Plants interact with a complex network of microorganisms,forming a dynamic holobiont that is crucial for their health,growth,and adaptation.This interconnected system is deeply influenced by environmental factors,whic...Plants interact with a complex network of microorganisms,forming a dynamic holobiont that is crucial for their health,growth,and adaptation.This interconnected system is deeply influenced by environmental factors,which modulate the relationships within the plant microbiome.Key environmental drivers such as light,temperature,and moisture can alter the balance of these interactions,impacting plant immunity,resilience,and overall fitness.The traditional disease triangle model,which emphasizes plant-pathogen-environment interactions,is enhanced by incorporating the role of the microbiome,revealing how microbial communities contribute to disease outcomes.This review highlights the importance of shifting focus from studying plants in isolation to embracing an integrated approach that accounts for the intricate interactions between plants,microbes,and their surrounding environments.Comprehending these interactions is pivotal as we explore new approaches,including advanced sequencing technologies and microbiome engineering,to optimize plant-microbe relationships for improved crop resilience.These insights are vital for developing sustainable agricultural practices to address the impacts of climate change and other environmental challenges.展开更多
Large-scale crop monocultures facilitate the proliferation and increasing prevalence of diseases and pest insects.Many studies highlight the impacts of plant diversification upon pathogens,and the population dynamics ...Large-scale crop monocultures facilitate the proliferation and increasing prevalence of diseases and pest insects.Many studies highlight the impacts of plant diversification upon pathogens,and the population dynamics of insects and beneficial organism in agricultural ecosystems.These studies provide evidence that habitat manipulation techniques such as intercropping,relay,and rotation can significantly improve disease and pest management.This review introduces the concept of crop diversity,considers recent insights and mechanisms underlying crop diversity,and discusses its potential for improving sustainable agricultural practices.Recently,the phytobiomes resulting from increased crop diversity are increasingly recognized for their contribution to disease and pest control.Further,understanding the interactions between pathogens or pests with their host phytobiome may lead to novel options for the prevention of pests.Recent advances in the agricultural systems include:(i)a better understanding of the mechanisms of interactions between crop species and genotypes;(ii)ecological progress including a better understanding of the context-dependency of those interactions;and(iii)the role of microtopographic variation in agricultural systems for priming basal resistance to multiple pests and pathogens by intercropped crops.We also highlight recent progress in China and the potential options for habitat management and design that enhance the ecological role of biodiversity in agroecosystems.展开更多
The world’s coral reefs are threatened by the cumulative impacts of global climate change and local stressors.Driven largely by a desire to understand the interactions between corals and their symbiotic microorganism...The world’s coral reefs are threatened by the cumulative impacts of global climate change and local stressors.Driven largely by a desire to understand the interactions between corals and their symbiotic microorganisms,and to use this knowledge to eventually improve coral health,interest in coral microbiology and the coral microbiome has increased in recent years.In this review,we summarize the role of the coral microbiome in maintaining a healthy metaorganism by providing nutrients,support for growth and development,protection against pathogens,and mitigation of environmental stressors.We explore the concept of coral microbiome engineering,that is,precise and controlled manipulation of the coral microbiome to aid and enhance coral resilience and tolerance in the changing oceans.Although coral microbiome engineering is clearly in its infancy,several recent breakthroughs indicate that such engineering is an effective tool for restoration and preservation of these valuable ecosystems.To assist with identifying future research targets,we have reviewed the common principles of microbiome engineering and its applications in improving human health and agricultural productivity,drawing parallels to where coral microbiome engineering can advance in the not-too-distant future.Finally,we end by discussing the challenges faced by researchers and practitioners in the application of microbiome engineering in coral reefs and provide recommendations for future work.展开更多
