The volume change behavior of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediment is essential as it influences settlement,strength,and stiffness,which directly affect the stability of hydrate reservoirs during hydrate extraction or...The volume change behavior of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediment is essential as it influences settlement,strength,and stiffness,which directly affect the stability of hydrate reservoirs during hydrate extraction or in response to environmental changes.The volume change is influenced not only by stress but also by the formation and dissociation of hydrates.This study adopted a customized apparatus for one-dimensional compression tests,allowing independent control of gas pressure and effective stress.Tests were conducted on samples with different hydrate saturations along various temperature-gas pressure-effective stress paths,yielding some conclusions related to compressibility and creep.An unusual phenomenon was observed under low-stress conditions:hydrate formation led to shrinkage rather than expansion.Three potential mechanisms behind this occurrence were discussed.As hydrate saturation increases,the yield stress rises while the compression and swelling indexes remain minimally affected.After hydrate dissociation,the compression curve of hydrate-bearing sediment drops to that of hydrate-free sediment.Once hydrate is formed,the compression curve of hydrate-free sediment gradually approaches that of hydrate-bearing sediment during the subsequent loading.Under low-stress conditions,the creep of both hydrate-free and hydrate-bearing sediments is very weak.However,when stress increases,significantly beyond the yield stress,the creep of both sediments increases significantly,with hydrate-bearing sediment exhibiting much greater creep than hydrate-free sediment.展开更多
Objectives:24-h movement behaviors(24-HMB),encompassing physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep duration,are increasingly regarded as interrelated and important factors for mental health.However,evidence on the...Objectives:24-h movement behaviors(24-HMB),encompassing physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep duration,are increasingly regarded as interrelated and important factors for mental health.However,evidence on the comprehensive association of these behaviors with mental health in adults with diabetes in developing countries remains scarce.This study examined the association between 24-HMB guidelines and psychological health among adults with diabetes in developing countries.Methods:Data were retrieved from the World Health Organization’s study on Global Aging and Adult Health Survey dataset.Adults(N=1905)diagnosed with diabetes from five low-and middle-income countries were included.The exposure of interest was adherence to 24-HMB guidelines,depression,cognition,and quality of life(QoL).Multiple logistic and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and depression,cognition,and QoL,respectively.Results:This cross-sectional study revealed that 28.61%complied with all three 24-HMB guidelines.Diabetic patients who met more numbers of 24-HMB guidelines had lower depression risk(OR=0.74,95%CI:0.61 to 0.91,p=0.004),greater cognition(β=0.42,95%CI:0.25 to 0.60,p<0.001),and QoL(β=1.30,95%CI:1.04 to 1.55,p<0.001)with the non-compliant population.For specific combinations,meeting all three guidelines were significantly associated with lower odds of depression,improved cognitive function,and enhanced QoL(all p<0.001).Conclusion:These findings support that meeting 24-HMB guidelines in a single or combined movement behaviors was significantly related to reduced risk of depression,enhanced cognitive function,and improved QoL among individuals with diabetes.展开更多
To investigate the aging mechanisms and elucidate the correlations between unstable microstructure and performance in biodegradable Zn alloys,the accelerated aging experiment was conducted on a high-performance wrough...To investigate the aging mechanisms and elucidate the correlations between unstable microstructure and performance in biodegradable Zn alloys,the accelerated aging experiment was conducted on a high-performance wrought Zn−0.1Mg alloy by annealing at 200℃ for varying durations.The findings reveal that the tensile strength of the alloy rapidly and significantly declines with prolonged annealing time,decreasing from 383 MPa for the as-received alloy to 102 MPa for the alloy subjected to 1440 min of annealing.The primary factors contributing to this considerable reduction in strength are static recrystallization,grain coarsening,and dislocation annihilation.Initially,the ductility of the alloy shows fluctuations,ultimately experiencing a marked decrease after extended annealing.This decline is linked to the grain growth and heightened texture intensity,while the unusual increase in ductility observed between 30 and 120 min of annealing is likely due to the formation of twins.In addition,due to rapid grain growth and an increase in precipitates and twins,the corrosion resistance of the alloy in Hank’s solution has worsened,with the corrosion rate rising from 0.037 to 0.069 mm/a following 300 min of annealing.展开更多
Healthy behavior has long been linked to mental health outcomes.However,the role of artificial intelligence(AI)literacy in shaping healthy behaviors and its potential impact on mental health remains underexplored.This...Healthy behavior has long been linked to mental health outcomes.However,the role of artificial intelligence(AI)literacy in shaping healthy behaviors and its potential impact on mental health remains underexplored.This paper presents a scoping review offering a novel perspective on the intersection of healthy behaviors,mental health,and AI literacy.By examining how individuals’understanding of AI influences their choices regarding nutrition and their susceptibility to mental health issues,the current study explores emerging trends in health behavior decision-making.This emphasizes the need for integrating AI literacy into mental health and health behaviors education,as well as the development of AI-driven tools to support healthier behavior choices.It highlights that individuals with low AI literacy may misinterpret or overly depend on AI guidance,resulting in maladaptive health choices,while those with high AI literacy may be more likely to engage reflectively and sustain positive behaviors.The paper outlines the importance of inclusive education,user-centered design,and community-based support systems to enhance AI literacy for digitally marginalized groups.AI literacy may be positioned as a key determinant of health equity,better allowing for interdisciplinary strategies that empower individuals to make informed,autonomous decisions that promote both physical and mental health.展开更多
Background:The phenomenon of multimorbidity in chronic diseases among the elderly is prevalent,and its significant association with depression poses a serious threat to the physical and mental health of older adults.C...Background:The phenomenon of multimorbidity in chronic diseases among the elderly is prevalent,and its significant association with depression poses a serious threat to the physical and mental health of older adults.Current research on the associations between 24-hour movement behaviors(including physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep)and depression has largely been confined to examining the effects of single behaviors,overlooking the intrinsic compositional nature and interrelationships among these behaviors.