Fear memory is crucial for survival and adaptation in complex and dynamically changing environments that enables individuals to avoid or escape from potentially dangerous situations.However,excessive fear memories can...Fear memory is crucial for survival and adaptation in complex and dynamically changing environments that enables individuals to avoid or escape from potentially dangerous situations.However,excessive fear memories can significantly contribute to emotional disabilities and mental disorders,including panic disorder,phobias,social anxiety disorder,and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD).展开更多
Bacillus subtilis JZXJ-7 isolated from shrimp paste can significantly degrade histamine under salt stress but the mechanism is unclear.This study aims to evaluate the effect of 170 and 340 mmol/L Na Cl on B.subtilis J...Bacillus subtilis JZXJ-7 isolated from shrimp paste can significantly degrade histamine under salt stress but the mechanism is unclear.This study aims to evaluate the effect of 170 and 340 mmol/L Na Cl on B.subtilis JZXJ-7 growth,histamine degradation,antioxidant enzymes(catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione S-transferase(GST))activities and Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase activity.Furthermore,comparative metabolomics was used to investigate histamine biodegradation mechanism by B.subtilis JZXJ-7 subjected to salt stress.Both 170 and 340 mmol/L Na Cl promoted B.subtilis JZXJ-7 growth in late stages of reproduction(32-48 h),increased h istamine degradation rate by 64.85%and 79.87%(P<0.05),Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase activity to 6.28(P<0.05)and 11.63 U/mg(P<0.01)respectively.N a Cl treatment significantly increased the activities of CAT,GST and SOD(P<0.05),a mino acids and its metabolites(33.39%),benzene and substituted derivatives(12.05%),heterocyclic compounds(10.62%),organic acids and derivatives(9.75%),aldehydes,ketones,esters(5.59%)and nucleotides and its metabolites(4.58%).Metabolite set enrichment analysis revealed Na Cl induced differential metabolic pathways of D-glutamine,D-glutamate,L-arginine,L-proline,histidine and glycerophospholipids,L-lysine degradation,and aminoacyl-t RNA biosynthesis.Exposure to 340 mmol/L Na Cl up-regulated carbohydrate,glutathione and glycerophospholipid metabolism.The new insights into the mechanism of salt stress to promote B.subtilis JZJX-7 growth,energy metabolic pathways and to degrade histamine provide the theoretical basis for application of B.subtilis JZXJ-7 in food fermentation industry.展开更多
The ventral anterior (VA) nucleus of the thalamus is a major target of the basal ganglia and is closely associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Notably, the VA receives direct innervation from t...The ventral anterior (VA) nucleus of the thalamus is a major target of the basal ganglia and is closely associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Notably, the VA receives direct innervation from the hypothalamic histaminergic system. However, its role in PD remains unknown. Here, we assessed the contribution of histamine to VA neuronal activity and PD motor deficits. Functional magnetic resonance imaging showed reduced VA activity in PD patients. Optogenetic activation of VA neurons or histaminergic afferents significantly alleviated motor deficits in 6-OHDA-induced PD rats. Furthermore, histamine excited VA neurons via H1 and H2 receptors and their coupled hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, inward-rectifier K^(+) channels, or Ca^(2+)-activated K+ channels. These results demonstrate that histaminergic afferents actively compensate for Parkinsonian motor deficits by biasing VA activity. These findings suggest that targeting VA histamine receptors and downstream ion channels may be a potential therapeutic strategy for PD motor dysfunction.展开更多
Histamine(HA)is a biogenic amine formed during the metabolism of microorganisms,excessive intake of which can cause headache,diarrhea,and,in severe cases,food poisoning.The commonly used instrumental detection methods...Histamine(HA)is a biogenic amine formed during the metabolism of microorganisms,excessive intake of which can cause headache,diarrhea,and,in severe cases,food poisoning.The commonly used instrumental detection methods are expensive and time-consuming,making it challenging to realize on-site inspection.In this work,we reported a colorimetric test strip-based detection method for HA by chemical recognition of the amine and imidazole groups of HA.Polydopamine-coated gold nanoparticles that were modified with carboxyl group-terminated polyethylene glycol(Au@PDA-C NPs)were utilized as labels to capture HA through the N-hydroxysuccinimide/1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride(NHS/EDC)reaction between HA and the carboxyl group of the Au@PDA-C NPs.The chelate from nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA)and Cu^(2+)at the T-line could then specifically bind the imidazole moiety of HA in the complex of HA and Au@PDA-C NPs,enabling the T-line to present the colorimetric characteristics of Au@PDA-C NPs.The gray value of the T-line in the test strip showed a good linear relationship with the HA concentration in the range of 0–100μg/m L,with the standard curve equation of Y=27.94X+463.0 and the correlation coefficient of R^(2)=0.944.The detection limit and quantification limit of HA were 1.16μg/m L(signal-to-noise ratio(S/N)=3)and 3.88μg/m L(S/N=10),respectively.The two-site chemical recognition method could also achieve specific detection of HA in commercially available samples,showing potential application as an on-site analysis tool for HA.展开更多
Herein,a novel interference-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)strategy based on magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs)and aptamer-driven assemblies was proposed for the ultrasensitive detection of histamine.A core-s...Herein,a novel interference-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)strategy based on magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs)and aptamer-driven assemblies was proposed for the ultrasensitive detection of histamine.A core-satellite SERS aptasensor was constructed by combining aptamer-decorated Fe_(3)O_(4)@Au MNPs(as the recognize probe for histamine)and complementary DNA-modified silver nanoparticles carrying 4-mercaptobenzonitrile(4-MBN)(Ag@4-MBN@Ag-c-DNA)as the SERS signal probe for the indirect detection of histamine.Under an applied magnetic field in the absence of histamine,the assembly gave an intense Raman signal at“Raman biological-silent”region due to 4-MBN.In the presence of histamine,the Ag@4-MBN@Ag-c-DNA SERS-tag was released from the Fe_(3)O_(4)@Au MNPs,thus decreasing the SERS signal.Under optimal conditions,an ultra-low limit of detection of 0.65×10^(-3)ng/mL and a linear range 10^(-2)-10^5 ng/mL on the SERS aptasensor were obtained.The histamine content in four food samples were analyzed using the SERS aptasensor,with the results consistent with those determined by high performance liquid chromatography.The present work highlights the merits of indirect strategies for the ultrasensitive and highly selective SERS detection of small biological molecules in complex matrices.展开更多
Histamine in food has attracted widespread attention due to the potential toxicity and associated health risk.However,its influences on immunological components,especially the function of key immune cells,are still po...Histamine in food has attracted widespread attention due to the potential toxicity and associated health risk.However,its influences on immunological components,especially the function of key immune cells,are still poorly known.In this work,we explored the effects of exogenous histamine on the function of key immune cells such as intestinal epithelial cells,dendritic cells,and T cells.The results showed that histamine could affect the expression of allergy-related genes in CMT93 cells at a high dose of histamine.Moreover,it’s found that histamine could cause an imbalance in the levels of relevant immune factors secreted by dendritic cells and T cells,especially those related to allergy.At the same time,the proportion of MHC class IIpositive dendritic cells and the proportion of T helper 2(Th2)cells in CD4^(+)T cells increased after histamine stimulation.We concluded that the presence of a certain level of histamine in food may affect the expression of allergy-related cytokines,disrupt the balance of the immune homeostasis,and potentially lead to adverse immune reactions.This work demonstrated the importance of including the estimation of histamine’s immune safety in aquatic products rather than merely considering the potential risk of food poisoning.展开更多