Macroalgae farming not only holds significant economic value but also contributes substantially to carbon sequestration,and therefore has gained intensified attention globally under climate change scenarios.However,it...Macroalgae farming not only holds significant economic value but also contributes substantially to carbon sequestration,and therefore has gained intensified attention globally under climate change scenarios.However,its sustainability is increasingly threatened by anthropogenic and environmental changes.The health and resilience of macroalgae are intrinsically linked to their associated microbiomes,offering an untapped opportunity to enhance macroalgal farming through microbiome manipulation.In this review,we have summarized the current understanding of macroalgal microbiomes,highlighting critically underexplored microbial components,such as overlooked taxa,host specificity,and the environmental factors influencing microbiome composition,which hinder the development of effective microbiome engineering strategies.We critically evaluate existing microbiome manipulation approaches and their applications in enhancing macroalgal growth,resilience,carbon fixation,and biomass yield and assess their potential for improving macroalgal carbon sequestration.Finally,we propose a holistic framework that integrates multi-omics and metabolic modeling,microbial functional and environmental compatibility,high-throughput rapid isolation,and in vivo validation to bridge critical knowledge gaps and unlock the full potential of macroalgal microbiome engineering for sustainable,large-scale macroalgal farming.展开更多
The plant hormone ethylene regulates plant growth,development,and stress responses.Recent studies on early signaling events following ethylene perception in rice(Oryza sativa)have identified MAO HU ZI 3(MHZ3)as a stab...The plant hormone ethylene regulates plant growth,development,and stress responses.Recent studies on early signaling events following ethylene perception in rice(Oryza sativa)have identified MAO HU ZI 3(MHZ3)as a stabilizer of the ethylene receptors ETHYLENE RESPONSE SENSOR 2(OsERS2)and ETHYLENE RECEPTOR 2(OsETR2).MHZ3 ensures the interaction of these receptors with CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE 2(OsCTR2),thereby maintaining OsCTR2 activity.Ethylene treatment disrupts the interactions within the MHZ3/receptors/OsCTR2 protein complex,leading to decreased OsCTR2 phosphorylation and the initiation of downstream signaling.Recent studies have established MHZ3 as the primary regulator and switch for OsCTR2 phosphorylation.In this review,we explore the role of MHZ3 in regulating ethylene signaling and highlight its effects on plant growth,development,and stress responses at the plant holobiont level.展开更多
Kelps are pivotal to temperate coastal ecosystems,providing essential habitat and nutrients for diverse marine life,and significantly enhancing local biodiversity.The impacts of elevated CO_(2)levels on kelps may indu...Kelps are pivotal to temperate coastal ecosystems,providing essential habitat and nutrients for diverse marine life,and significantly enhancing local biodiversity.The impacts of elevated CO_(2)levels on kelps may induce far-reaching effects throughout the marine food web,with potential consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem functions.This study considers the kelp Macrocystis pyrifera and its symbiotic microorganisms as a holistic functional unit(holobiont)to examine their collective response to heightened CO_(2)levels.Over a 4 month cultivation from the fertilization of M.pyrifera gametes to the development of juvenile sporophytes,our findings reveal that elevated CO_(2)levels influence the structure of the M.pyrifera symbiotic microbiome,alter metabolic profiles,and reshape microbe-metabolite interactions using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry analysis.Notably,Dinoroseobacter,Sulfitobacter,Methylotenera,Hyphomonas,Milano-WF1B-44 and Methylophaga were selected as microbiome biomarkers,which showed significant increases in comparative abundance with elevated CO_(2)levels.Stress-response molecules including fatty-acid metabolites,oxylipins,and hormone-like compounds such as methyl jasmonate and prostaglandin F2a emerged as critical metabolomic indicators.We propose that elevated CO_(2)puts certain stress on the M.pyrifera holobiont,prompting the release of these stress-response molecules.Moreover,these molecules may aid the kelp’s adaptation by modulating the microbial community structure,particularly influencing potential pathogenic bacteria,to cope with environmental change.These results will enrich the baseline data related to the chemical interactions between the microbiota and M.pyrifera and provide clues for predicting the resilience of kelps to future climate change.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the Institute for Basic Science(IBS-R021-D1-2024-a00)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(Ho-Seok Lee).