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate the integrated effects of 24-hour movement behaviors on depression in older adults with multimorbidity from a holistic,compositional perspective.Methods:From November 2024 to April 2025,a total of 226 older adult patients with multimorbidity were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Changzhou City.Data were collected using a general information questionnaire,the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form(IPAQ-SF),the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9).Compositional data analysis and isotemporal substitution models were employed for statistical analysis.Results:The mean daily durations of Light-Intensity Physical Activity(LPA),Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity(MVPA),Sedentary Behavior(SB),and Sleep(SLP)in older adults with multimorbidity were 402.48 min,12.04 min,511.52 min,and 458.68 min,respectively.The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 37.6%.Compositional data analysis revealed that SB was positively associated with depression(βSB=1.005,P=0.006),while SLP was negatively associated with depression(βSLP=−1.736,P<0.001).No statistically significant associations were found between MVPA or LPA and depression(P>0.05).In the 10-minute isotemporal substitution model,replacing SB with any other behavioral component was associated with a decrease in depression scores.Conversely,substituting SLP with either LPA or SB resulted in an increase in depression scores,while substituting SLP with MVPA led to a decrease in depression scores.The dose-response analysis revealed that,among the isotemporal substitution effects,replacing SB with SLP and replacing SLP with MVPA were the substitution pathways associated with the most rapid decline in depression scores,representing the greatest beneficial health effects.Conclusion:The prevalence of depression is notably high among older adults with multimorbidity.Reducing daily sedentary behavior(SB),maintaining adequate sleep(SLP),and increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)can improve depressive symptoms and enhance overall health in this population.展开更多
Four powder metallurgy(PM)Ni-based superalloys with different Hf and Ta contents were creep-tested at 650℃ and 970 MPa,700℃ and 770 MPa,and 750℃ and 580 MPa,respectively.The effect of Hf and Ta on creep deformation...Four powder metallurgy(PM)Ni-based superalloys with different Hf and Ta contents were creep-tested at 650℃ and 970 MPa,700℃ and 770 MPa,and 750℃ and 580 MPa,respectively.The effect of Hf and Ta on creep deformation behaviors of the superalloys was studied from multiple scales by SEM,electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD),and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope(AC-STEM).The results showed that Hf and Ta suppressed the intergranular fracture and initiation of cracks during the acceleration creep stage,which prolonged the creep rupture time.Hf and Ta inhibited the stacking faults extending and the dislocation climbing and promoted the Suzuki segregation of W during the steady-state creep stage,which reduced the minimum creep rate and delayed the start time of the acceleration creep stage.The Suzuki segregation of Co,Cr,Mo,Ti,Nb,W,and Ta along stacking faults was observed after Hf and Ta addition,leading to the localized phase transformation in the γ′phase,and the stacking fault phase was chemically disordered.This study provided ideas for the composition design of novel PM Ni-based superalloys and theoretical foundations for the combined addition of Hf and Ta.展开更多
Efficient lubrication of magnesium alloys is a highly challenging topic in the field of tribology.In this study,magnesium silicate hydroxide(MSH)nanotubes with serpentine structures were synthesized.The tribological b...Efficient lubrication of magnesium alloys is a highly challenging topic in the field of tribology.In this study,magnesium silicate hydroxide(MSH)nanotubes with serpentine structures were synthesized.The tribological behavior of AZ91D magnesium alloy rubbed against GCr15 steel was studied under lubricating oil with surface-modified MSH nanotubes as additives.The effects of the concentration,applied load,and reciprocating frequency on the friction and wear of the AZ91D alloy were studied using an SRV-4 sliding wear tester.Results show a decrease of 18.7–68.5%in friction coefficient,and a reduction of 19.4–54.3%in wear volume of magnesium alloy can be achieved by applying the synthetic serpentine additive under different conditions.A suspension containing 0.3 wt.%MSH was most efficient in reducing wear and friction.High frequency and medium load were more conducive to improving the tribological properties of magnesium alloys.A series of beneficial physical and chemical processes occurring at the AZ91D alloy/steel interface can be used to explain friction and wear reduction based on the characterization of the morphology,chemical composition,chemical state,microstructure,and nanomechanical properties of the worn surface.The synthetic MSH,with serpentine structure and nanotube morphology,possesses excellent adsorbability,high chemical activity,and good self-lubrication and catalytic activity.Therefore,physical polishing,tribochemical reactions,and physicalchemical depositions can occur easily on the sliding contacts.A dense tribolayer with a complex composition and composite structure was formed on the worn surface.Its high hardness,good toughness and plasticity,and prominent lubricity resulted in the improvement of friction and wear,making the synthetic MSH a promising efficient oil additive for magnesium alloys under boundary and mixed lubrication.展开更多
The influence of in-situ precipitation on corrosion behaviors of wire arc directed energy deposited (WADED) Al-Mg-(Sc-Zr) was studied. WADED Al-Mg showed a homogeneous microstructure with coarse equiaxed grains. WADED...The influence of in-situ precipitation on corrosion behaviors of wire arc directed energy deposited (WADED) Al-Mg-(Sc-Zr) was studied. WADED Al-Mg showed a homogeneous microstructure with coarse equiaxed grains. WADED Al-Mg-Sc-Zr exhibited fine equiaxed grains along the molten pool boundary (MPB) and inter-layer zone (ITZ) while coarse equiaxed grains were inside the molten pool. The in-situ precipitation resulted in the primary Al_(3)(Sc, Zr) aggregated along MPB and ITZ while minor-sized secondary Al_(3)(Sc, Zr) existed inside the molten pool. WADED Al-Mg-Sc-Zr showed improved electrochemical behavior than Al-Mg. WADED Al-Mg presented random pittings that occurred near dispersed β-Al_(3)Mg_(2). WADED Al-Mg-Sc-Zr exhibited pittings along MPB and ITZ, where Al_(3)(Sc, Zr) aggregated and induced galvanic corrosion. Corrosion anisotropy was obvious in Al-Mg-Sc-Zr since more MPBs and ITZs make the XOZ plane susceptive to localized corrosion.展开更多
This study aims to explore the characteristics of novice teachers’inappropriate behaviors in classroom teaching and their intervention strategies.With the continuous improvement of education quality,novice teachers f...This study aims to explore the characteristics of novice teachers’inappropriate behaviors in classroom teaching and their intervention strategies.With the continuous improvement of education quality,novice teachers face increasing challenges in teaching practice.Their inappropriate behaviors not only affect the classroom atmosphere but may also negatively impact students’learning outcomes.Therefore,researching the characteristics of novice teachers’inappropriate behaviors and their intervention strategies holds significant scientific and social value.This study employs a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the behavioral patterns of novice teachers in classroom teaching and proposes corresponding intervention strategies.The results indicate that novice teachers’inappropriate behaviors mainly manifest as poor classroom management,monotonous teaching methods,and insufficient interaction with students.Based on these findings,the study proposes a series of effective intervention strategies,including enhancing teacher training,optimizing teaching design,and promoting positive interactions between teachers and students.The conclusions of the study not only provide practical guidance for educational practice but also point out directions for future research,emphasizing the crucial role of teacher professional development in improving teaching quality.展开更多
In order to understand the influence of ordering behaviors on the thermodynamic and mechanical properties of multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs),the temperature-dependent thermodynamic properties and mechanical prop...In order to understand the influence of ordering behaviors on the thermodynamic and mechanical properties of multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs),the temperature-dependent thermodynamic properties and mechanical properties of FCC_CoNiV MPEAs were comparatively predicted,where the alloys were modeled as the ordered configurations based on our previously predicted site occupying fractions(SOFs),as well as disordered configuration based on traditional special quasi-random structure(SQS).The ordering behavior not only improves the thermodynamic stability of the structure,but also increases the elastic properties and Vickers hardness.For example,at 973 K,the predicted bulk modulus(B),shear modulus(G),Young’s modulus(E),and Vickers hardness(HV)of FCC_CoNiV MPEA based on SOFs configuration are 187.82,79.03,207.93,and 7.58 GPa,respectively,while the corresponded data are 172.58,57.45,155.14,and 4.64 GPa for the SQS configuration,respectively.The Vickers hardness predicted based on SOFs agrees considerably well with the available experimental data,while it is underestimated obviously based on SQS.展开更多
