High-quality development of higher education is the key to high-quality economic and social development in Heilongjiang Province.Strong education is a strategic project for the development of a high-quality population...High-quality development of higher education is the key to high-quality economic and social development in Heilongjiang Province.Strong education is a strategic project for the development of a high-quality population,and high-quality education is the key to improving the overall quality of the population.The current northeastern region is in a critical period of comprehensive revitalization,there is an urgent need for education,science and technology,and human resources to provide a trinity of all-round,multi-factor support.It is essential for colleges and universities in Northeast China to consolidate their strengths,apply targeted efforts,and serve the Party and the state by playing a renewed and more prominent role within the broader strategic context.In light of the comprehensive revitalization of the Northeast,identifying the challenges facing higher education in Heilongjiang Province and proposing appropriate development pathways has become a pressing and widely discussed issue in both academic and practical circles.展开更多
The Heilongjiang Complex in northeast China(NE China)separates the Jiamusi and Songliao blocks and marks the suture zone of the former Mudanjiang Ocean,as evidenced by a variety of oceanic basalt-derived blueschists.U...The Heilongjiang Complex in northeast China(NE China)separates the Jiamusi and Songliao blocks and marks the suture zone of the former Mudanjiang Ocean,as evidenced by a variety of oceanic basalt-derived blueschists.Understanding the closure history of the Mudanjiang Ocean is crucial to unravelling the tectonic transition from the final amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB)to the onset of the Paleo-Pacific subduction.In this study,we investigate epidote-ferroglaucophane(Ep-Fgl)and garnet-ferrobarroisite(Grt-Fbrs)schists from the Yilan area of the Heilongjiang Complex through petrological,mineralogical,thermodynamic modelling,whole-rock geochemical,and geochronological analyses.The Ep-Fgl schists preserve a peak assemblage of ferroglaucophane+epidote+chlorite+clinopyroxene+phengite+titanite with peak P-T conditions of 13.5-15.8 kbar and 458-495℃.On the other hand,the Grt-Fbrs schists exhibit a peak assemblage of garnet+glaucophane/ferroglaucophane+lawsonite+chlorite+phengite+rutile±clinopyroxene±titanite,deriving peak P-T conditions of 16.4-18.3 kbar and 457-475℃.Both types of schist record similar clockwise P-T paths,with three metamorphic stages:a peak epidote-to-lawsonite blueschist-facies stage,a post-peak decompression stage in the epidote amphibolite-facies,and a late greenschist-facies overprint stage.The Ep-Fgl schists display alkaline OIB-like geochemical affinities,while the Grt-Fbrs schists show tholeiitic MORB-like characteristics,suggesting that the protoliths represent fragments of the Mudanjiang oceanic crust.Magmatic zircon grains from Ep-Fgl schists yield protolith ages of 276±1 Ma and 280±1 Ma,whereas zircon of Grt-Fbrs schists document protolith ages of 249±2 Ma and 248±2 Ma,indicating that the Mudanjiang Ocean existed since at least the early Permian.Reconstruction of the metamorphic P-T evolution,combined with previous magmatic and metamorphic age data from rocks of the Heilongjiang Complex and of adjacent tectonic units suggests that the subduction and eventual closure of the Mudanjiang Ocean occurred between the late Triassic and middle Jurassic,driven by a regional stress regime shift caused by the westward subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath Eurasia.展开更多
As a pivotal frontier in China’s“Opening-Up to the North”strategy,the supportive and leading role of higher education in Heilongjiang Province is crucial.From a geo-strategic perspective,systematically analyzing th...As a pivotal frontier in China’s“Opening-Up to the North”strategy,the supportive and leading role of higher education in Heilongjiang Province is crucial.From a geo-strategic perspective,systematically analyzing the realistic foundation,core opportunities,and challenges faced by Heilongjiang’s higher education in serving this strategy is a call of the times.Addressing current prominent issues-such as the misalignment between the structure of academic disciplines and strategic needs,insufficient depth in the integration of industry,academia,research,and application,and an underdeveloped ecosystem for international education-requires innovative approaches.These include optimizing the disciplinary cluster system,innovating talent cultivation models,building high-level new think tanks,and creating a resilient international ecosystem.Such measures aim to enhance the support capacity and contribution of higher education to the“Opening-Up to the North”strategy.展开更多
This article focuses on the economic dividends of Heilongjiang Province hosting the 9th Asian Winter Games(2025),centered on the ice and snow economy’s high-quality development.Leveraging unique ice and snow resource...This article focuses on the economic dividends of Heilongjiang Province hosting the 9th Asian Winter Games(2025),centered on the ice and snow economy’s high-quality development.Leveraging unique ice and snow resources,Heilongjiang built a“sports events+full industrial chain”model,driving ice and snow tourism upgrading,equipment technology breakthroughs,and cultural brand internationalization.The event optimized the industrial structure by upgrading traditional industries,fostering emerging sectors,and advancing modern services.It also spurred infrastructure leapfrogs(transportation,smart cities,ecology),improved livelihoods(employment,income,public services),and boosted innovation(technology R&D,digital integration,opening-up).Looking ahead,Heilongjiang will use the event’s long-term effects to build a ice and snow-led modern industrial system for high-quality development.展开更多
There have always been academic debates regarding the timing and geodynamics of the superimposition and transformation between the Paleo-Pacific Ocean and the Paleo-Asian Ocean.To resolve the relevant issues over this...There have always been academic debates regarding the timing and geodynamics of the superimposition and transformation between the Paleo-Pacific Ocean and the Paleo-Asian Ocean.To resolve the relevant issues over this debate,the authors selected the Jilin–Heilongjiang high-pressure metamorphic belt(Ji–Hei HP Belt)between the Jiamusi–Khanka Block and the Songliao Block in NE China as the study area.This area preserves important records of the superimposition and transformation between these two tectonic domains.This study aims to address this issue through geochemical and zircon U–Pb dating analyses of the Yilan blueschist of Heilongjiang Complex exposed in the Ji–Hei HP Belt.In the geochemical analysis,it has been discovered that the protoliths of the blueschist in the Yilan area consist of subalkaline basalt,which displays geochemical characteristics of Ocean Island Basalt that indicated an oceanic island setting.The LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb analysis yields ages of 248±4 Ma and 259±2 Ma from the magma zircons of the blueschists,indicating that the basalt protolith was formed in Late Permian to Early Triassic(259–248 Ma).Based on the results of this study and the regional data,it is proposed that the Jilin–Heilongjiang Ocean opened during Late Permian to Early Triassic(259–248 Ma).This period marks a crucial stage from the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean to the initiation of Paleo-Pacific oceanic subduction.展开更多
