significant correlation with transgressive-regressive cycle.The site DS-W16 contains two distinct gas hydrate reservoirs:a shallow reservoir(10-24 mbsf)and a deep reservoir(below 182 mbsf).The paleomarine environment influences gas hydrate accumulation by altering sedimentary processes and sediment characteristics,especially the distribution of biological components.Both shallow and deep gas hydrate reservoirs formed under dynamic conditions dominated by traction currents and are characterized by a higher abundance of foraminifera.Sedimentary layers rich in foraminifera and modified by traction currents represent key intervals for preferential gas hydrate accumulation.展开更多
Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)are widely utilized in area coverage tasks due to their flexibility and efficiency in geo-graphic information acquisition.However,complex boundary conditions in actual water area maps oft...Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)are widely utilized in area coverage tasks due to their flexibility and efficiency in geo-graphic information acquisition.However,complex boundary conditions in actual water area maps often reduce coverage efficiency.To address this issue,this paper proposes a map preprocessing algorithm that linearizes boundary lines and processes concave areas into concave polygons,followed by gridding the map.Additionally,a collaborative area coverage method for UAV swarms is introduced based on region partitioning,which considers the comprehensive cost of energy consumption and time.An improved Hungarian algorithm is utilized for region partitioning,and a Dubins-A*-based plow-ing area full coverage path planning method is proposed to achieve path smoothing and collaborative coverage of each partition.Two sets of simulation experiments are conducted.The first experiment verifies the effectiveness of the map preprocessing algorithm,and the second compares the proposed collaborative area coverage algorithm with other methods,demonstrating its performance advantages.展开更多
Addressing the widespread issues of internal fragmentation within protected areas and the neglect of surrounding critical habitat networks,this study aims to develop an assessment framework for the precise identificat...Addressing the widespread issues of internal fragmentation within protected areas and the neglect of surrounding critical habitat networks,this study aims to develop an assessment framework for the precise identification and remediation of regional conservation gaps.To this end,we introduce the Framework for Conservation Priority Identification(FCPI).The framework integrates Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis(MSPA),the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI),Circuit Theory,and the Minimum Cumulative Resistance(MCR)model to formulate a multidimensional conservation priority index.This index facilitates the identification of critical ecological network components and enables the dynamic prioritization of conservation efforts.A case study of Fuzhou City from 2014 to 2020 reveals that despite an overall improvement in regional environmental quality,the functionality of core ecological sources has markedly declined.Between 2014 and 2020,the number of ecological sources grew by 76.9%,yet their total area shrank by 13.9%.Concurrently,the number of ecological corridors rose from 27 to 53,extending their total length by 380.23 km,which indicates an intensifying trend of habitat fragmentation.Furthermore,a significant number of crucial ecological network nodes,particularly within Minhou County,lie explicitly outside the existing protected area system.This confirms the presence of conservation gaps and unveils the spatiotemporal dynamics of shifting conservation priorities.The research validates that the proposed FCPI can effectively diagnose the dynamic deficiencies within conservation systems.It offers scientific decisionsupport for local governments,facilitating a transition from isolated conservation efforts towards systematic and comprehensive ecological network governance.展开更多
The establishment of plantations has become a critical approach for reducing greenhouse gas emissions,particularly in fragile environments with carbon sequestration potential.In karst areas,plantations based on fastgr...The establishment of plantations has become a critical approach for reducing greenhouse gas emissions,particularly in fragile environments with carbon sequestration potential.In karst areas,plantations based on fastgrowing afforestation species made significant contributions to enhancing carbon sequestration.However,the impact of understory vegetation on carbon accumulation remains unclear.Especially,the carbon accumulation associated with litter produced during the replacement of understory species receives insufficient attention,which leads to the neglect of the carbon sequestration potential in plantations of karst areas.Leaf is a crucial organ that links the litter production.To explore how leaf traits adapt to competitive environments and drive litter carbon accumulation during understory species replacement,this study observed leaf traits and litter carbon content changes in three types of plantations in the Liujiang River Basin,a typical karst area.A total of 37 sampling plots were selected for field investigation over a twoyear period.Leaf traits,species diversity,vegetation coverage,and litter carbon characteristics in understory vegetation were measured.Variance analysis,allometric equations,and path analysis were used for data analysis.The results showed that most understory species adopted a biomass conservation strategy under high-coverage conditions(>44.27%)and expanded competitive leaf area under low-coverage conditions(<44.27%).However,Bidens pilosa and Miscanthus floridulus exhibited strong competitiveness during understory species replacement.They showed an expansion of competitive leaf area under high-coverage conditions.This competitive strategy reduced species diversity and community specific leaf area.But the rapid expansion of Bidens pilosa and Miscanthus floridulus increased understory vegetation coverage,and their increased specific leaf area facilitated leaf shedding,resulting in significant litter weight accumulation(P<0.05),thereby enhancing litter carbon content per unit area.These competitive strategies were key driving factors for the increase in litter carbon content per square meter,which reached a maximum of 49.6% higher than that in natural grasslands.And the maximum increase in litter carbon accumulation derived from understory vegetation reached 3.37 times from 2023 to 2024 in plantations.In the understory vegetation of plantations,the competitive strategies reflected by leaf adaptation of key competitive species are critical factors influencing litter carbon accumulation.Future research could deeply explore the carbon sequestration effects resulting from the dynamic changes in competition within the understory vegetation of plantations.展开更多