A series of true triaxial unloading tests are conducted on sandstone specimens with a single structural plane to investigate their mechanical behaviors and failure characteristics under different in situ stress states...A series of true triaxial unloading tests are conducted on sandstone specimens with a single structural plane to investigate their mechanical behaviors and failure characteristics under different in situ stress states.The experimental results indicate that the dip angle of structural plane(θ)and the intermediate principal stress(σ2)have an important influence on the peak strength,cracking mode,and rockburst severity.The peak strength exhibits a first increase and then decrease as a function ofσ2 for a constantθ.However,whenσ2 is constant,the maximum peak strength is obtained atθof 90°,and the minimum peak strength is obtained atθof 30°or 45°.For the case of an inclined structural plane,the crack type at the tips of structural plane transforms from a mix of wing and anti-wing cracks to wing cracks with an increase inσ2,while the crack type around the tips of structural plane is always anti-wing cracks for the vertical structural plane,accompanied by a series of tensile cracks besides.The specimens with structural plane do not undergo slabbing failure regardless ofθ,and always exhibit composite tensile-shear failure whatever theσ2 value is.With an increase inσ2 andθ,the intensity of the rockburst is consistent with the tendency of the peak strength.By analyzing the relationship between the cohesion(c),internal friction angle(φ),andθin sandstone specimens,we incorporateθinto the true triaxial unloading strength criterion,and propose a modified linear Mogi-Coulomb criterion.Moreover,the crack propagation mechanism at the tips of structural plane,and closure degree of the structural plane under true triaxial unloading conditions are also discussed and summarized.This study provides theoretical guidance for stability assessment of surrounding rocks containing geological structures in deep complex stress environments.展开更多
To evaluate the impact of behavioral restrictions on perinatal care caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 1976 medical institutions handling deliveries across Japan. The survey examin...To evaluate the impact of behavioral restrictions on perinatal care caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 1976 medical institutions handling deliveries across Japan. The survey examined changes in the number of antenatal checkups due to behavioral restrictions, visit restrictions at medical institutions, and the acceptance of COVID-19-infected pregnant and nursing mothers. An increased burden was observed at delivery hospitals, irrespective of whether they accepted infected pregnant and nursing mothers. Some medical institutions were unable to manage infected pregnant women and transferred them to other facilities, highlighting the need for role-sharing among institutions. The number of antenatal checkups showed a decreasing trend, indicating that the pandemic negatively affected checkup attendance. However, no clear increase in perinatal deaths was observed during the observation period, despite the reduction in the number of checkups.展开更多
Background: Hip osteoarthritis (HOA) causes joint destruction, resulting in hip pain, limited range-of-motion, claudication, and joint deformity. In the conservative treatment of HOA, self-management is important to m...Background: Hip osteoarthritis (HOA) causes joint destruction, resulting in hip pain, limited range-of-motion, claudication, and joint deformity. In the conservative treatment of HOA, self-management is important to manage symptoms and control disease progression. In a previous study, the researchers conducted a conceptual analysis of 43 foreign studies on self-management during conservative therapy for patients with HOA. The results revealed a definition of self-management during conservative therapy for patients with HOA. However, because that study analyzed only the foreign literature, it remains unclear whether the findings reflect the characteristics of the Japanese health-care delivery system, health-care insurance system, or the lifestyles and cultural characteristics of Japanese patients with HOA. Objective: We aimed to clarify the self-management behaviors of patients with HOA. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five patients diagnosed with HOA, and the results were subjected to inductive qualitative analysis. Results: Six categories of self-management behaviors were extracted for patients with HOA: [active information gathering about HOA], [personalized pain and weight management, and strategies for reducing hip joint load], [reflection on living conditions with individuals and professionals, and determination for future efforts], [continuation of exercise and weight management based on personal strengths and achievements, and mutual support with others], [coexistence with HOA while managing negative feelings], and [choosing treatment methods by trusting doctors while struggling with personal needs]. Conclusion: These findings suggest the need to develop health guidance and educational programs for patients with HOA that focus on how to prevent disease progression and cope with symptoms.展开更多
One of the core challenges faced by children with autism is repetitive motor behavior,which not only undermines their learning efficiency in the classroom but also makes it difficult for them to integrate smoothly int...One of the core challenges faced by children with autism is repetitive motor behavior,which not only undermines their learning efficiency in the classroom but also makes it difficult for them to integrate smoothly into inclusive educational settings,thereby hindering their social adaptation and overall development.This study adopted a single-case design focusing on a first-grade student with autism enrolled in a mainstream class at Xiangxue Primary School,Huangpu District,Guangzhou.Functional behavior assessment was conducted to systematically observe and analyze the student’s repetitive motor behaviors in class,on the basis of which an intervention plan was developed and implemented.The intervention incorporated antecedent control,replacement behavior training,and consequence management,supplemented by collaboration between school and family.The findings indicated that the frequency of repetitive motor behaviors decreased significantly after the intervention,while the student demonstrated improved classroom participation and peer interaction;these positive effects were maintained during the follow-up phase.The study suggests that in inclusive education settings,interventions guided by functional behavior assessment can effectively reduce problem behaviors in children with autism and enhance their classroom engagement and learning adaptability.展开更多
This study investigates the prevalence of HIV high-risk behaviors among university students in S City, Sichuan Province. Using a sampling survey method, a total of 3262 valid questionnaires were collected. Data analys...This study investigates the prevalence of HIV high-risk behaviors among university students in S City, Sichuan Province. Using a sampling survey method, a total of 3262 valid questionnaires were collected. Data analysis revealed ten significant issues related to HIV risk behaviors among university students, leading to suggested intervention strategies to address these behaviors.展开更多
