The precise neural mechanisms by which general anesthetics induce unconsciousness remain undetermined,with ongoing debate over whether they primarily affect the cortex directly or act predominantly on the sleep–wake ...The precise neural mechanisms by which general anesthetics induce unconsciousness remain undetermined,with ongoing debate over whether they primarily affect the cortex directly or act predominantly on the sleep–wake brain regions.There is an urgent need for high-precision methodologies to detect and analyze neural information across cortical and subcortical regions.In this study,we designed and fabricated the microelectrode arrays to detect electrophysiological signals from nine brain regions,ranging from the secondary motor cortex to the preoptic area in mice under different concentrations of isoflurane anesthesia.The results demonstrate that isoflurane induces a synchronous inhibitory effect on neural activity in both cortical and subcortical regions of mice during the maintenance phase of anesthesia,which intensifies with increasing anesthesia concentration.Moreover,cortical neurons exhibit a more pronounced inhibitory response to isoflurane,as reflected by significant reductions in local field potential power and spike firing rates compared to subcortical neurons during the suppression phase.These findings suggest that isoflurane during the maintenance phase of anesthesia is more likely to align with the“top-down”paradigm by directly inhibiting cortical regions to maintain unconsciousness.In summary,these discoveries could further refine the study of the neural mechanisms of isoflurane-induced unconsciousness.展开更多
High-precision detection of microwave field information is important in the fields of space wireless communication,space microwave remote sensing,and satellite navigation.In this paper,the high-precision detection of ...High-precision detection of microwave field information is important in the fields of space wireless communication,space microwave remote sensing,and satellite navigation.In this paper,the high-precision detection of broadband microwave is realized.High-precision detection of microwave fields has been realized for the first time based on the spin-mixing model of nitrogen-vacancy color centers and the continuous wave optically detected magnetic resonance(ODMR)process.By changing the power ratio between the signal and reference microwave fields,the validity of high-precision detection of microwaves is verified,and the microwave magnetic field detection resolution is less than 100 nW and the Pearson correlation coefficient of the system’s response to microwave intensity is 0.9974.Then,by optimizing the data acquisition time,the megahertz-level frequency resolution of the signal microwave is achieved.In addition,the gigahertz bandwidth and megahertz resolution were also verified by tuning the resonance frequency of the spin energy level to an external static magnetic field.These results provide an important technological basis for solid-state microwave receivers based on nitrogen-vacancy color centers,highprecision spectral resolution detection,and microwave sensing.展开更多
Pringe array is proposed as the cooperated target in the precise torsion angle detection. The target fringe array image is generated according to the structure of the optical system, and the torsion angle detection al...Pringe array is proposed as the cooperated target in the precise torsion angle detection. The target fringe array image is generated according to the structure of the optical system, and the torsion angle detection algorithm is analyzed in response to the gray distribution of the image. The factors affecting the detection precision of the fringe torsion angle are analyzed theoretically and numerically. It indicates that the detection precision of the torsion angle is 1 angular second or even less, carefully selecting the detector array. Significantly, experiments are performed to demonstrate the precision and the results match well with the simulations.展开更多
文摘The precise neural mechanisms by which general anesthetics induce unconsciousness remain undetermined,with ongoing debate over whether they primarily affect the cortex directly or act predominantly on the sleep–wake brain regions.There is an urgent need for high-precision methodologies to detect and analyze neural information across cortical and subcortical regions.In this study,we designed and fabricated the microelectrode arrays to detect electrophysiological signals from nine brain regions,ranging from the secondary motor cortex to the preoptic area in mice under different concentrations of isoflurane anesthesia.The results demonstrate that isoflurane induces a synchronous inhibitory effect on neural activity in both cortical and subcortical regions of mice during the maintenance phase of anesthesia,which intensifies with increasing anesthesia concentration.Moreover,cortical neurons exhibit a more pronounced inhibitory response to isoflurane,as reflected by significant reductions in local field potential power and spike firing rates compared to subcortical neurons during the suppression phase.These findings suggest that isoflurane during the maintenance phase of anesthesia is more likely to align with the“top-down”paradigm by directly inhibiting cortical regions to maintain unconsciousness.In summary,these discoveries could further refine the study of the neural mechanisms of isoflurane-induced unconsciousness.
基金supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20141)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52435011,62103385,62175219).
文摘High-precision detection of microwave field information is important in the fields of space wireless communication,space microwave remote sensing,and satellite navigation.In this paper,the high-precision detection of broadband microwave is realized.High-precision detection of microwave fields has been realized for the first time based on the spin-mixing model of nitrogen-vacancy color centers and the continuous wave optically detected magnetic resonance(ODMR)process.By changing the power ratio between the signal and reference microwave fields,the validity of high-precision detection of microwaves is verified,and the microwave magnetic field detection resolution is less than 100 nW and the Pearson correlation coefficient of the system’s response to microwave intensity is 0.9974.Then,by optimizing the data acquisition time,the megahertz-level frequency resolution of the signal microwave is achieved.In addition,the gigahertz bandwidth and megahertz resolution were also verified by tuning the resonance frequency of the spin energy level to an external static magnetic field.These results provide an important technological basis for solid-state microwave receivers based on nitrogen-vacancy color centers,highprecision spectral resolution detection,and microwave sensing.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61275002.
文摘Pringe array is proposed as the cooperated target in the precise torsion angle detection. The target fringe array image is generated according to the structure of the optical system, and the torsion angle detection algorithm is analyzed in response to the gray distribution of the image. The factors affecting the detection precision of the fringe torsion angle are analyzed theoretically and numerically. It indicates that the detection precision of the torsion angle is 1 angular second or even less, carefully selecting the detector array. Significantly, experiments are performed to demonstrate the precision and the results match well with the simulations.
