T.S Elliot's the Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock is just Prufrock's inner monologue revealing that he was ripped apart by the struggle within him between his sense and his sensibility. According the analysis o...T.S Elliot's the Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock is just Prufrock's inner monologue revealing that he was ripped apart by the struggle within him between his sense and his sensibility. According the analysis of the whole song, we can find that the speaker is a vacillating person, his character leads to his tragedy. His hesitation brings him the deepest misery and suffering.展开更多
Hesitation analysis plays a crucial role in decision-making processes by capturing the intermediary position between supportive and opposing information.This study introduces a refined approach to addressing uncertain...Hesitation analysis plays a crucial role in decision-making processes by capturing the intermediary position between supportive and opposing information.This study introduces a refined approach to addressing uncertainty in decision-making,employing existing measures used in decision problems.Building on information theory,the Kullback–Leibler(KL)divergence is extended to incorporate additional insights,specifically by applying temporal data,as illustrated by time series data fromtwo datasets(e.g.,affirmative and dissent information).Cumulative hesitation provides quantifiable insights into the decision-making process.Accordingly,a modified KL divergence,which incorporates historical trends,is proposed,enabling dynamic updates using conditional probability.The efficacy of this enhanced KL divergence is validated through a case study predicting Korean election outcomes.Immediate and historical data are processed using direct hesitation calculations and accumulated temporal information.The computational example demonstrates that the proposed KL divergence yields favorable results compared to existing methods.展开更多
Building upon the concept of Dα operator introduced by Atanassov （1989）, thin article proposes an improved objective approach and a hybrid approach to operationalize Dα so that the hesitation in an intuitionistic ...Building upon the concept of Dα operator introduced by Atanassov （1989）, thin article proposes an improved objective approach and a hybrid approach to operationalize Dα so that the hesitation in an intuitionistic fuzzy number （IFN） can be further refined and characterized. Numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate the features and novelty of the proposed approach compared to existing methods in the literature. The aim is to furnish an effective way to refine hesitations in intuitionistic fuzzy assessments for more reliable and confident decision aids.展开更多
Background:Despite highly effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2,COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy persisted in some populations in England during the pandemic,with rates and motivations for hesitancy varying by demographic g...Background:Despite highly effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2,COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy persisted in some populations in England during the pandemic,with rates and motivations for hesitancy varying by demographic group.Addressing the drivers of vaccine hesitancy through targeted interventions in hesitant groups is a public health priority for better and more rapid control of disease spread.We aimed to characterise the determinants and subtypes of vaccine hesitancy and identify more persistent forms of hesitancy via analysis of vaccine uptake in a large cross-sectional cohort with linked National Health Service(NHS)data.展开更多
Objective:This review aimed to identify the barriers and facilitators to equitable coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccine distribution in Nigeria using the consolidated framework for implementation research(CFIR).M...Objective:This review aimed to identify the barriers and facilitators to equitable coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccine distribution in Nigeria using the consolidated framework for implementation research(CFIR).Methods:A comprehensive search strategy was applied across five databases—Web of Science,MEDLINE,EMBASE,CAB Direct,and CINAHL.The search,conducted as part of a scoping review,yielded 2,751 citations.Seven studies met the inclusion criteria after screening.Data were extracted and analyzed using CFIR constructs to identify key barriers and facilitators to equitable vaccine distribution.Results:Six barriers were identified:limited physical and socioeconomic access,bribery,nepotism,and insufficient availability of translated information.Facilitators included community involvement as local monitoring agents,unannounced staff inspections,healthcare worker training tailored to community needs,and localized outreach strategies such as jingles and call-in programs.CFIR constructs,including Local Conditions,Tailoring Strategies,Available Resources,and Physical Infrastructure,provided a framework for analyzing the findings.Conclusion:This review highlights significant barriers and promising facilitators to equitable vaccine distribution in Nigeria.Targeted interventions,such as community engagement,anti-corruption measures,and culturally tailored strategies,are critical to addressing these challenges and improving access.These findings underscore the need for localized,equity-focused approaches to enhance vaccine distribution systems in Nigeria and other low-resource settings.展开更多
