Objective To prospectively investigate the diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery stenosis of prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered spiral acquisition mode (high pitch mode) dual-source computed tomography corona...Objective To prospectively investigate the diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery stenosis of prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered spiral acquisition mode (high pitch mode) dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) in patients with relatively higher heart rates (HR) compared with catheter coronary angiography (CCA). Methods Forty-seven consecutive patients with relatively higher HR (>65 and <100 bpm) (20 male, 27 female; age 55±10 years) who both underwent dual-source CTCA and CCA were prospectively included in this study. All patients were performed CTCA using high pitch mode setting at 20%-30% of the R-R interval for the image acquisition. All coronary segments were evaluated by two blinded and independent observers with regard to image quality on a three-point scale (1: excellent to 3: non-diagnostic) and for the presence of significant coronary stenoses (defined as diameter narrowing exceeding 50%). Considered CCA as the standard of reference, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. Radiation dose values were calculated using the dose-length product. Results Image quality was rated as being score 1 in 92.4% of segments, score 2 in 6.1% of segmentsand score 3 in 1.5% of segments. The average image quality score per segment was 1.064±0.306. The HR variability of patients with image score 1, 2 and 3 were 2.29±1.06 bpm, 5.17±1.37 bpm, 8.88±1.53 bpm, respectively. The average HR variability of patients with different image scores were significantly different (F=170.402, P=0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 92.6%, 97.0%, 87.6%, 98.3%, respectively, per segment and 90.0%, 95.2%, 85.3%, 96.9%, respectively, per vessel and 100%, 63.6%, 90.0%, 100%, respectively, per patient. The effective radiation dose was on average 0.86±0.16 mSv. Conclusion In patients with HR more than 65 bpm and below 100 bpm without cardiac arrhythmia, the prospectively electrocardiogram-gated high-pitch spiral acquisition mode with image acquired timing set at 20%-30% of the R-R interval provides a high diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of coronary stenoses combined with a 1.5% of non-diagnostic coronary segments and a radiation dose below 1 mSv.展开更多
Objective To investigate the image quality, radiation dose and diagnostic value of the low-tube-voltage high-pitch dual-source computed tomography(DSCT) with sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction(SAFIRE) for non-...Objective To investigate the image quality, radiation dose and diagnostic value of the low-tube-voltage high-pitch dual-source computed tomography(DSCT) with sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction(SAFIRE) for non-enhanced abdominal