Trapped-ion systems are one of the leading platforms for quantum information processing, where a key challenge is to scale up system size while maintaining high-fidelity two-qubit operations. A promising approach is t...Trapped-ion systems are one of the leading platforms for quantum information processing, where a key challenge is to scale up system size while maintaining high-fidelity two-qubit operations. A promising approach is to build high-performance modules interconnected via strong coupling. In particular, axial motional modes offer a practical mechanism to couple the ions in a chain, enabling the preparation of Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger states with up to 24 ions using global operations, as well as high-fidelity two-qubit gates(96.6%–98.0%) in fully connected five-ion chains. Here, we demonstrate two-qubit quantum logic gates in a 5-ion^(40)Ca^(+)chain using axial modes, achieving fidelities exceeding 99% for adjacent pairs and over 98% for arbitrary pairs by carefully tackling dominant error sources. Our results are beneficial to the development of scalable ion-trap quantum processors,quantum simulation and quantum-enhanced metrology.展开更多
We propose a scheme for realizing high-fidelity topological state transfer via the topological edge states in a onedimensional cavity-magnon system.It is found that the cavity-magnon system can be mapped analytically ...We propose a scheme for realizing high-fidelity topological state transfer via the topological edge states in a onedimensional cavity-magnon system.It is found that the cavity-magnon system can be mapped analytically into the generalized Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with tunable cavity-magnon coupling.It is shown that the edge state can be served as a quantum channel to realize the photonic and magnonic state transfers by adjusting the coupling strength between adjacent cavity modes.Further,our scheme can realize the quantum state transfer between photonic state and magnonic state by changing the cavity-magnon coupling strength.With the numerical simulation,we quantitatively show that the photonic,magnonic and magnon-to-photon state transfers can be achieved with high fidelity in the cavity-magnon system.Spectacularly,three different types of quantum state transfer schemes can be even transformed into each other in a controllable fashion.The Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model based on the cavity-magnon system provides us a tunable platform to engineer the transport of photon and magnon,which may have potential applications in topological quantum processing.展开更多
Light-field displays typically consist of a two-dimensional(2D)display panel and a light modulation device.The 2D panel presents synthesized parallax images,with the total information content of the three-dimensional(...Light-field displays typically consist of a two-dimensional(2D)display panel and a light modulation device.The 2D panel presents synthesized parallax images,with the total information content of the three-dimensional(3D)light feld dictated by the panel's total resolution.Angular resolution serves as a critical metric for light-field displays,where higher angular resolution correlates with a more realistic 3D visual experience.However,the improvement of angular resolution is typically accompanied by a reduction in spatial resolution,due to the limitations of the 2D display panel's total resolution.To address this challenge,a light-feld display method with enhanced information utilization is introduced,achieved through the independent modulation of chrominance and luminance.A static light-field image display system is proposed to verify the feasibility of this method.The system employs a bidirectional angular modulation grating(BAMG)and a collimated light source(CLS)to create uniformly distributed viewpoints in space.A luminance modulation film(LMF)and a chrominance modulation film(CMF)are utilized to modulate the light-field information,with chrominance and luminance synthesized images printed at pixel densities of 720 pixels per inch(PPl)and 8000 dots per inch(DPl),respectively,to align with the differential sensitivities of the human visual system.In the experiment,the proposed display system achieves a full-parallax,high-fidelity color display with a 98.2°horizontal and 97.7°vertical field of view(FOV).So,the light-feld display method of modulating chrominance and luminance separately has been proven to achieve high-fidelity display effects.展开更多
Highly detailed surface models and their real-time applications are increasingly popular in architecture,construction and other design and engineering fields.However,new and related problems have emerged concerning th...Highly detailed surface models and their real-time applications are increasingly popular in architecture,construction and other design and engineering fields.However,new and related problems have emerged concerning the efficient management of the resulting large datasets and the seamless integration of heterogeneous data.Moreover,the increasingly common requirements of local high-fidelity modeling combined with large-scale landscapes lead to difficulty in the seamless multi-resolution representation of hybrid triangulated irregular networks(TINs)and Grids.This paper presents a hybrid data structure with high-efficiency and a related organizational method for the seamless integration of multi-resolution models.This approach is characterized by(1)a self-adaptive algorithm for feature-preserving surface partitioning,(2)an efficient hybrid index structure for combined Grid and TIN surfaces,and(3)a view-dependent scheduling strategy with access to Grids of necessary resolution,giving priority to the dynamic loading of TINs.Experiments using typical real design datasets of highway constructions are able to achieve accuracy-preserved and real-time availability of results that prove the validity and efficiency of this approach.展开更多