By analyzing the urbanization of rural areas in Heilongjiang Province,the authors pointed out the existing problems:insufficient motive power of its subjects,low construction level,less prominent functional features o...By analyzing the urbanization of rural areas in Heilongjiang Province,the authors pointed out the existing problems:insufficient motive power of its subjects,low construction level,less prominent functional features of townlets,low scale merits,low efficiency of resource distribution and so on.According to the classification of its townlets,the following 4 modes were given for the rural urbanization of Heilongjiang:A.Motivated by Ecological Construction.It is to solve population problems through ecological migrants,enhance infrastructure construction of townlets,strengthen their capacity of concentrating and absorbing resources;B.Motivated by featured agriculture.It is to develop featured industries on the basis of featured resources with market as the orientation,create a favorable exterior development environment for featured agriculture with the help of government;C.Based on Competitive Tourist Products.It is to coordinate the development of tourism and townlets through scientific planning,design competitive tourism projects and build famous tourism towns;D.Driven by Trade and Processing Industry.It is to promote the capacity of these towns in developing foreign trade,improve policy environment and trade facilities.All these 4 modes are proposed on the basis of actual conditions to give more choices for the characteristic urbanization of its rural areas.展开更多
Five forest landscapes in the maps of forest distribution in Heilongjiang Province in 1896 and 1986 were digitized and analyzed through GIS software. The results show that during the 90 years the total patch areas for...Five forest landscapes in the maps of forest distribution in Heilongjiang Province in 1896 and 1986 were digitized and analyzed through GIS software. The results show that during the 90 years the total patch areas for Picea and Abies forest, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litvin forest and Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. forest had decreased about 87%, 40% and 84%, respectively. However, the total patch areas for broad leaved forest at the north of 51°N area had increased about 500%. The north frontier of broad leaved forest had moved towards northwest about 290 km. The fractal dimensions of Picea and Abies forest and mixed coniferous and broad leaved forest in 1986 were less than theirs in 1896, respectively. However, the fractal dimension of Pinus synvestris forest, Pinus koraiensis and broad leaved forest were more than theirs in 1896, respectively. Picea and Abies forest, Pinus synvestris forest, Pinus koraiensis and broad leaved forest became more fragmented. The transition percentages of Pinus sylvestris forest, Picea and Abies forest, Pinus koraiensis forest to themselves were less than the percentages to the mixed coniferous and broad leaved forest, respectively.展开更多
With the help of GIS tool of ARC/INFO, ARCVIEW and FRAGSTATS, the map of forest resource distribution of Heilongjiang Province was analyzed in 1896, 1949 and 1981. Using total area, mean patch size, patch density, coe...With the help of GIS tool of ARC/INFO, ARCVIEW and FRAGSTATS, the map of forest resource distribution of Heilongjiang Province was analyzed in 1896, 1949 and 1981. Using total area, mean patch size, patch density, coefficient of patch size variation, mean patch fractal dimension and mean shape index, we studied the change of forest landscape pattern and the change of each patch types in this region. As a result, the total area of forest landscape and mean patch size decreased sharply, the quantity and density of patches increased, the juxtaposition of patches weakened, the shape of patch tended to become regular, and the border of patch simplified. All these showed that the forest landscape of this area tended to fragment gradually, and the fragment of Korean pine forest is the severest. The diversity of whole forest landscape and the evenness of landscape types distribution reduced gradually. Human impact, instead of climate change and forest community succession, is the most important reason for such dramatic changes.展开更多
Mao抏rshan region is a representative natural secondary forested region in the eastern mountainous region, north-east of China. Under the support of ARC/INFO, the landscape pattern and landscape diversity of Maoerhsha...Mao抏rshan region is a representative natural secondary forested region in the eastern mountainous region, north-east of China. Under the support of ARC/INFO, the landscape pattern and landscape diversity of Maoerhshan region were studied by combining the forest type map (1:10000), which was drawn from the aerial photographs (1999), field investigation and land utilization map (1:10000). The selected indices included patch number, patch size, patch density index, richness index, dominance index, evenness index and diversity index. The results showed that the landscape dominant forest type in Mao抏rshan region was softwood broad-leaved forest. In all landscape types, the average patch area of natural secondary for-ests was bigger than that of artificial forest. The patch density index of each landscape formed in artificial forest was higher than that of natural secondary forest. The landscape diversity index and landscape evenness index of natural forest were highest, the landscape heterogeneity was also, but the landscape dominance was lower. In natural forest, the control effects of landscape elements on landscape-structure, function and its change were weakened. The artificial forest was on the contrary.展开更多
Based on the 1961-2010 weather data from 65 meteorological stations in Heilongjiang Province, using the statistic software and GIS, the change characteristics of water budget, including the precipitation, reference ev...Based on the 1961-2010 weather data from 65 meteorological stations in Heilongjiang Province, using the statistic software and GIS, the change characteristics of water budget, including the precipitation, reference evapotranspiration and water budget in the whole year and the temperature-defined growing season, were analyzed. The results indicated that the both the precipitation during the whole year and that of during the temperature-defined growing season from 1961 to 2010 all decreased, while the annual reference evapotranspiration decreased, but the reference evapotranspiration during the temperature-defined growing season presented an increasing trend. The water resources were generally characterized by water deficit, especially in the beginning of 21 st .展开更多
Seven species of family Cleridae are reported from Heilongjiang Province in the present paper, including one species, Orthrius striatulus （Motschlsky）, which is firstly recorded from China. Distributional data and a...Seven species of family Cleridae are reported from Heilongjiang Province in the present paper, including one species, Orthrius striatulus （Motschlsky）, which is firstly recorded from China. Distributional data and adult photos for all the species and brief diagnosis for new record species are also provided.展开更多
Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical data of volcanic rocks in the Suifenhe Formation in eastern Heilongjiang Province are reported, and their petrogenesis is discussed in this paper. The Suifenhe Formation mainly consist...Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical data of volcanic rocks in the Suifenhe Formation in eastern Heilongjiang Province are reported, and their petrogenesis is discussed in this paper. The Suifenhe Formation mainly consists of basalt, andesite, and dacite. Zircon from andesite and dacite are euhedral in shape and show typical oscillatory zoning with high Th/U ratios （0.18-0.57）, implying its magmatic origin. Zircon U-Pb dating results by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer （LA-ICP-MS） indicate that the ^206Pb/^238U ages of zircons from andesite range within 105- 106 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 105.5±0.8 Ma （n=14）, and that ^206pb/^238U ages of zircons from dacite are between 90-96 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 93.2±1.3 Ma （n =13）. The volcanic rocks from the Snifenhe Formation are subalkaline series and show a calc-alkaline evolutionary trend with SiO2 content of 47.69%-65.47%, MgO contents of 1.42%-6.80% （Mg^#= 45-53）, and Na2O/K2O ratios of 1.83-3.63. They are characterized by enrichment in large ion lithophile elements （LILE） and lightrare-earth elements （LREE）, depletion in heavy rare earth elements （HREE） and high field strength elements （HFSE） （e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti）, and low initial ^87Sr/^86Sr ratios （0.7041-0.7057） and positive εNd（t） ValUes （0.39-4.08）, implying that they could be derived from a depleted magma source. Taken together, these results suggest that the primary magma of the volcanic rocks might originate from partial melting of the mantle wedge metasomatized by fluids derived from subducted slab under a tectonic setting of active continental margin.展开更多
This study is focused on indexes for the rice chilling injury in Heilongjiang Province during 1960-2009. Firstly, we compared a new derived climate data weighted by rice planting density with the traditional method, a...This study is focused on indexes for the rice chilling injury in Heilongjiang Province during 1960-2009. Firstly, we compared a new derived climate data weighted by rice planting density with the traditional method, and found that the new one is more reasonable to assess the impact of climate change on crop yields. Considering the frequency and intensity of rice chilling in the province, secondly, chilling indexes defined by meteorological, national and international levels were assessed. The result showed that the meteorological standards were suitable for the delayed-type injury, while the international one, so-called sum of Grow- ing Degree Day below threshold （GDDn.）, characterized best the sterile-type chilling injury for rice. The explanation ability of the rice yield time series model including both injury types as two independent variables reached approximately 92% （p 〈 0.05）. Finally, we concluded that the contribution rates of human and weather factors to rice yields are about 87.2% and 12.8% respectively, and as light increasing trend for sterile-type chilling injury was found during heading to flowing period in recent years, indicating a high chilling risk for rice planting in Heilongjiang Province in the future global warming.展开更多
Against the current background of global climate change, the study of variations in the soil carbon pool and its controlling factors may aid in the evaluation of soil＇s role in the mitigation or enhancement of greenh...Against the current background of global climate change, the study of variations in the soil carbon pool and its controlling factors may aid in the evaluation of soil＇s role in the mitigation or enhancement of greenhouse gas. This paper studies spatial and temporal variation in the soil carbon pool and their controlling factors in the southern Song-nen Plain in Heilongjiang Province, using soil data collected over two distinct periods by the Multi-purpose Regional Geochemical Survey in 2005-2007, and another soil survey conducted in 1982-1990. The study area is a carbon source of 1479 t/km2 and in the past 20 years, from the 1980s until 2005, the practical carbon emission from the soil was 0.12 Gt. Temperature, which has been found to be linearly correlated to soil organic carbon, is the domi- nant climatologic factor controlling soil organic carbon contents. Our study shows that in the relevant area and time period the potential loss of soil organic carbon caused by rising temperatures was 0.10 Gt, the potential soil carbon emission resulting from land-use change was 0.09 Gt, and the combined potential loss of soil carbon （0.19 Gt） caused by warming and land-use change is comparable to that of fossil fuel combustion （0.21 Gt）. Due to the time delay in soil carbon pool variation, there is still 0.07 Gt in the potential emission caused by warming and land-use change that will be gradually released in the future.展开更多
Atmospheric particulate matter(PM2.5) seriously influences air quality. It is considered one of the main environmental triggers for lung and heart diseases. Air pollutants can be adsorbed by forest. In this study we i...Atmospheric particulate matter(PM2.5) seriously influences air quality. It is considered one of the main environmental triggers for lung and heart diseases. Air pollutants can be adsorbed by forest. In this study we investigated the effect of forest cover on urban PM2.5 concentrations in 12 cities in Heilongjiang Province,China. The forest cover in each city was constant throughout the study period. The average daily concentration of PM2.5 in 12 cities was below 75 lg/m^3 during the non-heating period but exceeded this level during heating period. Furthermore, there were more moderate pollution days in six cities. This indicated that forests had the ability to reduce the concentration of PM2.5 but the main cause of air pollution was excessive human interference and artificial heating in winter. We classified the 12 cities according to the average PM2.5 concentrations. The relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and forest cover was obtained by integrating forest cover, land area,heated areas and number of vehicles in cities. Finally,considering the complexity of PM2.5 formation and based on the theory of random forestry, we selected six cities and analyzed their meteorological and air pollutant data. The main factors affecting PM2.5 concentrations were PM10,NO_2, CO and SO_2 in air pollutants while meteorological factors were secondary.展开更多
Three taxa of Late Cretaceous aquatic angiosperms, Queruexia angulata （Lesq.） Krysht., Cobbania corrugata （Lesq.） Stockey et al. and Nelumbites cf. extenuinervis Upchurch et al. from Jiayin of Heilongjiang, NE Chi...Three taxa of Late Cretaceous aquatic angiosperms, Queruexia angulata （Lesq.） Krysht., Cobbania corrugata （Lesq.） Stockey et al. and Nelumbites cf. extenuinervis Upchurch et al. from Jiayin of Heilongjiang, NE China, are described in detail. Among them, Cobbania and Nelumbites from the Upper Cretaceous in China are reported for the first time. The aquatic angiosperm assemblage of Queruexia-Cobbania-Nelumbites appears to imply a seasonal, warm and moist environment in the Jiayin area during the Santonian-Campanian time.展开更多
Rice(Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple crops in China. Increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations and associated climate change may greatly affect rice production. We assessed the potentia...Rice(Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple crops in China. Increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations and associated climate change may greatly affect rice production. We assessed the potential impacts of climate change on cold rice production in the Heilongjiang province, one of China's most important rice production regions. Data for a baseline period(1961–1990) and the period 2010–2050 in A2 and B2 scenarios were used as input to drive the rice model ORYZA2000 with and without accounting for the effects of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. The results indicate that mean,maximum, and minimum temperature during the rice growing season, in the future period considered, would increase by 1.8 °C under the A2 scenario and by 2.2 °C under the B2 scenario compared with those in the baseline. The rate of change in average maximum and minimum temperatures would increase by 0.6 °C per 10-year period under the A2 scenario and by 0.4 °C per 10-year period under the B2 scenario. Precipitation would increase slightly in the rice growing season over the next 40 years. The rice growing season would be shortened and the yield would increase in most areas in the Heilongjiang province. Without accounting for CO2 effect, the rice growing season in the period 2010–2050 would be shortened by 4.7 and 5.8 days,and rice yields would increase by 11.9% and 7.9%, under the A2 and B2 scenarios, respectively.Areas with simulated rice yield increases greater than 30.0% were in the Xiaoxing'an Mountain region. The simulation indicated a decrease in yield of less than 15% in the southwestern Songnen Plain. The rate of change in simulated rice yield was 5.0% and 2.5% per 10 years under the A2 and B2 scenarios, respectively. When CO2 effect was accounted for, rice yield increased by 44.5% and 31.3% under the A2 and B2 scenarios, respectively. The areas of increasing yield were sharply expanded. The area of decreasing yield in the western region of Songnen Plains disappeared when increasing CO2 concentration was considered. The stability of rice yield would increase from 2010 to 2050. Overall, the simulation indicates that rice production will be affected positively by climate change in the next 40 years in the Heilongjiang province, China.展开更多