and pelvic scans. Methods This institutional review board-approved prospective study included 64 patients who gave written informed consent for additional abdominal and pelvic scan with DSCT in the period from November to December 2012. The patients underwent standard non-enhanced CT scans(protocol 1) [tube voltage of 120 k Vp/pitch of 0.9/filtered back-projection(FBP) reconstruction] followed by high-pitch non-enhanced CT scans(protocol 2)(100 k Vp/3.0/SAFIRE). The total scan time, mean CT number, signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), image quality, lesion detectability and radiation dose were compared between the two protocols. Results The total scan time of protocol 2 was significantly shorter than that of protocol 1(1.4±0.1 seconds vs. 7.6±0.6 seconds, P<0.001). There was no significant difference between protocol 1 and protocol 2 in mean CT number of all organs(liver, 55.4±6.3 HU vs. 56.1±6.8 HU, P=0.214; pancreas, 43.6±5.9 HU vs. 43.7±5.8 HU, P=0.785; spleen, 47.9±3.9 HU vs. 49.4±4.3 HU, P=0.128; kidney, 32.2±2.3 HU vs. 33.1±2.3 HU, P=0.367; abdominal aorta, 44.8±5.6 HU vs. 45.0±5.5 HU, P=0.499; psoas muscle, 50.7±4.1 HU vs. 50.3±4.5 HU, P=0.279). SNR on images of protocol 2 was higher than that of protocol 1(liver, 5.0±1.2 vs. 4.5±1.1, P<0.001; pancreas, 4.0±1.0 vs. 3.6±0.8, P<0.001; spleen, 4.7±1.0 vs. 4.1±0.9, P<0.001; kidney, 3.1±0.6 vs. 2.8±0.6, P<0.001; abdominal aorta, 4.1±1.0 vs. 3.8±1.0, P<0.001; psoas muscle, 4.5±1.1 vs. 4.3±1.2, P=0.012). The overall image noise of protocol 2 was lower than that of protocol1(9.8±3.1 HU vs. 11.1±3.0 HU, P<0.001). Image quality of protocol 2 was good but lower than that of protocol 1(4.1±0.7 vs. 4.6±0.5, P<0.001). Protocol 2 perceived 229 of 234 lesions(97.9%) that were detected in protocol 1 in the abdomen and pelvis. Radiation dose of protocol 2 was lower than that of protocol 1(4.4±0.4 m Sv vs. 7.3±2.4 m Sv, P<0.001) and the mean dose reduction was 41.4%. Conclusion The high-pitch DSCT with SAFIRE can shorten scan time and reduce radiation dose while preserving image quality in non-enhanced abdominal and pelvic scans.展开更多
过渡金属–氮掺杂碳基材料(M-N-C)因其独特的电子结构和可调控的配位环境在电化学CO_(2)还原反应(CO_(2)RR)中展现出显著潜力,但其M-N4活性位点的高几何/电子对称性易导致产物选择性降低,且传统粉末催化剂普遍存在活性位点利用率低、结...过渡金属–氮掺杂碳基材料(M-N-C)因其独特的电子结构和可调控的配位环境在电化学CO_(2)还原反应(CO_(2)RR)中展现出显著潜力,但其M-N4活性位点的高几何/电子对称性易导致产物选择性降低,且传统粉末催化剂普遍存在活性位点利用率低、结构稳定性差及传质受限等问题,严重制约了其实际应用性能。针对上述挑战,提出一种双效协同调控策略:通过硫掺杂重构M-N4中心配位微环境打破其固有的对称性以增强本征催化活性,同时结合三维分级多孔整体式结构设计优化反应物/产物的传质动力学并提高电荷传输效率。以煤液化沥青为碳源,借助聚氨酯泡沫模板法构筑了镍–硫氮共掺杂泡沫炭整体式催化剂并研究了其CO_(2)RR性能。试验表明:S原子的引入对Ni活性中心的电子具有调控作用,同时三维互连骨架结构有利于暴露更多的活性位点,加快反应的传质过程和电荷传导,从而显著提升了CO_(2)RR性能。在0.1 mol/L KHCO3电解液中,该催化剂于-1.4 V vs.RHE电位下实现97.8%的CO法拉第效率,电流密度达到57.8 mA/cm^(2),并在-1.0~-1.8 V vs.RHE宽电位窗口内保持>90%的CO选择性,且能稳定运行15 h以上。研究通过“原子级配位调控–宏观结构设计”的双尺度优化,为开发高效、稳定的整体式CO_(2)RR电催化剂提供了新思路,同时拓展了低阶碳资源(如煤液化沥青)的高值化应用路径。展开更多
