One of the country’s largest telecom serviceproviders is forced to merge as the industry restructures During the Beijing Olympic Gameslast month, billions of spectatorsaround the world watched sportscompetitions and ...One of the country’s largest telecom serviceproviders is forced to merge as the industry restructures During the Beijing Olympic Gameslast month, billions of spectatorsaround the world watched sportscompetitions and matches on theirtelevisions and computers.展开更多
Nonuniform track support and differential settlements are commonly observed in bridge approaches where the ballast layer can develop gaps at crosstie-ballast interfaces often referred to as a hanging crosstie conditio...Nonuniform track support and differential settlements are commonly observed in bridge approaches where the ballast layer can develop gaps at crosstie-ballast interfaces often referred to as a hanging crosstie condition.Hanging crossties usually yield unfavorable dynamic effects such as higher wheel loads,which negatively impact the serviceability and safety of railway operations.Hence,a better understanding of the mechanisms that cause hanging crossties and their effects on the ballast layer load-deformation characteristics is necessary.Since the ballast layer is a particulate medium,the discrete element method(DEM),which simulates ballast particle interactions individually,is ideal to explore the interparticle contact forces and ballast movements under dynamic wheel loading.Accurate representations of the dynamic loads from the train and track superstructure are needed for high-fidelity DEM modeling.This paper introduces an integrated modeling approach,which couples a single-crosstie DEM ballast model with a train–track–bridge(TTB)model using a proportional–integral–derivative control loop.The TTB–DEM model was validated with field measurements,and the coupled model calculates similar crosstie displacements as the TTB model.The TTB–DEM provided new insights into the ballast particle-scale behavior,which the TTB model alone cannot explore.The TTB–DEM coupling approach identified detrimental effects of hanging crossties on adjacent crossties,which were found to experience drastic vibrations and large ballast contact force concentrations.展开更多
21.What we want is to see the child in pursuit of knowledge,and not knowledge in pur suit of the child.22.It is most unwise for people in love to marry.23.Behind every successful man,there is a woman and behind every ...21.What we want is to see the child in pursuit of knowledge,and not knowledge in pur suit of the child.22.It is most unwise for people in love to marry.23.Behind every successful man,there is a woman and behind every unsuccessful there are two.24.There is only one religion,though there are a hundred versions of it.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate the efficacy of the two-surgeon technique with the liver hanging maneuver （LHM） for hepatectomies in pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma. METHODS： Three pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma w...AIM： To evaluate the efficacy of the two-surgeon technique with the liver hanging maneuver （LHM） for hepatectomies in pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma. METHODS： Three pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma were enrolled in this study. Two underwent right hemi-hepatectomies and one underwent a left hemihepatectomy using the two-surgeon technique by means of saline-linked electric cautery （SLC） and the Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator （CUSA; Valleylab, Boulder, CO） and the LHM. RESULTS： The mean operative time during the parenchymal transections was 50 rain and the mean blood loss was 235 g. There was no bile leakage from the cut surface after surgery. No macroscopic or microscopic-positive margins were observed in the hepatic transections. CONCLUSION： The two-surgeon technique using SLC and CUSA with the LHM is applicable to even pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma.展开更多
A preliminary study of the PGA attenuation, hanging wall effect and velocity pulse characteristics from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake ofMS -8.0 is described in this paper. The study was carried out through analyses in ...A preliminary study of the PGA attenuation, hanging wall effect and velocity pulse characteristics from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake ofMS -8.0 is described in this paper. The study was carried out through analyses in the time and frequency domains of main earthquake records. In the PGA attenuation study, records from 316 stations less than 1000 km from the surface rupture of the fault were used as a database and attenuation relationships were developed and compared with some existing relationships that are widely used in China's Mainland, Chinese Taiwan and the US. At the same time, records from 28 stations less than 100 km from the fault were used to study the hanging wall effect and velocity pulse characteristics of this earthquake based on the distribution of PGA, PGV, spectral acceleration, and the velocity pulse peak, and the results are compared with the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake. In addition, the large PGAs of the UD components observed in this event are also discussed in this paper. From the results of the preliminary study, some conclusions are developed and suggestions for further research are proposed.展开更多