The Duobaoshan ore concentration area, located in Nenjiang County of Heilongjiang Province, is an important porphyry Cu-Mo ore concentration area in China, which is characterized by complex magmatic activities and mul...The Duobaoshan ore concentration area, located in Nenjiang County of Heilongjiang Province, is an important porphyry Cu-Mo ore concentration area in China, which is characterized by complex magmatic activities and multi-phase overprinting metallogenesis. On the basis of field geological observation, systematic sampling, in-lab analysis and the metallogenic regularity in the Xiang＇an- Mongolian metallogenic belt, this work carried out high-precision dating and geochemical analysis on the Yuejin, 173-kilometer and Wolihedingzi rock bodies. These rock bodies are renamed monzonitic granite and their consistent age （238 Ma） show that they were formed not in Variscan but in Indosinian. Therefore, it is inferred that the ore spots formed in the potassium silicate and sericite alteration zones of the rock mass also belong to Indosinian. In addition, we collected granodiorite from the Tongshan mining pit, and its zircon age is 223.1＋2.8 Ma and the Cu content of the sample is high. The Tongshan mineralization is inferred to undergo the superimposition of Indosinian diagenetic mineralization. The age of the granodiorite porphyry related to copper-molybdenum mineralization in the Xiaoduobaoshan area is 222.1~5.5 Ma, and the earlier age of granodiorite is 471.8^-7.4 Ma, indicating that the initial magmatic activities belong to the Duobaoshan porphyry system in the Caledonian period. The geochemical characteristics of the Indosinian rock samples show continental arc features, with reference to tectonic-magmatic activities of the whole Daxing＇anling area. We consider that the magmatic activities and mineralization of the Indosinian period are affected by the southward subduction of Okhotsk Ocean since Late Permian. By combining the mineralization rules of Daxinganling area and the structural systems of Duobaoshan ore concentration area, we divide two rock-mineralization belts in this area including the Yuejin-Duobaoshan-Tongshan belt and 173-kilometer-Xiaoduobaoshan-Wolihedingzi belt, which are distributed nearly parallel along the NW-trending fractures and show similar geotectonic settings and the timing of the magmatic activities. It is favorable for discovering porphyry Cu-Mo deposits in these two metallogenic belts, especially in the Yuejin, 173-kilometer and Wolihedingzi areas where less research work has been made.展开更多
For the scientific management of farmland, it is significant to understand the spatio-temporal variability of soil organic matter and to study the influences of related factors. Using geostatistical theory, GIS spatia...For the scientific management of farmland, it is significant to understand the spatio-temporal variability of soil organic matter and to study the influences of related factors. Using geostatistical theory, GIS spatial analysis, trend analysis and a Geographically Weighted Regression （GWR） model, this study analyzed the response of soil organic matter to climate and socio-economic factors in central Heilongjiang Province during the past 25 years. Second soil survey data of China for 1979-1985, 2005 field sampling data, climate observations and socio-economic data for 1980-2005 were analyzed. First, soil organic matter in 2005 was spatially interpolated using the Co-Kriging method along with auxiliary data sets of soil type and pH. The spatio-temporal variability was then studied by comparison with the 1980s second soil census data. Next, the temporal trends in climate and socio-economic factors over the past 25 years were investigated. Finally, we examined the variation of the response of soil organic matter to climate and socio-economic factors using the GWR model spatially and temporally. The model showed that 53.82% area of the organic matter content remained constant and 29.39% has decreased during the past 25 years. The impact of precipitation on organic matter content is mainly negative, with increasing absolute values of the regression coefficient. The absolute value of regression coefficient of annual average temperature has decreased, and more areas are now under its negative effects. In addition, the areas of positive regression coefficient of annual sunshine hours have northward shifted, with the increasing absolute value of positive coefficient and decreasing absolute value of negative coefficient. The areas of positive regression coefficient of mechanized farming as a socio-economic factor have westward shifted, with the increasing absolute value of negative coefficient and decreasing absolute value of positive coefficient. The area of regions with the positive regression coefficient of irrigation has expanded. The regions with positive regression coefficient of fertilizer use have shrinked. The positive regression coefficient of mulch film consumption has significantly increased. The regression coefficient of pesticide consumption was mainly positive in the west of the study area, while it was negative to the east. Generally, GWR model is capable to investigate the influence of both climatic and socio-economic factors, avoided the insufficiency of other research based on the single perspective of climatic or socio-economic factors. Therefore, we can conclude that GWR model could provide methodological support for global change research and serve as basic reference for cultivated land quality improvement and agricultural decision making.展开更多
The deciduous linden tree （Tilia amurensis Rupr.） is protected at National Level II in China as a species of ecological and economic importance. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the ectomycorrhi...The deciduous linden tree （Tilia amurensis Rupr.） is protected at National Level II in China as a species of ecological and economic importance. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the ectomycorrhizal communities associated with T. amurensis in natural versus urban forests of central Heilongjiang Province. The percentage of T. amurensis colonisation by ectomycorrhiza was more than 60 % in urban forests, compared to 34-49 % in natural forests. Use of a combi- nation of morphological and molecular methods docu- mented 18 ECM （ectomycorrhizal） types among three sites; 12-13 ECM species were identified in the natural sites versus 9 species in the urban site. Four ECM species （Boletus sp., Tuber sp., Inocybe sp.2, Leccinum sp.1） were the dominant mycorrhizal symbionts, and Cenococcum geophilum and Russula sp. were found only in the natural forests.展开更多
基金funded by 2024 Harbin University of Commerce School-Level Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project(HSDJY202473).
