Metaluminous (P.I. > 1) rhyolite from Hadjer el Hamis consisted of quartz, alkali feldspar, clinopyroxene (hedenbergite), amphibole (F-arfvedsonite) and oxides-hydroxides (ilmenite, magnetite, limonite) phenocrysts...Metaluminous (P.I. > 1) rhyolite from Hadjer el Hamis consisted of quartz, alkali feldspar, clinopyroxene (hedenbergite), amphibole (F-arfvedsonite) and oxides-hydroxides (ilmenite, magnetite, limonite) phenocrysts is characterized by the negative Eu, Ba, P, Sr and Ti anomalies. This metaluminous rhyolite and the early discovered peralkaline rhyolites in Hadjer el Hamis volcanoes derive likely from the same source, according to their coexistence on the same sector and their similar Zr/Nb ratios. The causes of magma heterogeneity are likely linked to varying amounts of extraction of an earlier melt phase or tectonic juxtaposition or a sudden increasing of fO2 in silicic magmas, triggered from a hydrothermal process, associated with F- and alkali-bearing fluids influx, which promoted the enrichment of Na in the hedenbergite rims and the crystallization of arfvedsonite.展开更多
The Turpan−Hami Basin in Xinjiang is a resource−scarce area where glaciers are important water resources.Based on the data of the Chinese Glacier Inventory of Xinjiang in 2020(CGI-XJ2020),this study analyzed andexplai...The Turpan−Hami Basin in Xinjiang is a resource−scarce area where glaciers are important water resources.Based on the data of the Chinese Glacier Inventory of Xinjiang in 2020(CGI-XJ2020),this study analyzed andexplained the distribution characteristics of glaciers in the Turpan−Hami Basin in 2020.Additionally,by inte-grating the updated First and Second Chinese Glacier Inventories,the study examined changes within the basinfrom 1962 to 2020.It also assessed the specific impact of glacier changes in the Hami region on the runoff of fourtypical basins.The results indicated that in 2020,the Turpan−Hami Basin contained 354 glaciers,covering anarea of 155.82 km^(2)and an estimated ice volume of 5.81 km3.Small glaciers(<0.5 km^(2))were the most numerous,accounting for 78%of the total,while glaciers ranging from 2.0 to 5.0 km^(2)were the largest area,covering39.37 km^(2),which represents 25.3%of the total glacier area.From 1962 to 2020,the glacier area decreased by85.06 km^(2)(35.3%).Between 1962 and 2009,the area decreased by 72.53 km^(2)(30.11%),with an average annualretreat of 1.54 km^(2)/a(0.64%/a).From 2009 to 2020,the area decreased by 12.53 km^(2)(7.44%),and the averageannual retreat slowed to 1.14 km^(2)/a(0.68%/a).These results suggested that while the total glacier area con-tinues to decline,the rate of decrease in absolute terms has slowed,whereas the relative rate of change hasincreased,indicating an accelerating trend in glacier melt.Climate-driven glacier changes have significantly impacted river hydrology and water resources in Hami.In basins without glaciers,runoff has shown a decreasingtrend,suggesting that the positive effect of increased precipitation on runoff may not be sufficient to offset thenegative impact of rising temperatures.In basins with smaller glaciers,the'peak water'for glacier runoff likelyoccurred in the 1980s and 1990s,and water resources are expected to continue deteriorating.In contrast,basinswith larger glaciers have not yet reached a'peak water'and high flow is projected to persist for decades.展开更多
Coal-measure source rocks may play an important role in hydrocarbon generation in petroliferous basins where coal seams are well developed. Hydrocarbon generation characteristics and potential of coalmeasure source ro...Coal-measure source rocks may play an important role in hydrocarbon generation in petroliferous basins where coal seams are well developed. Hydrocarbon generation characteristics and potential of coalmeasure source rocks have been well documented for continental petroliferous basins, while the understanding of coal-measure source rocks in offshore basins is yet to be delved into. Significant oil exploration breakthroughs have been made in the well-developed coal measures of Turpan-Hami Basin(THB), a typical continental petroliferous basin in northwestern China. In this study, a comparative analysis is conducted on the Paleogene coal seams in the Zhu Ⅰ Depression(ZID), located