目的从单幅影像中估计景深已成为计算机视觉研究热点之一,现有方法常通过提高网络的复杂度回归深度,增加了数据的训练成本及时间复杂度,为此提出一种面向单目深度估计的多层次感知条件随机场模型。方法采用自适应混合金字塔特征融合策略...目的从单幅影像中估计景深已成为计算机视觉研究热点之一,现有方法常通过提高网络的复杂度回归深度,增加了数据的训练成本及时间复杂度,为此提出一种面向单目深度估计的多层次感知条件随机场模型。方法采用自适应混合金字塔特征融合策略,捕获图像中不同位置间的短距离和长距离依赖关系,从而有效聚合全局和局部上下文信息,实现信息的高效传递。引入条件随机场解码机制,以此精细捕捉像素间的空间依赖关系。结合动态缩放注意力机制增强对不同图像区域间依赖关系的感知能力,引入偏置学习单元模块避免网络陷入极端值问题,保证模型的稳定性。针对不同特征模态间的交互情况,通过层次感知适配器扩展特征映射维度增强空间和通道交互性能,提高模型的特征学习能力。结果在NYU Depth v2(New York University depth dataset version 2)数据集上进行消融实验,结果表明,本文网络可以显著提高性能指标,相较于对比的先进方法,绝对相对误差(absolute relative error,Abs Rel)减小至0.1以内,降低7.4%,均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)降低5.4%。为验证模型在真实道路环境中的实用性,在KITTI(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago)数据集上进行对比实验,上述指标均优于对比的主流方法,其中RMSE降低3.1%,阈值(δ<1.25^(2),δ<1.25^(3))准确度接近100%,此外,在MatterPort3D数据集上验证了模型的泛化性。从可视化实验结果看,在复杂环境下本文方法可以更好地估计困难区域的深度。结论本文采用多层次特征提取器及混合金字塔特征融合策略,优化了信息在编码器和解码器间的传递过程,通过全连接解码获取像素级别的输出,能够有效提高单目深度估计精度。展开更多
This study explores the housing distribution effect of the Housing Provident Fund(HPF)system on households.Utilizing data from the China Household Finance Survey conducted in 2013,2015,2017,and 2019,this study empiric...This study explores the housing distribution effect of the Housing Provident Fund(HPF)system on households.Utilizing data from the China Household Finance Survey conducted in 2013,2015,2017,and 2019,this study empirically investigates this effect from two dimensions:the impact of HPF payments on household income and housing loan behavior,and the impact on the Gini coefficient of housing assets within the group.The results indicate that the HPF payment does not significantly impact household income levels.Instead,it increases their likelihood of obtaining housing loans,particularly for middle-income households.Additionally,for any group of families,the HPF payment decreased the housing Gini coefficient among households by approximately 0.11 units.This study may be the first to provide the most direct empirical evidence on the extent of HPF’s impact on housing inequality within a group.It also questions the inference in the literature that“HPF will aggravate housing inequality within the group.”Based on this study’s findings,we expect that housing inequality will continue to be alleviated with continued HPF implementation.In particular,this effect will be more significant if the credit support for lowincome families to purchase houses through the HPF can be further enhanced.展开更多
Objective:To identify the active components in Maimendong decoction(MMDD)against pulmonary fibrosis(PF)and validate their molecular effects in vitro,while focusing on the role of methyl-ophiopogonanone B in regulating...Objective:To identify the active components in Maimendong decoction(MMDD)against pulmonary fibrosis(PF)and validate their molecular effects in vitro,while focusing on the role of methyl-ophiopogonanone B in regulating fibrosis.Methods:Data on MMDD components and targets were gathered from databases including BATMAN-TCM and PubMed,whereas the PF gene data were sourced from GeneCards,OMIM,and TTD.Shared targets were determined using the STRING database,and molecular docking was used to analyze the essential molecules associated with fibrosis.To simulate PF conditions,human embryonic lung fibro-blasts(HPF)and A549 cells were exposed to transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1).Various assays were used to determine the effects of MMDD and methylophiopogonanone B on signaling pathways,apoptosis,and epithelialemesenchymal transition.Results:We identified 11 active components from MMDD extracts that targeted 511 shared proteins associated with PF,revealing 10 key targets in network analysis.Gene ontology analysis indicated that processes and pathways such as apoptosis regulation and PI3K/Akt signaling were involved.In vitro experiments revealed that MMDD downregulated the expression ofα-smooth muscle actin(a-SMA),collagen typeⅠ(COL-Ⅰ),and collagen typeⅢand regulated Bcl-2/Bax signaling pathways to promote apoptosis.The flow cytometry apoptosis assay revealed that MMDD promoted the TGF-β1-induced apoptosis of myofibroblasts.The primary active ingredient in MMDD,methylophiopogonanone B,reducedα-SMA,COL-Ⅰ,and PI3K/Akt/mTOR-related protein levels in TGF-β1-treated HPF cells,decreased Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase 3,and increased Bax.Moreover,methylophiopogonanone B increased E-cadherin levels and reducedα-SMA,fibronectin,N-cadherin,vimentin,and snail in TGF-b1-treated A549 cells.Conclusion:Methylophiopogonanone B demonstrated the potential to treat PF by inducing myofibroblast apoptosis and inhibiting EMT.However,despite encouraging initial results,further clinical research is warranted to verify the safety and efficacy of methylophiopogonanone B in the management of PF.展开更多