Objective:To elucidate the differences in manual acupuncture effectiveness at sensitized points by investigating the mechanisms of local skin action at different sensitization points in rats with knee osteoarthritis(K...Objective:To elucidate the differences in manual acupuncture effectiveness at sensitized points by investigating the mechanisms of local skin action at different sensitization points in rats with knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Methods:Forty SpragueeDawley rats were equally divided into control,model(1 mg of mono-iodoacetate into the right knee joint cavity),sham operation,manual acupuncture at right Tianjing acupoint(MAR-SJ 10),and left SJ 10 groups.Safranine-O and fast green staining were used to assess the modeling.The morphological and functional changes in mast cells(MCs)were assessed during acupoint sensitization using toluidine blue and immunofluorescence staining.The levels of serotonin,histamine,substance P(SP),and tryptase at skin acupoints and serum levels of IL-β,IL-6,and TNF-αwere detected using ELISA.Results:After 14 days of treatment,the number of MCs and their degranulation rates were statistically higher in the model group than in the control group(both P<0.001).After applying acupuncture,the levels of 5-HT,HA,and SP at skin acupoints were lower than those in the model group(all P<0.05),and tryptase level was higher(both P<0.05).Tryptase level was higher on the skin at the MAL-SJ 10 acupoint than that on the MAR-SJ 10 acupoint(P=0.004).Compared with the model group,the serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αin the MAR-SJ 10 and MAL-SJ 10 groups were lower(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture at KOA-sensitized acupoints mitigates joint injury in KOA rats and may bidi-rectionally regulate local MCs of these acupoints.This finding not only enhances the reference value of sensitizing points in clinical diagnosis and treatment,but also contributes to the understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying acupuncture intervention at sensitizing points.展开更多
Objective:To investigate whether cardiac mast cells(MCs)participate in pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy through the regulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4(TRPV4).Methods:Pressure overlo...Objective:To investigate whether cardiac mast cells(MCs)participate in pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy through the regulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4(TRPV4).Methods:Pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy was induced via abdominal aortic constriction(AAC).Myocardial hypertrophy was evaluated by measuring the heart weight index(HW/BW),lung weight index(LW/BW),ratio of heart weight to tibia length(HW/TL),ratio of lung weight to tibia length(LW/TL),and cross-sectional area of myocardial cells.qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of TRPV4.Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of TRPV4,mast cell tryptase,myosin heavy chain beta(β-MHC),calcineurin A(CnA),and nuclear factor of activated T-cell c3(NFATc3).ELISA was used to measure the levels of brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)and histamine.Fluo4 AM was used to detect the calcium signal in H9c2 myocardial cells.Results:Compared with those of the sham rats,the myocardial mast cells,tryptase,HW/BW,LW/BW,HW/TL,and LW/TL,the cross-sectional area of the myocardial cells,and the expression ofβ-MHC,TRPV4,CnA,and NFATc3 in the myocardial tissue and the serum BNP of the AAC-treated rats increased significantly,whereas the MC stabilizer cromolyn sodium(CS)reversed these indicators.In H9c2 cardiomyocytes,treatment with histamine and the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A upregulated the expression of TRPV4,β-MHC,BNP,CnA and NFATc3 and increased calcium ion influx,whereas these effects were inhibited by the H2 receptor inhibitor famotidine and the TRPV4 inhibitor HC067047.Conclusion:Cardiac MCs participate in pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy through the upregulation of TRPV4 via its mediator histamine,and the Ca^(2+)/CnA/NFATc3 signaling pathway is involved in this process.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effects of histamine receptor antagonists on vasoconstriction induced by electrical stimulation （ES） on posterior auricular nerve,and to explore the pre-and post-synaptic effects of symp...Objective To investigate the effects of histamine receptor antagonists on vasoconstriction induced by electrical stimulation （ES） on posterior auricular nerve,and to explore the pre-and post-synaptic effects of sympathetic histamine on the vasomotor responses of vascular smooth muscle in rabbit ear.Methods ES was applied to posterior auricular nerves of the whole rabbit ear at 10 Hz,20 Hz and 40 Hz,respectively.Besides,the whole ear was perfused with different histamine receptor antagonists under constant perfusion pressure,and the changes in the flow rate of perfusate were observed.Results The flow rate of venous outflow was decreased by ES at all the 3 frequencies.The ES-induced vasoconstriction at 20 Hz and 40 Hz could be partly inhibited by H1 receptor antagonist chlorpheniramine （P0.05） .After exhaustion of histamine in mast cells by pretreatment with specific mast cell degranulator compound 48/80,chlorpheniramine could still inhibit the ES-induced flow rate reduction.In contrast,H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine could enhance the 40-Hz ES-induced flow rate reduction （P 0.05） .Moreover,ES-induced vasoconstriction at the 3 frequencies could all be enhanced by H3 receptor antagonist thioperamide （P0.05） .Conclusion Stimulation on the auricular nerve may evoke histamine release from sympathetic nerves rather than from mast cells.Moreover,the functions of sympathetic histamine vary from pre-synaptic modulation to post-synaptic vasoconstriction or vasodilatation,via activation of different histamine receptors.展开更多
AIM:To test the hypothesis that histamine 3 receptor (H3R)activation during Helicobacter infection inhibits gastric acid secretion in vivo and in vitro.METHODS:Helicobacter felis(H.felis)infected and uninfected C57Bl/...AIM:To test the hypothesis that histamine 3 receptor (H3R)activation during Helicobacter infection inhibits gastric acid secretion in vivo and in vitro.METHODS:Helicobacter felis(H.felis)infected and uninfected C57Bl/6 mice were infused with either PBS or the H3 receptor antagonist thioperamide(THIO)for 12 wk.After treatment,mice were analyzed for morphological changes and gastric acid content.Total RNA was prepared from the stomachs of each group and analyzed for changes in somatostatin and gastrin mRNA abundance by real time-polymerase chain reaction(RTPCR).Location of H3 receptors in the stomach was analyzed by co-localization using antibodies specific for the H3 receptor and parietal cell marker H + ,K + -ATPase βsubunit. RESULTS:Inflammation and parietal cell atrophy was observed after 12 wk of H.felis infection.Interestingly, treatment with the H3R antagonist thioperamide(THIO) prior to and during infection prevented H.felis-induced inflammation and atrophy.Compared to the uninfected controls,infected mice also had significantly decreased gastric acid.After eradication of H.felis with THIO treatment,gastric acidity was restored.Compared to the control mice,somatostatin mRNA abundance was decreased while gastrin gene expression was elevated during infection.Despite elevated gastric acid levels, after eradication of H.felis with THIO,somatostatin mRNA was elevated whereas gastrin mRNA was suppressed.Immunofluorescence revealed the presence of H3 receptors on the parietal cells,somatostatin-secreting D-cells as well as the inflammatory cells. CONCLUSION:This study shows that during H.felis infection,gastric acidity is suppressed as a consequence of an inhibitory effect on the parietal cell by H3R activation.The stimulation of gastric mucosal H3Rs increases gastrin expression and release by inhibiting release of somatostatin.