The specific surface area(S S)and pore size(D)exhibit an inherent trade-off in the microscale design of bone implants:larger pores typically correlate with reduced surface area and vice versa.This relationship has att...The specific surface area(S S)and pore size(D)exhibit an inherent trade-off in the microscale design of bone implants:larger pores typically correlate with reduced surface area and vice versa.This relationship has attracted notable attention because of its critical role in the regulation of cell adhesion and osteogenesis.However,it remains largely unclear how S S and D affect the generated bone tissue and dynamically change during long-term osteogenesis.Herein,by applying rigorous geometric mapping to minimal surfaces,we constructed precisely partitioned and layer-by-layer thickened tissue models to simulate osteogenesis across different temporal scales and thereby track the dynamic evolution of geometric characteristics,permeability,and mechanobiological tissue differentiation.The high-S S samples were found to facilitate the rapid formation of new bone tissue in the early stages.However,their smaller pores tended to cause occlusions,hindering further tissue development.In contrast,low-S S samples showed slower bone regeneration,but their larger pores provided adequate physical space for tissue regeneration and mass transport,ultimately promoting bone formation in the long term.Mechanobiological regulation suggests that fibrous tissue formation inhibits additional bone formation,establishing a dynamic equilibrium between osteogenesis and pore space to sustain nutrient/waste exchange throughout the regenerative process.Overall,smaller pores are preferable in implants for minimally loaded osteoplasty procedures focused on early-stage bone consolidation,whereas larger pores are preferable in dynamically loaded implants requiring prolonged mechanical stability.展开更多
Wi-Fi technology has evolved significantly since its introduction in 1997,advancing to Wi-Fi 6 as the latest standard,with Wi-Fi 7 currently under development.Despite these advancements,integrating machine learning in...Wi-Fi technology has evolved significantly since its introduction in 1997,advancing to Wi-Fi 6 as the latest standard,with Wi-Fi 7 currently under development.Despite these advancements,integrating machine learning into Wi-Fi networks remains challenging,especially in decentralized environments with multiple access points(mAPs).This paper is a short review that summarizes the potential applications of federated reinforcement learning(FRL)across eight key areas of Wi-Fi functionality,including channel access,link adaptation,beamforming,multi-user transmissions,channel bonding,multi-link operation,spatial reuse,and multi-basic servic set(multi-BSS)coordination.FRL is highlighted as a promising framework for enabling decentralized training and decision-making while preserving data privacy.To illustrate its role in practice,we present a case study on link activation in a multi-link operation(MLO)environment with multiple APs.Through theoretical discussion and simulation results,the study demonstrates how FRL can improve performance and reliability,paving the way for more adaptive and collaborative Wi-Fi networks in the era of Wi-Fi 7 and beyond.展开更多
The Ordos Basin is a large superimposed hydrocarbon-bearing basin in China,and further research on the sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary evolution of the sequence framework of target layers is of great theor...The Ordos Basin is a large superimposed hydrocarbon-bearing basin in China,and further research on the sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary evolution of the sequence framework of target layers is of great theoretical and practical significance for guiding oil and gas exploration.The sedimentary facies and sedimentary evolution of the high-resolution sequence framework of the Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation in the Hangjinqi area have been systematically analyzed for the first time by drilling,logging and seismic data.The results show that four types of sequence interfaces can be identified in the Taiyuan Formation:regional unconformity surfaces,scour surfaces,lithologic-lithofacies transformation surfaces and flooding surfaces.According to the sedimentary response caused by the upward and downward movements of the base level at different levels,the Taiyuan Formation can be divided into 2 long-term cycles(LSC_(1)-LSC_(2)),4 mid-term cycles(MSC_(1)-MSC4)and 7 short-term cycles(SSC_(1)-SSC7).The long-and mid-term cycles correspond to members T_(1)and T_(2)and layers T_(1)-1,T_(1-2),T_(2-1),and T_(2)-2,respectively.Long-term cycles are dominated by C_(1);mid-term cycles are dominated by C_(1)and C_(2),followed by A2;and short-term cycles are dominated by C_(1),C_(2),A1 and A2.Under the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework,the Hangjinqi area underwent a transformation of fan delta and tidal flat depositional systems during the Taiyuan Formation sedimentary period.In the MSC_(1)-MSC_(2)stage,owing to a large-scale paleocontinent,the fan delta sedimentary body,which was limited in scale and scope,developed only in the southeastern corner and gradually transitioned basinward to tidal flat facies.In the MSC3-MSC4 stage,as the paleocontinent continuously decreased and the sedimentary range expanded,fan-delta plain sedimentation began in the study area.Several braided distributary channels with poor connectivity developed on the fan-delta plain,and between them were floodplains and peat swamps.展开更多
Impact craters are important for understanding the evolution of lunar geologic and surface erosion rates,among other functions.However,the morphological characteristics of these micro impact craters are not obvious an...Impact craters are important for understanding the evolution of lunar geologic and surface erosion rates,among other functions.However,the morphological characteristics of these micro impact craters are not obvious and they are numerous,resulting in low detection accuracy by deep learning models.Therefore,we proposed a new multi-scale fusion crater detection algorithm(MSF-CDA)based on the YOLO11 to improve the accuracy of lunar impact crater detection,especially for small craters with a diameter of<1 km.Using the images taken by the LROC(Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera)at the Chang’e-4(CE-4)landing area,we constructed three separate datasets for craters with diameters of 0-70 m,70-140 m,and>140 m.We then trained three submodels separately with these three datasets.Additionally,we designed a slicing-amplifying-slicing strategy to enhance the ability to extract features from small craters.To handle redundant predictions,we proposed a new Non-Maximum Suppression with Area Filtering method to fuse the results in overlapping targets within the multi-scale submodels.Finally,our new MSF-CDA method achieved high detection performance,with the Precision,Recall,and F1 score having values of 0.991,0.987,and 0.989,respectively,perfectly addressing the problems induced by the lesser features and sample imbalance of small craters.Our MSF-CDA can provide strong data support for more in-depth study of the geological evolution of the lunar surface and finer geological age estimations.This strategy can also be used to detect other small objects with lesser features and sample imbalance problems.We detected approximately 500,000 impact craters in an area of approximately 214 km2 around the CE-4 landing area.By statistically analyzing the new data,we updated the distribution function of the number and diameter of impact craters.Finally,we identified the most suitable lighting conditions for detecting impact crater targets by analyzing the effect of different lighting conditions on the detection accuracy.展开更多
