为探究直接复热、水浴复热、微波复热和汽蒸复热方式对川菜回锅肉风味的影响,该研究以智能感官技术中的电子鼻和电子舌与氨基酸分析仪和顶空气相色谱-离子迁移谱(HS-GC-IMS)相结合,对回锅肉在4种复热方式处理下的风味特征进行了系统分...为探究直接复热、水浴复热、微波复热和汽蒸复热方式对川菜回锅肉风味的影响,该研究以智能感官技术中的电子鼻和电子舌与氨基酸分析仪和顶空气相色谱-离子迁移谱(HS-GC-IMS)相结合,对回锅肉在4种复热方式处理下的风味特征进行了系统分析。结果表明,电子鼻和电子舌能有效识别回锅肉的香气与口感特征;其中微波复热显著提升了回锅肉的营养价值。该研究共检测到17种游离氨基酸,经微波复热处理后的回锅肉总游离氨基酸含量达到最高值(202.08±6.68)mg/g。偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least squares discriminant analysis,PLS-DA)模型显示直接复热与汽蒸复热之间的风味差异最显著,根据变量重要性投影(variable importance in projection,VIP)值,筛选出22种关键差异香气物质,包括1-戊烯-3-醇、顺-2-戊烯醇等,可作为区分不同复热方式回锅肉香气特征的挥发性标志物。该研究为回锅肉的复热方式提供了重要理论依据,并为进一步探究不同复热方式对回锅肉风味的影响提供了数据支持。展开更多
为提高光伏发电系统短期出力预测的精度,提出了一种和声搜索(Harmony Search,HS)算法与回声状态网络(Echo State Network,ESN)算法相结合的预测模型。该模型以光伏电站的历史发电量数据和气象数据为基础。首先通过相似日选择算法挑选出...为提高光伏发电系统短期出力预测的精度,提出了一种和声搜索(Harmony Search,HS)算法与回声状态网络(Echo State Network,ESN)算法相结合的预测模型。该模型以光伏电站的历史发电量数据和气象数据为基础。首先通过相似日选择算法挑选出预测日的相似日,将相似日的气象特征向量和预测日的气象特征向量的差值作为预测模型的输入变量;然后选择训练样本,并用和声搜索算法优化后的回声状态网络模型(HS-ESN)对样本进行训练和预测;最后以甘肃某光伏电站为例进行实例验证。实证分析表明,利用和声搜索算法优化回声状态网络预测模型的储备池参数可有效提高回声状态网络的预测精度,因此该模型具有较好的实用价值。展开更多
Riverbed modeled rockfill material from Noa Dehing dam project, Arunachal Pradesh, India and blasted quarried modeled rockfill material from Kol dam project, Himachal Pradesh, India were considered for this research. ...Riverbed modeled rockfill material from Noa Dehing dam project, Arunachal Pradesh, India and blasted quarried modeled rockfill material from Kol dam project, Himachal Pradesh, India were considered for this research. Riverbed rockfill material is rounded to sub-rounded and quarried rockfill material is angular to sub-angular in shape. Prototype rockfill materials were modeled into maximum particle size （dmax） of 4.75 mm, 10 mm, 19 mm, 25 mm, 5O mm and 80 mm for testing in the laboratory. Consolidated drained triaxial tests were conducted on modeled rockfill materials with a specimen size of 381 mm in diameter and 813 mm in height to study the stress-strain-volume change behavior for both rockfill materials. Index properties, i.e. uncompacted void content （UVC） and uniaxial compressive strength （UCS）, were determined for both rockfill materials in association with material parameters. An elasto- plastic hardening soil （HS） constitutive model was used to predict the behavior of modeled rockfill materials. Comparing the predicted and observed stress-strain-volume change behavior, it is found that both observed and predicted behaviors match closely. The procedures were developed to predict the shear strength and elastic parameters of rockfill materials using the index properties, i.e. UCS, UVC and relative density （RD）, and predictions were made satisfactorily. Comparing the predicted and experi- mentally determined shear strengths and elastic parameters, it is observed that both values match closely. Then these procedures were used to predict the elastic and shear strength parameters of large- size prototype rockfill materials. Correlations were also developed between index properties and ma- terial strength parameters （dilatancy angle, ~, and initial void ratio, einit, required for HS model） of modeled rockfill materials and the same correlations were used to predict the strength parameters for the prototype rockfill materials. Using the predicted material parameters, the stress-strain-volume change behavior of prototype rockfill material was predicted using elastoplastic HS constitutive model. The advantage of the proposed methods is that only index properties, i.e. UCS, UVC, RD, modulus of elasticity of intact rock, Eir, and Poisson＇s ratio of intact rock, Vir, are required to determine the angle of shearing resistance, Ф, modulus of elasticity, E50^ref and Poisson＇s ratio, , of rockfill materials, and there is E50＆ref no need of triaxial testing. It is believed that the proposed methods are more realistic, economical, and can be used where large-size triaxial testing facilities are not available.展开更多