Objective:To examine the change in COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy according to descriptive characteristics,characteristics related to COVID-19,health literacy(HL)skills related to booster dose.Methods:The inclusio...Objective:To examine the change in COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy according to descriptive characteristics,characteristics related to COVID-19,health literacy(HL)skills related to booster dose.Methods:The inclusion criterion was the completion of the primary scheme as two doses of COVID-19 vaccine.The study was conducted in January 2022 by applying face-to-face interview technique.Questions regarding HL were used to question the ability of individuals to access,understand,interpret and use information regarding the COVID-19 booster dose in their decisions.Results:A total of 1210 people were included in this study with an mean age of(41.3±16.6)years,and 51.4%were women.In multivariate analysis,hesitation increased in the"moderately concerned"(aOR 2.65,95%CI 1.09-6.45),"slightly concerned"(aOR 3.01,95%CI 1.26-7.19),"not concerned at all”(aOR 5.69,95%CI 2.27-14.28)groups compared to the group“extremely concerned”about COVID-19 transmission.Those with Sinovac-CoronaVac as their most recent vaccine had increased hesitation compared to those with Pfizer-BioNTech(aOR 3.68,95%CI 2.05-6.61).The effect of HL skills including“accessing”,“understanding”,and“appraising”information on hesitation was not statistically significant(P>0.05).HL skill of“applying”was assessed with ability of information to help decision making.Whether the information is helpful for decision-making,the risk of hesitancy increased for those who stated that it"sometimes helps"(aOR 2.55;95%CI 1.31-4.99)and"never helps"(aOR 11.62;95%CI 3.03-44.58)compared to those who stated that it"always helps".Conclusions:The increased propability of hesitation in those less concerned about COVID-19 transmission shows the importance of appropriately guiding individuals'concern levels with a health communication strategy based on risk communication.The fact that the only HL skill with a significant effect in the multivariate model was“applying”,shows the critical role of this skill in influencing behavioral changes.展开更多
In this commentary,we respond to Zhao et al’s recent paper which focuses on mechanisms underlying insomnia sufferers’engagement with acupuncture.Insomnia,a prevalent condition characterized by difficulty falling asl...In this commentary,we respond to Zhao et al’s recent paper which focuses on mechanisms underlying insomnia sufferers’engagement with acupuncture.Insomnia,a prevalent condition characterized by difficulty falling asleep and poor sleep quality,is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease,diabetes,and psychiatric illness.Acupuncture,a method involving the therapeutic placement of needles,has been widely accepted as a treatment for insomnia with minimal side effects.In fact,clinical trials suggest auricular acupuncture may improve sleep duration more than cognitive behavioral therapy.However,responses to acupuncture vary.Some patients find it extremely beneficial,while others view it as a routine treatment—or avoid it altogether due to needle phobia.Patient engagement is influenced by cultural beliefs,encouragement,motivation,prior experiences,and recommendations from peers or clinicians.Trust in the physician and testimonials from recovered patients are particularly important facilitators.Looking ahead,a holistic approach-integrating acupuncture with meditation,pranayama,yoga,and other restorative practices-may enhance treatment effectiveness and help patients achieve restorative sleep.展开更多
Cyber threat detection is a crucial aspect of contemporary cybersecurity due to the depth and complexity of cyberattacks.It is the identification of malicious activity,unauthorized access,and possible intrusions in ne...Cyber threat detection is a crucial aspect of contemporary cybersecurity due to the depth and complexity of cyberattacks.It is the identification of malicious activity,unauthorized access,and possible intrusions in networks and systems.Modern detection methods employ artificial intelligence and machine learning to study vast amounts of data,learn patterns,and anticipate potential threats.Real-time monitoring and anomaly detection improve the capacity to react to changing threats more rapidly.Cyber threat detection systems aim to reduce false positives and provide complete coverage against the broadest possible attacks.This research advocates for proactive measures and adaptive technologies in defending digital environments.Improvements in detection ability by organizations will assist in safeguarding assets and integrity in operations in this increasingly digital world.This paper draws on the categorization of cyber threat detection methods using hesitant bipolar fuzzy Frank operators.Categorization is a step that is necessary for systematic comparison and assessment of detection methods so that the most suitable method for particular cybersecurity requirements is chosen.Furthermore,this research manages uncertainty and vagueness that exists in decision-making by applying hesitant bipolar fuzzy logic.The importance of the work lies in how it fortifies cybersecurity architectures with a formal method of discovering optimal detection measures and improving responsiveness,resulting in holistic protection against dynamic threats.展开更多
Background:Vaccine hesitancy remains a pressing global challenge,impacting the acceptance and distribution of both long-established and newly developed vaccines.This paper investigates the multifaceted nature of vacci...Background:Vaccine hesitancy remains a pressing global challenge,impacting the acceptance and distribution of both long-established and newly developed vaccines.This paper investigates the multifaceted nature of vaccine hesitancy,focusing on the development of the measles vaccine as a historical case study,while drawing comparisons to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Methods:The study employs a historical and comparative approach to analyze vaccine hesitancy.It examines how technological advances,public policy,and communication strategies have influenced vaccine acceptance.Key lessons from the development of the measles vaccine are compared with challenges encountered during the rapid development and deployment of COVID-19 vaccines.Results:Both historical and contemporary examples reveal commonalities and differences in addressing vaccine hesitancy.While the measles vaccine demonstrated the importance of long-term safety evaluations and public trust-building,the COVID-19 vaccine highlighted the challenges of rapid development timelines and combating misinformation in a digital age.The findings underscore the necessity of transparent communication,equitable access,and proactive engagement in overcoming hesitancy.Conclusion:Understanding the historical and contemporary dynamics of vaccine hesitancy is crucial for promoting public trust and equitable vaccination in an evolving global health landscape.Effective strategies,combining historical lessons with modern innovations,can address public concerns and enhance vaccine acceptance.展开更多