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Currently there is very limited data in the literature assessing the prevalence of antihistamine prescription, and there is no local prevalence data about the prescription of antihistamine agents among pri...BACKGROUND: Currently there is very limited data in the literature assessing the prevalence of antihistamine prescription, and there is no local prevalence data about the prescription of antihistamine agents among primary practitioner and emergency physicians. The objectives are 1) to report the prevalence of antihistamine prescription for children less than 6 years old with acute upper respiratory infection and 2) to explore the associated factors for the prescription practice.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. All consecutive cases of paediatric patients aged 6 or below who presented to the emergency department during a study period of one week from April 1 to July 4, 2009 with diagnosis of acute upper respiratory infection were included. Totally 162 patients were included.RESULTS: Among the 162 cases, 141(87%) patients were prescribed one antihistamine of any group. Sixty(37%) patients were prescribed two or more antihistamines. In multivariate logistic regression model, age was found to be signi? cantly(P<0.001) associated with multiple antihistamine prescription(OR=1.042, 95%CI=1.02 to 1.06). Years of graduation of attending physician for more than 5 years was also a strong predictor of multiple antihistamine prescription(OR=4.654, 95%CI=2.20 to 9.84, P<0.001).CONCLUSION: In the local emergency department, patients' age and the years of graduation from medical school of the attending physician were predictors of multiple antihistamine prescription for acute upper respiratory infections for children aged less than 6.展开更多
N-(3′,4′,5′-Trimethoxycinnamoyl)ortho-aminobenzoic acid(TOA),at the concentration of 80μg/ml,significantly inhibited the antigen-induced contraction of ileum isolated from the actively sensitized guinea-pig.At the...N-(3′,4′,5′-Trimethoxycinnamoyl)ortho-aminobenzoic acid(TOA),at the concentration of 80μg/ml,significantly inhibited the antigen-induced contraction of ileum isolated from the actively sensitized guinea-pig.At the concentrations of 25 and 50μg/ml, TOA inhibited homocytotropic antibody-mediated degranulation of mast cells in the rat mesentery,and also inhibited anaphylactic histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells.展开更多
Mast cells and basophils are multifunctional effector cells that contain abundant secretory granules in their cytoplasm. Both cell types are involved in a variety of inflammatory and immune events, producing an array ...Mast cells and basophils are multifunctional effector cells that contain abundant secretory granules in their cytoplasm. Both cell types are involved in a variety of inflammatory and immune events, producing an array of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines. The aim of the study was to examine whether isoquercitrin modulates allergic and inflammatory reactions in the human basophilic KU812 cells and to elucidate its influence on the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) and nuclear factor(NF)-κB activation. The KU812 cells were stimulated with phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate plus the calcium ionophore A23187(PMACI). The inhibitory effects of isoquercitrin on the productions of histamine and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the stimulated KU812 cells were measured using cytokine-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent(ELISA) assays. Western blotting analysis was used to assess the effects of isoquercitrin on the MAPKs and NF-κB protein levels. Our results indicated that the isoquercitrin treatment of PMACI-stimulated KU812 cells significantly reduced the production of histamine and the pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin(IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α. The treated cells exhibited decreased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK), revealing the role of ERK MAPK in isoquercitrin-mediated allergy inhibition. Furthermore, isoquercitrin suppressed the PMACI-mediated activation of NF-κB in the human basophil cells. In conclusion, the results from the present study provide insights into the potential therapeutic use of isoquercitrin for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic reactions.展开更多
AIM To study the peripheral mechanism of the inhibitory effect of intra third ventricular administration (icv) of histamine (HA) on gastric acid secretion in rats. METHODS Gastric acid was continuously washed wit...AIM To study the peripheral mechanism of the inhibitory effect of intra third ventricular administration (icv) of histamine (HA) on gastric acid secretion in rats. METHODS Gastric acid was continuously washed with 37℃ saline by a perfusion pump in male adrenalectomized SD rats. Drugs were injected intravenously (iv) by a syringe pump and their effect on pentagastrin induced (10μg·kg·h, iv) gastric acid secretion was observed. RESULTS The inhibitory effect of HA (1μg, icv) on gastric acid secretion was blocked by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, and pretreatment with atropine (0 005mg·kg·h, iv). Pretreatment with somatostatin antagonist, cyclo [7 aminoheptanoyl Phe D Trp Lys Thr(Bzl)], ( 2μg - 4μg ·kg· 100min , iv) could also block the inhibitory effect of HA on gastric acid secretion in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSION The inhibitory effect of centrally administrated HA on gastric acid secretion may be mediated by vagi, acetylcholine M receptor and somatostatin.展开更多
AIM： This study evaluated colorectal mucosal histamine release in response to blinded food challenge-positive and-negative food antigens as a new diagnostic procedure. METHODS： 19 patients suffering from gastrointes...AIM： This study evaluated colorectal mucosal histamine release in response to blinded food challenge-positive and-negative food antigens as a new diagnostic procedure. METHODS： 19 patients suffering from gastrointestinally mediated allergy confirmed by blinded oral provocation were investigated on grounds of their case history, skin prick tests, serum IgE detection and colorectal mucosal histamine release by ex vivo mucosa oxygenation. Intact tissue particles were incubated/stimulated in an oxygenated culture with different food antigens for 30 min. Specimens challenged with anti-human immunoglobulin E and without any stimulus served as positive and negative controls, respectively. Mucosal histamine release （% of total biopsy histamine content） was considered successful （positive）, when the rate of histamine release from biopsies in response to antigens reached more than twice that of the spontaneous release. Histamine measurement was performed by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS： The median （range） of spontaneous histamine release from colorectal mucosa was found to be 3.2 （0.1%-25.8%） of the total biopsy histamine content. Food antigens tolerated by oral provocation did not elicit mast cell degranulation 3.4 （0.4%-20.7%, P=0.4）, while anti-IgE and causative food allergens induced a significant histamine release of 5.4 （1.1%-25.6%, P = 0.04） and 8.1 （1.5%-57.9%, P = 0.008）, respectively. 12 of 19 patients （63.1%） showed positive colorectal mucosal histamine release in accordance with the blinded oral challenge responding to the same antigen （s）, while the specificity of the functional histamine release to accurately recognise tolerated foodstuffs was found to be 78.6%. In comparison with the outcome of blinded food challenge tests, sensitivity and specificity of history （30.8% and 57.1%）, skin tests （47.4% and 78.6%） or antigen-specific serum IgE determinations （57.9% and 50%） were found to be of lower diagnostic accuracy in gastrointestinally mediated allergy. CONCLUSION： Functional testing of the reactivity of colorectal mucosa upon antigenic stimulation in patients with gastrointestinally mediated allergy is of higher diagnostic efficacy.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effect of bile acid on the expression of histidine decarboxylase (HDC), which is a major enzyme involved in histamine production, and gene expression of gastric transcription factors upon coope...AIM: To investigate the effect of bile acid on the expression of histidine decarboxylase (HDC), which is a major enzyme involved in histamine production, and gene expression of gastric transcription factors upon cooperative activation.展开更多