The growing demand for geothermal energy exploration and deep engineering projects necessitates a deeper understanding of rock behavior under extreme thermal conditions.This study investigates the effect of thermal tr...The growing demand for geothermal energy exploration and deep engineering projects necessitates a deeper understanding of rock behavior under extreme thermal conditions.This study investigates the effect of thermal treatment on the shear behavior of sedimentary sandstone and igneous granite,which are abundant in the Earth's crust.Direct shear tests were conducted on rock joints at room temperature(RT),250℃,and 500℃.The results show that the joints in sandstone and granite exhibit improved compressive and shear strength up to a temperature threshold of 200℃–350℃,followed by significant weakening beyond this range.This study investigated key parameters,including normal and shear stiffness,maximum joint closure,peak and residual shear strengths,internal friction angle,dilation angle,and cohesion.The compressive behavior of both rock types followed a modifiedBandis's equation.The peak shear strength followed Patton's bilinear and Jaeger's nonlinear failure criteria more accurately than the Mohr–Coulomb criterion.The results of this study provide valuable insights into the temperature-dependent behavior of sandstone and granite joints under compressive and shear loads,and their interoperation was strongly dependent on the mineralogical and structural components of the two rock types.These results have advanced our understanding of the temperature-dependent behavior of rock fractures,improving the safety of underground structures under thermal effects.展开更多
The precise mathematical method was adopted to simulate the breakdown process of 5 mm rod and plate electrode gap,which was filled with supercritical nitrogen at the condition of 127 K,4 MPa and seed electron density ...The precise mathematical method was adopted to simulate the breakdown process of 5 mm rod and plate electrode gap,which was filled with supercritical nitrogen at the condition of 127 K,4 MPa and seed electron density 1×10^(6) m^(-3) under 29 kV DC voltage.The result shows that the discharge process was completed within 11.8 ns from seed electron triggering,avalanche bulking to streamer extending until gap eventually breakdown.The entire gap breakdown process was divided into three discharge stages,namely,the initial discharge triggered(0-4 ns),avalanche(4-7 ns)and streamer phase(7-11.8 ns).At the same time,the facts were also revealed that the discharge evolution,electric field distribution,and electron density had different values,and also showed different temporal and spatial distribution characteristics along the axis of the discharge gap.Specifically,the discharge characteristics of SCN2 under 1,2,3,4,4.5,and 5 MPa at 127 K were theoretically analyzed respectively,and the microscopic mechanisms of the breakdown process were also detailed.The results indicate that the gas discharge law remained applicable within the 1-3 MPa range.However,the discharge characteristics of supercritical nitrogen at 3.4-5 MPa differed significantly from those at lower pressures,likely attributable to the unique state of matter exhibited by supercritical nitrogen.This study contributes to understanding the discharge mechanism of supercritical nitrogen and offers theoretical guidance for its practical application in the power industry.展开更多
Unlike traditional literature where animals are often portrayed allegorically as mere symbols,in Pulitzer Prize winner Jane Smiley’s The Horses of Oak Valley Ranch series,the portrayal of horses underscores their dis...Unlike traditional literature where animals are often portrayed allegorically as mere symbols,in Pulitzer Prize winner Jane Smiley’s The Horses of Oak Valley Ranch series,the portrayal of horses underscores their distinct individuality and autonomy.Focusing on three novels in the series-A Good Horse,True Blue,and Pie in the Sky,this paper analyzes how Smiley crafts a narrative that resists anthropocentrism and validates the subjectivity of nonhuman animals.By examining the unique reactions of horses in various situations,such as their differing facial expressions before a jump,their various responses to feeding and grooming,and their individualistic moving behaviors,this study reveals how Smiley highlights the psychological and physical diversity within a single species.The horses’individual traits are portrayed not as mere animal instinct but as conscious,intentional responses that signify their agency.Drawing on Marc Bekoff’s defense of animal individuality,Val Plumwood’s condemnation of anthropocentrism,and Cynthia Willett’s critique of speciesism,the paper argues that Smiley’s representation of equine individualistic behaviors is an affirmation of the inherent subjectivity of animals.Through these detailed descriptions,Smiley challenges the Cartesian notion of animals as mere automatons and encourages readers to recognize animals as complex individuals.Ultimately,this study emphasizes the significance of acknowledging animal subjectivity in fostering a more ethical and harmonious human-animal relationship.展开更多
This study focuses on the design and validation of a behavior classification system for cattle using behavioral data collected through accelerometer sensors.Data collection and behavioral analysis are achieved using m...This study focuses on the design and validation of a behavior classification system for cattle using behavioral data collected through accelerometer sensors.Data collection and behavioral analysis are achieved using machine learning(ML)algorithms through accelerometer sensors.However,behavioral analysis poses challenges due to the complexity of cow activities.The task becomes more challenging in a real-time behavioral analysis system with the requirement for shorter data windows and energy constraints.Shorter windows may lack sufficient information,reducing algorithm performance.Additionally,the sensor’s position on the cowsmay shift during practical use,altering the collected accelerometer data.This study addresses these challenges by employing a 3-s data window to analyze cow behaviors,specifically Feeding,Lying,Standing,and Walking.Data synchronization between accelerometer sensors placed on the neck and leg compensates for the lack of information in short data windows.Features such as the Vector of Dynamic Body Acceleration(VeDBA),Mean,Variance,and Kurtosis are utilized alongside the Decision Tree(DT)algorithm to address energy efficiency and ensure computational effectiveness.This study also evaluates the impact of sensor misalignment on behavior classification.Simulated datasets with varying levels of sensor misalignment were created,and the system’s classification accuracy exceeded 0.95 for the four behaviors across all datasets(including original and simulated misalignment datasets).Sensitivity(Sen)and PPV for all datasets were above 0.9.The study provides farmers and the dairy industry with a practical,energy-efficient system for continuously monitoring cattle behavior to enhance herd productivity while reducing labor costs.展开更多
Based on a new bilinear equation,we investigated some new dynamic behaviors of the(2+1)-dimensional shallow water wave model,such as hybridization behavior between different solitons,trajectory equations for lump coll...Based on a new bilinear equation,we investigated some new dynamic behaviors of the(2+1)-dimensional shallow water wave model,such as hybridization behavior between different solitons,trajectory equations for lump collisions,and evolution behavior of multi-breathers.Firstly,the N-soliton solution of Ito equation is studied,and some high-order breather waves can be obtained from the N-soliton solutions through paired-complexification of parameters.Secondly,the high-order lump solutions and the hybrid solutions are obtained by employing the long-wave limit method,and the motion velocity and trajectory equations of high-order lump waves are analyzed.Moreover,based on the trajectory equations of the higher-order lump solutions,we give and prove the trajectory theorem of 1-lump before and after interaction with nsoliton.Finally,we obtain some new lump solutions from the multi-solitons by constructing a new test function and using the parameter limit method.Meanwhile,some evolutionary behaviors of the obtained solutions are shown through a large number of three-dimensional graphs with different and appropriate parameters.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42171135)the Science and Technology Program of CNOOC Research Institute(Grant No.2023OTKK03)the“CUG Scholar”Scientific Research Funds at China University of Geosciences(Project No.2022098).