We investigated the impact of convexity and isoperimetric deficits on the accuracy of sectional area estimates of tree stems using traditional methods(caliper,tape,formulas based on stem diameter and circumference).In...We investigated the impact of convexity and isoperimetric deficits on the accuracy of sectional area estimates of tree stems using traditional methods(caliper,tape,formulas based on stem diameter and circumference).In two complementary experiments,the use of photographs to estimate cross-sectional areas was first validated,then the use of a caliper and diameter tape was computer-simulated.The results indicated that the photographic method offers high precision,with mean relative errors below 0.1%,minimal deviation,and no significant bias,and the traditional methods led to substantial and systematic errors,with deviations from circularity and convexity significantly increasing the errors in area estimation.展开更多
Against the background of rapid urbanization and the“Dual Carbon”goals,analyzing the impact mechanisms of land use change on carbon metabolism is crucial for regional sustainable development.Taking the Guangdong-Hon...Against the background of rapid urbanization and the“Dual Carbon”goals,analyzing the impact mechanisms of land use change on carbon metabolism is crucial for regional sustainable development.Taking the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA)as the study area,we integrate energy consumption data and the Forest Carbon Sequestration(FCS)model to clarify the land use carbon metabolism status based on Ecological Network Analysis(ENA),and systematically analyze the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of urban land use carbon metabolism,interactions between land types,as well as its driving mechanisms in the GBA from 2000 to 2023.The results show that:(1)Over the past two decades,land use changes have exhibited a significant characteristic of“natural land retreat and construction land expansion”,with areas of cropland,forest,and waterbody shrank by 16%,4%,and 4% respectively,while urban land and industrial land increased by 50%and 438%respectively;76% of the reclaimed land was transferred to construction land.(2)The imbalance of carbon metabolism was jointly affected by land use patterns and land use change processes:carbon emissions from energy consumption surged by 116%,while land carbon sequestration capacity decreased by 12%;in most periods,the negative carbon flow from land use change exceeded positive flows,with both showing sharp fluctuations.(3)Construction land in various cities dominated the carbon flow network through control or exploitation relationships,and the mutual transfer between industrial land and cropland is the primary driver;ecological land protection policies(e.g.,the forest“in-out balance”scheme)effectively reduced the intensity of competition relationship.(4)The push-pull forces of land types demonstrate the dual effect of industrialization and urbanization,but their contribution has gradually weakened as the speed of urbanization declined in various cities;the proportion of the indirect carbon flow reached a maximum of 37%(2005-2010),indicating that the indirect impact of land use change cannot be ignored.This study deepens the understanding of the land-carbon interactions,reveals the implicit effects of the“policy implementation-land use change-carbon flow generation”transmission chain,and proposes a“construction land-cropland-ecological land”constraint system and a synergistic path of industrial land intensification and inefficient land ecological restoration.It provides methodological support for low-carbon governance at the urban agglomeration scale.展开更多
The concept of geographical indication is similar to the idea of authentic medicinal herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. This paper examines the geographical indication (GI) resources of medicinal herbs in the Wuli...The concept of geographical indication is similar to the idea of authentic medicinal herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. This paper examines the geographical indication (GI) resources of medicinal herbs in the Wuling Mountain Area from various perspectives, including geographical indication products, geographical indication trademarks, China s geographical indication products mutually recognized and protected with the EU, geographical indication standards, and the exclusive geographical indication logo. It studies the regional public brand characteristics of Chinese authentic medicinal herbs, based on hometown of authentic Chinese medicinal herbs, advantageous regions of characteristic agricultural products, important agricultural cultural heritage, national famous and excellent new agricultural products, national characteristic agricultural products, geographical indication Chinese well-known trademarks, advantageous regions of characteristic agricultural products, and regional public brands of agricultural products. It analyzes the main problems in the protection of geographical indications and the creation of regional public brands, and proposes suggestions for building high-quality authentic medicinal herb bases, developing new quality productivity in the authentic medicinal herb industry, implementing regional brand strategies for authentic medicinal herbs, constructing a new development pattern of dual circulation authentic medicinal herbs, etc.展开更多
基金Supported by The National Science and Technology Pillar Program of the 11th National Five-Year Plan of China,No. 2006BAI02A15
文摘AIM:To estimate the cost-benefit of endoscopic screening strategies of esophageal cancer(EC)in high-risk areas of China. METHODS:Markov model-based analyses were conducted to compare the net present values(NPVs)and the benefit-cost ratios(BCRs)of 12 EC endoscopic screening strategies.Strategies varied according to the targeted screening age,screening frequencies,and follow-up intervals.Model parameters were collected from population-based studies in China,published literatures,and surveillance data. RESULTS:Compared with non-screening outcomes,all strategies with hypothetical 100 000 subjects saved life years.Among five dominant strategies determined by the incremental cost-effectiveness analysis,screening once at age 50 years incurred the lowest NPV(international dollar-I$55 million)and BCR(2.52).Screening six times between 40-70 years at a 5-year interval[i.e., six times(40)f-strategy]yielded the highest NPV(I$99 million)and BCR(3.06).Compared with six times(40)fstrategy,screening thrice between 40-70 years at a 10-year interval resulted in relatively lower NPV,but the same BCR. CONCLUSION:EC endoscopic screening is cost-beneficial in high-risk areas of China.Policy-makers should consider the cost-benefit,population acceptance,and local economic status when choosing suitable screening strategies.