文摘High-quality development of higher education is the key to high-quality economic and social development in Heilongjiang Province.Strong education is a strategic project for the development of a high-quality population,and high-quality education is the key to improving the overall quality of the population.The current northeastern region is in a critical period of comprehensive revitalization,there is an urgent need for education,science and technology,and human resources to provide a trinity of all-round,multi-factor support.It is essential for colleges and universities in Northeast China to consolidate their strengths,apply targeted efforts,and serve the Party and the state by playing a renewed and more prominent role within the broader strategic context.In light of the comprehensive revitalization of the Northeast,identifying the challenges facing higher education in Heilongjiang Province and proposing appropriate development pathways has become a pressing and widely discussed issue in both academic and practical circles.
基金the support of Yajing Mao and Lingquan Zhao during the preparation of the manuscript.This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2244206).
文摘The Heilongjiang Complex in northeast China(NE China)separates the Jiamusi and Songliao blocks and marks the suture zone of the former Mudanjiang Ocean,as evidenced by a variety of oceanic basalt-derived blueschists.Understanding the closure history of the Mudanjiang Ocean is crucial to unravelling the tectonic transition from the final amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB)to the onset of the Paleo-Pacific subduction.In this study,we investigate epidote-ferroglaucophane(Ep-Fgl)and garnet-ferrobarroisite(Grt-Fbrs)schists from the Yilan area of the Heilongjiang Complex through petrological,mineralogical,thermodynamic modelling,whole-rock geochemical,and geochronological analyses.The Ep-Fgl schists preserve a peak assemblage of ferroglaucophane+epidote+chlorite+clinopyroxene+phengite+titanite with peak P-T conditions of 13.5-15.8 kbar and 458-495℃.On the other hand,the Grt-Fbrs schists exhibit a peak assemblage of garnet+glaucophane/ferroglaucophane+lawsonite+chlorite+phengite+rutile±clinopyroxene±titanite,deriving peak P-T conditions of 16.4-18.3 kbar and 457-475℃.Both types of schist record similar clockwise P-T paths,with three metamorphic stages:a peak epidote-to-lawsonite blueschist-facies stage,a post-peak decompression stage in the epidote amphibolite-facies,and a late greenschist-facies overprint stage.The Ep-Fgl schists display alkaline OIB-like geochemical affinities,while the Grt-Fbrs schists show tholeiitic MORB-like characteristics,suggesting that the protoliths represent fragments of the Mudanjiang oceanic crust.Magmatic zircon grains from Ep-Fgl schists yield protolith ages of 276±1 Ma and 280±1 Ma,whereas zircon of Grt-Fbrs schists document protolith ages of 249±2 Ma and 248±2 Ma,indicating that the Mudanjiang Ocean existed since at least the early Permian.Reconstruction of the metamorphic P-T evolution,combined with previous magmatic and metamorphic age data from rocks of the Heilongjiang Complex and of adjacent tectonic units suggests that the subduction and eventual closure of the Mudanjiang Ocean occurred between the late Triassic and middle Jurassic,driven by a regional stress regime shift caused by the westward subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath Eurasia.
基金Heilongjiang Province Education Science“14th Five-Year Plan”2025 Annual Comprehensive Education Reform Special Topic Project“Research on the Clusterization Support of Higher Education Disciplines in Heilongjiang Province for‘Opening-Up to the North’from a Geo-Strategic Perspective”(ZJE1425033)Heilongjiang Provincial 2025 Cultural and Tourism Scientific Research Project“Study on the Strategies and Paths of Integrated and All-Season Linked Development of County-Level Tourism Economy in Heilongjiang Province-Taking the Construction of Hulin,a Famous Tourism County,as an Example”(2025WL005)2025 School-Level Cultivation Project for the Construction of Ideological and Political Courses in Postgraduate Curriculum of Heilongjiang University-“Logistics and Supply Chain Management”。
文摘As a pivotal frontier in China’s“Opening-Up to the North”strategy,the supportive and leading role of higher education in Heilongjiang Province is crucial.From a geo-strategic perspective,systematically analyzing the realistic foundation,core opportunities,and challenges faced by Heilongjiang’s higher education in serving this strategy is a call of the times.Addressing current prominent issues-such as the misalignment between the structure of academic disciplines and strategic needs,insufficient depth in the integration of industry,academia,research,and application,and an underdeveloped ecosystem for international education-requires innovative approaches.These include optimizing the disciplinary cluster system,innovating talent cultivation models,building high-level new think tanks,and creating a resilient international ecosystem.Such measures aim to enhance the support capacity and contribution of higher education to the“Opening-Up to the North”strategy.
文摘This article focuses on the economic dividends of Heilongjiang Province hosting the 9th Asian Winter Games(2025),centered on the ice and snow economy’s high-quality development.Leveraging unique ice and snow resources,Heilongjiang built a“sports events+full industrial chain”model,driving ice and snow tourism upgrading,equipment technology breakthroughs,and cultural brand internationalization.The event optimized the industrial structure by upgrading traditional industries,fostering emerging sectors,and advancing modern services.It also spurred infrastructure leapfrogs(transportation,smart cities,ecology),improved livelihoods(employment,income,public services),and boosted innovation(technology R&D,digital integration,opening-up).Looking ahead,Heilongjiang will use the event’s long-term effects to build a ice and snow-led modern industrial system for high-quality development.
基金Supported by projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42430305,42430303 and 42302236).