文摘The volume change behavior of natural gas hydrate-bearing sediment is essential as it influences settlement,strength,and stiffness,which directly affect the stability of hydrate reservoirs during hydrate extraction or in response to environmental changes.The volume change is influenced not only by stress but also by the formation and dissociation of hydrates.This study adopted a customized apparatus for one-dimensional compression tests,allowing independent control of gas pressure and effective stress.Tests were conducted on samples with different hydrate saturations along various temperature-gas pressure-effective stress paths,yielding some conclusions related to compressibility and creep.An unusual phenomenon was observed under low-stress conditions:hydrate formation led to shrinkage rather than expansion.Three potential mechanisms behind this occurrence were discussed.As hydrate saturation increases,the yield stress rises while the compression and swelling indexes remain minimally affected.After hydrate dissociation,the compression curve of hydrate-bearing sediment drops to that of hydrate-free sediment.Once hydrate is formed,the compression curve of hydrate-free sediment gradually approaches that of hydrate-bearing sediment during the subsequent loading.Under low-stress conditions,the creep of both hydrate-free and hydrate-bearing sediments is very weak.However,when stress increases,significantly beyond the yield stress,the creep of both sediments increases significantly,with hydrate-bearing sediment exhibiting much greater creep than hydrate-free sediment.
文摘Objectives:24-h movement behaviors(24-HMB),encompassing physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep duration,are increasingly regarded as interrelated and important factors for mental health.However,evidence on the comprehensive association of these behaviors with mental health in adults with diabetes in developing countries remains scarce.This study examined the association between 24-HMB guidelines and psychological health among adults with diabetes in developing countries.Methods:Data were retrieved from the World Health Organization’s study on Global Aging and Adult Health Survey dataset.Adults(N=1905)diagnosed with diabetes from five low-and middle-income countries were included.The exposure of interest was adherence to 24-HMB guidelines,depression,cognition,and quality of life(QoL).Multiple logistic and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and depression,cognition,and QoL,respectively.Results:This cross-sectional study revealed that 28.61%complied with all three 24-HMB guidelines.Diabetic patients who met more numbers of 24-HMB guidelines had lower depression risk(OR=0.74,95%CI:0.61 to 0.91,p=0.004),greater cognition(β=0.42,95%CI:0.25 to 0.60,p<0.001),and QoL(β=1.30,95%CI:1.04 to 1.55,p<0.001)with the non-compliant population.For specific combinations,meeting all three guidelines were significantly associated with lower odds of depression,improved cognitive function,and enhanced QoL(all p<0.001).Conclusion:These findings support that meeting 24-HMB guidelines in a single or combined movement behaviors was significantly related to reduced risk of depression,enhanced cognitive function,and improved QoL among individuals with diabetes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52271101)Suzhou Science and Technology Project,China(Nos.SYG202312,SJC2023005,SZS2023023)+1 种基金Nanjing Major Science and Technology Project,China(No.202309015)the Opening Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology,China(No.ASMA202305)。
文摘To investigate the aging mechanisms and elucidate the correlations between unstable microstructure and performance in biodegradable Zn alloys,the accelerated aging experiment was conducted on a high-performance wrought Zn−0.1Mg alloy by annealing at 200℃ for varying durations.The findings reveal that the tensile strength of the alloy rapidly and significantly declines with prolonged annealing time,decreasing from 383 MPa for the as-received alloy to 102 MPa for the alloy subjected to 1440 min of annealing.The primary factors contributing to this considerable reduction in strength are static recrystallization,grain coarsening,and dislocation annihilation.Initially,the ductility of the alloy shows fluctuations,ultimately experiencing a marked decrease after extended annealing.This decline is linked to the grain growth and heightened texture intensity,while the unusual increase in ductility observed between 30 and 120 min of annealing is likely due to the formation of twins.In addition,due to rapid grain growth and an increase in precipitates and twins,the corrosion resistance of the alloy in Hank’s solution has worsened,with the corrosion rate rising from 0.037 to 0.069 mm/a following 300 min of annealing.
文摘Healthy behavior has long been linked to mental health outcomes.However,the role of artificial intelligence(AI)literacy in shaping healthy behaviors and its potential impact on mental health remains underexplored.This paper presents a scoping review offering a novel perspective on the intersection of healthy behaviors,mental health,and AI literacy.By examining how individuals’understanding of AI influences their choices regarding nutrition and their susceptibility to mental health issues,the current study explores emerging trends in health behavior decision-making.This emphasizes the need for integrating AI literacy into mental health and health behaviors education,as well as the development of AI-driven tools to support healthier behavior choices.It highlights that individuals with low AI literacy may misinterpret or overly depend on AI guidance,resulting in maladaptive health choices,while those with high AI literacy may be more likely to engage reflectively and sustain positive behaviors.The paper outlines the importance of inclusive education,user-centered design,and community-based support systems to enhance AI literacy for digitally marginalized groups.AI literacy may be positioned as a key determinant of health equity,better allowing for interdisciplinary strategies that empower individuals to make informed,autonomous decisions that promote both physical and mental health.
基金supported by the 2025 Jiangsu Province Graduate Student Practice Innovation Program(No.SJCX25_1696)the 2024 Changzhou University Educational Research Project(No.GJY2024009).