目的:探讨和比较双源CT和超声心动图对于复杂型先天性心脏病的诊断价值。方法:入选先心病患者47例,均使用SOMA TOM Flash CT扫描仪和超声心动图行心血管检查。所有入选患者均由外科手术或心血管造影证实。比较双源CT与超声心动图的诊断...目的:探讨和比较双源CT和超声心动图对于复杂型先天性心脏病的诊断价值。方法:入选先心病患者47例,均使用SOMA TOM Flash CT扫描仪和超声心动图行心血管检查。所有入选患者均由外科手术或心血管造影证实。比较双源CT与超声心动图的诊断准确率。结果:经手术或心血管造影证实心内结构异常共38处,双源CT诊断34处,诊断准确率89.47%,超声心动图诊断37处,诊断准确率97.37%。两种方法比较无统计学差异;证实心外结构异常69处,双源CT诊断66处,诊断准确率95.65%,超声心电图诊断56处,诊断准确率85.51%,双源CT诊断准确率高于超声心动图(X2=7.07,P=0.008)。结论:双源CT诊断心外结构异常的诊断准确率高于超声心动图,两者结合有利于全面、准确的诊断复杂型先天性心脏病。展开更多
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Inner Mongolia, China (20110504)
文摘Objective To prospectively investigate the diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery stenosis of prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered spiral acquisition mode (high pitch mode) dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) in patients with relatively higher heart rates (HR) compared with catheter coronary angiography (CCA). Methods Forty-seven consecutive patients with relatively higher HR (>65 and <100 bpm) (20 male, 27 female; age 55±10 years) who both underwent dual-source CTCA and CCA were prospectively included in this study. All patients were performed CTCA using high pitch mode setting at 20%-30% of the R-R interval for the image acquisition. All coronary segments were evaluated by two blinded and independent observers with regard to image quality on a three-point scale (1: excellent to 3: non-diagnostic) and for the presence of significant coronary stenoses (defined as diameter narrowing exceeding 50%). Considered CCA as the standard of reference, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. Radiation dose values were calculated using the dose-length product. Results Image quality was rated as being score 1 in 92.4% of segments, score 2 in 6.1% of segmentsand score 3 in 1.5% of segments. The average image quality score per segment was 1.064±0.306. The HR variability of patients with image score 1, 2 and 3 were 2.29±1.06 bpm, 5.17±1.37 bpm, 8.88±1.53 bpm, respectively. The average HR variability of patients with different image scores were significantly different (F=170.402, P=0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 92.6%, 97.0%, 87.6%, 98.3%, respectively, per segment and 90.0%, 95.2%, 85.3%, 96.9%, respectively, per vessel and 100%, 63.6%, 90.0%, 100%, respectively, per patient. The effective radiation dose was on average 0.86±0.16 mSv. Conclusion In patients with HR more than 65 bpm and below 100 bpm without cardiac arrhythmia, the prospectively electrocardiogram-gated high-pitch spiral acquisition mode with image acquired timing set at 20%-30% of the R-R interval provides a high diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of coronary stenoses combined with a 1.5% of non-diagnostic coronary segments and a radiation dose below 1 mSv.