文摘为探究直接复热、水浴复热、微波复热和汽蒸复热方式对川菜回锅肉风味的影响,该研究以智能感官技术中的电子鼻和电子舌与氨基酸分析仪和顶空气相色谱-离子迁移谱(HS-GC-IMS)相结合,对回锅肉在4种复热方式处理下的风味特征进行了系统分析。结果表明,电子鼻和电子舌能有效识别回锅肉的香气与口感特征;其中微波复热显著提升了回锅肉的营养价值。该研究共检测到17种游离氨基酸,经微波复热处理后的回锅肉总游离氨基酸含量达到最高值(202.08±6.68)mg/g。偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least squares discriminant analysis,PLS-DA)模型显示直接复热与汽蒸复热之间的风味差异最显著,根据变量重要性投影(variable importance in projection,VIP)值,筛选出22种关键差异香气物质,包括1-戊烯-3-醇、顺-2-戊烯醇等,可作为区分不同复热方式回锅肉香气特征的挥发性标志物。该研究为回锅肉的复热方式提供了重要理论依据,并为进一步探究不同复热方式对回锅肉风味的影响提供了数据支持。
文摘为提高光伏发电系统短期出力预测的精度,提出了一种和声搜索(Harmony Search,HS)算法与回声状态网络(Echo State Network,ESN)算法相结合的预测模型。该模型以光伏电站的历史发电量数据和气象数据为基础。首先通过相似日选择算法挑选出预测日的相似日,将相似日的气象特征向量和预测日的气象特征向量的差值作为预测模型的输入变量;然后选择训练样本,并用和声搜索算法优化后的回声状态网络模型(HS-ESN)对样本进行训练和预测;最后以甘肃某光伏电站为例进行实例验证。实证分析表明,利用和声搜索算法优化回声状态网络预测模型的储备池参数可有效提高回声状态网络的预测精度,因此该模型具有较好的实用价值。
文摘Riverbed modeled rockfill material from Noa Dehing dam project, Arunachal Pradesh, India and blasted quarried modeled rockfill material from Kol dam project, Himachal Pradesh, India were considered for this research. Riverbed rockfill material is rounded to sub-rounded and quarried rockfill material is angular to sub-angular in shape. Prototype rockfill materials were modeled into maximum particle size （dmax） of 4.75 mm, 10 mm, 19 mm, 25 mm, 5O mm and 80 mm for testing in the laboratory. Consolidated drained triaxial tests were conducted on modeled rockfill materials with a specimen size of 381 mm in diameter and 813 mm in height to study the stress-strain-volume change behavior for both rockfill materials. Index properties, i.e. uncompacted void content （UVC） and uniaxial compressive strength （UCS）, were determined for both rockfill materials in association with material parameters. An elasto- plastic hardening soil （HS） constitutive model was used to predict the behavior of modeled rockfill materials. Comparing the predicted and observed stress-strain-volume change behavior, it is found that both observed and predicted behaviors match closely. The procedures were developed to predict the shear strength and elastic parameters of rockfill materials using the index properties, i.e. UCS, UVC and relative density （RD）, and predictions were made satisfactorily. Comparing the predicted and experi- mentally determined shear strengths and elastic parameters, it is observed that both values match closely. Then these procedures were used to predict the elastic and shear strength parameters of large- size prototype rockfill materials. Correlations were also developed between index properties and ma- terial strength parameters （dilatancy angle, ~, and initial void ratio, einit, required for HS model） of modeled rockfill materials and the same correlations were used to predict the strength parameters for the prototype rockfill materials. Using the predicted material parameters, the stress-strain-volume change behavior of prototype rockfill material was predicted using elastoplastic HS constitutive model. The advantage of the proposed methods is that only index properties, i.e. UCS, UVC, RD, modulus of elasticity of intact rock, Eir, and Poisson＇s ratio of intact rock, Vir, are required to determine the angle of shearing resistance, Ф, modulus of elasticity, E50^ref and Poisson＇s ratio, , of rockfill materials, and there is E50＆ref no need of triaxial testing. It is believed that the proposed methods are more realistic, economical, and can be used where large-size triaxial testing facilities are not available.