文摘Background:The phenomenon of multimorbidity in chronic diseases among the elderly is prevalent,and its significant association with depression poses a serious threat to the physical and mental health of older adults.Current research on the associations between 24-hour movement behaviors(including physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep)and depression has largely been confined to examining the effects of single behaviors,overlooking the intrinsic compositional nature and interrelationships among these behaviors.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate the integrated effects of 24-hour movement behaviors on depression in older adults with multimorbidity from a holistic,compositional perspective.Methods:From November 2024 to April 2025,a total of 226 older adult patients with multimorbidity were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Changzhou City.Data were collected using a general information questionnaire,the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form(IPAQ-SF),the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9).Compositional data analysis and isotemporal substitution models were employed for statistical analysis.Results:The mean daily durations of Light-Intensity Physical Activity(LPA),Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity(MVPA),Sedentary Behavior(SB),and Sleep(SLP)in older adults with multimorbidity were 402.48 min,12.04 min,511.52 min,and 458.68 min,respectively.The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 37.6%.Compositional data analysis revealed that SB was positively associated with depression(βSB=1.005,P=0.006),while SLP was negatively associated with depression(βSLP=−1.736,P<0.001).No statistically significant associations were found between MVPA or LPA and depression(P>0.05).In the 10-minute isotemporal substitution model,replacing SB with any other behavioral component was associated with a decrease in depression scores.Conversely,substituting SLP with either LPA or SB resulted in an increase in depression scores,while substituting SLP with MVPA led to a decrease in depression scores.The dose-response analysis revealed that,among the isotemporal substitution effects,replacing SB with SLP and replacing SLP with MVPA were the substitution pathways associated with the most rapid decline in depression scores,representing the greatest beneficial health effects.Conclusion:The prevalence of depression is notably high among older adults with multimorbidity.Reducing daily sedentary behavior(SB),maintaining adequate sleep(SLP),and increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)can improve depressive symptoms and enhance overall health in this population.
基金financially supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2017-Ⅵ-0008-0078)。
文摘Four powder metallurgy(PM)Ni-based superalloys with different Hf and Ta contents were creep-tested at 650℃ and 970 MPa,700℃ and 770 MPa,and 750℃ and 580 MPa,respectively.The effect of Hf and Ta on creep deformation behaviors of the superalloys was studied from multiple scales by SEM,electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD),and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope(AC-STEM).The results showed that Hf and Ta suppressed the intergranular fracture and initiation of cracks during the acceleration creep stage,which prolonged the creep rupture time.Hf and Ta inhibited the stacking faults extending and the dislocation climbing and promoted the Suzuki segregation of W during the steady-state creep stage,which reduced the minimum creep rate and delayed the start time of the acceleration creep stage.The Suzuki segregation of Co,Cr,Mo,Ti,Nb,W,and Ta along stacking faults was observed after Hf and Ta addition,leading to the localized phase transformation in the γ′phase,and the stacking fault phase was chemically disordered.This study provided ideas for the composition design of novel PM Ni-based superalloys and theoretical foundations for the combined addition of Hf and Ta.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 52075544)Innovation Funds of Jihua Laboratory(X220971UZ230)+1 种基金Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(2022A1515110649)Funds from Research Platforms of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes(2022ZDJS038).
文摘Efficient lubrication of magnesium alloys is a highly challenging topic in the field of tribology.In this study,magnesium silicate hydroxide(MSH)nanotubes with serpentine structures were synthesized.The tribological behavior of AZ91D magnesium alloy rubbed against GCr15 steel was studied under lubricating oil with surface-modified MSH nanotubes as additives.The effects of the concentration,applied load,and reciprocating frequency on the friction and wear of the AZ91D alloy were studied using an SRV-4 sliding wear tester.Results show a decrease of 18.7–68.5%in friction coefficient,and a reduction of 19.4–54.3%in wear volume of magnesium alloy can be achieved by applying the synthetic serpentine additive under different conditions.A suspension containing 0.3 wt.%MSH was most efficient in reducing wear and friction.High frequency and medium load were more conducive to improving the tribological properties of magnesium alloys.A series of beneficial physical and chemical processes occurring at the AZ91D alloy/steel interface can be used to explain friction and wear reduction based on the characterization of the morphology,chemical composition,chemical state,microstructure,and nanomechanical properties of the worn surface.The synthetic MSH,with serpentine structure and nanotube morphology,possesses excellent adsorbability,high chemical activity,and good self-lubrication and catalytic activity.Therefore,physical polishing,tribochemical reactions,and physicalchemical depositions can occur easily on the sliding contacts.A dense tribolayer with a complex composition and composite structure was formed on the worn surface.Its high hardness,good toughness and plasticity,and prominent lubricity resulted in the improvement of friction and wear,making the synthetic MSH a promising efficient oil additive for magnesium alloys under boundary and mixed lubrication.
基金supported by the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.52105315,U20B2031,52075022,52075024,and 52175283)the Natural Science Founda-tion of Beijing Municipality(grant Nos.L248031 and3222013)+1 种基金the State Key Lab of Advanced Welding and Joining,Harbin Institute of Technology(No.AWJ-24M05)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.JKF-20240264 andYWF-22-L-607).
文摘The influence of in-situ precipitation on corrosion behaviors of wire arc directed energy deposited (WADED) Al-Mg-(Sc-Zr) was studied. WADED Al-Mg showed a homogeneous microstructure with coarse equiaxed grains. WADED Al-Mg-Sc-Zr exhibited fine equiaxed grains along the molten pool boundary (MPB) and inter-layer zone (ITZ) while coarse equiaxed grains were inside the molten pool. The in-situ precipitation resulted in the primary Al_(3)(Sc, Zr) aggregated along MPB and ITZ while minor-sized secondary Al_(3)(Sc, Zr) existed inside the molten pool. WADED Al-Mg-Sc-Zr showed improved electrochemical behavior than Al-Mg. WADED Al-Mg presented random pittings that occurred near dispersed β-Al_(3)Mg_(2). WADED Al-Mg-Sc-Zr exhibited pittings along MPB and ITZ, where Al_(3)(Sc, Zr) aggregated and induced galvanic corrosion. Corrosion anisotropy was obvious in Al-Mg-Sc-Zr since more MPBs and ITZs make the XOZ plane susceptive to localized corrosion.
文摘This study aims to explore the characteristics of novice teachers’inappropriate behaviors in classroom teaching and their intervention strategies.With the continuous improvement of education quality,novice teachers face increasing challenges in teaching practice.Their inappropriate behaviors not only affect the classroom atmosphere but may also negatively impact students’learning outcomes.Therefore,researching the characteristics of novice teachers’inappropriate behaviors and their intervention strategies holds significant scientific and social value.This study employs a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the behavioral patterns of novice teachers in classroom teaching and proposes corresponding intervention strategies.The results indicate that novice teachers’inappropriate behaviors mainly manifest as poor classroom management,monotonous teaching methods,and insufficient interaction with students.Based on these findings,the study proposes a series of effective intervention strategies,including enhancing teacher training,optimizing teaching design,and promoting positive interactions between teachers and students.The conclusions of the study not only provide practical guidance for educational practice but also point out directions for future research,emphasizing the crucial role of teacher professional development in improving teaching quality.