The way towards generating a website front end involves a designersettling on an idea for what kind of layout they want the website to have, thenproceeding to plan and implement each aspect one by one until they havec...The way towards generating a website front end involves a designersettling on an idea for what kind of layout they want the website to have, thenproceeding to plan and implement each aspect one by one until they haveconverted what they initially laid out into its Html front end form, this processcan take a considerable time, especially considering the first draft of the designis traditionally never the final one. This process can take up a large amountof resource real estate, and as we have laid out in this paper, by using a Modelconsisting of various Neural Networks trained on a custom dataset. It can beautomated into assisting designers, allowing them to focus on the other morecomplicated parts of the system they are designing by quickly generating whatwould rather be straightforward busywork. Over the past 20 years, the boomin how much the internet is used and the sheer volume of pages on it demands ahigh level of work and time to create them. For the efficiency of the process, weproposed a multi-model-based architecture on image captioning, consisting ofConvolutional neural network (CNN) and Long short-term memory (LSTM)models. Our proposed approach trained on our custom-made database can beautomated into assisting designers, allowing them to focus on the other morecomplicated part of the system. We trained our model in several batches overa custom-made dataset consisting of over 6300 files and were finally able toachieve a Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) score for a batch of 50hand-drawn images at 87.86%.展开更多
Ince–Gaussian (IG) beams, as eigenfunctions of the paraxial wave equation in elliptical coordinates, are attracting increasing interest owing to their propagation-invariant and full-field properties. Optical amplific...Ince–Gaussian (IG) beams, as eigenfunctions of the paraxial wave equation in elliptical coordinates, are attracting increasing interest owing to their propagation-invariant and full-field properties. Optical amplification via parametric interactions can further expand their application areas, yet it is rarely studied. In this work, we report on a high-fidelity parametric amplifier for IG beams. The nonlinear transformation of the spatial spectra of the signal and associated influences on the beam profiles of the amplified signal, under different pump structures, were theoretically and experimentally investigated. By using a perfect flattop beam as the pump, we show that the transverse structure of IG signals is well maintained,and the distortion induced by radial-mode degeneration is overcome during amplification. This proof-of-principle demonstration paves the way for a mode-independent and distortion-free amplifier of arbitrary structured light and has great significance in relevant areas, such as quantum optics, tunable infrared-laser generation, and image amplification.展开更多
Manufacturing of composite materials is usually accompanied with residual stresses.These stresses should be evaluated and assessed.To this end,a micromechanical model for periodic material whose temperature dependent ...Manufacturing of composite materials is usually accompanied with residual stresses.These stresses should be evaluated and assessed.To this end,a micromechanical model for periodic material whose temperature dependent constituents behave as thermorheologically complex materials(TCM)has been developed.This model,referred as the high fidelity generalized method of cells(HFGMC),takes into account the detailed interaction between the fiber and resin,their volume ratios,the fibers distribution and their waviness.This model is linked,in conjunction with a special UMAT subroutine,to the ABAQUS finite element code for prediction of the response of thermoviscoelastic composite structures during cool down process.The present investigation shows the effect of the cool down rate on the residual stress developed in the composite cylindrical structures.展开更多
