Coordinating light and nitrogen(N)distribution within a canopy is essential for improving rice yield and resource use efficiency.However,limited research has examined light and N distribution in response to planting d...Coordinating light and nitrogen(N)distribution within a canopy is essential for improving rice yield and resource use efficiency.However,limited research has examined light and N distribution in response to planting density and N rate,and their relationships with grain yield,radiation use efficiency(RUE),and N use efficiency for grain production(NUEg)in rice.A two-year field experiment was conducted with two hybrid varieties under three N levels,0 kg ha^(-1)(N1),90 kg ha^(-1)(N2)and 180 kg ha^(-1)(N3),and two planting densities,22.2 hills m-2(D1)and 33.3 hills m^(-2)(D2).Results showed 3.4%higher yield and 4.4%higher NUEg under N2D2 compared with N3D1.The extinction coefficient for N(K_(N))and light(K_(L))and their ratio(K_(N)/K_(L))at heading stage were significantly influenced by N rate,planting density,and their interaction.K_(N)decreased with the increase of N input or planting density.Compared to N1,K_(N)decreased by 43.5 and 58.8%under N2 and N3,respectively,while K_(N)under D2 decreased by 16.0%compared to D1.Higher K_(L)and K_(N)/K_(L)values occurred under low N rates,with opposite trends under high N rates.Increased planting density led to decreased K_(L)and K_(N)/K_(L)values.N2D2 demonstrated higher K_(L)and K_(N),and thus comparable K_(N)/K_(L),compared to N3D1.Correlation analysis revealed K_(L)negatively correlated with RUE,while K_(N)and K_(N)/K_(L)positively correlated with NUEg.These findings indicate that increasing planting density under reduced N input could maintain rice yield while enhancing resource use efficiency through regulation of canopy light and N distribution.展开更多
Qingshu 9 was approved and formally named as a new potato variety by Qinghai Crop Variety Approval Committee in December 2006. It has outstanding features of high quality, high yield, drought resistance, and disease r...Qingshu 9 was approved and formally named as a new potato variety by Qinghai Crop Variety Approval Committee in December 2006. It has outstanding features of high quality, high yield, drought resistance, and disease resistance. Hanzhong Institute of Agricultural Sciences introduced Qingshu 9 from Dingxi County in Gansu Province in 2010. Through years of experiments and demonstrations, the average yield of Qingshu can reach up to 53.14 t/hm^2 with the maximum yield to 63.77 t/hm^2.展开更多
Four modern hybrid and four japonica rice varieties differing in biomass,yield,and daily biomass production rate during the grain-filling period(DBPGF),were used to reveal the eco-physiological photosynthetic characte...Four modern hybrid and four japonica rice varieties differing in biomass,yield,and daily biomass production rate during the grain-filling period(DBPGF),were used to reveal the eco-physiological photosynthetic characteristics of high-yield and high-efficiency rice.Varietal differences were analyzed in leaf and canopy photosynthetic parameters,associated leaf morphological and anatomical traits(e.g.,stomatal density,vein density,mesophyll cell arrangement),as well as differences in canopy light interception and leaf area index,and their effects on yield and biomass accumulation.Hybrid rice with yield higher than 11.0 t/hm^(2) and DBPGF higher than 200 kg/(hm^(2)·d),and japonica rice with yield higher than 9.0 t/hm^(2) and DBPGF higher than 200 kg/(hm^(2)·d),were classified as high-yield and high-efficiency varieties;other varieties were considered general types.Based on this criterion,two hybrid(Yongyou 2640 and Shanyou 63)and two japonica varieties(Huaidao 5 and Nangeng 5718)were categorized as high-yield and high-efficiency types,while the remaining two hybrid(Liangyoupeijiu and C Liangyou 513)and two japonica varieties(Suxiu 867 and Yangnongdao 1)were classified as general types.Results indicated that high-yield and high-efficiency varieties generally have higher leaf and canopy photosynthesis,superior leaf stomatal,vascular,and mesophyll structures that facilitate CO_(2)diffusion and hydraulic transport,higher canopy light transmittance,and slower leaf area attenuation.Rice yield and biomass were positively correlated with photosynthetic parameters and closely linked to associated photosynthetic traits.Efficient rice production was attributed to coordinated improvements in leaf structure,canopy architecture,and delayed leaf area attenuation.This study provides important theoretical guidance for breeding high-efficiency rice varieties.展开更多