文摘ABSTRACT In year 2000, a book entitled the Pathology and Genetics of Tumors of the Digestive System was published by the WHO, presenting some new diagnostic criteria and treatment principles. I have analyzed the epidemiologic change of tumors in over 30 years in the high-risk area with esophageal cancer. The following phenomenon was found： accompanied by the sharp decrease in the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer, there was an increase in the incidence and death rate of stomach cancer involving cardiac cancer. This fact should be considered when analyzing the sharp decrease in esophageal cancer incidence and mortality rate. More attention was given to diagnosis of cardiac cancer; at the same time it is more practical to improve the early screening of cancers. To observe the development of high and low - grade intraepithelial neoplasms will be an urgent task for esophageal cancer research in the high risk area, according to WHO＇s new classification.
文摘39 soil samples surrounding a lead-zinc mining area in Guangxi were collected,and the contents of Pb,Hg,Cd,Cr,As,Cu,Zn,and Ni were determined to investigate the pollution characteristics and sources of heavy metals.ArcGIS inverse distance weight difference method was used to analyze the characteristics of pollution distribution,and single-factor pollution index,Nemerow comprehensive pollution index,ground accumulation index,and potential ecological risk index were selected to evaluate the characteristics of heavy metal pollution.Based on correlation analysis,the absolute principal component-multiple linear regression(APCS-MLR)and positive definite matrix factorization(PMF)models were used to analyze the sources of soil heavy metals.The results showed that the average concentrations of all eight heavy metals exceeded both national and Guangxi soil background values.Hg,Cd,and Zn exhibited high variation(greater than 0.5),indicating significant external disturbances,and their spatial distribution was closely related to mining activity locations.The single-factor pollution index evaluation indicated varying degrees of pollution risk for Cd,Zn,and As,with Cd and Zn being the most severe pollutants,as 69.23%and 30.77%of the samples fell into the moderate pollution or higher category.The geoaccumulation index analysis ranked the mean pollution levels of the eight elements as follows:Zn>Cd>Ni>Pb>Cu>Cr>Hg>As,with Cd and Zn showing the most severe contamination,and 51.28%of the samples exhibiting moderate or higher pollution levels.The Nemerow comprehensive pollution index evaluation showed that 74.35%of soil samples were classified as moderate to heavy pollution.The potential ecological risk index assessment indicated significant ecological risks posed by Cd and Zn,with 82.05%and 5.12%of the samples classified as causing strong to extreme ecological risks,respectively.The source apportionment analysis revealed minor differences between the two models.The APCS-MLR model identified three pollution sources and their contribution rates:anthropogenic mining sources(31.13%),parent material sources(40.38%),and unidentified sources(28.49%).The PMF model identified three pollution sources with contribution rates of anthropogenic mining sources(26.10%),parent material sources(46.96%),and a combined traffic and agricultural source(26.61%).Pb,Hg,Cd,and Zn mainly originated from mining activities;Cr,As,and Ni were primarily derived from the parent material,while Cu was predominantly attributed to traffic and agricultural sources.These findings provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in mining areas.
文摘Objective:To analyze the impact of maternal-infant separation on the physical and mental state of high-risk pregnancy patients and explore the clinical efficacy of targeted nursing interventions.Methods:A total of 80 high-risk pregnancy patients treated in our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the study subjects.These patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group(40 cases each)using a random number table.The control group received routine high-risk pregnancy nursing care,while the observation group received specialized maternal-infant separation nursing interventions in addition to routine care.The psychological and physiological states and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention.Results:The SAS scores,SDS scores,and sleep quality scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(p<0.05).The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the initiation time of lactation was significantly earlier than that in the control group,with both differences being statistically significant(p<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(80%vs.32/40),with a statistically significant difference(p<0.05).Conclusion:Maternal-infant separation exacerbates anxiety and depression in high-risk pregnancy patients,reduces sleep quality,increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage,and delays the initiation of lactation.Specialized nursing interventions for maternal-infant separation can improve the physical and mental state of high-risk pregnancy patients,reduce the incidence of postpartum complications,and enhance nursing satisfaction,making them worthy of clinical application and promotion.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2308800)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(25ZR1402053)the Key Discipline of Public Health of the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(Grant No.GWVI-11.1-07).