Background:Invasive meningococcal disease is a potentially life-threatening infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis.Vaccination is highly effective in preventing meningitis and reducing its associated complications...Background:Invasive meningococcal disease is a potentially life-threatening infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis.Vaccination is highly effective in preventing meningitis and reducing its associated complications.This study aims to assess the United Arab Emirates(UAE)parents meningitis knowledge and explore vaccination attitudes and practices.Methodology:An observational cross-sectional study was conducted between March and May 2024 across the UAE using convenience sampling through social media,electronic mail,and word of mouth.A 58-item questionnaire collected information regarding demographics,meningitis knowledge,attitudes and practices,and meningococcal vaccination knowledge and practices.Results:Of 443 parents included,more than a third had no knowledge about meningitis.Symptoms and severity were well-recognized overall,but clear gaps were evident regarding complications and meningococcal vaccines.Only 10.38%(46/443)identified themselves as knowledgeable/very knowledgeable regarding meningococcal vaccines.A healthcare provider recommendation was the strongest factor encouraging parents to vaccinate their child.Most vaccine hesitancy was seen regarding side effects.Views and practices regarding the two vaccines aligned closely,with more than four-fifths of participants needing more information and the major reasons for not vaccinating a child being a lack of information or lack of recommendation.Social media and governmental websites were the most common sources for learning more about meningitis,with doctors ranking third.In fact,trust in doctors varied with less than half having moderate or strong trust in their main paediatrician.Multivariate logistic regression revealed that coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination status[adjusted odds ratio(AOR):0.365,95%confidence interval(CI):0.172 to 0.774,P=0.013]and female gender(AOR:2.741,95%CI:1.184 to 6.347,P=0.019)were significant predictors of vaccine hesitancy.Conclusion:Meningococcal vaccine hesitancy is a significant concern,primarily driven by fears of side effects and lack of knowledge and physician recommendation.However,vaccine attitudes were overall positive and highly dependent on physician involvement.There is a need for targeted educational initiatives enhancing meningitis disease awareness and vaccine uptake.展开更多
Bacckground:Based on the 3C model,this study explores the current situation of HPV vaccine hesitancy among women of childbearing age and the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy.Methods:Based on the free cervical can...Bacckground:Based on the 3C model,this study explores the current situation of HPV vaccine hesitancy among women of childbearing age and the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy.Methods:Based on the free cervical cancer screening project in Baoan District,this study designed a questionnaire under the framework of vaccine hesitation 3C theory and carried out a self-filling electronic questionnaire survey among women of childbearing age.Results:The rate of HPV vaccination awareness among women of childbearing age in Bao’an District was 93.25%.HPV vaccine acceptance reached 71.55%,and 24.59%of the survey respondents experienced HPV vaccine hesitation,a high percentage of whom were hesitant.The influencing factors of HPV vaccine hesitation among women of childbearing age were perceived necessity of HPV vaccination(0.482),no one around them receiving the HPV vaccine(0.411),perception of the price of the vaccine(0.354),degree of trust in the safety of the vaccine(0.223),and degree of concern about the HPV vaccine(0.153).Conclusion:The 3C model can be used for the study of HPV vaccine hesitancy.Strengthening the publicity of HPV vaccination and improving women’s knowledge of the HPV vaccine can reduce their hesitation toward HPV vaccination.展开更多
In this manuscript,the notion of a hesitant fuzzy soft fixed point is introduced.Using this notion and the concept of Suzuki-type(μ,ν)-weak contraction for hesitant fuzzy soft set valued-mapping,some fixed point res...In this manuscript,the notion of a hesitant fuzzy soft fixed point is introduced.Using this notion and the concept of Suzuki-type(μ,ν)-weak contraction for hesitant fuzzy soft set valued-mapping,some fixed point results are established in the framework of metric spaces.Based on the presented work,some examples reflecting decision-making problems related to real life are also solved.The suggested method’s flexibility and efficacy compared to conventional techniques are demonstrated in decision-making situations involving uncertainty,such as choosing the best options in multi-criteria settings.We noted that the presented work combines and generalizes two major concepts,the idea of soft sets and hesitant fuzzy set-valued mapping from the existing literature.展开更多
The hesitant fuzzy set(HFS) is an important tool to deal with uncertain and vague information.In equipment system portfolio selection, the index attribute of the equipment system may not be expressed by precise data;i...The hesitant fuzzy set(HFS) is an important tool to deal with uncertain and vague information.In equipment system portfolio selection, the index attribute of the equipment system may not be expressed by precise data;it is usually described by qualitative information and expressed as multiple possible values.We propose a method of equipment system portfolio selection under hesitant fuzzy environment.The hesitant fuzzy element(HFE) is used to describe the index and attribute values of the equipment system.The hesitation degree of HFEs measures the uncertainty of the criterion data of the equipment system.The hesitant fuzzy grey relational analysis(GRA) method is used to evaluate the score of the equipment system, and the improved HFE distance measure is used to fully consider the influence of hesitation degree on the grey correlation degree.Based on the score and hesitation degree of the equipment system,two portfolio selection models of the equipment system and an equipment system portfolio selection case is given to illustrate the application process and effectiveness of the method.展开更多