The integrated planting and breeding of paddy fields is a kind of eco-planting and breeding mode which makes rice and aquatic animals benefit from each other,greatly reducing the harm of rice pests and diseases,using ...The integrated planting and breeding of paddy fields is a kind of eco-planting and breeding mode which makes rice and aquatic animals benefit from each other,greatly reducing the harm of rice pests and diseases,using less or even no fertilizers or pesticides,greatly reducing the agricultural non-point source pollution,thus achieving the " multiple use of water,multiple harvests in one field,grain and fishing winwin,ecological and high efficient use. " In this paper,the high yield and efficient cultivation techniques of rice under the rice-fish intergrowth model in Chengdu was introduced from the aspects of selecting good paddy fields for fishing,using appropriate rice varieties,soaking disinfection,timely sowing and nurturing strong seedlings,reasonable close planting,reasonable fertilization,scientific water management,scientific pest control and rice harvests.展开更多
In order to study the effects of transplanting methods on the quality and yield of Angelica sinensis,the average fresh taproot diameter,length,weight and actual yield of the experimental plot were measured through the...In order to study the effects of transplanting methods on the quality and yield of Angelica sinensis,the average fresh taproot diameter,length,weight and actual yield of the experimental plot were measured through the planting experiment of A.sinensis under the same geographical environment and different cultivation methods during 2019-2020.The results show that the quality and yield of A.sinensis in inter-film cultivation were better than that of film-in-film cultivation,and it is more conducive to improving the economic income of the majority of growers from medicinal material cultivation.展开更多
This paper outlines effective methods for selecting and breeding maize varieties,with a focus on early and late hybridization,superior line re-selection,multi-part selection,and other techniques.The goal is to facilit...This paper outlines effective methods for selecting and breeding maize varieties,with a focus on early and late hybridization,superior line re-selection,multi-part selection,and other techniques.The goal is to facilitate the innovation of northern spring-sown maize germplasm resources,the selection and breeding of new varieties,thereby contributing to food security in China.展开更多
基金supported by the Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Project,China(2025CSA039)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001467)。
文摘Coordinating light and nitrogen(N)distribution within a canopy is essential for improving rice yield and resource use efficiency.However,limited research has examined light and N distribution in response to planting density and N rate,and their relationships with grain yield,radiation use efficiency(RUE),and N use efficiency for grain production(NUEg)in rice.A two-year field experiment was conducted with two hybrid varieties under three N levels,0 kg ha^(-1)(N1),90 kg ha^(-1)(N2)and 180 kg ha^(-1)(N3),and two planting densities,22.2 hills m-2(D1)and 33.3 hills m^(-2)(D2).Results showed 3.4%higher yield and 4.4%higher NUEg under N2D2 compared with N3D1.The extinction coefficient for N(K_(N))and light(K_(L))and their ratio(K_(N)/K_(L))at heading stage were significantly influenced by N rate,planting density,and their interaction.K_(N)decreased with the increase of N input or planting density.Compared to N1,K_(N)decreased by 43.5 and 58.8%under N2 and N3,respectively,while K_(N)under D2 decreased by 16.0%compared to D1.Higher K_(L)and K_(N)/K_(L)values occurred under low N rates,with opposite trends under high N rates.Increased planting density led to decreased K_(L)and K_(N)/K_(L)values.N2D2 demonstrated higher K_(L)and K_(N),and thus comparable K_(N)/K_(L),compared to N3D1.Correlation analysis revealed K_(L)negatively correlated with RUE,while K_(N)and K_(N)/K_(L)positively correlated with NUEg.These findings indicate that increasing planting density under reduced N input could maintain rice yield while enhancing resource use efficiency through regulation of canopy light and N distribution.