in the northern part of the South China Sea, and the Jurassic coal seams in the THB in terms of genetic conditions, mineral composition, and hydrocarbon generation potential. The geological understandings are obtained as follows. Both the coal-forming periods during the deposition of the ZID and THB were of a warm and wet climate type. The Paleogene coal-forming environments during the deposition of the ZID mainly include peat swamp in the upper plain and interdistributary bays in the lower plain of the braided river delta,along with littoral shallow lakes. As a whole, the coal seams are characterized by multiple layers, thin single layer thickness and poor stability, while those in the upper plain peat swamp of the braided river delta have relatively larger single layer thickness but relatively fewer number of layers. The Jurassic coalforming environments in the THB include peat swamp in the upper delta plain, lower delta plain, and inter-delta bay. The coal seams formed in the lower delta plain are the most stable, while those in the inter-delta bay are the thickest. The ZID coal has a higher vitrinite content(averaging 76.11 %) and liptinite content(averaging 10.77 %) compared to its THB counterpart, which has an average vitrinite content of 68.28 % and average liptinite content of 7.61 %. The kerogen of the ZID coal is mainly of type Ⅱ1,while that of the THB coal mainly of type Ⅱ2, followed by type Ⅲ. Both the ZID and THB coals have entered the oil-generation window, as indicated by their maximum vitrinite reflectance values(R_(o, max,%)), reflecting good oil generation capacity. However, the hydrocarbon generation potential of the ZID coal is higher than that of the THB.展开更多
关于n个正数的k次Hamy平均σ_n(a,k)=1/C_n^k sum from 1≤i1<…<ik≤n(multiply from j=1 to k a_(ij))^(1/k),利用最值压缩定理,证明了与Hamy平均、算术平均和几何平均有关的一个双向不等式(A_n(a^(1/k)))^(kp)·(G_n(a^(1/...关于n个正数的k次Hamy平均σ_n(a,k)=1/C_n^k sum from 1≤i1<…<ik≤n(multiply from j=1 to k a_(ij))^(1/k),利用最值压缩定理,证明了与Hamy平均、算术平均和几何平均有关的一个双向不等式(A_n(a^(1/k)))^(kp)·(G_n(a^(1/k)))^(k(1-p))≤σ_n(a,k)≤qA_n(a)+(1-q)G_n(a),其中q=n-k/n-1和p=n-k/kn-k为最佳,从而得到一个较理想的优化不等式.展开更多
This article studies the optimal proportional reinsurance and investment problem under a constant elasticity of variance （CEV） model. Assume that the insurer＇s surplus process follows a jump-diffusion process, the ...This article studies the optimal proportional reinsurance and investment problem under a constant elasticity of variance （CEV） model. Assume that the insurer＇s surplus process follows a jump-diffusion process, the insurer can purchase proportional reinsurance from the reinsurer via the variance principle and invest in a risk-free asset and a risky asset whose price is modeled by a CEV model. The diffusion term can explain the uncertainty associated with the surplus of the insurer or the additional small claims. The objective of the insurer is to maximize the expected exponential utility of terminal wealth. This optimization problem is studied in two cases depending on the diffusion term＇s explanation. In all cases, by using techniques of stochastic control theory, closed-form expressions for the value functions and optimal strategies are obtained.展开更多
Pythagorean fuzzy set(PFS) can provide more flexibility than intuitionistic fuzzy set(IFS) for handling uncertain information, and PFS has been increasingly used in multi-attribute decision making problems. This paper...Pythagorean fuzzy set(PFS) can provide more flexibility than intuitionistic fuzzy set(IFS) for handling uncertain information, and PFS has been increasingly used in multi-attribute decision making problems. This paper proposes a new multiattribute group decision making method based on Pythagorean uncertain linguistic variable Hamy mean(PULVHM) operator and VIKOR method. Firstly, we define operation rules and a new aggregation operator of Pythagorean uncertain linguistic variable(PULV) and explore some properties of the operator.Secondly, taking the decision makers' hesitation degree into account, a new score function is defined, and we further develop a new group decision making approach integrated with VIKOR method. Finally, an investment example is demonstrated to elaborate the validity of the proposed method. Sensibility analysis and comprehensive comparisons with another two methods are performed to show the stability and advantage of our method.展开更多