Desulfurization of coke oven gas(COG)is a critical step for achieving green and sustainable development in the coking industry.Ammonium binuclear cobalt phthalocyanine sulfonate(PDS),serving as the core catalyst in th...Desulfurization of coke oven gas(COG)is a critical step for achieving green and sustainable development in the coking industry.Ammonium binuclear cobalt phthalocyanine sulfonate(PDS),serving as the core catalyst in the Hydroquinone-PDSFerrous sulfate(HPF)desulfurization process,requires precise concentration monitoring for process optimization.To address the limitations of traditional detection methods,including insufficient sensitivity,cumbersome manual operations,and weak anti-interference capability,this study developed a fully automated analytical system and method based on spectrophotometry,thereby filling a technological gap in automated PDS detection.Systematic performance validation demonstrated that the autoanalyzer exhibits excellent sensitivity and a wide linear range,with results consistent with industrial standard methods.Leveraging a programmable logic controller(PLC),the system achieves end-to-end automation from sample pretreatment to data feedback,overcoming limitations inherent in manual operations such as delayed sample processing and human-induced errors,which significantly enhances the sensitivity and timeliness of PDS concentration monitoring in complex industrial matrices.The proposed method offers triple benefits of environmental friendliness,cost-effectiveness,and social value,providing key technical support for the coking industry.展开更多
Active damping(AD)strategy is an economical and efficient method to solve the resonant problem of the permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)drive system with inductor-capacitor(LC)sine wave filter.In this article,th...Active damping(AD)strategy is an economical and efficient method to solve the resonant problem of the permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)drive system with inductor-capacitor(LC)sine wave filter.In this article,the AD methods used in PMSM drive system are classified as inherent damping(ID),state variable feedback,and digital filter.Based on this,the purpose of this article is to provide an overview and analysis of the AD methods on PMSM drive system in recent years,and to comprehensively review,compare,and summarize the stability,dynamic performance,robustness,and algorithm complexity.Furthermore,a new expansion of AD method based on capacitor current feedback with high-pass filter(HPF-CCF)is studied to ensure the effectiveness when the resonant frequency is around sixth of the sampling frequency.The simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of theoretical analysis.展开更多
文摘目的从单幅影像中估计景深已成为计算机视觉研究热点之一,现有方法常通过提高网络的复杂度回归深度,增加了数据的训练成本及时间复杂度,为此提出一种面向单目深度估计的多层次感知条件随机场模型。方法采用自适应混合金字塔特征融合策略,捕获图像中不同位置间的短距离和长距离依赖关系,从而有效聚合全局和局部上下文信息,实现信息的高效传递。引入条件随机场解码机制,以此精细捕捉像素间的空间依赖关系。结合动态缩放注意力机制增强对不同图像区域间依赖关系的感知能力,引入偏置学习单元模块避免网络陷入极端值问题,保证模型的稳定性。针对不同特征模态间的交互情况,通过层次感知适配器扩展特征映射维度增强空间和通道交互性能,提高模型的特征学习能力。结果在NYU Depth v2(New York University depth dataset version 2)数据集上进行消融实验,结果表明,本文网络可以显著提高性能指标,相较于对比的先进方法,绝对相对误差(absolute relative error,Abs Rel)减小至0.1以内,降低7.4%,均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)降低5.4%。为验证模型在真实道路环境中的实用性,在KITTI(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago)数据集上进行对比实验,上述指标均优于对比的主流方法,其中RMSE降低3.1%,阈值(δ<1.25^(2),δ<1.25^(3))准确度接近100%,此外,在MatterPort3D数据集上验证了模型的泛化性。从可视化实验结果看,在复杂环境下本文方法可以更好地估计困难区域的深度。结论本文采用多层次特征提取器及混合金字塔特征融合策略,优化了信息在编码器和解码器间的传递过程,通过全连接解码获取像素级别的输出,能够有效提高单目深度估计精度。
基金funded by the Humanities and Social Sciences Research Project of the Ministry of Education of China(Project No.23XJC790007).