The Hamlet’s scruple is dealt with, which has been disputed for a long time. Hamlet’s hesitation shows kindness and conscience of the human nature. Hamlet is not the individual tragedy of Hamlet, but the tragedy of ...The Hamlet’s scruple is dealt with, which has been disputed for a long time. Hamlet’s hesitation shows kindness and conscience of the human nature. Hamlet is not the individual tragedy of Hamlet, but the tragedy of the society owing to Hamlet’s uncle’s sins, which indicates the philosophy theory that if natural law is violated, it will bring about unexpected disaster.展开更多
To solve the problem that the existing situation awareness research focuses on multi-sensor data fusion,but the expert knowledge is not fully utilized,a heterogeneous informa-tion fusion recognition method based on be...To solve the problem that the existing situation awareness research focuses on multi-sensor data fusion,but the expert knowledge is not fully utilized,a heterogeneous informa-tion fusion recognition method based on belief rule structure is proposed.By defining the continuous probabilistic hesitation fuzzy linguistic term sets(CPHFLTS)and establishing CPHFLTS distance measure,the belief rule base of the relationship between feature space and category space is constructed through information integration,and the evidence reasoning of the input samples is carried out.The experimental results show that the proposed method can make full use of sensor data and expert knowledge for recognition.Compared with the other methods,the proposed method has a higher correct recognition rate under different noise levels.展开更多
The author studies the markers of searching for a word in spontaneous oral speech of Russian-speaking elderly women. The paper puts a question about age-related features of searching strategies of elderly people. Wh...The author studies the markers of searching for a word in spontaneous oral speech of Russian-speaking elderly women. The paper puts a question about age-related features of searching strategies of elderly people. While searching the informants, as a rule, recollect the only word （a noun, including their own name）, they do not choose the most suitable nominations from the available options. They often refuse to search and realize an alternative speech strategy.展开更多
Due to the limitation and hesitation in one＇s knowledge, the membership degree of an element to a given set usually has a few different values, in which the conventional fuzzy sets are invalid. Hesitant fuzzy sets ar...Due to the limitation and hesitation in one＇s knowledge, the membership degree of an element to a given set usually has a few different values, in which the conventional fuzzy sets are invalid. Hesitant fuzzy sets are a powerful tool to treat this case. The present paper focuses on investigating the clustering technique for hesitant fuzzy sets based on the K-means clustering algorithm which takes the results of hierarchical clustering as the initial clusters. Finally, two examples demonstrate the validity of our algorithm.展开更多
A simple decision method is proposed to solve the group decision making problems in which the weights of decision organizations are unknown and the preferences for alternatives are provided by double hesitant linguist...A simple decision method is proposed to solve the group decision making problems in which the weights of decision organizations are unknown and the preferences for alternatives are provided by double hesitant linguistic preference relations. First, double hesitant linguistic elements are defined as representing the uncertain assessment information in the process of group decision making accurately and comprehensively, and the double hesitant linguistic weighted averaging operator is developed based on the defined operational laws for double hesitant linguistic elements. Then, double hesitant linguistic preference relations are defined and a means to objectively determine the weights of decision organizations is put forward using the standard deviation of scores of preferences provided by the individual decision organization for altematives. Finally the correlation coefficient between the scores of preferences and the scores of preferences are provided by the other decision organizations. Accordingly, a group decision method based on double hesitant linguistic preference relations is proposed, and a practical example of the Jiudianxia reservoir operation alternative selection is used to illustrate the practicability and validity of the method. Finally, the proposed method is compared with the existing methods. Comparative results show that the proposed method can deal with the double hesitant linguistic preference information directly, does not need any information transformation, and can thus reduce the loss of original decision information.展开更多
Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has had a serious impact on health all over the world. Cancer patient, whose immunity is often compromised, faces a huge challenge.Currently, some COVID-19 va...Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has had a serious impact on health all over the world. Cancer patient, whose immunity is often compromised, faces a huge challenge.Currently, some COVID-19 vaccines are being developed and applied on general population;however,whether cancer patients should take COVID-19 vaccine remains unknown. Our study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, acceptance, and predictors of intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among cancer patients in Eastern China.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Eastern China from June 17 th to September 3 rd, 2021.Patients were selected using a convenience sampling method. A self-report questionnaire was developed to assess knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine, attitude towards the vaccine and acceptance of the vaccine;following a review of similar studies previously published in the scientific literature, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.Results: A total of 2158 cancer patients were enrolled in this study. The rate of vaccine hesitancy was 24.05%(519/2158);further, among the participants of vaccine acceptance, 767 had taken COVID-19 vaccine(35.54%), and 872 were willing to get vaccinated(40.01%). A total of 24 variables including demographic characteristics, clinical status of cancer, impact of COVID-19 pandemic on study participants,patients’ knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine, and attitude towards the vaccine, had significant differences between the ‘‘vaccine hesitancy" population and ‘‘vaccine acceptance" population.