Climate warming has made the planting area of Hami melon expand northward to Barry Bakai Town,Altay City,near 47° N. Climate events often induce the occurrence of pests and diseases in crops,affecting the steady ...Climate warming has made the planting area of Hami melon expand northward to Barry Bakai Town,Altay City,near 47° N. Climate events often induce the occurrence of pests and diseases in crops,affecting the steady production of Hami melon. In 2013,pests and diseases occurred seriously,resulting in low yield and poor quality of Hami melon. Based on the production survey data of Hami melon in recent20 years,the interaction of various meteorological factors in different time and different intervals of various factors was analyzed in this paper to explore the characteristics of the meteorological factors that cause diseases and influence the quality of Hami melon.展开更多
This paper studies the influence of three different pretreatments( blanching,citric acid soaking,and Na Cl soaking) on the moisture content,degree of puffing,color,hardness and crispness of Hami melon under explosion ...This paper studies the influence of three different pretreatments( blanching,citric acid soaking,and Na Cl soaking) on the moisture content,degree of puffing,color,hardness and crispness of Hami melon under explosion puffing drying at modified temperature and pressure in Xinjiang. The results show that using 60 s blanching pretreatment can help to reduce the moisture content of puffed product while maintaining product color; 2. 5% citric acid pretreatment can make products maintain high degree of puffing and crispness,but reduce product color; 2%Na Cl penetrating fluid plays a significant role in maintaining product color,while maintaining crispness.展开更多
The Xinjiang Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development Bureau have conducted a detailed investigation project of the Xigobi soda-niter deposit in Hami, Xinjiang Province, which was completed at the end...The Xinjiang Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development Bureau have conducted a detailed investigation project of the Xigobi soda-niter deposit in Hami, Xinjiang Province, which was completed at the end of 2011. The project put much emphasis on research of soda-niter mineralization rules, stratum classification, ore-forming展开更多
According to the data from the national standard classification and investigation of tourism resources(GB/T 18972-2003) in Hami region,the abundance,quality and dimensional distribution of the tourism resources in Ham...According to the data from the national standard classification and investigation of tourism resources(GB/T 18972-2003) in Hami region,the abundance,quality and dimensional distribution of the tourism resources in Hami region were evaluated based on GIS mapping technology.The evaluation results on the tourism resources in Hami region are described as follows:there are rich tourism resources categories;the quality of tourism resources is ordinary;the resources distribute equably;the number of the historical resources is much more than the natural resources,but the 1atter still has great potential for developing.All the results of the evaluation can provide important references for strategic decision making of Hami region.展开更多
文摘Metaluminous (P.I. > 1) rhyolite from Hadjer el Hamis consisted of quartz, alkali feldspar, clinopyroxene (hedenbergite), amphibole (F-arfvedsonite) and oxides-hydroxides (ilmenite, magnetite, limonite) phenocrysts is characterized by the negative Eu, Ba, P, Sr and Ti anomalies. This metaluminous rhyolite and the early discovered peralkaline rhyolites in Hadjer el Hamis volcanoes derive likely from the same source, according to their coexistence on the same sector and their similar Zr/Nb ratios. The causes of magma heterogeneity are likely linked to varying amounts of extraction of an earlier melt phase or tectonic juxtaposition or a sudden increasing of fO2 in silicic magmas, triggered from a hydrothermal process, associated with F- and alkali-bearing fluids influx, which promoted the enrichment of Na in the hedenbergite rims and the crystallization of arfvedsonite.