The ventral pallidum(VP) is a crucial component of the limbic loop of the basal ganglia and participates in the regulation of reward, motivation, and emotion.Although the VP receives afferent inputs from the central h...The ventral pallidum(VP) is a crucial component of the limbic loop of the basal ganglia and participates in the regulation of reward, motivation, and emotion.Although the VP receives afferent inputs from the central histaminergic system, little is known about the effect of histamine on the VP and the underlying receptor mechanism. Here, we showed that histamine, a hypothalamicderived neuromodulator, directly depolarized and excited the GABAergic VP neurons which comprise a major cell type in the VP and are responsible for encoding cues of incentive salience and reward hedonics. Both postsynaptic histamine H1 and H2 receptors were found to be expressed in the GABAergic VP neurons and co-mediate the excitatory effect of histamine. These results suggested that the central histaminergic system may actively participate in VP-mediated motivational and emotional behaviors via direct modulation of the GABAergic VP neurons. Our findings also have implications for the role of histamine and the central histaminergic system in psychiatric disorders.展开更多
Objective To investigate the role of H1 and H2 receptors in the locus ceruleus （LC） in carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex （CSR） resetting induced by intracerebroventricular （i.c.v.） injection of histamine （HA）....Objective To investigate the role of H1 and H2 receptors in the locus ceruleus （LC） in carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex （CSR） resetting induced by intracerebroventricular （i.c.v.） injection of histamine （HA）. Methods The left and right carotid sinus regions were isolated from the systemic circulation in 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. The intracarotid sinus pressure （ISP） was altered in a stepwise manner in vivo. ISP-mean arterial pressure （MAP） relationship curve and its characteristic parameters were constructed by fitting to the logistic function with five parameters. The changes in CSR performance induced by i.c.v. HA and the effects of pretreatment with H1 or H2 receptors selective antagonist, chlorpheniramine （CHL） or cimetidine （CIM） into the LC, on the responses of CSR to HA were examined. Results I.c.v. HA （100 ng in 5 μl） significantly shifted the ISP-MAP relationship curve upwards （P 〈 0.05） and obviously decreased the value of the reflex parameters such as MAP range and maximum gain （P 〈 0.05）, but increased the threshold pressure, saturation pressure and ISP at maximum gain （P 〈 0.05）. The pretreatment with CHL （0.5 μg in 1 μl） or CIM （1.5 μg in 1 μl） into the LC could obviously attenuate the changes mentioned above in CSR performance induced by HA, but the alleviative effect of CIM was less remarkable than that of CHL （P 〈 0.05）. Respective microinjection of CHL or CIM alone into the LC with the corresponding dose and volume did not change CSR performance significantly （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion Intracerebroventricular administration of HA results in a rapid resetting of CSR and a decrease in reflex sensitivity, and the responses of CSR to HA may be mediated, at least in part, by H1 and H2 receptors activities in the LC, especially by H1 receptors. Moreover, the effects of the central HA on CSR might be related to a histaminergic descending pathway from the hypothalamus to LC.展开更多
BACKGROUND There are many adverse reactions in the treatment of allergic rhinitis(AR)mainly with conventional drugs.Leukotriene receptor antagonists,glucocorticoids and nasal antihistamines can all be used as first-li...BACKGROUND There are many adverse reactions in the treatment of allergic rhinitis(AR)mainly with conventional drugs.Leukotriene receptor antagonists,glucocorticoids and nasal antihistamines can all be used as first-line drugs for AR,but the clinical effects of the three drugs are not clear.AIM To examine the impact of glucocorticoids,antihistamines,and leukotriene receptor antagonists on individuals diagnosed with AR,specifically focusing on their influence on serum inflammatory indexes.METHODS The present retrospective study focused on the clinical data of 80 patients diagnosed and treated for AR at our hospital between May 2019 and May 2021.The participants were categorized into the control group and the observation group.The control group received leukotriene receptor antagonists,while the observation group was administered glucocorticoids and antihistamines.Conducted an observation and comparison of the symptoms,physical sign scores,adverse reactions,and effects on serum inflammatory indexes in two distinct groups of patients,both before and after treatment.RESULTS Subsequent to treatment,the nasal itching score,sneeze score,runny nose score,nasal congestion score,and physical signs score exhibited notable discrepancies(P<0.05),with the observation group demonstrating superior outcomes compared to the control group(P<0.05).The interleukin(IL)-6,IL-10,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1,Leukotriene D4 after treatment were significantly different and the observation group It is better than the control group,which is statistically significant(P<0.05).Following the intervention,the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group,including symptoms such as nasal dryness,discomfort in the throat,bitter taste in the mouth,and minor erosion of the nasal mucosa,was found to be 7.5%.This rate was significantly lower compared to the control group,which reported an incidence of 27.5%.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Glucocorticoids and antihistamines have obvious therapeutic effects,reduce serum inflammatory index levels,relieve symptoms and signs of patients,and promote patients'recovery,which can provide a reference for clinical treatment of AR.展开更多
Objective:To explore the exact role of histamine receptors in respiratory system.Methods: The cohort comprised of six groups(group I control and groupⅡ—Ⅳtreated) containing five rabbits in each group.Control-group ...Objective:To explore the exact role of histamine receptors in respiratory system.Methods: The cohort comprised of six groups(group I control and groupⅡ—Ⅳtreated) containing five rabbits in each group.Control-group received vehicle(sterile distilled water) and treated groups received subcutaneous histamine(100μg/kg,b.i.d.),and H1R-agonist(HTMT),H2R-agonist (amthamine),H3R-agonist(R-(-)-α-methylhistamine) and H4R-agonist(clobenpropit) each in a dose of 10μg/kg,b.i.d.for 30 subsequent days.After completion of treatment,animals were euthanized and perfused with 10% buffered formalin.Small tissue blocks of trachea and lungs were processed for paraffin embedding.Observations were recorded in sample photomicrographs taken from 10μm thick.Haematoxylin and eosin stained sections.Results:It was observed that trachea and bronchi from histamine,H1R and H4R groups had only patches of hyperplastic and hypertrophied epithelium and in general,cells in the affected region were taller heaped up. The bronchiolar epithelia from all treated groups showed hypertrophy and hyperplasia throughout with most of the cells having rounded profile and appeared to bud out from the basal cells. Conclusions:It is concluded that histamine receptors on induction via its specific agonist can induce hypertrophy,hyperplasia of respiratory tract epithelia suggesting its role akin to growth stimulating factor and warranting further long-term study.展开更多
文摘Fear memory is crucial for survival and adaptation in complex and dynamically changing environments that enables individuals to avoid or escape from potentially dangerous situations.However,excessive fear memories can significantly contribute to emotional disabilities and mental disorders,including panic disorder,phobias,social anxiety disorder,and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD).