In re-entry, the drilling riser hanging to the holding vessel takes on a free hanging state, waiting to be moved from the initial random position to the wellhead. For the re-entry, dynamics calculation is often done t...In re-entry, the drilling riser hanging to the holding vessel takes on a free hanging state, waiting to be moved from the initial random position to the wellhead. For the re-entry, dynamics calculation is often done to predict the riser motion or evaluate the structural safety. A dynamics calculation method based on Flexible Segment Model （FSM） is proposed for free hanging marine risers. In FSM, a riser is discretized into a series of flexible segments. For each flexible segment, its deflection feature and external forces are analyzed independently. For the whole riser, the nonlinear governing equations are listed according to the moment equilibrium at nodes. For the solution of the nonlinear equations, a linearization iteration scheme is provided in the paper. Owing to its flexibility, each segment can match a long part of the riser body, which enables that good results can be obtained even with a small number of segments. Moreover, the linearization iteration scheme can avoid widely used Newton-Rapson iteration scheme in which the calculation stability is influenced by the initial points. The FSM-based dynamics calculation is timesaving and stable, so suitable for the shape prediction or real-time control of free hanging marine risers.展开更多
AIM： To review 11 patients with parasitic cysts of the liver, who were treated by hepatic Iobectomy using the liver hanging maneuver （LHM）.METHODS： Between January 2003 and June 2006, we retrospectively analyzed p...AIM： To review 11 patients with parasitic cysts of the liver, who were treated by hepatic Iobectomy using the liver hanging maneuver （LHM）.METHODS： Between January 2003 and June 2006, we retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent surgical treatment due to parasitic cysts of the liver, at the Ege University School of Medicine, Department of General Surgery. Of these, the patients who underwent hepatic lobectomy using the LHM were reviewed and evaluated for surgical treatment outcome.RESULTS： Over a three-year period, there were 102 patients who underwent surgical treatment for parasitic cysts of the liver. Of these, 11 （10%） patients with parasitic cysts of the liver underwent hepatic Iobectomy using the LHM. Presenting symptoms were abdominal pain, dyspepsia, and cholangitis. Cyst locations were as follows： right lobe filled with cyst, 7 （63%）; segmental location, 2 （18%）; and multiple locations, 2 patients （18%）. All patients underwent hepatic Iobectomy with an anterior approach using the LHM. The intraoperative blood transfusion requirement was one unit for 3 patients and two units for one patient. Postoperative complications included pulmonary atelectasy （2, 18%） and pleural effusion （2, 18%）. No significant morbidity or mortality was observed.CONCLUSION： We concluded that hepatic Iobectomy using the LHM should be considered, not only for hepatic tumors or donor hepatectomy, but also to treat parasitic cysts of the liver.展开更多
Hanging roofs or high hang-ups.a common problem in sublevel caving mining,usually result in a large ore loss and undermine mining safety.This paper analyzed the formation of a hanging roof and showed that increased co...Hanging roofs or high hang-ups.a common problem in sublevel caving mining,usually result in a large ore loss and undermine mining safety.This paper analyzed the formation of a hanging roof and showed that increased confining pressure and reduced free surface were its main characteristics.In order to break down a hanging roof,a new method based on shock wave collision and stress superposition was developed.In this method,two blastholes containing multi-primer at different positions are simultaneously initiated at first.By doing this,a new free surface and a swell room can be created.After these holes are fired,a long delay time is given to the next blasthole so that the fragments from the first twohole blasting have enough time to fall down.This new method was applied to three hanging roofs in one production area,and all of them were successfully broken down.Field inspection indicated that almost no damage was caused in the nearby drifts/tunnels due to the new method.In addition,the far field vibrations were found to be smaller than the maximum vibrations induced by some other blasts.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death and is one of the most aggressive human tumors. At present, surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment....BACKGROUND: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death and is one of the most aggressive human tumors. At present, surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment. Early neck division is inadequate when invasion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is suspected or in cases of replaced or accessory right hepatic artery. Malignant periampullary tumors often invade retroperitoneal peripancreatic tissues and a positive resection margin is associated with a poor long-term survival. DATA SOURCES: English-language medical databases, PubMed, ELSEVIER and SPRINGERLINK, were searched for articles on 'posterior approach pancreaticoduodenectomy', 'superior mesenteric artery first approach', 'retroperitoneal tissue', 'hanging maneuver', and related topics. RESULTS: The modification allowed the surgeon to early identify the nonresectability of a replaced right hepatic artery if present, enabling complete dissection of the right side of the SMA and portal vein as well as complete excision of the retroportal pancreatic lamina. CONCLUSION: Pancreaticoduodenectomy with early retropancreatic dissection is a useful and safe technical variant, which is indicated for the improvement of the safety and curative effect of the procedure. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2010; 9: 579-583)展开更多