基金supported by the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(Grant No.2022xjkk0101)Second Qinghai-Tibet Scientific Expedition Program(Grant No.2019QZKK0201)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42301166)National Science Foundation of Gansu Province(Grant No.23JRRA658)Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Utilization in Arid Zone(XJYS0907-2024-yb-11)
文摘The Turpan−Hami Basin in Xinjiang is a resource−scarce area where glaciers are important water resources.Based on the data of the Chinese Glacier Inventory of Xinjiang in 2020(CGI-XJ2020),this study analyzed andexplained the distribution characteristics of glaciers in the Turpan−Hami Basin in 2020.Additionally,by inte-grating the updated First and Second Chinese Glacier Inventories,the study examined changes within the basinfrom 1962 to 2020.It also assessed the specific impact of glacier changes in the Hami region on the runoff of fourtypical basins.The results indicated that in 2020,the Turpan−Hami Basin contained 354 glaciers,covering anarea of 155.82 km^(2)and an estimated ice volume of 5.81 km3.Small glaciers(<0.5 km^(2))were the most numerous,accounting for 78%of the total,while glaciers ranging from 2.0 to 5.0 km^(2)were the largest area,covering39.37 km^(2),which represents 25.3%of the total glacier area.From 1962 to 2020,the glacier area decreased by85.06 km^(2)(35.3%).Between 1962 and 2009,the area decreased by 72.53 km^(2)(30.11%),with an average annualretreat of 1.54 km^(2)/a(0.64%/a).From 2009 to 2020,the area decreased by 12.53 km^(2)(7.44%),and the averageannual retreat slowed to 1.14 km^(2)/a(0.68%/a).These results suggested that while the total glacier area con-tinues to decline,the rate of decrease in absolute terms has slowed,whereas the relative rate of change hasincreased,indicating an accelerating trend in glacier melt.Climate-driven glacier changes have significantly impacted river hydrology and water resources in Hami.In basins without glaciers,runoff has shown a decreasingtrend,suggesting that the positive effect of increased precipitation on runoff may not be sufficient to offset thenegative impact of rising temperatures.In basins with smaller glaciers,the'peak water'for glacier runoff likelyoccurred in the 1980s and 1990s,and water resources are expected to continue deteriorating.In contrast,basinswith larger glaciers have not yet reached a'peak water'and high flow is projected to persist for decades.
基金funded by General Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42372132,No.42072188)Scientific Research Project of CNOOC Research Institute(No.CCL2021RCPS172KQN,No.2021-KT-YXKY-01)Hebei Province Resources Survey Research Laboratory Open Fund.
文摘Coal-measure source rocks may play an important role in hydrocarbon generation in petroliferous basins where coal seams are well developed. Hydrocarbon generation characteristics and potential of coalmeasure source rocks have been well documented for continental petroliferous basins, while the understanding of coal-measure source rocks in offshore basins is yet to be delved into. Significant oil exploration breakthroughs have been made in the well-developed coal measures of Turpan-Hami Basin(THB), a typical continental petroliferous basin in northwestern China. In this study, a comparative analysis is conducted on the Paleogene coal seams in the Zhu Ⅰ Depression(ZID), located in the northern part of the South China Sea, and the Jurassic coal seams in the THB in terms of genetic conditions, mineral composition, and hydrocarbon generation potential. The geological understandings are obtained as follows. Both the coal-forming periods during the deposition of the ZID and THB were of a warm and wet climate type. The Paleogene coal-forming environments during the deposition of the ZID mainly include peat swamp in the upper plain and interdistributary bays in the lower plain of the braided river delta,along with littoral shallow lakes. As a whole, the coal seams are characterized by multiple layers, thin single layer thickness and poor stability, while those in the upper plain peat swamp of the braided river delta have relatively larger single layer thickness but relatively fewer number of layers. The Jurassic coalforming environments in the THB include peat swamp in the upper delta plain, lower delta plain, and inter-delta bay. The coal seams formed in the lower delta plain are the most stable, while those in the inter-delta bay are the thickest. The ZID coal has a higher vitrinite content(averaging 76.11 %) and liptinite content(averaging 10.77 %) compared to its THB counterpart, which has an average vitrinite content of 68.28 % and average liptinite content of 7.61 %. The kerogen of the ZID coal is mainly of type Ⅱ1,while that of the THB coal mainly of type Ⅱ2, followed by type Ⅲ. Both the ZID and THB coals have entered the oil-generation window, as indicated by their maximum vitrinite reflectance values(R_(o, max,%)), reflecting good oil generation capacity. However, the hydrocarbon generation potential of the ZID coal is higher than that of the THB.