文摘Plants interact with a complex network of microorganisms,forming a dynamic holobiont that is crucial for their health,growth,and adaptation.This interconnected system is deeply influenced by environmental factors,which modulate the relationships within the plant microbiome.Key environmental drivers such as light,temperature,and moisture can alter the balance of these interactions,impacting plant immunity,resilience,and overall fitness.The traditional disease triangle model,which emphasizes plant-pathogen-environment interactions,is enhanced by incorporating the role of the microbiome,revealing how microbial communities contribute to disease outcomes.This review highlights the importance of shifting focus from studying plants in isolation to embracing an integrated approach that accounts for the intricate interactions between plants,microbes,and their surrounding environments.Comprehending these interactions is pivotal as we explore new approaches,including advanced sequencing technologies and microbiome engineering,to optimize plant-microbe relationships for improved crop resilience.These insights are vital for developing sustainable agricultural practices to address the impacts of climate change and other environmental challenges.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research & Development Program of China (2017YFD0200400)
文摘Large-scale crop monocultures facilitate the proliferation and increasing prevalence of diseases and pest insects.Many studies highlight the impacts of plant diversification upon pathogens,and the population dynamics of insects and beneficial organism in agricultural ecosystems.These studies provide evidence that habitat manipulation techniques such as intercropping,relay,and rotation can significantly improve disease and pest management.This review introduces the concept of crop diversity,considers recent insights and mechanisms underlying crop diversity,and discusses its potential for improving sustainable agricultural practices.Recently,the phytobiomes resulting from increased crop diversity are increasingly recognized for their contribution to disease and pest control.Further,understanding the interactions between pathogens or pests with their host phytobiome may lead to novel options for the prevention of pests.Recent advances in the agricultural systems include:(i)a better understanding of the mechanisms of interactions between crop species and genotypes;(ii)ecological progress including a better understanding of the context-dependency of those interactions;and(iii)the role of microtopographic variation in agricultural systems for priming basal resistance to multiple pests and pathogens by intercropped crops.We also highlight recent progress in China and the potential options for habitat management and design that enhance the ecological role of biodiversity in agroecosystems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42122045,41890853,and 42106197)the Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)(GML2019ZD0401 and GML2019ZD0402)Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA13020300).
文摘The world’s coral reefs are threatened by the cumulative impacts of global climate change and local stressors.Driven largely by a desire to understand the interactions between corals and their symbiotic microorganisms,and to use this knowledge to eventually improve coral health,interest in coral microbiology and the coral microbiome has increased in recent years.In this review,we summarize the role of the coral microbiome in maintaining a healthy metaorganism by providing nutrients,support for growth and development,protection against pathogens,and mitigation of environmental stressors.We explore the concept of coral microbiome engineering,that is,precise and controlled manipulation of the coral microbiome to aid and enhance coral resilience and tolerance in the changing oceans.Although coral microbiome engineering is clearly in its infancy,several recent breakthroughs indicate that such engineering is an effective tool for restoration and preservation of these valuable ecosystems.To assist with identifying future research targets,we have reviewed the common principles of microbiome engineering and its applications in improving human health and agricultural productivity,drawing parallels to where coral microbiome engineering can advance in the not-too-distant future.Finally,we end by discussing the challenges faced by researchers and practitioners in the application of microbiome engineering in coral reefs and provide recommendations for future work.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0608304,2020YFA0607603)the Natural Science Foundation of China(42176050,42276105,U1906216)+4 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M753347)the Shandong Province Postdoctoral Fund Project(SDBX2022030,SDCX-ZG-202400160)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(2023220)the Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province(No.tsqn2024)the Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions(ONCE)Project.