BACKGROUND Hanging is one of the most commonly used methods for suicide in both sexes worldwide.In a number of countries,hanging mortality has increased over the last decades.Nevertheless,there is a scarcity of studie...BACKGROUND Hanging is one of the most commonly used methods for suicide in both sexes worldwide.In a number of countries,hanging mortality has increased over the last decades.Nevertheless,there is a scarcity of studies that have explored the patterns and trends for mortality of suicide by hanging on global,regional and national levels,as most evaluations are limited to certain populations.AIM To assess the trends of suicide mortality by hanging,strangulation,and suffocation in Serbia,from 1991 to 2020.METHODS This nationwide study,with epidemiological descriptive study design,was carried out based on official data.The age-standardized rates(ASRs,expressed per 100000 persons)were calculated by direct standardization,using the World Standard Population.Mortality trends from suicide by hanging were assessed using the joinpoint regression analysis:The average annual percent change(AAPC)with the corresponding 95%confidence interval(95%CI)was calculated.Age-period-cohort analysis was performed to address the possible underlying reasons for the observed suicide trends.RESULTS Over the 30-year period studied,there were 24340 deaths by hanging(17750 males and 6590 females)in Serbia.In 2020,the ASR of deaths by hanging was 4.5 per 100000 persons in both sexes together(7.6 in males vs 1.7 in females).The trends of suicide mortality by hanging decreased significantly between 1991 and 2020 in both males(AAPC=-1.7%per year;95%CI:-2.0 to-1.4)and females(AAPC=-3.5%per year;95%CI:-3.9 to-3.1).Mortality rates of suicide by hanging had a continuously decreasing tendency in both sexes together in all age groups:The only exception was among males in 40-49 age group,with an increasing trend of suicide by hanging from 1991 to 2011(by+0.3%per year).CONCLUSION The trends in suicide mortality by hanging have been decreasing in Serbia in the last three decades in both sexes,but this was more pronounced in women than in men.Despite the decreasing trends observed in mortality of suicide by hanging,further research is needed for better clarification of trends and help in suicide prevention in the future.展开更多
Mining under wide span is of concern as it increases the probability of back caving causing personnel injury and equipment damage in underground mines in open stoping and underhand drift-and-fill methods.Though restri...Mining under wide span is of concern as it increases the probability of back caving causing personnel injury and equipment damage in underground mines in open stoping and underhand drift-and-fill methods.Though restricting personnel access to well supported lateral development is commonly practiced,it is not always possible to implement this requirement due to various factors such as ore loss control,drilling equipment limitations,availability of remote operating capacity and consideration of productivity.Even with rules implemented to limit personnel entry into openings with wide spans,the hazards of equipment damage and back caving still exist.Over the years,different practices have been reported and adopted to minimize risks associated with exposure to large spans in various underground mines.Lessons from these practices are beneficial to current and future mines with challenges of safe extraction of thick deposits in a non-caving setting.This paper briefly summarizes practices in mining wide orebodies using the open stoping method without personnel access and underhand mining using the drift-andfill method with personnel exposure in the industry and presents cases from Kinross mines where the hanging pillar design was tested,and stope backs were naturally and artificially supported for extraction under wide spans using the open stoping method.展开更多
Objective： The liver hanging maneuver （LHM） is rarely applied in laparoscopic right hepatectomy （LRH） because of the difficulty encountered in retrohepatic tunnel （RT） dissection and tape positioning. Thus far ...Objective： The liver hanging maneuver （LHM） is rarely applied in laparoscopic right hepatectomy （LRH） because of the difficulty encountered in retrohepatic tunnel （RT） dissection and tape positioning. Thus far no report has detailed how to quickly and easily establish RT for laparoscopic LHM in LRH, nor has employment of the Goldfinger dissector to create a total RT been reported. This study＇s aim was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of establishing RT for laparoscopic LHM using the Goldfinger dissector in LRH. Methods： Between March 2015 and July 2015, five consecutive patients underwent LRH via the caudal approach with laparoscopic LHM. A five-step strategy using the Goldfinger dissector to establish RT for laparoscopic LHM was adopted. Perioperative data were analyzed. Results： The median age of patients was 58 （range, 51-65） years. Surgery was performed for one intrahepatic lithiasis and four hepatocellular carcinomas with a median size of 90 （40-150） mm. The median operative time was 320 （282-358） min with a median blood loss of 200 （200-600） ml. Laparoscopic LHM was achieved in a median of 31 （21-62） min, and the median postoperative hospital stay was 14 （9-16） d. No transfusion or conversion was required, and no severe liver-related morbidity or death was observed. Conclusions： The Goldfinger dissector is a useful instrument for the establishment of RT. A five-step strategy using the Goldfinger dissector can quickly and easily facilitate an RT for a laparoscopic LHM in LRH.展开更多
文摘One of the country’s largest telecom serviceproviders is forced to merge as the industry restructures During the Beijing Olympic Gameslast month, billions of spectatorsaround the world watched sportscompetitions and matches on theirtelevisions and computers.