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that parameters including alcohol consumption(odds ratio [OR] = 1.849;95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.375–2.488;P-reference [P-Ref] < 0.001 vs nondrinkers), income impacted by COVID-19 pandemic(OR = 1.930, 2.037 and 2.688 for mild, moderate,and severe impact, respectively;all P-Ref < 0.01 vs no impact), knowledge of how the vaccine was developed(OR = 1.616;95% CI: 1.126–2.318;P-Ref = 0.009 vs unknown), believing in the safety of the vaccine(OR = 1.502;95% CI: 1.024–2.203;P-Ref = 0.038 vs denying the safety of vaccine), willingness to pay for the vaccine(OR = 3.042;95% CI: 2.376–3.894;P-Ref < 0.001 vs unwilling), and willingness to recommend families and friends to get vaccinated(OR = 2.744;95% CI: 1.759–4.280;P-Ref < 0.001 vs do not recommend) were contributors to vaccine acceptance. While such as being retired(OR = 0.586;95% CI: 0.438–0.784;P-Ref < 0.001 vs unemployed), undergoing multiple therapies of cancer(OR = 0.408;95% CI: 0.221–0.753;P-Ref = 0.004 vs no ongoing treatment), and worrying that the vaccine might deteriorate the prognosis of cancer(OR = 0.393;95% CI: 0.307–0.504;P-Ref < 0.001 vs might not) were contributors to vaccine hesitancy.Conclusion: This study provided preliminary estimates of the rates of vaccine acceptance and vaccine hesitancy among cancer patients in Eastern China. The intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was impacted by factors such as patient occupation, alcohol consumption, and some parts of knowledge about and attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine. It is recommended to develop individualized vaccination plans that meet the healthcare needs of cancer patients.展开更多
文摘T.S Elliot's the Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock is just Prufrock's inner monologue revealing that he was ripped apart by the struggle within him between his sense and his sensibility. According the analysis of the whole song, we can find that the speaker is a vacillating person, his character leads to his tragedy. His hesitation brings him the deepest misery and suffering.
基金Uzbekistan to China International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation:IL-8724053120-R11National Research Foundation of Korea:NRF-2025S1A5A2A01011466.
文摘Hesitation analysis plays a crucial role in decision-making processes by capturing the intermediary position between supportive and opposing information.This study introduces a refined approach to addressing uncertainty in decision-making,employing existing measures used in decision problems.Building on information theory,the Kullback–Leibler(KL)divergence is extended to incorporate additional insights,specifically by applying temporal data,as illustrated by time series data fromtwo datasets(e.g.,affirmative and dissent information).Cumulative hesitation provides quantifiable insights into the decision-making process.Accordingly,a modified KL divergence,which incorporates historical trends,is proposed,enabling dynamic updates using conditional probability.The efficacy of this enhanced KL divergence is validated through a case study predicting Korean election outcomes.Immediate and historical data are processed using direct hesitation calculations and accumulated temporal information.The computational example demonstrates that the proposed KL divergence yields favorable results compared to existing methods.
基金financially supported by the funding(No.JA09291)from the Fujian Education Department,Chinathe Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)under its Discovery Grant program the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71272129 and 71271188)
文摘Building upon the concept of Dα operator introduced by Atanassov （1989）, thin article proposes an improved objective approach and a hybrid approach to operationalize Dα so that the hesitation in an intuitionistic fuzzy number （IFN） can be further refined and characterized. Numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate the features and novelty of the proposed approach compared to existing methods in the literature. The aim is to furnish an effective way to refine hesitations in intuitionistic fuzzy assessments for more reliable and confident decision aids.
文摘Background:Despite highly effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2,COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy persisted in some populations in England during the pandemic,with rates and motivations for hesitancy varying by demographic group.Addressing the drivers of vaccine hesitancy through targeted interventions in hesitant groups is a public health priority for better and more rapid control of disease spread.We aimed to characterise the determinants and subtypes of vaccine hesitancy and identify more persistent forms of hesitancy via analysis of vaccine uptake in a large cross-sectional cohort with linked National Health Service(NHS)data.
文摘Objective:This review aimed to identify the barriers and facilitators to equitable coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccine distribution in Nigeria using the consolidated framework for implementation research(CFIR).Methods:A comprehensive search strategy was applied across five databases—Web of Science,MEDLINE,EMBASE,CAB Direct,and CINAHL.The search,conducted as part of a scoping review,yielded 2,751 citations.Seven studies met the inclusion criteria after screening.Data were extracted and analyzed using CFIR constructs to identify key barriers and facilitators to equitable vaccine distribution.Results:Six barriers were identified:limited physical and socioeconomic access,bribery,nepotism,and insufficient availability of translated information.Facilitators included community involvement as local monitoring agents,unannounced staff inspections,healthcare worker training tailored to community needs,and localized outreach strategies such as jingles and call-in programs.CFIR constructs,including Local Conditions,Tailoring Strategies,Available Resources,and Physical Infrastructure,provided a framework for analyzing the findings.Conclusion:This review highlights significant barriers and promising facilitators to equitable vaccine distribution in Nigeria.Targeted interventions,such as community engagement,anti-corruption measures,and culturally tailored strategies,are critical to addressing these challenges and improving access.These findings underscore the need for localized,equity-focused approaches to enhance vaccine distribution systems in Nigeria and other low-resource settings.