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD0901702)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201929,32202134)+3 种基金2025 Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Natural Science Foundation Project(2025A1515011748)High-level Talent Project of Lingnan Normal University(ZL2415)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M712625)2021 and 2022 Chongqing Postdoctoral Special Funding Project。
文摘Bacillus subtilis JZXJ-7 isolated from shrimp paste can significantly degrade histamine under salt stress but the mechanism is unclear.This study aims to evaluate the effect of 170 and 340 mmol/L Na Cl on B.subtilis JZXJ-7 growth,histamine degradation,antioxidant enzymes(catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione S-transferase(GST))activities and Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase activity.Furthermore,comparative metabolomics was used to investigate histamine biodegradation mechanism by B.subtilis JZXJ-7 subjected to salt stress.Both 170 and 340 mmol/L Na Cl promoted B.subtilis JZXJ-7 growth in late stages of reproduction(32-48 h),increased h istamine degradation rate by 64.85%and 79.87%(P<0.05),Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase activity to 6.28(P<0.05)and 11.63 U/mg(P<0.01)respectively.N a Cl treatment significantly increased the activities of CAT,GST and SOD(P<0.05),a mino acids and its metabolites(33.39%),benzene and substituted derivatives(12.05%),heterocyclic compounds(10.62%),organic acids and derivatives(9.75%),aldehydes,ketones,esters(5.59%)and nucleotides and its metabolites(4.58%).Metabolite set enrichment analysis revealed Na Cl induced differential metabolic pathways of D-glutamine,D-glutamate,L-arginine,L-proline,histidine and glycerophospholipids,L-lysine degradation,and aminoacyl-t RNA biosynthesis.Exposure to 340 mmol/L Na Cl up-regulated carbohydrate,glutathione and glycerophospholipid metabolism.The new insights into the mechanism of salt stress to promote B.subtilis JZJX-7 growth,energy metabolic pathways and to degrade histamine provide the theoretical basis for application of B.subtilis JZXJ-7 in food fermentation industry.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32030044,32171012,82101332,32200948,and 323B1008)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20240168+3 种基金BK20190008)the grant from the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology(LNSN-202402)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(020814380197,020814380208)Nanjing University Integrated Research Platform of the Ministry of Education-Top Talents Program(2024300475).
文摘The ventral anterior (VA) nucleus of the thalamus is a major target of the basal ganglia and is closely associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Notably, the VA receives direct innervation from the hypothalamic histaminergic system. However, its role in PD remains unknown. Here, we assessed the contribution of histamine to VA neuronal activity and PD motor deficits. Functional magnetic resonance imaging showed reduced VA activity in PD patients. Optogenetic activation of VA neurons or histaminergic afferents significantly alleviated motor deficits in 6-OHDA-induced PD rats. Furthermore, histamine excited VA neurons via H1 and H2 receptors and their coupled hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, inward-rectifier K^(+) channels, or Ca^(2+)-activated K+ channels. These results demonstrate that histaminergic afferents actively compensate for Parkinsonian motor deficits by biasing VA activity. These findings suggest that targeting VA histamine receptors and downstream ion channels may be a potential therapeutic strategy for PD motor dysfunction.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Gongshang University(QRK22006)the Eagle Plan Cultivation Project of Zhejiang Provincial Administration for Market Regulation(CY2023005)。
文摘Histamine(HA)is a biogenic amine formed during the metabolism of microorganisms,excessive intake of which can cause headache,diarrhea,and,in severe cases,food poisoning.The commonly used instrumental detection methods are expensive and time-consuming,making it challenging to realize on-site inspection.In this work,we reported a colorimetric test strip-based detection method for HA by chemical recognition of the amine and imidazole groups of HA.Polydopamine-coated gold nanoparticles that were modified with carboxyl group-terminated polyethylene glycol(Au@PDA-C NPs)were utilized as labels to capture HA through the N-hydroxysuccinimide/1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride(NHS/EDC)reaction between HA and the carboxyl group of the Au@PDA-C NPs.The chelate from nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA)and Cu^(2+)at the T-line could then specifically bind the imidazole moiety of HA in the complex of HA and Au@PDA-C NPs,enabling the T-line to present the colorimetric characteristics of Au@PDA-C NPs.The gray value of the T-line in the test strip showed a good linear relationship with the HA concentration in the range of 0–100μg/m L,with the standard curve equation of Y=27.94X+463.0 and the correlation coefficient of R^(2)=0.944.The detection limit and quantification limit of HA were 1.16μg/m L(signal-to-noise ratio(S/N)=3)and 3.88μg/m L(S/N=10),respectively.The two-site chemical recognition method could also achieve specific detection of HA in commercially available samples,showing potential application as an on-site analysis tool for HA.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972149)funding support from the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnologythe Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies。
文摘Herein,a novel interference-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)strategy based on magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs)and aptamer-driven assemblies was proposed for the ultrasensitive detection of histamine.A core-satellite SERS aptasensor was constructed by combining aptamer-decorated Fe_(3)O_(4)@Au MNPs(as the recognize probe for histamine)and complementary DNA-modified silver nanoparticles carrying 4-mercaptobenzonitrile(4-MBN)(Ag@4-MBN@Ag-c-DNA)as the SERS signal probe for the indirect detection of histamine.Under an applied magnetic field in the absence of histamine,the assembly gave an intense Raman signal at“Raman biological-silent”region due to 4-MBN.In the presence of histamine,the Ag@4-MBN@Ag-c-DNA SERS-tag was released from the Fe_(3)O_(4)@Au MNPs,thus decreasing the SERS signal.Under optimal conditions,an ultra-low limit of detection of 0.65×10^(-3)ng/mL and a linear range 10^(-2)-10^5 ng/mL on the SERS aptasensor were obtained.The histamine content in four food samples were analyzed using the SERS aptasensor,with the results consistent with those determined by high performance liquid chromatography.The present work highlights the merits of indirect strategies for the ultrasensitive and highly selective SERS detection of small biological molecules in complex matrices.