基金a U.S. Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)BAA project,titled “Mitigation of Differential Movement at Railway Transitions for High-Speed Passenger Rail and Joint Passenger/Freight Corridors”the financial support provided by the China Scholarship Council (CSC),which funded Zhongyi Liu’s and Wenjing Li’s time and research efforts for this study
文摘Nonuniform track support and differential settlements are commonly observed in bridge approaches where the ballast layer can develop gaps at crosstie-ballast interfaces often referred to as a hanging crosstie condition.Hanging crossties usually yield unfavorable dynamic effects such as higher wheel loads,which negatively impact the serviceability and safety of railway operations.Hence,a better understanding of the mechanisms that cause hanging crossties and their effects on the ballast layer load-deformation characteristics is necessary.Since the ballast layer is a particulate medium,the discrete element method(DEM),which simulates ballast particle interactions individually,is ideal to explore the interparticle contact forces and ballast movements under dynamic wheel loading.Accurate representations of the dynamic loads from the train and track superstructure are needed for high-fidelity DEM modeling.This paper introduces an integrated modeling approach,which couples a single-crosstie DEM ballast model with a train–track–bridge(TTB)model using a proportional–integral–derivative control loop.The TTB–DEM model was validated with field measurements,and the coupled model calculates similar crosstie displacements as the TTB model.The TTB–DEM provided new insights into the ballast particle-scale behavior,which the TTB model alone cannot explore.The TTB–DEM coupling approach identified detrimental effects of hanging crossties on adjacent crossties,which were found to experience drastic vibrations and large ballast contact force concentrations.
文摘21.What we want is to see the child in pursuit of knowledge,and not knowledge in pur suit of the child.22.It is most unwise for people in love to marry.23.Behind every successful man,there is a woman and behind every unsuccessful there are two.24.There is only one religion,though there are a hundred versions of it.
文摘AIM： To evaluate the efficacy of the two-surgeon technique with the liver hanging maneuver （LHM） for hepatectomies in pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma. METHODS： Three pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma were enrolled in this study. Two underwent right hemi-hepatectomies and one underwent a left hemihepatectomy using the two-surgeon technique by means of saline-linked electric cautery （SLC） and the Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator （CUSA; Valleylab, Boulder, CO） and the LHM. RESULTS： The mean operative time during the parenchymal transections was 50 rain and the mean blood loss was 235 g. There was no bile leakage from the cut surface after surgery. No macroscopic or microscopic-positive margins were observed in the hepatic transections. CONCLUSION： The two-surgeon technique using SLC and CUSA with the LHM is applicable to even pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant No. 90715038 National Basic Research Program of China Under Grant No. 2007CB71420)the Basic Science & Research Foundation of Institute of Engineering Mechanics, CEA Under Grant No. 2006A02
文摘A preliminary study of the PGA attenuation, hanging wall effect and velocity pulse characteristics from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake ofMS -8.0 is described in this paper. The study was carried out through analyses in the time and frequency domains of main earthquake records. In the PGA attenuation study, records from 316 stations less than 1000 km from the surface rupture of the fault were used as a database and attenuation relationships were developed and compared with some existing relationships that are widely used in China's Mainland, Chinese Taiwan and the US. At the same time, records from 28 stations less than 100 km from the fault were used to study the hanging wall effect and velocity pulse characteristics of this earthquake based on the distribution of PGA, PGV, spectral acceleration, and the velocity pulse peak, and the results are compared with the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake. In addition, the large PGAs of the UD components observed in this event are also discussed in this paper. From the results of the preliminary study, some conclusions are developed and suggestions for further research are proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51009092)the Doctoral Foundation of Education Ministry of China (Grant No. 20090073120013)the Scientific Research Foundation of State Education Ministry for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars
文摘In re-entry, the drilling riser hanging to the holding vessel takes on a free hanging state, waiting to be moved from the initial random position to the wellhead. For the re-entry, dynamics calculation is often done to predict the riser motion or evaluate the structural safety. A dynamics calculation method based on Flexible Segment Model （FSM） is proposed for free hanging marine risers. In FSM, a riser is discretized into a series of flexible segments. For each flexible segment, its deflection feature and external forces are analyzed independently. For the whole riser, the nonlinear governing equations are listed according to the moment equilibrium at nodes. For the solution of the nonlinear equations, a linearization iteration scheme is provided in the paper. Owing to its flexibility, each segment can match a long part of the riser body, which enables that good results can be obtained even with a small number of segments. Moreover, the linearization iteration scheme can avoid widely used Newton-Rapson iteration scheme in which the calculation stability is influenced by the initial points. The FSM-based dynamics calculation is timesaving and stable, so suitable for the shape prediction or real-time control of free hanging marine risers.