An extended Su–Schrieffer–Heeger(SSH) model containing four periods of the hopping coefficients, called SSH4 model, is constructed to explore robust quantum state transfer. The gap state protected by the energy gap ...An extended Su–Schrieffer–Heeger(SSH) model containing four periods of the hopping coefficients, called SSH4 model, is constructed to explore robust quantum state transfer. The gap state protected by the energy gap plays the role of the topological channel where the particle initially located at the last lattice site has the probability to arise at the first and all even lattice sites equally. Serving those sites as ports, a multi-port router can be realized naturally, and the fidelity reaches unity in a wide range of parameters under the long chain and random disorder. Further, when we reduce the third intracell hopping to a small value, the occupancy probability of the second lattice site in every unit cell will reduce to zero, by which a new topological router can be induced. In addition, our SSH4 model can work as a 1/3 beam splitter. Namely, the particle initially occupies the first lattice site and finally appears with equal probability at three lattice sites. We can also realize a 1/2 beam splitter. Our four-period SSH model provides a novel way for topological quantum information processing and can engineer two kinds of quantum optical devices.展开更多
High fidelity two-qubit gates are fundamental for scaling up the superconducting qubit number.We use two qubits coupled via a frequency-tunable coupler which can adjust the coupling strength,and demonstrate the CZ gat...High fidelity two-qubit gates are fundamental for scaling up the superconducting qubit number.We use two qubits coupled via a frequency-tunable coupler which can adjust the coupling strength,and demonstrate the CZ gate using two different schemes,adiabatic and diabatic methods.The Clifford based randomized benchmarking(RB) method is used to assess and optimize the CZ gate fidelity.The fidelities of adiabatic and diabatic CZ gates are 99.53(8)% and 98.72(2)%,respectively.We also analyze the errors induced by the decoherence.Comparing to 30 ns duration time of adiabatic CZ gate,the duration time of diabatic CZ gate is 19 ns,revealing lower incoherence error rate r’_(incoherent),int=0.0197(5) compared to r_(incoherent,int)=0.0223(3).展开更多
We demonstrate a multi-fidelity(MF)machine learning ensemble framework for the inverse design of photonic surfaces,trained on a dataset of 11,759 samples that we fabricate using high throughput femtosecond laser proce...We demonstrate a multi-fidelity(MF)machine learning ensemble framework for the inverse design of photonic surfaces,trained on a dataset of 11,759 samples that we fabricate using high throughput femtosecond laser processing.The MF ensemble combines an initial low fidelity model for generating design solutions,with a high fidelity model that refines these solutions through local optimization.The combined MF ensemble can generate multiple disparate sets of laser-processing parameters that can each produce the same target input spectral emissivity with high accuracy(root mean squared errors<2%).SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis shows transparent model interpretability of the complex relationship between laser parameters and spectral emissivity.Finally,the MF ensemble is experimentally validated by fabricating and evaluating photonic surface designs that it generates for improved efficiency energy harvesting devices.Our approach provides a powerful tool for advancing the inverse design of photonic surfaces in energy harvesting applications.展开更多
Recently,3D bioprinting has been explored as a promising technology for biomedical applications with the potential to create complex structures with precise features.Cell encapsulated hydrogels composed of materials s...Recently,3D bioprinting has been explored as a promising technology for biomedical applications with the potential to create complex structures with precise features.Cell encapsulated hydrogels composed of materials such as gelatin,collagen,hyaluronic acid,alginate and polyethylene glycol have been widely used as bioinks for 3D bioprinting.However,since most hydrogel-based bioinks may not allow rapid stabilization immediately after 3D bioprinting,achieving high resolution and fidelity to the intended architecture is a common challenge in 3D bioprinting of hydrogels.In this study,we have utilized shear-thinning and self-healing ionically crosslinked oxidized and methacrylated alginates(OMAs)as a bioink,which can be rapidly gelled by its self-healing property after bioprinting and further stabilized via secondary crosslinking.It was successfully demonstrated that stem cell-laden calcium-crosslinked OMA hydrogels can be bioprinted into complicated 3D tissue structures with both high resolution and fidelity.Additional photocrosslinking enables long-term culture of 3D bioprinted constructs for formation of functional tissue by differentiation of encapsulated human mesenchymal stem cells.展开更多
Nanoimprint lithography(NIL)has attracted attention recently as a promising fabrication method for dielectric metalenses owing to its low cost and high throughput,however,high aspect ratio(HAR)nanostructures are requi...Nanoimprint lithography(NIL)has attracted attention recently as a promising fabrication method for dielectric metalenses owing to its low cost and high throughput,however,high aspect ratio(HAR)nanostructures are required to manipulate the full 2πphase of light.Conventional NIL using a hard-polydimethylsiloxane(h-PDMS)mold inevitably incurs shear stress on the nanostructures which is inversely proportional to the surface area parallel to the direction of detachment.Therefore,HAR structures are subjected to larger shear stresses,causing structural failure.Herein,we propose a novel wet etching NIL method with no detachment process to fabricate flawless HAR metalenses.The water-soluble replica mold is fabricated with polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)which is simpler than an h-PDMS mold,and the flexibility of the PVA mold is suitable for direct printing as its high tensile modulus allows high-resolution patterning of HAR metalenses.The diffraction-limited focusing of the printed metalenses demonstrates that it operates as an ideal lens in the visible regime.This method can potentially be used for manufacturing various nanophotonic devices that require HAR nanostructures at low cost and high throughput,facilitating commercialization.展开更多