文摘There have always been academic debates regarding the timing and geodynamics of the superimposition and transformation between the Paleo-Pacific Ocean and the Paleo-Asian Ocean.To resolve the relevant issues over this debate,the authors selected the Jilin–Heilongjiang high-pressure metamorphic belt(Ji–Hei HP Belt)between the Jiamusi–Khanka Block and the Songliao Block in NE China as the study area.This area preserves important records of the superimposition and transformation between these two tectonic domains.This study aims to address this issue through geochemical and zircon U–Pb dating analyses of the Yilan blueschist of Heilongjiang Complex exposed in the Ji–Hei HP Belt.In the geochemical analysis,it has been discovered that the protoliths of the blueschist in the Yilan area consist of subalkaline basalt,which displays geochemical characteristics of Ocean Island Basalt that indicated an oceanic island setting.The LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb analysis yields ages of 248±4 Ma and 259±2 Ma from the magma zircons of the blueschists,indicating that the basalt protolith was formed in Late Permian to Early Triassic(259–248 Ma).Based on the results of this study and the regional data,it is proposed that the Jilin–Heilongjiang Ocean opened during Late Permian to Early Triassic(259–248 Ma).This period marks a crucial stage from the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean to the initiation of Paleo-Pacific oceanic subduction.
基金Supported by the Consultation Project for Major Policy Decisions in Social Sciences of Heilongjiang Province(10-A007)Heilongjiang Provincial Youth Program of Social Sciences(2010)"Research onSupporting Policies for Modern Agricultural Development in Hei-longjiang Province"Humanities and Social Sciences Program of the Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Education(11552064)~~
文摘By analyzing the urbanization of rural areas in Heilongjiang Province,the authors pointed out the existing problems:insufficient motive power of its subjects,low construction level,less prominent functional features of townlets,low scale merits,low efficiency of resource distribution and so on.According to the classification of its townlets,the following 4 modes were given for the rural urbanization of Heilongjiang:A.Motivated by Ecological Construction.It is to solve population problems through ecological migrants,enhance infrastructure construction of townlets,strengthen their capacity of concentrating and absorbing resources;B.Motivated by featured agriculture.It is to develop featured industries on the basis of featured resources with market as the orientation,create a favorable exterior development environment for featured agriculture with the help of government;C.Based on Competitive Tourist Products.It is to coordinate the development of tourism and townlets through scientific planning,design competitive tourism projects and build famous tourism towns;D.Driven by Trade and Processing Industry.It is to promote the capacity of these towns in developing foreign trade,improve policy environment and trade facilities.All these 4 modes are proposed on the basis of actual conditions to give more choices for the characteristic urbanization of its rural areas.
文摘Five forest landscapes in the maps of forest distribution in Heilongjiang Province in 1896 and 1986 were digitized and analyzed through GIS software. The results show that during the 90 years the total patch areas for Picea and Abies forest, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litvin forest and Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. forest had decreased about 87%, 40% and 84%, respectively. However, the total patch areas for broad leaved forest at the north of 51°N area had increased about 500%. The north frontier of broad leaved forest had moved towards northwest about 290 km. The fractal dimensions of Picea and Abies forest and mixed coniferous and broad leaved forest in 1986 were less than theirs in 1896, respectively. However, the fractal dimension of Pinus synvestris forest, Pinus koraiensis and broad leaved forest were more than theirs in 1896, respectively. Picea and Abies forest, Pinus synvestris forest, Pinus koraiensis and broad leaved forest became more fragmented. The transition percentages of Pinus sylvestris forest, Picea and Abies forest, Pinus koraiensis forest to themselves were less than the percentages to the mixed coniferous and broad leaved forest, respectively.
基金The research is supported by Study on the interaction of global change and terrestrial ecosystem in eastern China - 39899370 and the Northeast Forestry University research fund.
文摘With the help of GIS tool of ARC/INFO, ARCVIEW and FRAGSTATS, the map of forest resource distribution of Heilongjiang Province was analyzed in 1896, 1949 and 1981. Using total area, mean patch size, patch density, coefficient of patch size variation, mean patch fractal dimension and mean shape index, we studied the change of forest landscape pattern and the change of each patch types in this region. As a result, the total area of forest landscape and mean patch size decreased sharply, the quantity and density of patches increased, the juxtaposition of patches weakened, the shape of patch tended to become regular, and the border of patch simplified. All these showed that the forest landscape of this area tended to fragment gradually, and the fragment of Korean pine forest is the severest. The diversity of whole forest landscape and the evenness of landscape types distribution reduced gradually. Human impact, instead of climate change and forest community succession, is the most important reason for such dramatic changes.
文摘Mao抏rshan region is a representative natural secondary forested region in the eastern mountainous region, north-east of China. Under the support of ARC/INFO, the landscape pattern and landscape diversity of Maoerhshan region were studied by combining the forest type map (1:10000), which was drawn from the aerial photographs (1999), field investigation and land utilization map (1:10000). The selected indices included patch number, patch size, patch density index, richness index, dominance index, evenness index and diversity index. The results showed that the landscape dominant forest type in Mao抏rshan region was softwood broad-leaved forest. In all landscape types, the average patch area of natural secondary for-ests was bigger than that of artificial forest. The patch density index of each landscape formed in artificial forest was higher than that of natural secondary forest. The landscape diversity index and landscape evenness index of natural forest were highest, the landscape heterogeneity was also, but the landscape dominance was lower. In natural forest, the control effects of landscape elements on landscape-structure, function and its change were weakened. The artificial forest was on the contrary.
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Meteorological-Scientific Research in the Public Interest(GYHY201106026,GYHY200906021,GYHY200706030)the Special Fund for Climate Changes of China Meteorological Administration(CCSF-09-13)~~
文摘Based on the 1961-2010 weather data from 65 meteorological stations in Heilongjiang Province, using the statistic software and GIS, the change characteristics of water budget, including the precipitation, reference evapotranspiration and water budget in the whole year and the temperature-defined growing season, were analyzed. The results indicated that the both the precipitation during the whole year and that of during the temperature-defined growing season from 1961 to 2010 all decreased, while the annual reference evapotranspiration decreased, but the reference evapotranspiration during the temperature-defined growing season presented an increasing trend. The water resources were generally characterized by water deficit, especially in the beginning of 21 st .
基金The research was supported by the Key Project of Heilongjiang Province (No.GC02B202).
文摘Seven species of family Cleridae are reported from Heilongjiang Province in the present paper, including one species, Orthrius striatulus （Motschlsky）, which is firstly recorded from China. Distributional data and adult photos for all the species and brief diagnosis for new record species are also provided.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 40672038） the Special Grant of 0il ＆ Gas Research （XQ-2004-07）.