文摘Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the levels of 12 cytokines in the cervical microenvironment and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV)infection.Methods Female patients(n=73)with HR-HPV infection were enrolled and divided into a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL)group(n=33)and a non-HSIL(N-HSIL)group(n=40),which include low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and inflammation.Healthy screening subjects(n=31)with negative HR-HPV results were enrolled as a control group.We examined contemporaneous plasma and secretory cytokines from 25 study subjects to investigate the difference between systemic cytokine profiles and the local microenvironment immunity using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test.The 12 cytokines from cervical secretions were compared between the three groups using the Mann-Whitney test,and logistic regression was used to analyze HSIL and N-HSIL.Results There were statistical differences in eight cytokines(IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-1β,IL-12p70,IFN-α,and IL-8)between cervical secretion and plasma of the same patient,and seven cytokines were statistically different between the control and other two groups.We selected four independent variables(TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-12p70,and IFN-α)commonly identified by univariate regression analysis and non-parametric tests for multivariate logistic regression analysis.Based on this model,HSIL could be predicted in patients with HR-HPV infection,with the area under the curve being 0.76.Conclusion The systemic cytokine profile cannot reflect the local microenvironment immunity,and the occurrence of HSIL is related to the cytokine levels in the cervical microenvironment.
基金a phased research outcome report of the Major Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,“Research on Major Issues in Improving the Mechanisms and Institutions for Integrated Urban-Rural Development”(Project No. 2024YZD008)。
文摘The promotion of rural revitalization within the ecological conservation areas(“ECAs”) requires a careful balance between ecological protection and economic development and should be guided by the principle of ecological priority. The cultivation of rural “Local Specialty Products”(“LSPs”) under a green-development framework aligns with the functional positioning of these areas, drives the revitalization of rural industries, and constitutes a fundamental strategy for addressing the unique challenges they face. Although ECAs possess inherent advantages in terms of developing LSPs, they are also confronted by multiple constraints. Accordingly, we propose development objectives that emphasize(a) driving rural industrial prosperity,(b) enhancing the appeal of agricultural heritage, and(c) ensuring inclusive prosperity in the farming communities. In selecting pathways for growth, priority should be given to improving the quality of products, fostering distinctiveness of the technologies, nurturing cultural identities, and upholding the principle of common prosperity. From a policy standpoint, the development of rural LSPs should be recognized as a key lever for advancing the comprehensiveness of rural revitalization in the ECAs. We recommend a set of supportive measures—namely, reinforcing the guidance for spatial planning, integrating the consolidation of factor inputs, and ensuring the robustness of organizational guarantees—to facilitate the high-quality development of LSPs in these areas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42473063)Guike AD24010023, the Seventh Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Bagui Scholars Program (to LIU Xijun)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundations of China (2025GXNSFBA069054)
文摘High-Mg andesites(HMAs)typically originate in subduction-related tectonic settings,including active continental margins and island arcs,and studies of HMAs can constrain the tectonic evolution of the South China Block and Paleo-Tethyan Ocean.This paper presents new chronological and geochemical data for high-Mg gabbroic diorites in the Funing area,southern South China.The gabbroic diorites yield ages of 254-249 Ma,and have moderate SiO2 contents(51.3%-57.8%),high MgO contents(4.6%-10.2%)and Mg^(#)values(52-75),enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements and light rare earth elements,and depletion in high-field-strength elements-collectively displaying geochemical signatures typical of sanukites.The gabbroic diorites have radiogenic initial Sr and Pb isotopic compositions,and negativeεNd(t)andεHf(t)values.These characteristics distinguish the Funing gabbroic diorites from subduction-related igneous rocks in the Paleo-Pacific tectonic domain.Instead,they are isotopically similar to HMAs and basalts along the Paleo-Tethys suture.We propose the high-Mg gabbroic diorites and basaltic andesites in Funing area share a common mantle source,linked to subduction and rollback of the Paleo-Tethyan plate beneath the South China Block,which triggered back-arc rifting and partial melting of the metasomatized lithospheric mantle during the Late Permian to Early Triassic.
基金supported in part by the International Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou Development District under Grant 2023GH08the Science and Technology Development Fund,MSAR,under Grants 0029/2022/AGJ and 0029/2023/RIA1the Program of Guangdong under Grant 2023A0505020003.
文摘To conduct marine surveys,multiple unmanned surface vessels(Multi-USV)with different capabilities perform collaborative mapping in multiple designated areas.This paper proposes a task allocation algorithm based on integer linear programming(ILP)with flow balance constraints,ensuring the fair and efficient distribution of sub-areas among USVs and maintaining strong connectivity of assigned regions.In the established gridmap,a search-based path planning algorithm is performed on the sub-areas according to the allocation scheme.It uses the greedy algorithm and the A*algorithm to achieve complete coverage of the barrier-free area and obtain an efficient trajectory of each USV.The greedy algorithm enables fast local traversal of unvisited grids,while the A*algorithm ensures navigation to escape from deadlock areas and maintains global path continuity.The comparison of task allocation results proves that the task allocation algorithm based on ILP improves the mapping efficiency and task distribution fairness.The proposed allocation method and result analysis provide a certain reference for the practical application ofMulti-USV to perform survey tasks collaboratively.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42376217)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.3-7-10-2025-03)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFC2814702).