文摘AIM： To review 11 patients with parasitic cysts of the liver, who were treated by hepatic Iobectomy using the liver hanging maneuver （LHM）.METHODS： Between January 2003 and June 2006, we retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent surgical treatment due to parasitic cysts of the liver, at the Ege University School of Medicine, Department of General Surgery. Of these, the patients who underwent hepatic lobectomy using the LHM were reviewed and evaluated for surgical treatment outcome.RESULTS： Over a three-year period, there were 102 patients who underwent surgical treatment for parasitic cysts of the liver. Of these, 11 （10%） patients with parasitic cysts of the liver underwent hepatic Iobectomy using the LHM. Presenting symptoms were abdominal pain, dyspepsia, and cholangitis. Cyst locations were as follows： right lobe filled with cyst, 7 （63%）; segmental location, 2 （18%）; and multiple locations, 2 patients （18%）. All patients underwent hepatic Iobectomy with an anterior approach using the LHM. The intraoperative blood transfusion requirement was one unit for 3 patients and two units for one patient. Postoperative complications included pulmonary atelectasy （2, 18%） and pleural effusion （2, 18%）. No significant morbidity or mortality was observed.CONCLUSION： We concluded that hepatic Iobectomy using the LHM should be considered, not only for hepatic tumors or donor hepatectomy, but also to treat parasitic cysts of the liver.
文摘Hanging roofs or high hang-ups.a common problem in sublevel caving mining,usually result in a large ore loss and undermine mining safety.This paper analyzed the formation of a hanging roof and showed that increased confining pressure and reduced free surface were its main characteristics.In order to break down a hanging roof,a new method based on shock wave collision and stress superposition was developed.In this method,two blastholes containing multi-primer at different positions are simultaneously initiated at first.By doing this,a new free surface and a swell room can be created.After these holes are fired,a long delay time is given to the next blasthole so that the fragments from the first twohole blasting have enough time to fall down.This new method was applied to three hanging roofs in one production area,and all of them were successfully broken down.Field inspection indicated that almost no damage was caused in the nearby drifts/tunnels due to the new method.In addition,the far field vibrations were found to be smaller than the maximum vibrations induced by some other blasts.