文摘关于n个正数的k次Hamy平均σ_n(a,k)=1/C_n^k sum from 1≤i1<…<ik≤n(multiply from j=1 to k a_(ij))^(1/k),利用最值压缩定理,证明了与Hamy平均、算术平均和几何平均有关的一个双向不等式(A_n(a^(1/k)))^(kp)·(G_n(a^(1/k)))^(k(1-p))≤σ_n(a,k)≤qA_n(a)+(1-q)G_n(a),其中q=n-k/n-1和p=n-k/kn-k为最佳,从而得到一个较理想的优化不等式.
文摘This article studies the optimal proportional reinsurance and investment problem under a constant elasticity of variance （CEV） model. Assume that the insurer＇s surplus process follows a jump-diffusion process, the insurer can purchase proportional reinsurance from the reinsurer via the variance principle and invest in a risk-free asset and a risky asset whose price is modeled by a CEV model. The diffusion term can explain the uncertainty associated with the surplus of the insurer or the additional small claims. The objective of the insurer is to maximize the expected exponential utility of terminal wealth. This optimization problem is studied in two cases depending on the diffusion term＇s explanation. In all cases, by using techniques of stochastic control theory, closed-form expressions for the value functions and optimal strategies are obtained.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61402260,61473176)Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province(TSQN201812092)
文摘Pythagorean fuzzy set(PFS) can provide more flexibility than intuitionistic fuzzy set(IFS) for handling uncertain information, and PFS has been increasingly used in multi-attribute decision making problems. This paper proposes a new multiattribute group decision making method based on Pythagorean uncertain linguistic variable Hamy mean(PULVHM) operator and VIKOR method. Firstly, we define operation rules and a new aggregation operator of Pythagorean uncertain linguistic variable(PULV) and explore some properties of the operator.Secondly, taking the decision makers' hesitation degree into account, a new score function is defined, and we further develop a new group decision making approach integrated with VIKOR method. Finally, an investment example is demonstrated to elaborate the validity of the proposed method. Sensibility analysis and comprehensive comparisons with another two methods are performed to show the stability and advantage of our method.
文摘Climate warming has made the planting area of Hami melon expand northward to Barry Bakai Town,Altay City,near 47° N. Climate events often induce the occurrence of pests and diseases in crops,affecting the steady production of Hami melon. In 2013,pests and diseases occurred seriously,resulting in low yield and poor quality of Hami melon. Based on the production survey data of Hami melon in recent20 years,the interaction of various meteorological factors in different time and different intervals of various factors was analyzed in this paper to explore the characteristics of the meteorological factors that cause diseases and influence the quality of Hami melon.
基金Supported by Guide Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science(71YYD201408)Xinjiang Science and Technology Support Project of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2013AB020)
文摘This paper studies the influence of three different pretreatments( blanching,citric acid soaking,and Na Cl soaking) on the moisture content,degree of puffing,color,hardness and crispness of Hami melon under explosion puffing drying at modified temperature and pressure in Xinjiang. The results show that using 60 s blanching pretreatment can help to reduce the moisture content of puffed product while maintaining product color; 2. 5% citric acid pretreatment can make products maintain high degree of puffing and crispness,but reduce product color; 2%Na Cl penetrating fluid plays a significant role in maintaining product color,while maintaining crispness.
文摘The Xinjiang Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development Bureau have conducted a detailed investigation project of the Xigobi soda-niter deposit in Hami, Xinjiang Province, which was completed at the end of 2011. The project put much emphasis on research of soda-niter mineralization rules, stratum classification, ore-forming
基金supported by "211" Key Discipline Construction Project of Shihezi University
文摘According to the data from the national standard classification and investigation of tourism resources(GB/T 18972-2003) in Hami region,the abundance,quality and dimensional distribution of the tourism resources in Hami region were evaluated based on GIS mapping technology.The evaluation results on the tourism resources in Hami region are described as follows:there are rich tourism resources categories;the quality of tourism resources is ordinary;the resources distribute equably;the number of the historical resources is much more than the natural resources,but the 1atter still has great potential for developing.All the results of the evaluation can provide important references for strategic decision making of Hami region.