文摘The Dongsha area,a key target for gas hydrate exploration,is influenced by multiple factors,including sedimentary processes and the paleoenvironment,which play critical roles in gas hydrate formation.To elucidate the coupling among sedimentary processes,paleoenvironment,and gas hydrate accumulation,this study investigates the Site DS-W16 using particle size analysis,biological component content,and geochemistry data.Oxygen isotope data from foraminifera and biostratigraphic evidence indicate that sedimentation at the bottom of core interval from Site DS-W16 began during MIS 11(Marine isotope stage).The sedimentation dynamics of the studied layers are complex,involving gravity flows,traction currents,and suspended deposition.Organic matter shows a significant correlation with transgressive-regressive cycle.The site DS-W16 contains two distinct gas hydrate reservoirs:a shallow reservoir(10-24 mbsf)and a deep reservoir(below 182 mbsf).The paleomarine environment influences gas hydrate accumulation by altering sedimentary processes and sediment characteristics,especially the distribution of biological components.Both shallow and deep gas hydrate reservoirs formed under dynamic conditions dominated by traction currents and are characterized by a higher abundance of foraminifera.Sedimentary layers rich in foraminifera and modified by traction currents represent key intervals for preferential gas hydrate accumulation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62402020,62303022)Beijing Nova Program(20240484720)+1 种基金Project of Cultivation for Young Top-Notch Talents of Beijing Municipal Institutions(BPHR202203043)BTBU Digital Business Platform Project byBMEC.
文摘Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)are widely utilized in area coverage tasks due to their flexibility and efficiency in geo-graphic information acquisition.However,complex boundary conditions in actual water area maps often reduce coverage efficiency.To address this issue,this paper proposes a map preprocessing algorithm that linearizes boundary lines and processes concave areas into concave polygons,followed by gridding the map.Additionally,a collaborative area coverage method for UAV swarms is introduced based on region partitioning,which considers the comprehensive cost of energy consumption and time.An improved Hungarian algorithm is utilized for region partitioning,and a Dubins-A*-based plow-ing area full coverage path planning method is proposed to achieve path smoothing and collaborative coverage of each partition.Two sets of simulation experiments are conducted.The first experiment verifies the effectiveness of the map preprocessing algorithm,and the second compares the proposed collaborative area coverage algorithm with other methods,demonstrating its performance advantages.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2023J01434)the Science and Technology Innovation Special Fund Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(KFb22028XA)。
文摘Addressing the widespread issues of internal fragmentation within protected areas and the neglect of surrounding critical habitat networks,this study aims to develop an assessment framework for the precise identification and remediation of regional conservation gaps.To this end,we introduce the Framework for Conservation Priority Identification(FCPI).The framework integrates Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis(MSPA),the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI),Circuit Theory,and the Minimum Cumulative Resistance(MCR)model to formulate a multidimensional conservation priority index.This index facilitates the identification of critical ecological network components and enables the dynamic prioritization of conservation efforts.A case study of Fuzhou City from 2014 to 2020 reveals that despite an overall improvement in regional environmental quality,the functionality of core ecological sources has markedly declined.Between 2014 and 2020,the number of ecological sources grew by 76.9%,yet their total area shrank by 13.9%.Concurrently,the number of ecological corridors rose from 27 to 53,extending their total length by 380.23 km,which indicates an intensifying trend of habitat fragmentation.Furthermore,a significant number of crucial ecological network nodes,particularly within Minhou County,lie explicitly outside the existing protected area system.This confirms the presence of conservation gaps and unveils the spatiotemporal dynamics of shifting conservation priorities.The research validates that the proposed FCPI can effectively diagnose the dynamic deficiencies within conservation systems.It offers scientific decisionsupport for local governments,facilitating a transition from isolated conservation efforts towards systematic and comprehensive ecological network governance.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Foundation supported by Yunnan Agricultural University(A3012024035044)International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42361144885).