文摘Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical data of volcanic rocks in the Suifenhe Formation in eastern Heilongjiang Province are reported, and their petrogenesis is discussed in this paper. The Suifenhe Formation mainly consists of basalt, andesite, and dacite. Zircon from andesite and dacite are euhedral in shape and show typical oscillatory zoning with high Th/U ratios （0.18-0.57）, implying its magmatic origin. Zircon U-Pb dating results by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer （LA-ICP-MS） indicate that the ^206Pb/^238U ages of zircons from andesite range within 105- 106 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 105.5±0.8 Ma （n=14）, and that ^206pb/^238U ages of zircons from dacite are between 90-96 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 93.2±1.3 Ma （n =13）. The volcanic rocks from the Snifenhe Formation are subalkaline series and show a calc-alkaline evolutionary trend with SiO2 content of 47.69%-65.47%, MgO contents of 1.42%-6.80% （Mg^#= 45-53）, and Na2O/K2O ratios of 1.83-3.63. They are characterized by enrichment in large ion lithophile elements （LILE） and lightrare-earth elements （LREE）, depletion in heavy rare earth elements （HREE） and high field strength elements （HFSE） （e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti）, and low initial ^87Sr/^86Sr ratios （0.7041-0.7057） and positive εNd（t） ValUes （0.39-4.08）, implying that they could be derived from a depleted magma source. Taken together, these results suggest that the primary magma of the volcanic rocks might originate from partial melting of the mantle wedge metasomatized by fluids derived from subducted slab under a tectonic setting of active continental margin.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesThe National Basic Research Program of China,No.2012CB955404+2 种基金International Cooperation Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No.2012DFG20710State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, No.2010-ZY-10 No.2011-KF-06
文摘This study is focused on indexes for the rice chilling injury in Heilongjiang Province during 1960-2009. Firstly, we compared a new derived climate data weighted by rice planting density with the traditional method, and found that the new one is more reasonable to assess the impact of climate change on crop yields. Considering the frequency and intensity of rice chilling in the province, secondly, chilling indexes defined by meteorological, national and international levels were assessed. The result showed that the meteorological standards were suitable for the delayed-type injury, while the international one, so-called sum of Grow- ing Degree Day below threshold （GDDn.）, characterized best the sterile-type chilling injury for rice. The explanation ability of the rice yield time series model including both injury types as two independent variables reached approximately 92% （p 〈 0.05）. Finally, we concluded that the contribution rates of human and weather factors to rice yields are about 87.2% and 12.8% respectively, and as light increasing trend for sterile-type chilling injury was found during heading to flowing period in recent years, indicating a high chilling risk for rice planting in Heilongjiang Province in the future global warming.
基金funded by Commonweal Trade Scientific Research from the Ministry of Land and Resources of the People's Republic of China
文摘Against the current background of global climate change, the study of variations in the soil carbon pool and its controlling factors may aid in the evaluation of soil＇s role in the mitigation or enhancement of greenhouse gas. This paper studies spatial and temporal variation in the soil carbon pool and their controlling factors in the southern Song-nen Plain in Heilongjiang Province, using soil data collected over two distinct periods by the Multi-purpose Regional Geochemical Survey in 2005-2007, and another soil survey conducted in 1982-1990. The study area is a carbon source of 1479 t/km2 and in the past 20 years, from the 1980s until 2005, the practical carbon emission from the soil was 0.12 Gt. Temperature, which has been found to be linearly correlated to soil organic carbon, is the domi- nant climatologic factor controlling soil organic carbon contents. Our study shows that in the relevant area and time period the potential loss of soil organic carbon caused by rising temperatures was 0.10 Gt, the potential soil carbon emission resulting from land-use change was 0.09 Gt, and the combined potential loss of soil carbon （0.19 Gt） caused by warming and land-use change is comparable to that of fossil fuel combustion （0.21 Gt）. Due to the time delay in soil carbon pool variation, there is still 0.07 Gt in the potential emission caused by warming and land-use change that will be gradually released in the future.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(Grant No.G2016001)
文摘Atmospheric particulate matter(PM2.5) seriously influences air quality. It is considered one of the main environmental triggers for lung and heart diseases. Air pollutants can be adsorbed by forest. In this study we investigated the effect of forest cover on urban PM2.5 concentrations in 12 cities in Heilongjiang Province,China. The forest cover in each city was constant throughout the study period. The average daily concentration of PM2.5 in 12 cities was below 75 lg/m^3 during the non-heating period but exceeded this level during heating period. Furthermore, there were more moderate pollution days in six cities. This indicated that forests had the ability to reduce the concentration of PM2.5 but the main cause of air pollution was excessive human interference and artificial heating in winter. We classified the 12 cities according to the average PM2.5 concentrations. The relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and forest cover was obtained by integrating forest cover, land area,heated areas and number of vehicles in cities. Finally,considering the complexity of PM2.5 formation and based on the theory of random forestry, we selected six cities and analyzed their meteorological and air pollutant data. The main factors affecting PM2.5 concentrations were PM10,NO_2, CO and SO_2 in air pollutants while meteorological factors were secondary.
基金supported by the NSFC(Nos.302213069830379500+2 种基金40842002)the Foundation of Jilin University(No.602257)The study was also partially financed by the Bureau of Land and Resources of Heilongjiang(2005-2006)
文摘Three taxa of Late Cretaceous aquatic angiosperms, Queruexia angulata （Lesq.） Krysht., Cobbania corrugata （Lesq.） Stockey et al. and Nelumbites cf. extenuinervis Upchurch et al. from Jiayin of Heilongjiang, NE China, are described in detail. Among them, Cobbania and Nelumbites from the Upper Cretaceous in China are reported for the first time. The aquatic angiosperm assemblage of Queruexia-Cobbania-Nelumbites appears to imply a seasonal, warm and moist environment in the Jiayin area during the Santonian-Campanian time.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30771249)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2012BAD20B04)
文摘Rice(Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple crops in China. Increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations and associated climate change may greatly affect rice production. We assessed the potential impacts of climate change on cold rice production in the Heilongjiang province, one of China's most important rice production regions. Data for a baseline period(1961–1990) and the period 2010–2050 in A2 and B2 scenarios were used as input to drive the rice model ORYZA2000 with and without accounting for the effects of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. The results indicate that mean,maximum, and minimum temperature during the rice growing season, in the future period considered, would increase by 1.8 °C under the A2 scenario and by 2.2 °C under the B2 scenario compared with those in the baseline. The rate of change in average maximum and minimum temperatures would increase by 0.6 °C per 10-year period under the A2 scenario and by 0.4 °C per 10-year period under the B2 scenario. Precipitation would increase slightly in the rice growing season over the next 40 years. The rice growing season would be shortened and the yield would increase in most areas in the Heilongjiang province. Without accounting for CO2 effect, the rice growing season in the period 2010–2050 would be shortened by 4.7 and 5.8 days,and rice yields would increase by 11.9% and 7.9%, under the A2 and B2 scenarios, respectively.Areas with simulated rice yield increases greater than 30.0% were in the Xiaoxing'an Mountain region. The simulation indicated a decrease in yield of less than 15% in the southwestern Songnen Plain. The rate of change in simulated rice yield was 5.0% and 2.5% per 10 years under the A2 and B2 scenarios, respectively. When CO2 effect was accounted for, rice yield increased by 44.5% and 31.3% under the A2 and B2 scenarios, respectively. The areas of increasing yield were sharply expanded. The area of decreasing yield in the western region of Songnen Plains disappeared when increasing CO2 concentration was considered. The stability of rice yield would increase from 2010 to 2050. Overall, the simulation indicates that rice production will be affected positively by climate change in the next 40 years in the Heilongjiang province, China.