文摘Macroalgae farming not only holds significant economic value but also contributes substantially to carbon sequestration,and therefore has gained intensified attention globally under climate change scenarios.However,its sustainability is increasingly threatened by anthropogenic and environmental changes.The health and resilience of macroalgae are intrinsically linked to their associated microbiomes,offering an untapped opportunity to enhance macroalgal farming through microbiome manipulation.In this review,we have summarized the current understanding of macroalgal microbiomes,highlighting critically underexplored microbial components,such as overlooked taxa,host specificity,and the environmental factors influencing microbiome composition,which hinder the development of effective microbiome engineering strategies.We critically evaluate existing microbiome manipulation approaches and their applications in enhancing macroalgal growth,resilience,carbon fixation,and biomass yield and assess their potential for improving macroalgal carbon sequestration.Finally,we propose a holistic framework that integrates multi-omics and metabolic modeling,microbial functional and environmental compatibility,high-throughput rapid isolation,and in vivo validation to bridge critical knowledge gaps and unlock the full potential of macroalgal microbiome engineering for sustainable,large-scale macroalgal farming.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants 32100227 and 32370016)a Funding from Joint Open Project from Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China and Industrial College of South China Agricultural University-Lardmee Technology Group(grant KLERUECSCMARAC202302).
文摘The plant hormone ethylene regulates plant growth,development,and stress responses.Recent studies on early signaling events following ethylene perception in rice(Oryza sativa)have identified MAO HU ZI 3(MHZ3)as a stabilizer of the ethylene receptors ETHYLENE RESPONSE SENSOR 2(OsERS2)and ETHYLENE RECEPTOR 2(OsETR2).MHZ3 ensures the interaction of these receptors with CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE 2(OsCTR2),thereby maintaining OsCTR2 activity.Ethylene treatment disrupts the interactions within the MHZ3/receptors/OsCTR2 protein complex,leading to decreased OsCTR2 phosphorylation and the initiation of downstream signaling.Recent studies have established MHZ3 as the primary regulator and switch for OsCTR2 phosphorylation.In this review,we explore the role of MHZ3 in regulating ethylene signaling and highlight its effects on plant growth,development,and stress responses at the plant holobiont level.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Programme of China(2022YFD2400105)Laoshan Laboratory grants(LSKJ202203801,LSKJ202203204)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021MD075)Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund CAFS(NO.2023TD28,2023TD19)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32373107)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-50),the Taishan Scholars Program.
文摘Kelps are pivotal to temperate coastal ecosystems,providing essential habitat and nutrients for diverse marine life,and significantly enhancing local biodiversity.The impacts of elevated CO_(2)levels on kelps may induce far-reaching effects throughout the marine food web,with potential consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem functions.This study considers the kelp Macrocystis pyrifera and its symbiotic microorganisms as a holistic functional unit(holobiont)to examine their collective response to heightened CO_(2)levels.Over a 4 month cultivation from the fertilization of M.pyrifera gametes to the development of juvenile sporophytes,our findings reveal that elevated CO_(2)levels influence the structure of the M.pyrifera symbiotic microbiome,alter metabolic profiles,and reshape microbe-metabolite interactions using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry analysis.Notably,Dinoroseobacter,Sulfitobacter,Methylotenera,Hyphomonas,Milano-WF1B-44 and Methylophaga were selected as microbiome biomarkers,which showed significant increases in comparative abundance with elevated CO_(2)levels.Stress-response molecules including fatty-acid metabolites,oxylipins,and hormone-like compounds such as methyl jasmonate and prostaglandin F2a emerged as critical metabolomic indicators.We propose that elevated CO_(2)puts certain stress on the M.pyrifera holobiont,prompting the release of these stress-response molecules.Moreover,these molecules may aid the kelp’s adaptation by modulating the microbial community structure,particularly influencing potential pathogenic bacteria,to cope with environmental change.These results will enrich the baseline data related to the chemical interactions between the microbiota and M.pyrifera and provide clues for predicting the resilience of kelps to future climate change.