基金financially supported by the State Administration for Market Regulation,China(No.2021MK050)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.50971043,51171046,21973012)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFB3807200,CISRI-21T62450ZD)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(Nos.2021J01590,2020J01351,2018J01754,2020J01474)the Student Research and Training Program(SRTP) of Fuzhou University,China(No.29320)Fujian Provincial Department of Science & Technology,China(No.2021H6011)。
文摘In order to understand the influence of ordering behaviors on the thermodynamic and mechanical properties of multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs),the temperature-dependent thermodynamic properties and mechanical properties of FCC_CoNiV MPEAs were comparatively predicted,where the alloys were modeled as the ordered configurations based on our previously predicted site occupying fractions(SOFs),as well as disordered configuration based on traditional special quasi-random structure(SQS).The ordering behavior not only improves the thermodynamic stability of the structure,but also increases the elastic properties and Vickers hardness.For example,at 973 K,the predicted bulk modulus(B),shear modulus(G),Young’s modulus(E),and Vickers hardness(HV)of FCC_CoNiV MPEA based on SOFs configuration are 187.82,79.03,207.93,and 7.58 GPa,respectively,while the corresponded data are 172.58,57.45,155.14,and 4.64 GPa for the SQS configuration,respectively.The Vickers hardness predicted based on SOFs agrees considerably well with the available experimental data,while it is underestimated obviously based on SQS.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.52004143 and 52374095)the open fund for the Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines (Grant No.SKLMRDPC21KF06).
文摘A series of true triaxial unloading tests are conducted on sandstone specimens with a single structural plane to investigate their mechanical behaviors and failure characteristics under different in situ stress states.The experimental results indicate that the dip angle of structural plane(θ)and the intermediate principal stress(σ2)have an important influence on the peak strength,cracking mode,and rockburst severity.The peak strength exhibits a first increase and then decrease as a function ofσ2 for a constantθ.However,whenσ2 is constant,the maximum peak strength is obtained atθof 90°,and the minimum peak strength is obtained atθof 30°or 45°.For the case of an inclined structural plane,the crack type at the tips of structural plane transforms from a mix of wing and anti-wing cracks to wing cracks with an increase inσ2,while the crack type around the tips of structural plane is always anti-wing cracks for the vertical structural plane,accompanied by a series of tensile cracks besides.The specimens with structural plane do not undergo slabbing failure regardless ofθ,and always exhibit composite tensile-shear failure whatever theσ2 value is.With an increase inσ2 andθ,the intensity of the rockburst is consistent with the tendency of the peak strength.By analyzing the relationship between the cohesion(c),internal friction angle(φ),andθin sandstone specimens,we incorporateθinto the true triaxial unloading strength criterion,and propose a modified linear Mogi-Coulomb criterion.Moreover,the crack propagation mechanism at the tips of structural plane,and closure degree of the structural plane under true triaxial unloading conditions are also discussed and summarized.This study provides theoretical guidance for stability assessment of surrounding rocks containing geological structures in deep complex stress environments.
文摘To evaluate the impact of behavioral restrictions on perinatal care caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 1976 medical institutions handling deliveries across Japan. The survey examined changes in the number of antenatal checkups due to behavioral restrictions, visit restrictions at medical institutions, and the acceptance of COVID-19-infected pregnant and nursing mothers. An increased burden was observed at delivery hospitals, irrespective of whether they accepted infected pregnant and nursing mothers. Some medical institutions were unable to manage infected pregnant women and transferred them to other facilities, highlighting the need for role-sharing among institutions. The number of antenatal checkups showed a decreasing trend, indicating that the pandemic negatively affected checkup attendance. However, no clear increase in perinatal deaths was observed during the observation period, despite the reduction in the number of checkups.
文摘Background: Hip osteoarthritis (HOA) causes joint destruction, resulting in hip pain, limited range-of-motion, claudication, and joint deformity. In the conservative treatment of HOA, self-management is important to manage symptoms and control disease progression. In a previous study, the researchers conducted a conceptual analysis of 43 foreign studies on self-management during conservative therapy for patients with HOA. The results revealed a definition of self-management during conservative therapy for patients with HOA. However, because that study analyzed only the foreign literature, it remains unclear whether the findings reflect the characteristics of the Japanese health-care delivery system, health-care insurance system, or the lifestyles and cultural characteristics of Japanese patients with HOA. Objective: We aimed to clarify the self-management behaviors of patients with HOA. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five patients diagnosed with HOA, and the results were subjected to inductive qualitative analysis. Results: Six categories of self-management behaviors were extracted for patients with HOA: [active information gathering about HOA], [personalized pain and weight management, and strategies for reducing hip joint load], [reflection on living conditions with individuals and professionals, and determination for future efforts], [continuation of exercise and weight management based on personal strengths and achievements, and mutual support with others], [coexistence with HOA while managing negative feelings], and [choosing treatment methods by trusting doctors while struggling with personal needs]. Conclusion: These findings suggest the need to develop health guidance and educational programs for patients with HOA that focus on how to prevent disease progression and cope with symptoms.
文摘One of the core challenges faced by children with autism is repetitive motor behavior,which not only undermines their learning efficiency in the classroom but also makes it difficult for them to integrate smoothly into inclusive educational settings,thereby hindering their social adaptation and overall development.This study adopted a single-case design focusing on a first-grade student with autism enrolled in a mainstream class at Xiangxue Primary School,Huangpu District,Guangzhou.Functional behavior assessment was conducted to systematically observe and analyze the student’s repetitive motor behaviors in class,on the basis of which an intervention plan was developed and implemented.The intervention incorporated antecedent control,replacement behavior training,and consequence management,supplemented by collaboration between school and family.The findings indicated that the frequency of repetitive motor behaviors decreased significantly after the intervention,while the student demonstrated improved classroom participation and peer interaction;these positive effects were maintained during the follow-up phase.The study suggests that in inclusive education settings,interventions guided by functional behavior assessment can effectively reduce problem behaviors in children with autism and enhance their classroom engagement and learning adaptability.