基金financially supported by the Key Project of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ22C200003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072290)。
文摘Histamine in food has attracted widespread attention due to the potential toxicity and associated health risk.However,its influences on immunological components,especially the function of key immune cells,are still poorly known.In this work,we explored the effects of exogenous histamine on the function of key immune cells such as intestinal epithelial cells,dendritic cells,and T cells.The results showed that histamine could affect the expression of allergy-related genes in CMT93 cells at a high dose of histamine.Moreover,it’s found that histamine could cause an imbalance in the levels of relevant immune factors secreted by dendritic cells and T cells,especially those related to allergy.At the same time,the proportion of MHC class IIpositive dendritic cells and the proportion of T helper 2(Th2)cells in CD4^(+)T cells increased after histamine stimulation.We concluded that the presence of a certain level of histamine in food may affect the expression of allergy-related cytokines,disrupt the balance of the immune homeostasis,and potentially lead to adverse immune reactions.This work demonstrated the importance of including the estimation of histamine’s immune safety in aquatic products rather than merely considering the potential risk of food poisoning.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81590952)the“Jiebang Guashuai”Project of the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(2022-JYB-JBZR-024).
文摘Objective:To elucidate the differences in manual acupuncture effectiveness at sensitized points by investigating the mechanisms of local skin action at different sensitization points in rats with knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Methods:Forty SpragueeDawley rats were equally divided into control,model(1 mg of mono-iodoacetate into the right knee joint cavity),sham operation,manual acupuncture at right Tianjing acupoint(MAR-SJ 10),and left SJ 10 groups.Safranine-O and fast green staining were used to assess the modeling.The morphological and functional changes in mast cells(MCs)were assessed during acupoint sensitization using toluidine blue and immunofluorescence staining.The levels of serotonin,histamine,substance P(SP),and tryptase at skin acupoints and serum levels of IL-β,IL-6,and TNF-αwere detected using ELISA.Results:After 14 days of treatment,the number of MCs and their degranulation rates were statistically higher in the model group than in the control group(both P<0.001).After applying acupuncture,the levels of 5-HT,HA,and SP at skin acupoints were lower than those in the model group(all P<0.05),and tryptase level was higher(both P<0.05).Tryptase level was higher on the skin at the MAL-SJ 10 acupoint than that on the MAR-SJ 10 acupoint(P=0.004).Compared with the model group,the serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αin the MAR-SJ 10 and MAL-SJ 10 groups were lower(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture at KOA-sensitized acupoints mitigates joint injury in KOA rats and may bidi-rectionally regulate local MCs of these acupoints.This finding not only enhances the reference value of sensitizing points in clinical diagnosis and treatment,but also contributes to the understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying acupuncture intervention at sensitizing points.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30872716)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2015CFB288).
文摘Objective:To investigate whether cardiac mast cells(MCs)participate in pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy through the regulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4(TRPV4).Methods:Pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy was induced via abdominal aortic constriction(AAC).Myocardial hypertrophy was evaluated by measuring the heart weight index(HW/BW),lung weight index(LW/BW),ratio of heart weight to tibia length(HW/TL),ratio of lung weight to tibia length(LW/TL),and cross-sectional area of myocardial cells.qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of TRPV4.Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of TRPV4,mast cell tryptase,myosin heavy chain beta(β-MHC),calcineurin A(CnA),and nuclear factor of activated T-cell c3(NFATc3).ELISA was used to measure the levels of brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)and histamine.Fluo4 AM was used to detect the calcium signal in H9c2 myocardial cells.Results:Compared with those of the sham rats,the myocardial mast cells,tryptase,HW/BW,LW/BW,HW/TL,and LW/TL,the cross-sectional area of the myocardial cells,and the expression ofβ-MHC,TRPV4,CnA,and NFATc3 in the myocardial tissue and the serum BNP of the AAC-treated rats increased significantly,whereas the MC stabilizer cromolyn sodium(CS)reversed these indicators.In H9c2 cardiomyocytes,treatment with histamine and the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A upregulated the expression of TRPV4,β-MHC,BNP,CnA and NFATc3 and increased calcium ion influx,whereas these effects were inhibited by the H2 receptor inhibitor famotidine and the TRPV4 inhibitor HC067047.Conclusion:Cardiac MCs participate in pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy through the upregulation of TRPV4 via its mediator histamine,and the Ca^(2+)/CnA/NFATc3 signaling pathway is involved in this process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30770669,30800310)
文摘Objective To investigate the effects of histamine receptor antagonists on vasoconstriction induced by electrical stimulation （ES） on posterior auricular nerve,and to explore the pre-and post-synaptic effects of sympathetic histamine on the vasomotor responses of vascular smooth muscle in rabbit ear.Methods ES was applied to posterior auricular nerves of the whole rabbit ear at 10 Hz,20 Hz and 40 Hz,respectively.Besides,the whole ear was perfused with different histamine receptor antagonists under constant perfusion pressure,and the changes in the flow rate of perfusate were observed.Results The flow rate of venous outflow was decreased by ES at all the 3 frequencies.The ES-induced vasoconstriction at 20 Hz and 40 Hz could be partly inhibited by H1 receptor antagonist chlorpheniramine （P0.05） .After exhaustion of histamine in mast cells by pretreatment with specific mast cell degranulator compound 48/80,chlorpheniramine could still inhibit the ES-induced flow rate reduction.In contrast,H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine could enhance the 40-Hz ES-induced flow rate reduction （P 0.05） .Moreover,ES-induced vasoconstriction at the 3 frequencies could all be enhanced by H3 receptor antagonist thioperamide （P0.05） .Conclusion Stimulation on the auricular nerve may evoke histamine release from sympathetic nerves rather than from mast cells.Moreover,the functions of sympathetic histamine vary from pre-synaptic modulation to post-synaptic vasoconstriction or vasodilatation,via activation of different histamine receptors.