文摘Objective:To examine the change in COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy according to descriptive characteristics,characteristics related to COVID-19,health literacy(HL)skills related to booster dose.Methods:The inclusion criterion was the completion of the primary scheme as two doses of COVID-19 vaccine.The study was conducted in January 2022 by applying face-to-face interview technique.Questions regarding HL were used to question the ability of individuals to access,understand,interpret and use information regarding the COVID-19 booster dose in their decisions.Results:A total of 1210 people were included in this study with an mean age of(41.3±16.6)years,and 51.4%were women.In multivariate analysis,hesitation increased in the"moderately concerned"(aOR 2.65,95%CI 1.09-6.45),"slightly concerned"(aOR 3.01,95%CI 1.26-7.19),"not concerned at all”(aOR 5.69,95%CI 2.27-14.28)groups compared to the group“extremely concerned”about COVID-19 transmission.Those with Sinovac-CoronaVac as their most recent vaccine had increased hesitation compared to those with Pfizer-BioNTech(aOR 3.68,95%CI 2.05-6.61).The effect of HL skills including“accessing”,“understanding”,and“appraising”information on hesitation was not statistically significant(P>0.05).HL skill of“applying”was assessed with ability of information to help decision making.Whether the information is helpful for decision-making,the risk of hesitancy increased for those who stated that it"sometimes helps"(aOR 2.55;95%CI 1.31-4.99)and"never helps"(aOR 11.62;95%CI 3.03-44.58)compared to those who stated that it"always helps".Conclusions:The increased propability of hesitation in those less concerned about COVID-19 transmission shows the importance of appropriately guiding individuals'concern levels with a health communication strategy based on risk communication.The fact that the only HL skill with a significant effect in the multivariate model was“applying”,shows the critical role of this skill in influencing behavioral changes.
文摘In this commentary,we respond to Zhao et al’s recent paper which focuses on mechanisms underlying insomnia sufferers’engagement with acupuncture.Insomnia,a prevalent condition characterized by difficulty falling asleep and poor sleep quality,is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease,diabetes,and psychiatric illness.Acupuncture,a method involving the therapeutic placement of needles,has been widely accepted as a treatment for insomnia with minimal side effects.In fact,clinical trials suggest auricular acupuncture may improve sleep duration more than cognitive behavioral therapy.However,responses to acupuncture vary.Some patients find it extremely beneficial,while others view it as a routine treatment—or avoid it altogether due to needle phobia.Patient engagement is influenced by cultural beliefs,encouragement,motivation,prior experiences,and recommendations from peers or clinicians.Trust in the physician and testimonials from recovered patients are particularly important facilitators.Looking ahead,a holistic approach-integrating acupuncture with meditation,pranayama,yoga,and other restorative practices-may enhance treatment effectiveness and help patients achieve restorative sleep.
基金funded by Ongoing Research Funding program(ORF-2025-749),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Cyber threat detection is a crucial aspect of contemporary cybersecurity due to the depth and complexity of cyberattacks.It is the identification of malicious activity,unauthorized access,and possible intrusions in networks and systems.Modern detection methods employ artificial intelligence and machine learning to study vast amounts of data,learn patterns,and anticipate potential threats.Real-time monitoring and anomaly detection improve the capacity to react to changing threats more rapidly.Cyber threat detection systems aim to reduce false positives and provide complete coverage against the broadest possible attacks.This research advocates for proactive measures and adaptive technologies in defending digital environments.Improvements in detection ability by organizations will assist in safeguarding assets and integrity in operations in this increasingly digital world.This paper draws on the categorization of cyber threat detection methods using hesitant bipolar fuzzy Frank operators.Categorization is a step that is necessary for systematic comparison and assessment of detection methods so that the most suitable method for particular cybersecurity requirements is chosen.Furthermore,this research manages uncertainty and vagueness that exists in decision-making by applying hesitant bipolar fuzzy logic.The importance of the work lies in how it fortifies cybersecurity architectures with a formal method of discovering optimal detection measures and improving responsiveness,resulting in holistic protection against dynamic threats.
基金supported by The National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2024YFA0917200)University of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2024YCHX07)Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.CX2110240028).
文摘Background:Vaccine hesitancy remains a pressing global challenge,impacting the acceptance and distribution of both long-established and newly developed vaccines.This paper investigates the multifaceted nature of vaccine hesitancy,focusing on the development of the measles vaccine as a historical case study,while drawing comparisons to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Methods:The study employs a historical and comparative approach to analyze vaccine hesitancy.It examines how technological advances,public policy,and communication strategies have influenced vaccine acceptance.Key lessons from the development of the measles vaccine are compared with challenges encountered during the rapid development and deployment of COVID-19 vaccines.Results:Both historical and contemporary examples reveal commonalities and differences in addressing vaccine hesitancy.While the measles vaccine demonstrated the importance of long-term safety evaluations and public trust-building,the COVID-19 vaccine highlighted the challenges of rapid development timelines and combating misinformation in a digital age.The findings underscore the necessity of transparent communication,equitable access,and proactive engagement in overcoming hesitancy.Conclusion:Understanding the historical and contemporary dynamics of vaccine hesitancy is crucial for promoting public trust and equitable vaccination in an evolving global health landscape.Effective strategies,combining historical lessons with modern innovations,can address public concerns and enhance vaccine acceptance.