文摘Objective To investigate the image quality, radiation dose and diagnostic value of the low-tube-voltage high-pitch dual-source computed tomography(DSCT) with sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction(SAFIRE) for non-enhanced abdominal and pelvic scans. Methods This institutional review board-approved prospective study included 64 patients who gave written informed consent for additional abdominal and pelvic scan with DSCT in the period from November to December 2012. The patients underwent standard non-enhanced CT scans(protocol 1) [tube voltage of 120 k Vp/pitch of 0.9/filtered back-projection(FBP) reconstruction] followed by high-pitch non-enhanced CT scans(protocol 2)(100 k Vp/3.0/SAFIRE). The total scan time, mean CT number, signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), image quality, lesion detectability and radiation dose were compared between the two protocols. Results The total scan time of protocol 2 was significantly shorter than that of protocol 1(1.4±0.1 seconds vs. 7.6±0.6 seconds, P<0.001). There was no significant difference between protocol 1 and protocol 2 in mean CT number of all organs(liver, 55.4±6.3 HU vs. 56.1±6.8 HU, P=0.214; pancreas, 43.6±5.9 HU vs. 43.7±5.8 HU, P=0.785; spleen, 47.9±3.9 HU vs. 49.4±4.3 HU, P=0.128; kidney, 32.2±2.3 HU vs. 33.1±2.3 HU, P=0.367; abdominal aorta, 44.8±5.6 HU vs. 45.0±5.5 HU, P=0.499; psoas muscle, 50.7±4.1 HU vs. 50.3±4.5 HU, P=0.279). SNR on images of protocol 2 was higher than that of protocol 1(liver, 5.0±1.2 vs. 4.5±1.1, P<0.001; pancreas, 4.0±1.0 vs. 3.6±0.8, P<0.001; spleen, 4.7±1.0 vs. 4.1±0.9, P<0.001; kidney, 3.1±0.6 vs. 2.8±0.6, P<0.001; abdominal aorta, 4.1±1.0 vs. 3.8±1.0, P<0.001; psoas muscle, 4.5±1.1 vs. 4.3±1.2, P=0.012). The overall image noise of protocol 2 was lower than that of protocol1(9.8±3.1 HU vs. 11.1±3.0 HU, P<0.001). Image quality of protocol 2 was good but lower than that of protocol 1(4.1±0.7 vs. 4.6±0.5, P<0.001). Protocol 2 perceived 229 of 234 lesions(97.9%) that were detected in protocol 1 in the abdomen and pelvis. Radiation dose of protocol 2 was lower than that of protocol 1(4.4±0.4 m Sv vs. 7.3±2.4 m Sv, P<0.001) and the mean dose reduction was 41.4%. Conclusion The high-pitch DSCT with SAFIRE can shorten scan time and reduce radiation dose while preserving image quality in non-enhanced abdominal and pelvic scans.
文摘过渡金属–氮掺杂碳基材料(M-N-C)因其独特的电子结构和可调控的配位环境在电化学CO_(2)还原反应(CO_(2)RR)中展现出显著潜力,但其M-N4活性位点的高几何/电子对称性易导致产物选择性降低,且传统粉末催化剂普遍存在活性位点利用率低、结构稳定性差及传质受限等问题,严重制约了其实际应用性能。针对上述挑战,提出一种双效协同调控策略:通过硫掺杂重构M-N4中心配位微环境打破其固有的对称性以增强本征催化活性,同时结合三维分级多孔整体式结构设计优化反应物/产物的传质动力学并提高电荷传输效率。以煤液化沥青为碳源,借助聚氨酯泡沫模板法构筑了镍–硫氮共掺杂泡沫炭整体式催化剂并研究了其CO_(2)RR性能。试验表明:S原子的引入对Ni活性中心的电子具有调控作用,同时三维互连骨架结构有利于暴露更多的活性位点,加快反应的传质过程和电荷传导,从而显著提升了CO_(2)RR性能。在0.1 mol/L KHCO3电解液中,该催化剂于-1.4 V vs.RHE电位下实现97.8%的CO法拉第效率,电流密度达到57.8 mA/cm^(2),并在-1.0~-1.8 V vs.RHE宽电位窗口内保持>90%的CO选择性,且能稳定运行15 h以上。研究通过“原子级配位调控–宏观结构设计”的双尺度优化,为开发高效、稳定的整体式CO_(2)RR电催化剂提供了新思路,同时拓展了低阶碳资源(如煤液化沥青)的高值化应用路径。
文摘目的:探讨和比较双源CT和超声心动图对于复杂型先天性心脏病的诊断价值。方法:入选先心病患者47例,均使用SOMA TOM Flash CT扫描仪和超声心动图行心血管检查。所有入选患者均由外科手术或心血管造影证实。比较双源CT与超声心动图的诊断准确率。结果:经手术或心血管造影证实心内结构异常共38处,双源CT诊断34处,诊断准确率89.47%,超声心动图诊断37处,诊断准确率97.37%。两种方法比较无统计学差异;证实心外结构异常69处,双源CT诊断66处,诊断准确率95.65%,超声心电图诊断56处,诊断准确率85.51%,双源CT诊断准确率高于超声心动图(X2=7.07,P=0.008)。结论:双源CT诊断心外结构异常的诊断准确率高于超声心动图,两者结合有利于全面、准确的诊断复杂型先天性心脏病。