Cas12h1 is a compact CRISPR-associated nuclease from functionally diverse type V CRISPR-Cas effectors and recognizes a purine-rich protospacer adjacent motif(PAM)distinct from that of other type V Cas effectors.Here,w...Cas12h1 is a compact CRISPR-associated nuclease from functionally diverse type V CRISPR-Cas effectors and recognizes a purine-rich protospacer adjacent motif(PAM)distinct from that of other type V Cas effectors.Here,we report the nickase preference of Cas12h1,which predominantly cleaves the nontarget strand(NTS)of a double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)substrate.In addition,Cas12h1 acts as a nickase in human cells.We further determined the cryo-EM structures of Cas12h1 in the surveillance,R-loop formation,and interference states,revealing the molecular mechanisms involved in the crRNA maturation,target recognition,R-loop formation,nuclease activation and target degradation.Cas12h1 notably recognizes a broad 5’-DHR-3’PAM(D is A,G,or T;H is A,C,or T;R is A or G)both in vitro and in human cells.In addition,Cas12h1 utilizes a distinct activation mechanism that the lid motif undergoes a“flexible to stable”transition to expose the catalytic site to the substrate.A high-fidelity nucleic acid detector,Cas12h1hf,was developed through rational engineering,which distinguishes single-base mismatches and retains comparable on-target activities.Our results shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying Cas12h1 nickase,improve the understanding of type V Cas effectors,and expand the CRISPR toolbox for genome editing and molecular diagnosis.展开更多
Digital twin is considered the key technique for real-time monitoring and life-cycle management of electric equipment.To construct the digital twin model of electric equipment,a multi-parameter electromagnetic analysi...Digital twin is considered the key technique for real-time monitoring and life-cycle management of electric equipment.To construct the digital twin model of electric equipment,a multi-parameter electromagnetic analysis is needed to generate a large amount of high fidelity data under various working condition.However,repeated solving such multi-parameter electromagnetic problems based on full order finite element method may lead to extreme scale calculations.To address this issue,a hybrid approach that combines tensor decomposition and proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)is introduced,which can effectively establish a reduced order model for multi-parameter electromagnetic field problems.The performance of the proposed approach is illustrated through three numerical examples,namely an electrical motor,a transformer and a voice coil actuator including parameter variations of operating conditions,geometric parameters,and material parameters.The numerical results show that the proposed hybrid approach has significant advantage compared to conventional reduced order model in situation where the solution changes dramatically within the parameter variation range and even more apparent when the parameter dimension is high.展开更多
A high‐fidelity multibody‐system dynamic model of the looped tether transportation system(L‐TTS)is proposed in this study to study its large deformation as well as large overall motion.The absolute nodal coordinate...A high‐fidelity multibody‐system dynamic model of the looped tether transportation system(L‐TTS)is proposed in this study to study its large deformation as well as large overall motion.The absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)‐based gradient‐deficient beam element is employed to establish the accurate model of the two flexible tethers subject to large deformations.The relative movement of climbers along tethers is described by using the sliding joint model based on ANCF.To reduce the collision risks between tethers and climbers,two libration suppression strategies,namely,the decelerated motion of climbers relative to tethers and multiple climbers per tether are investigated in this study.Several numerical simulations not only validate the effectiveness of the two strategies in reducing the collision risks between climbers and tethers,the overall librations of L‐TTS,and the magnitudes of the longitudinal elastic force of tethers,but also verify the good performance of the high‐fidelity model proposed in this study for dynamic simulation of the L‐TTS in microgravity conditions.展开更多
基金supported by the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology (Grant No.2021ZD0301603)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.92165206)。