文摘The establishment of plantations has become a critical approach for reducing greenhouse gas emissions,particularly in fragile environments with carbon sequestration potential.In karst areas,plantations based on fastgrowing afforestation species made significant contributions to enhancing carbon sequestration.However,the impact of understory vegetation on carbon accumulation remains unclear.Especially,the carbon accumulation associated with litter produced during the replacement of understory species receives insufficient attention,which leads to the neglect of the carbon sequestration potential in plantations of karst areas.Leaf is a crucial organ that links the litter production.To explore how leaf traits adapt to competitive environments and drive litter carbon accumulation during understory species replacement,this study observed leaf traits and litter carbon content changes in three types of plantations in the Liujiang River Basin,a typical karst area.A total of 37 sampling plots were selected for field investigation over a twoyear period.Leaf traits,species diversity,vegetation coverage,and litter carbon characteristics in understory vegetation were measured.Variance analysis,allometric equations,and path analysis were used for data analysis.The results showed that most understory species adopted a biomass conservation strategy under high-coverage conditions(>44.27%)and expanded competitive leaf area under low-coverage conditions(<44.27%).However,Bidens pilosa and Miscanthus floridulus exhibited strong competitiveness during understory species replacement.They showed an expansion of competitive leaf area under high-coverage conditions.This competitive strategy reduced species diversity and community specific leaf area.But the rapid expansion of Bidens pilosa and Miscanthus floridulus increased understory vegetation coverage,and their increased specific leaf area facilitated leaf shedding,resulting in significant litter weight accumulation(P<0.05),thereby enhancing litter carbon content per unit area.These competitive strategies were key driving factors for the increase in litter carbon content per square meter,which reached a maximum of 49.6% higher than that in natural grasslands.And the maximum increase in litter carbon accumulation derived from understory vegetation reached 3.37 times from 2023 to 2024 in plantations.In the understory vegetation of plantations,the competitive strategies reflected by leaf adaptation of key competitive species are critical factors influencing litter carbon accumulation.Future research could deeply explore the carbon sequestration effects resulting from the dynamic changes in competition within the understory vegetation of plantations.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52035012)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2025A1515012203)。
文摘The specific surface area(S S)and pore size(D)exhibit an inherent trade-off in the microscale design of bone implants:larger pores typically correlate with reduced surface area and vice versa.This relationship has attracted notable attention because of its critical role in the regulation of cell adhesion and osteogenesis.However,it remains largely unclear how S S and D affect the generated bone tissue and dynamically change during long-term osteogenesis.Herein,by applying rigorous geometric mapping to minimal surfaces,we constructed precisely partitioned and layer-by-layer thickened tissue models to simulate osteogenesis across different temporal scales and thereby track the dynamic evolution of geometric characteristics,permeability,and mechanobiological tissue differentiation.The high-S S samples were found to facilitate the rapid formation of new bone tissue in the early stages.However,their smaller pores tended to cause occlusions,hindering further tissue development.In contrast,low-S S samples showed slower bone regeneration,but their larger pores provided adequate physical space for tissue regeneration and mass transport,ultimately promoting bone formation in the long term.Mechanobiological regulation suggests that fibrous tissue formation inhibits additional bone formation,establishing a dynamic equilibrium between osteogenesis and pore space to sustain nutrient/waste exchange throughout the regenerative process.Overall,smaller pores are preferable in implants for minimally loaded osteoplasty procedures focused on early-stage bone consolidation,whereas larger pores are preferable in dynamically loaded implants requiring prolonged mechanical stability.
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR)at King Abdulaziz University,Jeddah,Saudi Arabia,grant number RG-2-611-42(A.O.A.).
文摘Wi-Fi technology has evolved significantly since its introduction in 1997,advancing to Wi-Fi 6 as the latest standard,with Wi-Fi 7 currently under development.Despite these advancements,integrating machine learning into Wi-Fi networks remains challenging,especially in decentralized environments with multiple access points(mAPs).This paper is a short review that summarizes the potential applications of federated reinforcement learning(FRL)across eight key areas of Wi-Fi functionality,including channel access,link adaptation,beamforming,multi-user transmissions,channel bonding,multi-link operation,spatial reuse,and multi-basic servic set(multi-BSS)coordination.FRL is highlighted as a promising framework for enabling decentralized training and decision-making while preserving data privacy.To illustrate its role in practice,we present a case study on link activation in a multi-link operation(MLO)environment with multiple APs.Through theoretical discussion and simulation results,the study demonstrates how FRL can improve performance and reliability,paving the way for more adaptive and collaborative Wi-Fi networks in the era of Wi-Fi 7 and beyond.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Liaoning Universities(Grant No.LJ202410166012).
文摘The Ordos Basin is a large superimposed hydrocarbon-bearing basin in China,and further research on the sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary evolution of the sequence framework of target layers is of great theoretical and practical significance for guiding oil and gas exploration.The sedimentary facies and sedimentary evolution of the high-resolution sequence framework of the Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation in the Hangjinqi area have been systematically analyzed for the first time by drilling,logging and seismic data.The results show that four types of sequence interfaces can be identified in the Taiyuan Formation:regional unconformity surfaces,scour surfaces,lithologic-lithofacies transformation surfaces and flooding surfaces.According to the sedimentary response caused by the upward and downward movements of the base level at different levels,the Taiyuan Formation can be divided into 2 long-term cycles(LSC_(1)-LSC_(2)),4 mid-term cycles(MSC_(1)-MSC4)and 7 short-term cycles(SSC_(1)-SSC7).The long-and mid-term cycles correspond to members T_(1)and T_(2)and layers T_(1)-1,T_(1-2),T_(2-1),and T_(2)-2,respectively.Long-term cycles are dominated by C_(1);mid-term cycles are dominated by C_(1)and C_(2),followed by A2;and short-term cycles are dominated by C_(1),C_(2),A1 and A2.Under the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework,the Hangjinqi area underwent a transformation of fan delta and tidal flat depositional systems during the Taiyuan Formation sedimentary period.In the MSC_(1)-MSC_(2)stage,owing to a large-scale paleocontinent,the fan delta sedimentary body,which was limited in scale and scope,developed only in the southeastern corner and gradually transitioned basinward to tidal flat facies.In the MSC3-MSC4 stage,as the paleocontinent continuously decreased and the sedimentary range expanded,fan-delta plain sedimentation began in the study area.Several braided distributary channels with poor connectivity developed on the fan-delta plain,and between them were floodplains and peat swamps.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2022YFF0711400)the National Space Science Data Center Youth Open Project (Grant No. NSSDC2302001)