文摘This study explores the housing distribution effect of the Housing Provident Fund(HPF)system on households.Utilizing data from the China Household Finance Survey conducted in 2013,2015,2017,and 2019,this study empirically investigates this effect from two dimensions:the impact of HPF payments on household income and housing loan behavior,and the impact on the Gini coefficient of housing assets within the group.The results indicate that the HPF payment does not significantly impact household income levels.Instead,it increases their likelihood of obtaining housing loans,particularly for middle-income households.Additionally,for any group of families,the HPF payment decreased the housing Gini coefficient among households by approximately 0.11 units.This study may be the first to provide the most direct empirical evidence on the extent of HPF’s impact on housing inequality within a group.It also questions the inference in the literature that“HPF will aggravate housing inequality within the group.”Based on this study’s findings,we expect that housing inequality will continue to be alleviated with continued HPF implementation.In particular,this effect will be more significant if the credit support for lowincome families to purchase houses through the HPF can be further enhanced.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82274242 and 81573716)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7172126).
文摘Objective:To identify the active components in Maimendong decoction(MMDD)against pulmonary fibrosis(PF)and validate their molecular effects in vitro,while focusing on the role of methyl-ophiopogonanone B in regulating fibrosis.Methods:Data on MMDD components and targets were gathered from databases including BATMAN-TCM and PubMed,whereas the PF gene data were sourced from GeneCards,OMIM,and TTD.Shared targets were determined using the STRING database,and molecular docking was used to analyze the essential molecules associated with fibrosis.To simulate PF conditions,human embryonic lung fibro-blasts(HPF)and A549 cells were exposed to transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1).Various assays were used to determine the effects of MMDD and methylophiopogonanone B on signaling pathways,apoptosis,and epithelialemesenchymal transition.Results:We identified 11 active components from MMDD extracts that targeted 511 shared proteins associated with PF,revealing 10 key targets in network analysis.Gene ontology analysis indicated that processes and pathways such as apoptosis regulation and PI3K/Akt signaling were involved.In vitro experiments revealed that MMDD downregulated the expression ofα-smooth muscle actin(a-SMA),collagen typeⅠ(COL-Ⅰ),and collagen typeⅢand regulated Bcl-2/Bax signaling pathways to promote apoptosis.The flow cytometry apoptosis assay revealed that MMDD promoted the TGF-β1-induced apoptosis of myofibroblasts.The primary active ingredient in MMDD,methylophiopogonanone B,reducedα-SMA,COL-Ⅰ,and PI3K/Akt/mTOR-related protein levels in TGF-β1-treated HPF cells,decreased Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase 3,and increased Bax.Moreover,methylophiopogonanone B increased E-cadherin levels and reducedα-SMA,fibronectin,N-cadherin,vimentin,and snail in TGF-b1-treated A549 cells.Conclusion:Methylophiopogonanone B demonstrated the potential to treat PF by inducing myofibroblast apoptosis and inhibiting EMT.However,despite encouraging initial results,further clinical research is warranted to verify the safety and efficacy of methylophiopogonanone B in the management of PF.
基金supported by the cross-sectional research project sponsored by Jilin Baoli Science and Technology Co.(2024-2200-0800-0378)
文摘Desulfurization of coke oven gas(COG)is a critical step for achieving green and sustainable development in the coking industry.Ammonium binuclear cobalt phthalocyanine sulfonate(PDS),serving as the core catalyst in the Hydroquinone-PDSFerrous sulfate(HPF)desulfurization process,requires precise concentration monitoring for process optimization.To address the limitations of traditional detection methods,including insufficient sensitivity,cumbersome manual operations,and weak anti-interference capability,this study developed a fully automated analytical system and method based on spectrophotometry,thereby filling a technological gap in automated PDS detection.Systematic performance validation demonstrated that the autoanalyzer exhibits excellent sensitivity and a wide linear range,with results consistent with industrial standard methods.Leveraging a programmable logic controller(PLC),the system achieves end-to-end automation from sample pretreatment to data feedback,overcoming limitations inherent in manual operations such as delayed sample processing and human-induced errors,which significantly enhances the sensitivity and timeliness of PDS concentration monitoring in complex industrial matrices.The proposed method offers triple benefits of environmental friendliness,cost-effectiveness,and social value,providing key technical support for the coking industry.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundational of China under Grants 62373363 and 52007190
文摘Active damping(AD)strategy is an economical and efficient method to solve the resonant problem of the permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)drive system with inductor-capacitor(LC)sine wave filter.In this article,the AD methods used in PMSM drive system are classified as inherent damping(ID),state variable feedback,and digital filter.Based on this,the purpose of this article is to provide an overview and analysis of the AD methods on PMSM drive system in recent years,and to comprehensively review,compare,and summarize the stability,dynamic performance,robustness,and algorithm complexity.Furthermore,a new expansion of AD method based on capacitor current feedback with high-pass filter(HPF-CCF)is studied to ensure the effectiveness when the resonant frequency is around sixth of the sampling frequency.The simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of theoretical analysis.