文摘Qingshu 9 was approved and formally named as a new potato variety by Qinghai Crop Variety Approval Committee in December 2006. It has outstanding features of high quality, high yield, drought resistance, and disease resistance. Hanzhong Institute of Agricultural Sciences introduced Qingshu 9 from Dingxi County in Gansu Province in 2010. Through years of experiments and demonstrations, the average yield of Qingshu can reach up to 53.14 t/hm^2 with the maximum yield to 63.77 t/hm^2.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32201890 and 32272197)the Special Funds for Scientific and Technological Innovation of Jiangsu province,China(Grant Nos.BE2022425 and BK20220017)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFD2301401)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China.
文摘Four modern hybrid and four japonica rice varieties differing in biomass,yield,and daily biomass production rate during the grain-filling period(DBPGF),were used to reveal the eco-physiological photosynthetic characteristics of high-yield and high-efficiency rice.Varietal differences were analyzed in leaf and canopy photosynthetic parameters,associated leaf morphological and anatomical traits(e.g.,stomatal density,vein density,mesophyll cell arrangement),as well as differences in canopy light interception and leaf area index,and their effects on yield and biomass accumulation.Hybrid rice with yield higher than 11.0 t/hm^(2) and DBPGF higher than 200 kg/(hm^(2)·d),and japonica rice with yield higher than 9.0 t/hm^(2) and DBPGF higher than 200 kg/(hm^(2)·d),were classified as high-yield and high-efficiency varieties;other varieties were considered general types.Based on this criterion,two hybrid(Yongyou 2640 and Shanyou 63)and two japonica varieties(Huaidao 5 and Nangeng 5718)were categorized as high-yield and high-efficiency types,while the remaining two hybrid(Liangyoupeijiu and C Liangyou 513)and two japonica varieties(Suxiu 867 and Yangnongdao 1)were classified as general types.Results indicated that high-yield and high-efficiency varieties generally have higher leaf and canopy photosynthesis,superior leaf stomatal,vascular,and mesophyll structures that facilitate CO_(2)diffusion and hydraulic transport,higher canopy light transmittance,and slower leaf area attenuation.Rice yield and biomass were positively correlated with photosynthetic parameters and closely linked to associated photosynthetic traits.Efficient rice production was attributed to coordinated improvements in leaf structure,canopy architecture,and delayed leaf area attenuation.This study provides important theoretical guidance for breeding high-efficiency rice varieties.
文摘The integrated planting and breeding of paddy fields is a kind of eco-planting and breeding mode which makes rice and aquatic animals benefit from each other,greatly reducing the harm of rice pests and diseases,using less or even no fertilizers or pesticides,greatly reducing the agricultural non-point source pollution,thus achieving the " multiple use of water,multiple harvests in one field,grain and fishing winwin,ecological and high efficient use. " In this paper,the high yield and efficient cultivation techniques of rice under the rice-fish intergrowth model in Chengdu was introduced from the aspects of selecting good paddy fields for fishing,using appropriate rice varieties,soaking disinfection,timely sowing and nurturing strong seedlings,reasonable close planting,reasonable fertilization,scientific water management,scientific pest control and rice harvests.
基金Supported by the Project of Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation。
文摘In order to study the effects of transplanting methods on the quality and yield of Angelica sinensis,the average fresh taproot diameter,length,weight and actual yield of the experimental plot were measured through the planting experiment of A.sinensis under the same geographical environment and different cultivation methods during 2019-2020.The results show that the quality and yield of A.sinensis in inter-film cultivation were better than that of film-in-film cultivation,and it is more conducive to improving the economic income of the majority of growers from medicinal material cultivation.
文摘This paper outlines effective methods for selecting and breeding maize varieties,with a focus on early and late hybridization,superior line re-selection,multi-part selection,and other techniques.The goal is to facilitate the innovation of northern spring-sown maize germplasm resources,the selection and breeding of new varieties,thereby contributing to food security in China.