文摘BACKGROUND: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death and is one of the most aggressive human tumors. At present, surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment. Early neck division is inadequate when invasion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is suspected or in cases of replaced or accessory right hepatic artery. Malignant periampullary tumors often invade retroperitoneal peripancreatic tissues and a positive resection margin is associated with a poor long-term survival. DATA SOURCES: English-language medical databases, PubMed, ELSEVIER and SPRINGERLINK, were searched for articles on 'posterior approach pancreaticoduodenectomy', 'superior mesenteric artery first approach', 'retroperitoneal tissue', 'hanging maneuver', and related topics. RESULTS: The modification allowed the surgeon to early identify the nonresectability of a replaced right hepatic artery if present, enabling complete dissection of the right side of the SMA and portal vein as well as complete excision of the retroportal pancreatic lamina. CONCLUSION: Pancreaticoduodenectomy with early retropancreatic dissection is a useful and safe technical variant, which is indicated for the improvement of the safety and curative effect of the procedure. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2010; 9: 579-583)
基金Supported by Ministry of Education,Science and Technological Development,Republic of Serbia, 2011–2020, No. 175042
文摘BACKGROUND Hanging is one of the most commonly used methods for suicide in both sexes worldwide.In a number of countries,hanging mortality has increased over the last decades.Nevertheless,there is a scarcity of studies that have explored the patterns and trends for mortality of suicide by hanging on global,regional and national levels,as most evaluations are limited to certain populations.AIM To assess the trends of suicide mortality by hanging,strangulation,and suffocation in Serbia,from 1991 to 2020.METHODS This nationwide study,with epidemiological descriptive study design,was carried out based on official data.The age-standardized rates(ASRs,expressed per 100000 persons)were calculated by direct standardization,using the World Standard Population.Mortality trends from suicide by hanging were assessed using the joinpoint regression analysis:The average annual percent change(AAPC)with the corresponding 95%confidence interval(95%CI)was calculated.Age-period-cohort analysis was performed to address the possible underlying reasons for the observed suicide trends.RESULTS Over the 30-year period studied,there were 24340 deaths by hanging(17750 males and 6590 females)in Serbia.In 2020,the ASR of deaths by hanging was 4.5 per 100000 persons in both sexes together(7.6 in males vs 1.7 in females).The trends of suicide mortality by hanging decreased significantly between 1991 and 2020 in both males(AAPC=-1.7%per year;95%CI:-2.0 to-1.4)and females(AAPC=-3.5%per year;95%CI:-3.9 to-3.1).Mortality rates of suicide by hanging had a continuously decreasing tendency in both sexes together in all age groups:The only exception was among males in 40-49 age group,with an increasing trend of suicide by hanging from 1991 to 2011(by+0.3%per year).CONCLUSION The trends in suicide mortality by hanging have been decreasing in Serbia in the last three decades in both sexes,but this was more pronounced in women than in men.Despite the decreasing trends observed in mortality of suicide by hanging,further research is needed for better clarification of trends and help in suicide prevention in the future.
文摘Mining under wide span is of concern as it increases the probability of back caving causing personnel injury and equipment damage in underground mines in open stoping and underhand drift-and-fill methods.Though restricting personnel access to well supported lateral development is commonly practiced,it is not always possible to implement this requirement due to various factors such as ore loss control,drilling equipment limitations,availability of remote operating capacity and consideration of productivity.Even with rules implemented to limit personnel entry into openings with wide spans,the hazards of equipment damage and back caving still exist.Over the years,different practices have been reported and adopted to minimize risks associated with exposure to large spans in various underground mines.Lessons from these practices are beneficial to current and future mines with challenges of safe extraction of thick deposits in a non-caving setting.This paper briefly summarizes practices in mining wide orebodies using the open stoping method without personnel access and underhand mining using the drift-andfill method with personnel exposure in the industry and presents cases from Kinross mines where the hanging pillar design was tested,and stope backs were naturally and artificially supported for extraction under wide spans using the open stoping method.
基金Project supported by the General Research Project of Medicine and Science of Zhejiang Province(Nos.2014KYB119 and 2015KYB221),China
文摘Objective： The liver hanging maneuver （LHM） is rarely applied in laparoscopic right hepatectomy （LRH） because of the difficulty encountered in retrohepatic tunnel （RT） dissection and tape positioning. Thus far no report has detailed how to quickly and easily establish RT for laparoscopic LHM in LRH, nor has employment of the Goldfinger dissector to create a total RT been reported. This study＇s aim was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of establishing RT for laparoscopic LHM using the Goldfinger dissector in LRH. Methods： Between March 2015 and July 2015, five consecutive patients underwent LRH via the caudal approach with laparoscopic LHM. A five-step strategy using the Goldfinger dissector to establish RT for laparoscopic LHM was adopted. Perioperative data were analyzed. Results： The median age of patients was 58 （range, 51-65） years. Surgery was performed for one intrahepatic lithiasis and four hepatocellular carcinomas with a median size of 90 （40-150） mm. The median operative time was 320 （282-358） min with a median blood loss of 200 （200-600） ml. Laparoscopic LHM was achieved in a median of 31 （21-62） min, and the median postoperative hospital stay was 14 （9-16） d. No transfusion or conversion was required, and no severe liver-related morbidity or death was observed. Conclusions： The Goldfinger dissector is a useful instrument for the establishment of RT. A five-step strategy using the Goldfinger dissector can quickly and easily facilitate an RT for a laparoscopic LHM in LRH.