基金Supported in part by Public Health Service Grants R37-DK45729(JLM)Michigan Gastrointestinal Peptide Research Center Pilot Feasibility Grant P30-DK34933(YZ)National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Grant 350234(AS)
文摘AIM:To test the hypothesis that histamine 3 receptor (H3R)activation during Helicobacter infection inhibits gastric acid secretion in vivo and in vitro.METHODS:Helicobacter felis(H.felis)infected and uninfected C57Bl/6 mice were infused with either PBS or the H3 receptor antagonist thioperamide(THIO)for 12 wk.After treatment,mice were analyzed for morphological changes and gastric acid content.Total RNA was prepared from the stomachs of each group and analyzed for changes in somatostatin and gastrin mRNA abundance by real time-polymerase chain reaction(RTPCR).Location of H3 receptors in the stomach was analyzed by co-localization using antibodies specific for the H3 receptor and parietal cell marker H + ,K + -ATPase βsubunit. RESULTS:Inflammation and parietal cell atrophy was observed after 12 wk of H.felis infection.Interestingly, treatment with the H3R antagonist thioperamide(THIO) prior to and during infection prevented H.felis-induced inflammation and atrophy.Compared to the uninfected controls,infected mice also had significantly decreased gastric acid.After eradication of H.felis with THIO treatment,gastric acidity was restored.Compared to the control mice,somatostatin mRNA abundance was decreased while gastrin gene expression was elevated during infection.Despite elevated gastric acid levels, after eradication of H.felis with THIO,somatostatin mRNA was elevated whereas gastrin mRNA was suppressed.Immunofluorescence revealed the presence of H3 receptors on the parietal cells,somatostatin-secreting D-cells as well as the inflammatory cells. CONCLUSION:This study shows that during H.felis infection,gastric acidity is suppressed as a consequence of an inhibitory effect on the parietal cell by H3R activation.The stimulation of gastric mucosal H3Rs increases gastrin expression and release by inhibiting release of somatostatin.
文摘BACKGROUND: Currently there is very limited data in the literature assessing the prevalence of antihistamine prescription, and there is no local prevalence data about the prescription of antihistamine agents among primary practitioner and emergency physicians. The objectives are 1) to report the prevalence of antihistamine prescription for children less than 6 years old with acute upper respiratory infection and 2) to explore the associated factors for the prescription practice.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. All consecutive cases of paediatric patients aged 6 or below who presented to the emergency department during a study period of one week from April 1 to July 4, 2009 with diagnosis of acute upper respiratory infection were included. Totally 162 patients were included.RESULTS: Among the 162 cases, 141(87%) patients were prescribed one antihistamine of any group. Sixty(37%) patients were prescribed two or more antihistamines. In multivariate logistic regression model, age was found to be signi? cantly(P<0.001) associated with multiple antihistamine prescription(OR=1.042, 95%CI=1.02 to 1.06). Years of graduation of attending physician for more than 5 years was also a strong predictor of multiple antihistamine prescription(OR=4.654, 95%CI=2.20 to 9.84, P<0.001).CONCLUSION: In the local emergency department, patients' age and the years of graduation from medical school of the attending physician were predictors of multiple antihistamine prescription for acute upper respiratory infections for children aged less than 6.
文摘N-(3′,4′,5′-Trimethoxycinnamoyl)ortho-aminobenzoic acid(TOA),at the concentration of 80μg/ml,significantly inhibited the antigen-induced contraction of ileum isolated from the actively sensitized guinea-pig.At the concentrations of 25 and 50μg/ml, TOA inhibited homocytotropic antibody-mediated degranulation of mast cells in the rat mesentery,and also inhibited anaphylactic histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells.
基金Foundation of Beijing Superiority People(D classification,2014000020124G034)
文摘Mast cells and basophils are multifunctional effector cells that contain abundant secretory granules in their cytoplasm. Both cell types are involved in a variety of inflammatory and immune events, producing an array of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines. The aim of the study was to examine whether isoquercitrin modulates allergic and inflammatory reactions in the human basophilic KU812 cells and to elucidate its influence on the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) and nuclear factor(NF)-κB activation. The KU812 cells were stimulated with phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate plus the calcium ionophore A23187(PMACI). The inhibitory effects of isoquercitrin on the productions of histamine and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the stimulated KU812 cells were measured using cytokine-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent(ELISA) assays. Western blotting analysis was used to assess the effects of isoquercitrin on the MAPKs and NF-κB protein levels. Our results indicated that the isoquercitrin treatment of PMACI-stimulated KU812 cells significantly reduced the production of histamine and the pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin(IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α. The treated cells exhibited decreased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK), revealing the role of ERK MAPK in isoquercitrin-mediated allergy inhibition. Furthermore, isoquercitrin suppressed the PMACI-mediated activation of NF-κB in the human basophil cells. In conclusion, the results from the present study provide insights into the potential therapeutic use of isoquercitrin for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic reactions.
文摘AIM To study the peripheral mechanism of the inhibitory effect of intra third ventricular administration (icv) of histamine (HA) on gastric acid secretion in rats. METHODS Gastric acid was continuously washed with 37℃ saline by a perfusion pump in male adrenalectomized SD rats. Drugs were injected intravenously (iv) by a syringe pump and their effect on pentagastrin induced (10μg·kg·h, iv) gastric acid secretion was observed. RESULTS The inhibitory effect of HA (1μg, icv) on gastric acid secretion was blocked by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, and pretreatment with atropine (0 005mg·kg·h, iv). Pretreatment with somatostatin antagonist, cyclo [7 aminoheptanoyl Phe D Trp Lys Thr(Bzl)], ( 2μg - 4μg ·kg· 100min , iv) could also block the inhibitory effect of HA on gastric acid secretion in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSION The inhibitory effect of centrally administrated HA on gastric acid secretion may be mediated by vagi, acetylcholine M receptor and somatostatin.
文摘AIM： This study evaluated colorectal mucosal histamine release in response to blinded food challenge-positive and-negative food antigens as a new diagnostic procedure. METHODS： 19 patients suffering from gastrointestinally mediated allergy confirmed by blinded oral provocation were investigated on grounds of their case history, skin prick tests, serum IgE detection and colorectal mucosal histamine release by ex vivo mucosa oxygenation. Intact tissue particles were incubated/stimulated in an oxygenated culture with different food antigens for 30 min. Specimens challenged with anti-human immunoglobulin E and without any stimulus served as positive and negative controls, respectively. Mucosal histamine release （% of total biopsy histamine content） was considered successful （positive）, when the rate of histamine release from biopsies in response to antigens reached more than twice that of the spontaneous release. Histamine measurement was performed by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS： The median （range） of spontaneous histamine release from colorectal mucosa was found to be 3.2 （0.1%-25.8%） of the total biopsy histamine content. Food antigens tolerated by oral provocation did not elicit mast cell degranulation 3.4 （0.4%-20.7%, P=0.4）, while anti-IgE and causative food allergens induced a significant histamine release of 5.4 （1.1%-25.6%, P = 0.04） and 8.1 （1.5%-57.9%, P = 0.008）, respectively. 12 of 19 patients （63.1%） showed positive colorectal mucosal histamine release in accordance with the blinded oral challenge responding to the same antigen （s）, while the specificity of the functional histamine release to accurately recognise tolerated foodstuffs was found to be 78.6%. In comparison with the outcome of blinded food challenge tests, sensitivity and specificity of history （30.8% and 57.1%）, skin tests （47.4% and 78.6%） or antigen-specific serum IgE determinations （57.9% and 50%） were found to be of lower diagnostic accuracy in gastrointestinally mediated allergy. CONCLUSION： Functional testing of the reactivity of colorectal mucosa upon antigenic stimulation in patients with gastrointestinally mediated allergy is of higher diagnostic efficacy.