文摘Background:Invasive meningococcal disease is a potentially life-threatening infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis.Vaccination is highly effective in preventing meningitis and reducing its associated complications.This study aims to assess the United Arab Emirates(UAE)parents meningitis knowledge and explore vaccination attitudes and practices.Methodology:An observational cross-sectional study was conducted between March and May 2024 across the UAE using convenience sampling through social media,electronic mail,and word of mouth.A 58-item questionnaire collected information regarding demographics,meningitis knowledge,attitudes and practices,and meningococcal vaccination knowledge and practices.Results:Of 443 parents included,more than a third had no knowledge about meningitis.Symptoms and severity were well-recognized overall,but clear gaps were evident regarding complications and meningococcal vaccines.Only 10.38%(46/443)identified themselves as knowledgeable/very knowledgeable regarding meningococcal vaccines.A healthcare provider recommendation was the strongest factor encouraging parents to vaccinate their child.Most vaccine hesitancy was seen regarding side effects.Views and practices regarding the two vaccines aligned closely,with more than four-fifths of participants needing more information and the major reasons for not vaccinating a child being a lack of information or lack of recommendation.Social media and governmental websites were the most common sources for learning more about meningitis,with doctors ranking third.In fact,trust in doctors varied with less than half having moderate or strong trust in their main paediatrician.Multivariate logistic regression revealed that coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination status[adjusted odds ratio(AOR):0.365,95%confidence interval(CI):0.172 to 0.774,P=0.013]and female gender(AOR:2.741,95%CI:1.184 to 6.347,P=0.019)were significant predictors of vaccine hesitancy.Conclusion:Meningococcal vaccine hesitancy is a significant concern,primarily driven by fears of side effects and lack of knowledge and physician recommendation.However,vaccine attitudes were overall positive and highly dependent on physician involvement.There is a need for targeted educational initiatives enhancing meningitis disease awareness and vaccine uptake.
基金District of Medical and Health Research Project(2023JD212)Shenzhen Bao’an District of Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Project(2023ZYYLCZX-12)+2 种基金Shenzhen“Medical and Health Three Projects”Project Grant(SZZYSM 202106003)Weifang Health Committee Scientific Research Project(wfwsjk-2023-170)Shenzhen Pingshan District of Health System Research Project(2024334).
文摘Bacckground:Based on the 3C model,this study explores the current situation of HPV vaccine hesitancy among women of childbearing age and the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy.Methods:Based on the free cervical cancer screening project in Baoan District,this study designed a questionnaire under the framework of vaccine hesitation 3C theory and carried out a self-filling electronic questionnaire survey among women of childbearing age.Results:The rate of HPV vaccination awareness among women of childbearing age in Bao’an District was 93.25%.HPV vaccine acceptance reached 71.55%,and 24.59%of the survey respondents experienced HPV vaccine hesitation,a high percentage of whom were hesitant.The influencing factors of HPV vaccine hesitation among women of childbearing age were perceived necessity of HPV vaccination(0.482),no one around them receiving the HPV vaccine(0.411),perception of the price of the vaccine(0.354),degree of trust in the safety of the vaccine(0.223),and degree of concern about the HPV vaccine(0.153).Conclusion:The 3C model can be used for the study of HPV vaccine hesitancy.Strengthening the publicity of HPV vaccination and improving women’s knowledge of the HPV vaccine can reduce their hesitation toward HPV vaccination.
基金funded by National Science,Research and Innovation Fund(NSRF)King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok with Contract No.KMUTNB-FF-68-B-46.
文摘In this manuscript,the notion of a hesitant fuzzy soft fixed point is introduced.Using this notion and the concept of Suzuki-type(μ,ν)-weak contraction for hesitant fuzzy soft set valued-mapping,some fixed point results are established in the framework of metric spaces.Based on the presented work,some examples reflecting decision-making problems related to real life are also solved.The suggested method’s flexibility and efficacy compared to conventional techniques are demonstrated in decision-making situations involving uncertainty,such as choosing the best options in multi-criteria settings.We noted that the presented work combines and generalizes two major concepts,the idea of soft sets and hesitant fuzzy set-valued mapping from the existing literature.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (7190121471690233)。
文摘The hesitant fuzzy set(HFS) is an important tool to deal with uncertain and vague information.In equipment system portfolio selection, the index attribute of the equipment system may not be expressed by precise data;it is usually described by qualitative information and expressed as multiple possible values.We propose a method of equipment system portfolio selection under hesitant fuzzy environment.The hesitant fuzzy element(HFE) is used to describe the index and attribute values of the equipment system.The hesitation degree of HFEs measures the uncertainty of the criterion data of the equipment system.The hesitant fuzzy grey relational analysis(GRA) method is used to evaluate the score of the equipment system, and the improved HFE distance measure is used to fully consider the influence of hesitation degree on the grey correlation degree.Based on the score and hesitation degree of the equipment system,two portfolio selection models of the equipment system and an equipment system portfolio selection case is given to illustrate the application process and effectiveness of the method.