文摘This study investigates the prevalence of HIV high-risk behaviors among university students in S City, Sichuan Province. Using a sampling survey method, a total of 3262 valid questionnaires were collected. Data analysis revealed ten significant issues related to HIV risk behaviors among university students, leading to suggested intervention strategies to address these behaviors.
基金the ORSP at Abu Dhabi University,UAE,for funding this project(Grant No.19300751).
文摘The growing demand for geothermal energy exploration and deep engineering projects necessitates a deeper understanding of rock behavior under extreme thermal conditions.This study investigates the effect of thermal treatment on the shear behavior of sedimentary sandstone and igneous granite,which are abundant in the Earth's crust.Direct shear tests were conducted on rock joints at room temperature(RT),250℃,and 500℃.The results show that the joints in sandstone and granite exhibit improved compressive and shear strength up to a temperature threshold of 200℃–350℃,followed by significant weakening beyond this range.This study investigated key parameters,including normal and shear stiffness,maximum joint closure,peak and residual shear strengths,internal friction angle,dilation angle,and cohesion.The compressive behavior of both rock types followed a modifiedBandis's equation.The peak shear strength followed Patton's bilinear and Jaeger's nonlinear failure criteria more accurately than the Mohr–Coulomb criterion.The results of this study provide valuable insights into the temperature-dependent behavior of sandstone and granite joints under compressive and shear loads,and their interoperation was strongly dependent on the mineralogical and structural components of the two rock types.These results have advanced our understanding of the temperature-dependent behavior of rock fractures,improving the safety of underground structures under thermal effects.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51077032).
文摘The precise mathematical method was adopted to simulate the breakdown process of 5 mm rod and plate electrode gap,which was filled with supercritical nitrogen at the condition of 127 K,4 MPa and seed electron density 1×10^(6) m^(-3) under 29 kV DC voltage.The result shows that the discharge process was completed within 11.8 ns from seed electron triggering,avalanche bulking to streamer extending until gap eventually breakdown.The entire gap breakdown process was divided into three discharge stages,namely,the initial discharge triggered(0-4 ns),avalanche(4-7 ns)and streamer phase(7-11.8 ns).At the same time,the facts were also revealed that the discharge evolution,electric field distribution,and electron density had different values,and also showed different temporal and spatial distribution characteristics along the axis of the discharge gap.Specifically,the discharge characteristics of SCN2 under 1,2,3,4,4.5,and 5 MPa at 127 K were theoretically analyzed respectively,and the microscopic mechanisms of the breakdown process were also detailed.The results indicate that the gas discharge law remained applicable within the 1-3 MPa range.However,the discharge characteristics of supercritical nitrogen at 3.4-5 MPa differed significantly from those at lower pressures,likely attributable to the unique state of matter exhibited by supercritical nitrogen.This study contributes to understanding the discharge mechanism of supercritical nitrogen and offers theoretical guidance for its practical application in the power industry.
文摘Unlike traditional literature where animals are often portrayed allegorically as mere symbols,in Pulitzer Prize winner Jane Smiley’s The Horses of Oak Valley Ranch series,the portrayal of horses underscores their distinct individuality and autonomy.Focusing on three novels in the series-A Good Horse,True Blue,and Pie in the Sky,this paper analyzes how Smiley crafts a narrative that resists anthropocentrism and validates the subjectivity of nonhuman animals.By examining the unique reactions of horses in various situations,such as their differing facial expressions before a jump,their various responses to feeding and grooming,and their individualistic moving behaviors,this study reveals how Smiley highlights the psychological and physical diversity within a single species.The horses’individual traits are portrayed not as mere animal instinct but as conscious,intentional responses that signify their agency.Drawing on Marc Bekoff’s defense of animal individuality,Val Plumwood’s condemnation of anthropocentrism,and Cynthia Willett’s critique of speciesism,the paper argues that Smiley’s representation of equine individualistic behaviors is an affirmation of the inherent subjectivity of animals.Through these detailed descriptions,Smiley challenges the Cartesian notion of animals as mere automatons and encourages readers to recognize animals as complex individuals.Ultimately,this study emphasizes the significance of acknowledging animal subjectivity in fostering a more ethical and harmonious human-animal relationship.
基金funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development(NAFOSTED)under grant number:02/2022/TN.
文摘This study focuses on the design and validation of a behavior classification system for cattle using behavioral data collected through accelerometer sensors.Data collection and behavioral analysis are achieved using machine learning(ML)algorithms through accelerometer sensors.However,behavioral analysis poses challenges due to the complexity of cow activities.The task becomes more challenging in a real-time behavioral analysis system with the requirement for shorter data windows and energy constraints.Shorter windows may lack sufficient information,reducing algorithm performance.Additionally,the sensor’s position on the cowsmay shift during practical use,altering the collected accelerometer data.This study addresses these challenges by employing a 3-s data window to analyze cow behaviors,specifically Feeding,Lying,Standing,and Walking.Data synchronization between accelerometer sensors placed on the neck and leg compensates for the lack of information in short data windows.Features such as the Vector of Dynamic Body Acceleration(VeDBA),Mean,Variance,and Kurtosis are utilized alongside the Decision Tree(DT)algorithm to address energy efficiency and ensure computational effectiveness.This study also evaluates the impact of sensor misalignment on behavior classification.Simulated datasets with varying levels of sensor misalignment were created,and the system’s classification accuracy exceeded 0.95 for the four behaviors across all datasets(including original and simulated misalignment datasets).Sensitivity(Sen)and PPV for all datasets were above 0.9.The study provides farmers and the dairy industry with a practical,energy-efficient system for continuously monitoring cattle behavior to enhance herd productivity while reducing labor costs.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12461047)the Scientific Research Project of the Hunan Education Department(Grant No.24B0478).
文摘Based on a new bilinear equation,we investigated some new dynamic behaviors of the(2+1)-dimensional shallow water wave model,such as hybridization behavior between different solitons,trajectory equations for lump collisions,and evolution behavior of multi-breathers.Firstly,the N-soliton solution of Ito equation is studied,and some high-order breather waves can be obtained from the N-soliton solutions through paired-complexification of parameters.Secondly,the high-order lump solutions and the hybrid solutions are obtained by employing the long-wave limit method,and the motion velocity and trajectory equations of high-order lump waves are analyzed.Moreover,based on the trajectory equations of the higher-order lump solutions,we give and prove the trajectory theorem of 1-lump before and after interaction with nsoliton.Finally,we obtain some new lump solutions from the multi-solitons by constructing a new test function and using the parameter limit method.Meanwhile,some evolutionary behaviors of the obtained solutions are shown through a large number of three-dimensional graphs with different and appropriate parameters.
