感染个体进行 HIV 抗体的检测对 HIV 的诊断和控制至关重要，传统的血液检测法对医院的环境设施及相关医务人员水平的要求较高，也存在交叉感染的危险。研究表明， HIV 感染者的唾液或口腔黏膜渗出液中几乎不含 HIV 病毒，但含有抗 HIV...感染个体进行 HIV 抗体的检测对 HIV 的诊断和控制至关重要，传统的血液检测法对医院的环境设施及相关医务人员水平的要求较高，也存在交叉感染的危险。研究表明， HIV 感染者的唾液或口腔黏膜渗出液中几乎不含 HIV 病毒，但含有抗 HIV 抗体，并且检出率高。这一发现为艾滋病检测提供了一个全新的发展方向[1-2]。在以口腔分泌物为样本的 HIV 抗体诊断试剂研发领域，虽然国内外曾有报道，但国内至今可成熟应用到临床检测的试剂非常少见。本研究通过工艺摸索及优化，建立了一种基于口腔黏膜渗出液样本检测 HIV1/2型抗体的诊断方法（免疫分析法），为临床提供了适用于 HIV 抗体检测的安全、无创、快速诊断试剂。研制的检测试剂可广泛用于高危人群的流行病学调查和监测，对推进社区医疗和家庭 POCT（point of care testing）在传染病诊断领域的发展具有重要意义。展开更多
Background: HIV-2 is comparatively less pathogenic with slow progression of infection to clinical disease and consequently there is less of information on the occurrence of HIV-2 associated disease than HIV-1. We here...Background: HIV-2 is comparatively less pathogenic with slow progression of infection to clinical disease and consequently there is less of information on the occurrence of HIV-2 associated disease than HIV-1. We hereby describe some laboratory profiles of individuals presenting with HIV-2 and dual HIV-1/2 related AIDS at the University College hospital in Ibadan over a period of seven years. Methodology: Blood samples from patients presenting with the AIDS defining illness at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria were tested for antibodies to HIV-1/2 using rapid test devices or ELISA. Initially reactive samples were further tested by immunoblotting for differentiation into HIV-1 or HIV-2 or HIV-1/2 dual infection. Blood samples from individuals with confirmed infections were further analyzed for CD4 cell lymphocyte number, plasma HIV-1 RNA concentration, hematological and blood chemistry parameters. The data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and Levene-S test for equality of variance. Results: Thirty five patients, 18 and 17 with HIV-2 and dual HIV-1/2 infections respectively were identified during the period covered by this study (2005-2012). The median age of the patients was 48 years old (Range: 42 - 70 years old) and mean CD4 cell count of HIV-2 patients at enrollment was 324 (Range: 16 - 696) and 350 (Range 54 - 863) per microlitre of blood for patients with dual HIV-1/2 infection. HIV-1 RNA was not detected in the plasma of the 18 patients with serological HIV-2 infection but 2 (11.8%) of the 17 patients with dual HIV-1/2 serological profile had detectable HIV-1 RNA (1,287,275 copies/ml and 1,816,491 copies/ml). Conclusion: The results emphasize the need to consider HIV-2 infection in the investigation of patients presenting with the AIDS related illness but with negative HIV-1serology. The study also shows the importance of inclusion of multispot HIV-1 and 2 rapid tests for differentiating HIV-1 from HIV-2 infections in regions where both types of HIV circulate or epidemiologically indicated.展开更多
文摘感染个体进行 HIV 抗体的检测对 HIV 的诊断和控制至关重要，传统的血液检测法对医院的环境设施及相关医务人员水平的要求较高，也存在交叉感染的危险。研究表明， HIV 感染者的唾液或口腔黏膜渗出液中几乎不含 HIV 病毒，但含有抗 HIV 抗体，并且检出率高。这一发现为艾滋病检测提供了一个全新的发展方向[1-2]。在以口腔分泌物为样本的 HIV 抗体诊断试剂研发领域，虽然国内外曾有报道，但国内至今可成熟应用到临床检测的试剂非常少见。本研究通过工艺摸索及优化，建立了一种基于口腔黏膜渗出液样本检测 HIV1/2型抗体的诊断方法（免疫分析法），为临床提供了适用于 HIV 抗体检测的安全、无创、快速诊断试剂。研制的检测试剂可广泛用于高危人群的流行病学调查和监测，对推进社区医疗和家庭 POCT（point of care testing）在传染病诊断领域的发展具有重要意义。
文摘Background: HIV-2 is comparatively less pathogenic with slow progression of infection to clinical disease and consequently there is less of information on the occurrence of HIV-2 associated disease than HIV-1. We hereby describe some laboratory profiles of individuals presenting with HIV-2 and dual HIV-1/2 related AIDS at the University College hospital in Ibadan over a period of seven years. Methodology: Blood samples from patients presenting with the AIDS defining illness at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria were tested for antibodies to HIV-1/2 using rapid test devices or ELISA. Initially reactive samples were further tested by immunoblotting for differentiation into HIV-1 or HIV-2 or HIV-1/2 dual infection. Blood samples from individuals with confirmed infections were further analyzed for CD4 cell lymphocyte number, plasma HIV-1 RNA concentration, hematological and blood chemistry parameters. The data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and Levene-S test for equality of variance. Results: Thirty five patients, 18 and 17 with HIV-2 and dual HIV-1/2 infections respectively were identified during the period covered by this study (2005-2012). The median age of the patients was 48 years old (Range: 42 - 70 years old) and mean CD4 cell count of HIV-2 patients at enrollment was 324 (Range: 16 - 696) and 350 (Range 54 - 863) per microlitre of blood for patients with dual HIV-1/2 infection. HIV-1 RNA was not detected in the plasma of the 18 patients with serological HIV-2 infection but 2 (11.8%) of the 17 patients with dual HIV-1/2 serological profile had detectable HIV-1 RNA (1,287,275 copies/ml and 1,816,491 copies/ml). Conclusion: The results emphasize the need to consider HIV-2 infection in the investigation of patients presenting with the AIDS related illness but with negative HIV-1serology. The study also shows the importance of inclusion of multispot HIV-1 and 2 rapid tests for differentiating HIV-1 from HIV-2 infections in regions where both types of HIV circulate or epidemiologically indicated.
文摘目的评价Roche电化学发光法联合检测HIV抗原抗体试剂的检测性能。方法收集包括健康献血员、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体阳性和高危人群在内的血清样本1 327例。购买美国BBI公司的7套HIV血清转换盘共计51份血清样本。采用Roche cobas e411(架式系统)电化学全自动免疫分析仪和相应的检测试剂、校准品和质控品以及检测参数进行测定。以Roche Elecsys HIV Combi试剂盒为评估试剂,以生物梅里埃Vironostika Uni-FormⅡplus O HIV抗体试剂盒为参比试剂。定性检测血清HIV p24抗原和HIV1/2抗体并评价检测方法分析性能、结果一致性和血清转化灵敏度。结果 Roche Elecsys HIV Combi试剂盒批内和天间不精密度良好,符合临床使用要求。血清样本检测结果和参比试剂检测结果一致性完全符合。评估试剂的血清转化灵敏度比参比试剂平均提前了5.1 d。结论 Roche Elecsys HIV Combi试剂盒具有良好的精密度和血清转换灵敏度,有利于筛查HIV早期感染,能为临床HIV早期诊断、随访监测提供有效的实验室诊断依据。