文摘Impact craters are important for understanding the evolution of lunar geologic and surface erosion rates,among other functions.However,the morphological characteristics of these micro impact craters are not obvious and they are numerous,resulting in low detection accuracy by deep learning models.Therefore,we proposed a new multi-scale fusion crater detection algorithm(MSF-CDA)based on the YOLO11 to improve the accuracy of lunar impact crater detection,especially for small craters with a diameter of<1 km.Using the images taken by the LROC(Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera)at the Chang’e-4(CE-4)landing area,we constructed three separate datasets for craters with diameters of 0-70 m,70-140 m,and>140 m.We then trained three submodels separately with these three datasets.Additionally,we designed a slicing-amplifying-slicing strategy to enhance the ability to extract features from small craters.To handle redundant predictions,we proposed a new Non-Maximum Suppression with Area Filtering method to fuse the results in overlapping targets within the multi-scale submodels.Finally,our new MSF-CDA method achieved high detection performance,with the Precision,Recall,and F1 score having values of 0.991,0.987,and 0.989,respectively,perfectly addressing the problems induced by the lesser features and sample imbalance of small craters.Our MSF-CDA can provide strong data support for more in-depth study of the geological evolution of the lunar surface and finer geological age estimations.This strategy can also be used to detect other small objects with lesser features and sample imbalance problems.We detected approximately 500,000 impact craters in an area of approximately 214 km2 around the CE-4 landing area.By statistically analyzing the new data,we updated the distribution function of the number and diameter of impact craters.Finally,we identified the most suitable lighting conditions for detecting impact crater targets by analyzing the effect of different lighting conditions on the detection accuracy.
文摘We investigated the impact of convexity and isoperimetric deficits on the accuracy of sectional area estimates of tree stems using traditional methods(caliper,tape,formulas based on stem diameter and circumference).In two complementary experiments,the use of photographs to estimate cross-sectional areas was first validated,then the use of a caliper and diameter tape was computer-simulated.The results indicated that the photographic method offers high precision,with mean relative errors below 0.1%,minimal deviation,and no significant bias,and the traditional methods led to substantial and systematic errors,with deviations from circularity and convexity significantly increasing the errors in area estimation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42371027).
文摘Against the background of rapid urbanization and the“Dual Carbon”goals,analyzing the impact mechanisms of land use change on carbon metabolism is crucial for regional sustainable development.Taking the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA)as the study area,we integrate energy consumption data and the Forest Carbon Sequestration(FCS)model to clarify the land use carbon metabolism status based on Ecological Network Analysis(ENA),and systematically analyze the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of urban land use carbon metabolism,interactions between land types,as well as its driving mechanisms in the GBA from 2000 to 2023.The results show that:(1)Over the past two decades,land use changes have exhibited a significant characteristic of“natural land retreat and construction land expansion”,with areas of cropland,forest,and waterbody shrank by 16%,4%,and 4% respectively,while urban land and industrial land increased by 50%and 438%respectively;76% of the reclaimed land was transferred to construction land.(2)The imbalance of carbon metabolism was jointly affected by land use patterns and land use change processes:carbon emissions from energy consumption surged by 116%,while land carbon sequestration capacity decreased by 12%;in most periods,the negative carbon flow from land use change exceeded positive flows,with both showing sharp fluctuations.(3)Construction land in various cities dominated the carbon flow network through control or exploitation relationships,and the mutual transfer between industrial land and cropland is the primary driver;ecological land protection policies(e.g.,the forest“in-out balance”scheme)effectively reduced the intensity of competition relationship.(4)The push-pull forces of land types demonstrate the dual effect of industrialization and urbanization,but their contribution has gradually weakened as the speed of urbanization declined in various cities;the proportion of the indirect carbon flow reached a maximum of 37%(2005-2010),indicating that the indirect impact of land use change cannot be ignored.This study deepens the understanding of the land-carbon interactions,reveals the implicit effects of the“policy implementation-land use change-carbon flow generation”transmission chain,and proposes a“construction land-cropland-ecological land”constraint system and a synergistic path of industrial land intensification and inefficient land ecological restoration.It provides methodological support for low-carbon governance at the urban agglomeration scale.
基金Supported by the Project of National Social Science Fund of China (22CMZ015).
文摘The concept of geographical indication is similar to the idea of authentic medicinal herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. This paper examines the geographical indication (GI) resources of medicinal herbs in the Wuling Mountain Area from various perspectives, including geographical indication products, geographical indication trademarks, China s geographical indication products mutually recognized and protected with the EU, geographical indication standards, and the exclusive geographical indication logo. It studies the regional public brand characteristics of Chinese authentic medicinal herbs, based on hometown of authentic Chinese medicinal herbs, advantageous regions of characteristic agricultural products, important agricultural cultural heritage, national famous and excellent new agricultural products, national characteristic agricultural products, geographical indication Chinese well-known trademarks, advantageous regions of characteristic agricultural products, and regional public brands of agricultural products. It analyzes the main problems in the protection of geographical indications and the creation of regional public brands, and proposes suggestions for building high-quality authentic medicinal herb bases, developing new quality productivity in the authentic medicinal herb industry, implementing regional brand strategies for authentic medicinal herbs, constructing a new development pattern of dual circulation authentic medicinal herbs, etc.