文摘Trapped-ion systems are one of the leading platforms for quantum information processing, where a key challenge is to scale up system size while maintaining high-fidelity two-qubit operations. A promising approach is to build high-performance modules interconnected via strong coupling. In particular, axial motional modes offer a practical mechanism to couple the ions in a chain, enabling the preparation of Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger states with up to 24 ions using global operations, as well as high-fidelity two-qubit gates(96.6%–98.0%) in fully connected five-ion chains. Here, we demonstrate two-qubit quantum logic gates in a 5-ion^(40)Ca^(+)chain using axial modes, achieving fidelities exceeding 99% for adjacent pairs and over 98% for arbitrary pairs by carefully tackling dominant error sources. Our results are beneficial to the development of scalable ion-trap quantum processors,quantum simulation and quantum-enhanced metrology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11874190,61835013,and 12047501)the Supercomputing Center of Lanzhou University。
文摘We propose a scheme for realizing high-fidelity topological state transfer via the topological edge states in a onedimensional cavity-magnon system.It is found that the cavity-magnon system can be mapped analytically into the generalized Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with tunable cavity-magnon coupling.It is shown that the edge state can be served as a quantum channel to realize the photonic and magnonic state transfers by adjusting the coupling strength between adjacent cavity modes.Further,our scheme can realize the quantum state transfer between photonic state and magnonic state by changing the cavity-magnon coupling strength.With the numerical simulation,we quantitatively show that the photonic,magnonic and magnon-to-photon state transfers can be achieved with high fidelity in the cavity-magnon system.Spectacularly,three different types of quantum state transfer schemes can be even transformed into each other in a controllable fashion.The Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model based on the cavity-magnon system provides us a tunable platform to engineer the transport of photon and magnon,which may have potential applications in topological quantum processing.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3611500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62175015,62335002,62075016).
文摘Light-field displays typically consist of a two-dimensional(2D)display panel and a light modulation device.The 2D panel presents synthesized parallax images,with the total information content of the three-dimensional(3D)light feld dictated by the panel's total resolution.Angular resolution serves as a critical metric for light-field displays,where higher angular resolution correlates with a more realistic 3D visual experience.However,the improvement of angular resolution is typically accompanied by a reduction in spatial resolution,due to the limitations of the 2D display panel's total resolution.To address this challenge,a light-feld display method with enhanced information utilization is introduced,achieved through the independent modulation of chrominance and luminance.A static light-field image display system is proposed to verify the feasibility of this method.The system employs a bidirectional angular modulation grating(BAMG)and a collimated light source(CLS)to create uniformly distributed viewpoints in space.A luminance modulation film(LMF)and a chrominance modulation film(CMF)are utilized to modulate the light-field information,with chrominance and luminance synthesized images printed at pixel densities of 720 pixels per inch(PPl)and 8000 dots per inch(DPl),respectively,to align with the differential sensitivities of the human visual system.In the experiment,the proposed display system achieves a full-parallax,high-fidelity color display with a 98.2°horizontal and 97.7°vertical field of view(FOV).So,the light-feld display method of modulating chrominance and luminance separately has been proven to achieve high-fidelity display effects.
基金The work described in this paper was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41171311,No.41021061)National Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB725300).
文摘Highly detailed surface models and their real-time applications are increasingly popular in architecture,construction and other design and engineering fields.However,new and related problems have emerged concerning the efficient management of the resulting large datasets and the seamless integration of heterogeneous data.Moreover,the increasingly common requirements of local high-fidelity modeling combined with large-scale landscapes lead to difficulty in the seamless multi-resolution representation of hybrid triangulated irregular networks(TINs)and Grids.This paper presents a hybrid data structure with high-efficiency and a related organizational method for the seamless integration of multi-resolution models.This approach is characterized by(1)a self-adaptive algorithm for feature-preserving surface partitioning,(2)an efficient hybrid index structure for combined Grid and TIN surfaces,and(3)a view-dependent scheduling strategy with access to Grids of necessary resolution,giving priority to the dynamic loading of TINs.Experiments using typical real design datasets of highway constructions are able to achieve accuracy-preserved and real-time availability of results that prove the validity and efficiency of this approach.