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program (973 Program, grant No.2013CB429805)the National Key Research and Development Plan (grant No.2017YFC0601303)
文摘The Duobaoshan ore concentration area, located in Nenjiang County of Heilongjiang Province, is an important porphyry Cu-Mo ore concentration area in China, which is characterized by complex magmatic activities and multi-phase overprinting metallogenesis. On the basis of field geological observation, systematic sampling, in-lab analysis and the metallogenic regularity in the Xiang＇an- Mongolian metallogenic belt, this work carried out high-precision dating and geochemical analysis on the Yuejin, 173-kilometer and Wolihedingzi rock bodies. These rock bodies are renamed monzonitic granite and their consistent age （238 Ma） show that they were formed not in Variscan but in Indosinian. Therefore, it is inferred that the ore spots formed in the potassium silicate and sericite alteration zones of the rock mass also belong to Indosinian. In addition, we collected granodiorite from the Tongshan mining pit, and its zircon age is 223.1＋2.8 Ma and the Cu content of the sample is high. The Tongshan mineralization is inferred to undergo the superimposition of Indosinian diagenetic mineralization. The age of the granodiorite porphyry related to copper-molybdenum mineralization in the Xiaoduobaoshan area is 222.1~5.5 Ma, and the earlier age of granodiorite is 471.8^-7.4 Ma, indicating that the initial magmatic activities belong to the Duobaoshan porphyry system in the Caledonian period. The geochemical characteristics of the Indosinian rock samples show continental arc features, with reference to tectonic-magmatic activities of the whole Daxing＇anling area. We consider that the magmatic activities and mineralization of the Indosinian period are affected by the southward subduction of Okhotsk Ocean since Late Permian. By combining the mineralization rules of Daxinganling area and the structural systems of Duobaoshan ore concentration area, we divide two rock-mineralization belts in this area including the Yuejin-Duobaoshan-Tongshan belt and 173-kilometer-Xiaoduobaoshan-Wolihedingzi belt, which are distributed nearly parallel along the NW-trending fractures and show similar geotectonic settings and the timing of the magmatic activities. It is favorable for discovering porphyry Cu-Mo deposits in these two metallogenic belts, especially in the Yuejin, 173-kilometer and Wolihedingzi areas where less research work has been made.
基金financed by the National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB951502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41101537,40930101,41201184 and 71203157)
文摘For the scientific management of farmland, it is significant to understand the spatio-temporal variability of soil organic matter and to study the influences of related factors. Using geostatistical theory, GIS spatial analysis, trend analysis and a Geographically Weighted Regression （GWR） model, this study analyzed the response of soil organic matter to climate and socio-economic factors in central Heilongjiang Province during the past 25 years. Second soil survey data of China for 1979-1985, 2005 field sampling data, climate observations and socio-economic data for 1980-2005 were analyzed. First, soil organic matter in 2005 was spatially interpolated using the Co-Kriging method along with auxiliary data sets of soil type and pH. The spatio-temporal variability was then studied by comparison with the 1980s second soil census data. Next, the temporal trends in climate and socio-economic factors over the past 25 years were investigated. Finally, we examined the variation of the response of soil organic matter to climate and socio-economic factors using the GWR model spatially and temporally. The model showed that 53.82% area of the organic matter content remained constant and 29.39% has decreased during the past 25 years. The impact of precipitation on organic matter content is mainly negative, with increasing absolute values of the regression coefficient. The absolute value of regression coefficient of annual average temperature has decreased, and more areas are now under its negative effects. In addition, the areas of positive regression coefficient of annual sunshine hours have northward shifted, with the increasing absolute value of positive coefficient and decreasing absolute value of negative coefficient. The areas of positive regression coefficient of mechanized farming as a socio-economic factor have westward shifted, with the increasing absolute value of negative coefficient and decreasing absolute value of positive coefficient. The area of regions with the positive regression coefficient of irrigation has expanded. The regions with positive regression coefficient of fertilizer use have shrinked. The positive regression coefficient of mulch film consumption has significantly increased. The regression coefficient of pesticide consumption was mainly positive in the west of the study area, while it was negative to the east. Generally, GWR model is capable to investigate the influence of both climatic and socio-economic factors, avoided the insufficiency of other research based on the single perspective of climatic or socio-economic factors. Therefore, we can conclude that GWR model could provide methodological support for global change research and serve as basic reference for cultivated land quality improvement and agricultural decision making.
基金financially supported by Wild Plants Protection Management Program of State Forestry Administration and Start Research Grants of Postdoctoral Researcher in Heilongjiang
文摘The deciduous linden tree （Tilia amurensis Rupr.） is protected at National Level II in China as a species of ecological and economic importance. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the ectomycorrhizal communities associated with T. amurensis in natural versus urban forests of central Heilongjiang Province. The percentage of T. amurensis colonisation by ectomycorrhiza was more than 60 % in urban forests, compared to 34-49 % in natural forests. Use of a combi- nation of morphological and molecular methods docu- mented 18 ECM （ectomycorrhizal） types among three sites; 12-13 ECM species were identified in the natural sites versus 9 species in the urban site. Four ECM species （Boletus sp., Tuber sp., Inocybe sp.2, Leccinum sp.1） were the dominant mycorrhizal symbionts, and Cenococcum geophilum and Russula sp. were found only in the natural forests.