基金Supported by National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government,No.2009-0093193
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of bile acid on the expression of histidine decarboxylase (HDC), which is a major enzyme involved in histamine production, and gene expression of gastric transcription factors upon cooperative activation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81671107, 31330033, 91332124, 31471112, 31600834, and the NSFC and the Research Grants Council Joint Research Scheme 31461163001)the Ministry of Education of China (Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 020814380071, 020814380048 and 020814380091)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017T100351)
文摘The ventral pallidum(VP) is a crucial component of the limbic loop of the basal ganglia and participates in the regulation of reward, motivation, and emotion.Although the VP receives afferent inputs from the central histaminergic system, little is known about the effect of histamine on the VP and the underlying receptor mechanism. Here, we showed that histamine, a hypothalamicderived neuromodulator, directly depolarized and excited the GABAergic VP neurons which comprise a major cell type in the VP and are responsible for encoding cues of incentive salience and reward hedonics. Both postsynaptic histamine H1 and H2 receptors were found to be expressed in the GABAergic VP neurons and co-mediate the excitatory effect of histamine. These results suggested that the central histaminergic system may actively participate in VP-mediated motivational and emotional behaviors via direct modulation of the GABAergic VP neurons. Our findings also have implications for the role of histamine and the central histaminergic system in psychiatric disorders.
文摘Objective To investigate the role of H1 and H2 receptors in the locus ceruleus （LC） in carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex （CSR） resetting induced by intracerebroventricular （i.c.v.） injection of histamine （HA）. Methods The left and right carotid sinus regions were isolated from the systemic circulation in 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. The intracarotid sinus pressure （ISP） was altered in a stepwise manner in vivo. ISP-mean arterial pressure （MAP） relationship curve and its characteristic parameters were constructed by fitting to the logistic function with five parameters. The changes in CSR performance induced by i.c.v. HA and the effects of pretreatment with H1 or H2 receptors selective antagonist, chlorpheniramine （CHL） or cimetidine （CIM） into the LC, on the responses of CSR to HA were examined. Results I.c.v. HA （100 ng in 5 μl） significantly shifted the ISP-MAP relationship curve upwards （P 〈 0.05） and obviously decreased the value of the reflex parameters such as MAP range and maximum gain （P 〈 0.05）, but increased the threshold pressure, saturation pressure and ISP at maximum gain （P 〈 0.05）. The pretreatment with CHL （0.5 μg in 1 μl） or CIM （1.5 μg in 1 μl） into the LC could obviously attenuate the changes mentioned above in CSR performance induced by HA, but the alleviative effect of CIM was less remarkable than that of CHL （P 〈 0.05）. Respective microinjection of CHL or CIM alone into the LC with the corresponding dose and volume did not change CSR performance significantly （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion Intracerebroventricular administration of HA results in a rapid resetting of CSR and a decrease in reflex sensitivity, and the responses of CSR to HA may be mediated, at least in part, by H1 and H2 receptors activities in the LC, especially by H1 receptors. Moreover, the effects of the central HA on CSR might be related to a histaminergic descending pathway from the hypothalamus to LC.
文摘BACKGROUND There are many adverse reactions in the treatment of allergic rhinitis(AR)mainly with conventional drugs.Leukotriene receptor antagonists,glucocorticoids and nasal antihistamines can all be used as first-line drugs for AR,but the clinical effects of the three drugs are not clear.AIM To examine the impact of glucocorticoids,antihistamines,and leukotriene receptor antagonists on individuals diagnosed with AR,specifically focusing on their influence on serum inflammatory indexes.METHODS The present retrospective study focused on the clinical data of 80 patients diagnosed and treated for AR at our hospital between May 2019 and May 2021.The participants were categorized into the control group and the observation group.The control group received leukotriene receptor antagonists,while the observation group was administered glucocorticoids and antihistamines.Conducted an observation and comparison of the symptoms,physical sign scores,adverse reactions,and effects on serum inflammatory indexes in two distinct groups of patients,both before and after treatment.RESULTS Subsequent to treatment,the nasal itching score,sneeze score,runny nose score,nasal congestion score,and physical signs score exhibited notable discrepancies(P<0.05),with the observation group demonstrating superior outcomes compared to the control group(P<0.05).The interleukin(IL)-6,IL-10,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1,Leukotriene D4 after treatment were significantly different and the observation group It is better than the control group,which is statistically significant(P<0.05).Following the intervention,the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group,including symptoms such as nasal dryness,discomfort in the throat,bitter taste in the mouth,and minor erosion of the nasal mucosa,was found to be 7.5%.This rate was significantly lower compared to the control group,which reported an incidence of 27.5%.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Glucocorticoids and antihistamines have obvious therapeutic effects,reduce serum inflammatory index levels,relieve symptoms and signs of patients,and promote patients'recovery,which can provide a reference for clinical treatment of AR.
基金University Grants Commission,New Delhi,India for providing UGC Fellowship [UGC letter DON F.19-33/2006(CU)]
文摘Objective:To explore the exact role of histamine receptors in respiratory system.Methods: The cohort comprised of six groups(group I control and groupⅡ—Ⅳtreated) containing five rabbits in each group.Control-group received vehicle(sterile distilled water) and treated groups received subcutaneous histamine(100μg/kg,b.i.d.),and H1R-agonist(HTMT),H2R-agonist (amthamine),H3R-agonist(R-(-)-α-methylhistamine) and H4R-agonist(clobenpropit) each in a dose of 10μg/kg,b.i.d.for 30 subsequent days.After completion of treatment,animals were euthanized and perfused with 10% buffered formalin.Small tissue blocks of trachea and lungs were processed for paraffin embedding.Observations were recorded in sample photomicrographs taken from 10μm thick.Haematoxylin and eosin stained sections.Results:It was observed that trachea and bronchi from histamine,H1R and H4R groups had only patches of hyperplastic and hypertrophied epithelium and in general,cells in the affected region were taller heaped up. The bronchiolar epithelia from all treated groups showed hypertrophy and hyperplasia throughout with most of the cells having rounded profile and appeared to bud out from the basal cells. Conclusions:It is concluded that histamine receptors on induction via its specific agonist can induce hypertrophy,hyperplasia of respiratory tract epithelia suggesting its role akin to growth stimulating factor and warranting further long-term study.