文摘The way towards generating a website front end involves a designersettling on an idea for what kind of layout they want the website to have, thenproceeding to plan and implement each aspect one by one until they haveconverted what they initially laid out into its Html front end form, this processcan take a considerable time, especially considering the first draft of the designis traditionally never the final one. This process can take up a large amountof resource real estate, and as we have laid out in this paper, by using a Modelconsisting of various Neural Networks trained on a custom dataset. It can beautomated into assisting designers, allowing them to focus on the other morecomplicated parts of the system they are designing by quickly generating whatwould rather be straightforward busywork. Over the past 20 years, the boomin how much the internet is used and the sheer volume of pages on it demands ahigh level of work and time to create them. For the efficiency of the process, weproposed a multi-model-based architecture on image captioning, consisting ofConvolutional neural network (CNN) and Long short-term memory (LSTM)models. Our proposed approach trained on our custom-made database can beautomated into assisting designers, allowing them to focus on the other morecomplicated part of the system. We trained our model in several batches overa custom-made dataset consisting of over 6300 files and were finally able toachieve a Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) score for a batch of 50hand-drawn images at 87.86%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Nos. 62075050 and 61975047)the High-Level Talents Project of Heilongjiang Province (No. 2020GSP12)。
文摘Ince–Gaussian (IG) beams, as eigenfunctions of the paraxial wave equation in elliptical coordinates, are attracting increasing interest owing to their propagation-invariant and full-field properties. Optical amplification via parametric interactions can further expand their application areas, yet it is rarely studied. In this work, we report on a high-fidelity parametric amplifier for IG beams. The nonlinear transformation of the spatial spectra of the signal and associated influences on the beam profiles of the amplified signal, under different pump structures, were theoretically and experimentally investigated. By using a perfect flattop beam as the pump, we show that the transverse structure of IG signals is well maintained,and the distortion induced by radial-mode degeneration is overcome during amplification. This proof-of-principle demonstration paves the way for a mode-independent and distortion-free amplifier of arbitrary structured light and has great significance in relevant areas, such as quantum optics, tunable infrared-laser generation, and image amplification.
文摘Manufacturing of composite materials is usually accompanied with residual stresses.These stresses should be evaluated and assessed.To this end,a micromechanical model for periodic material whose temperature dependent constituents behave as thermorheologically complex materials(TCM)has been developed.This model,referred as the high fidelity generalized method of cells(HFGMC),takes into account the detailed interaction between the fiber and resin,their volume ratios,the fibers distribution and their waviness.This model is linked,in conjunction with a special UMAT subroutine,to the ABAQUS finite element code for prediction of the response of thermoviscoelastic composite structures during cool down process.The present investigation shows the effect of the cool down rate on the residual stress developed in the composite cylindrical structures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11874190, 61835013, and 12047501)the Supercomputing Center of Lanzhou University。
文摘An extended Su–Schrieffer–Heeger(SSH) model containing four periods of the hopping coefficients, called SSH4 model, is constructed to explore robust quantum state transfer. The gap state protected by the energy gap plays the role of the topological channel where the particle initially located at the last lattice site has the probability to arise at the first and all even lattice sites equally. Serving those sites as ports, a multi-port router can be realized naturally, and the fidelity reaches unity in a wide range of parameters under the long chain and random disorder. Further, when we reduce the third intracell hopping to a small value, the occupancy probability of the second lattice site in every unit cell will reduce to zero, by which a new topological router can be induced. In addition, our SSH4 model can work as a 1/3 beam splitter. Namely, the particle initially occupies the first lattice site and finally appears with equal probability at three lattice sites. We can also realize a 1/2 beam splitter. Our four-period SSH model provides a novel way for topological quantum information processing and can engineer two kinds of quantum optical devices.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11890704,12004042,and 11674376)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,China(Grant No.Z190012)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0301800)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guang-Dong Province,China(Grant No.2018B030326001)。
文摘High fidelity two-qubit gates are fundamental for scaling up the superconducting qubit number.We use two qubits coupled via a frequency-tunable coupler which can adjust the coupling strength,and demonstrate the CZ gate using two different schemes,adiabatic and diabatic methods.The Clifford based randomized benchmarking(RB) method is used to assess and optimize the CZ gate fidelity.The fidelities of adiabatic and diabatic CZ gates are 99.53(8)% and 98.72(2)%,respectively.We also analyze the errors induced by the decoherence.Comparing to 30 ns duration time of adiabatic CZ gate,the duration time of diabatic CZ gate is 19 ns,revealing lower incoherence error rate r’_(incoherent),int=0.0197(5) compared to r_(incoherent,int)=0.0223(3).
基金supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under U.S.Department of Energy Contract No.DE-AC02-05CH11231supported by ARPA-E Contract No.2107-1539J.Mueller was supported by the U.S.Department of Energy,Office of Science,Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research,Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing(SciDAC)program through the FASTMath Institute under Contract No.DE-AC36-08GO28308 at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
文摘We demonstrate a multi-fidelity(MF)machine learning ensemble framework for the inverse design of photonic surfaces,trained on a dataset of 11,759 samples that we fabricate using high throughput femtosecond laser processing.The MF ensemble combines an initial low fidelity model for generating design solutions,with a high fidelity model that refines these solutions through local optimization.The combined MF ensemble can generate multiple disparate sets of laser-processing parameters that can each produce the same target input spectral emissivity with high accuracy(root mean squared errors<2%).SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis shows transparent model interpretability of the complex relationship between laser parameters and spectral emissivity.Finally,the MF ensemble is experimentally validated by fabricating and evaluating photonic surface designs that it generates for improved efficiency energy harvesting devices.Our approach provides a powerful tool for advancing the inverse design of photonic surfaces in energy harvesting applications.
基金funding from the National Institutes of Health’s National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases under award numbers R01AR069564 and R01AR066193.
文摘Recently,3D bioprinting has been explored as a promising technology for biomedical applications with the potential to create complex structures with precise features.Cell encapsulated hydrogels composed of materials such as gelatin,collagen,hyaluronic acid,alginate and polyethylene glycol have been widely used as bioinks for 3D bioprinting.However,since most hydrogel-based bioinks may not allow rapid stabilization immediately after 3D bioprinting,achieving high resolution and fidelity to the intended architecture is a common challenge in 3D bioprinting of hydrogels.In this study,we have utilized shear-thinning and self-healing ionically crosslinked oxidized and methacrylated alginates(OMAs)as a bioink,which can be rapidly gelled by its self-healing property after bioprinting and further stabilized via secondary crosslinking.It was successfully demonstrated that stem cell-laden calcium-crosslinked OMA hydrogels can be bioprinted into complicated 3D tissue structures with both high resolution and fidelity.Additional photocrosslinking enables long-term culture of 3D bioprinted constructs for formation of functional tissue by differentiation of encapsulated human mesenchymal stem cells.
基金H.L.acknowledges the Technology Innovation program(20016234)funded by the Ministry of Trade and Industry&Energy(MOTIE)and the National Research Foundation(NRF)grants(NRF-2019K1A4A7A02113032,NRF-2022M3H4A1A02046445,NRF-2018M3D1A1058997)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)of the Korean governmentJ.R.acknowledges the POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center program funded by POSCO,an industry-university strategic grant funded by Samsung Display,and the NRF grants(NRF-2022M3C1A3081312,NRF-2022M3H4A1A02074314,NRF-2019R1A5A8080290,CAMM-2019M3A6B3030637)funded by the MSIT of the Korean government+1 种基金C.W.Q.acknowledges the support by AME Individual Research Grant(IRG)funded by A*STAR,Singapore(Grant No.A2083c0060).J.K.acknowledges the POSTECH Alchemist fellowship.
文摘Nanoimprint lithography(NIL)has attracted attention recently as a promising fabrication method for dielectric metalenses owing to its low cost and high throughput,however,high aspect ratio(HAR)nanostructures are required to manipulate the full 2πphase of light.Conventional NIL using a hard-polydimethylsiloxane(h-PDMS)mold inevitably incurs shear stress on the nanostructures which is inversely proportional to the surface area parallel to the direction of detachment.Therefore,HAR structures are subjected to larger shear stresses,causing structural failure.Herein,we propose a novel wet etching NIL method with no detachment process to fabricate flawless HAR metalenses.The water-soluble replica mold is fabricated with polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)which is simpler than an h-PDMS mold,and the flexibility of the PVA mold is suitable for direct printing as its high tensile modulus allows high-resolution patterning of HAR metalenses.The diffraction-limited focusing of the printed metalenses demonstrates that it operates as an ideal lens in the visible regime.This method can potentially be used for manufacturing various nanophotonic devices that require HAR nanostructures at low cost and high throughput,facilitating commercialization.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2301403)National Natural Science Foundation of China grants(82225028 and 82172287)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(2022J01638).
文摘Cas12h1 is a compact CRISPR-associated nuclease from functionally diverse type V CRISPR-Cas effectors and recognizes a purine-rich protospacer adjacent motif(PAM)distinct from that of other type V Cas effectors.Here,we report the nickase preference of Cas12h1,which predominantly cleaves the nontarget strand(NTS)of a double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)substrate.In addition,Cas12h1 acts as a nickase in human cells.We further determined the cryo-EM structures of Cas12h1 in the surveillance,R-loop formation,and interference states,revealing the molecular mechanisms involved in the crRNA maturation,target recognition,R-loop formation,nuclease activation and target degradation.Cas12h1 notably recognizes a broad 5’-DHR-3’PAM(D is A,G,or T;H is A,C,or T;R is A or G)both in vitro and in human cells.In addition,Cas12h1 utilizes a distinct activation mechanism that the lid motif undergoes a“flexible to stable”transition to expose the catalytic site to the substrate.A high-fidelity nucleic acid detector,Cas12h1hf,was developed through rational engineering,which distinguishes single-base mismatches and retains comparable on-target activities.Our results shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying Cas12h1 nickase,improve the understanding of type V Cas effectors,and expand the CRISPR toolbox for genome editing and molecular diagnosis.
基金supported by the UCAS-ULille joint PhD training program and also partially supported within the frame of the EE4.0(Electrical Energy 4.0)project,which is co-financed by the European Union,with the financial support of the European Regional Development Fund(ERDF),the French state,and the French Region of Hautsde-France.
文摘Digital twin is considered the key technique for real-time monitoring and life-cycle management of electric equipment.To construct the digital twin model of electric equipment,a multi-parameter electromagnetic analysis is needed to generate a large amount of high fidelity data under various working condition.However,repeated solving such multi-parameter electromagnetic problems based on full order finite element method may lead to extreme scale calculations.To address this issue,a hybrid approach that combines tensor decomposition and proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)is introduced,which can effectively establish a reduced order model for multi-parameter electromagnetic field problems.The performance of the proposed approach is illustrated through three numerical examples,namely an electrical motor,a transformer and a voice coil actuator including parameter variations of operating conditions,geometric parameters,and material parameters.The numerical results show that the proposed hybrid approach has significant advantage compared to conventional reduced order model in situation where the solution changes dramatically within the parameter variation range and even more apparent when the parameter dimension is high.
基金This study was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11902159)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(Grant No.BK20190390)It was also supported in part by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2019M661849).
文摘A high‐fidelity multibody‐system dynamic model of the looped tether transportation system(L‐TTS)is proposed in this study to study its large deformation as well as large overall motion.The absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)‐based gradient‐deficient beam element is employed to establish the accurate model of the two flexible tethers subject to large deformations.The relative movement of climbers along tethers is described by using the sliding joint model based on ANCF.To reduce the collision risks between tethers and climbers,two libration suppression strategies,namely,the decelerated motion of climbers relative to tethers and multiple climbers per tether are investigated in this study.Several numerical simulations not only validate the effectiveness of the two strategies in reducing the collision risks between climbers and tethers,the overall librations of L‐TTS,and the magnitudes of the longitudinal elastic force of tethers,but also verify the good performance of the high‐fidelity model proposed in this study for dynamic simulation of the L‐TTS in microgravity conditions.