文摘The Hamlet’s scruple is dealt with, which has been disputed for a long time. Hamlet’s hesitation shows kindness and conscience of the human nature. Hamlet is not the individual tragedy of Hamlet, but the tragedy of the society owing to Hamlet’s uncle’s sins, which indicates the philosophy theory that if natural law is violated, it will bring about unexpected disaster.
基金This work was supported by the Youth Foundation of National Science Foundation of China(62001503)the Special Fund for Taishan Scholar Project(ts 201712072).
文摘To solve the problem that the existing situation awareness research focuses on multi-sensor data fusion,but the expert knowledge is not fully utilized,a heterogeneous informa-tion fusion recognition method based on belief rule structure is proposed.By defining the continuous probabilistic hesitation fuzzy linguistic term sets(CPHFLTS)and establishing CPHFLTS distance measure,the belief rule base of the relationship between feature space and category space is constructed through information integration,and the evidence reasoning of the input samples is carried out.The experimental results show that the proposed method can make full use of sensor data and expert knowledge for recognition.Compared with the other methods,the proposed method has a higher correct recognition rate under different noise levels.
文摘The author studies the markers of searching for a word in spontaneous oral speech of Russian-speaking elderly women. The paper puts a question about age-related features of searching strategies of elderly people. While searching the informants, as a rule, recollect the only word （a noun, including their own name）, they do not choose the most suitable nominations from the available options. They often refuse to search and realize an alternative speech strategy.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61273209)
文摘Due to the limitation and hesitation in one＇s knowledge, the membership degree of an element to a given set usually has a few different values, in which the conventional fuzzy sets are invalid. Hesitant fuzzy sets are a powerful tool to treat this case. The present paper focuses on investigating the clustering technique for hesitant fuzzy sets based on the K-means clustering algorithm which takes the results of hierarchical clustering as the initial clusters. Finally, two examples demonstrate the validity of our algorithm.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61273209,71571123)the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Southeast University(No.YBJJ1527)the Scientific Innovation Research of College Graduates in Jiangsu Province(No.KYLX_0207)
文摘A simple decision method is proposed to solve the group decision making problems in which the weights of decision organizations are unknown and the preferences for alternatives are provided by double hesitant linguistic preference relations. First, double hesitant linguistic elements are defined as representing the uncertain assessment information in the process of group decision making accurately and comprehensively, and the double hesitant linguistic weighted averaging operator is developed based on the defined operational laws for double hesitant linguistic elements. Then, double hesitant linguistic preference relations are defined and a means to objectively determine the weights of decision organizations is put forward using the standard deviation of scores of preferences provided by the individual decision organization for altematives. Finally the correlation coefficient between the scores of preferences and the scores of preferences are provided by the other decision organizations. Accordingly, a group decision method based on double hesitant linguistic preference relations is proposed, and a practical example of the Jiudianxia reservoir operation alternative selection is used to illustrate the practicability and validity of the method. Finally, the proposed method is compared with the existing methods. Comparative results show that the proposed method can deal with the double hesitant linguistic preference information directly, does not need any information transformation, and can thus reduce the loss of original decision information.
基金supported by National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine’s Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovation“Hundreds and Thousands”Talent Project(Qihuang Project)Qihuang Scholars Support FundNational Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82030117)。
文摘Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has had a serious impact on health all over the world. Cancer patient, whose immunity is often compromised, faces a huge challenge.Currently, some COVID-19 vaccines are being developed and applied on general population;however,whether cancer patients should take COVID-19 vaccine remains unknown. Our study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, acceptance, and predictors of intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among cancer patients in Eastern China.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Eastern China from June 17 th to September 3 rd, 2021.Patients were selected using a convenience sampling method. A self-report questionnaire was developed to assess knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine, attitude towards the vaccine and acceptance of the vaccine;following a review of similar studies previously published in the scientific literature, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.Results: A total of 2158 cancer patients were enrolled in this study. The rate of vaccine hesitancy was 24.05%(519/2158);further, among the participants of vaccine acceptance, 767 had taken COVID-19 vaccine(35.54%), and 872 were willing to get vaccinated(40.01%). A total of 24 variables including demographic characteristics, clinical status of cancer, impact of COVID-19 pandemic on study participants,patients’ knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine, and attitude towards the vaccine, had significant differences between the ‘‘vaccine hesitancy" population and ‘‘vaccine acceptance" population.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that parameters including alcohol consumption(odds ratio [OR] = 1.849;95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.375–2.488;P-reference [P-Ref] < 0.001 vs nondrinkers), income impacted by COVID-19 pandemic(OR = 1.930, 2.037 and 2.688 for mild, moderate,and severe impact, respectively;all P-Ref < 0.01 vs no impact), knowledge of how the vaccine was developed(OR = 1.616;95% CI: 1.126–2.318;P-Ref = 0.009 vs unknown), believing in the safety of the vaccine(OR = 1.502;95% CI: 1.024–2.203;P-Ref = 0.038 vs denying the safety of vaccine), willingness to pay for the vaccine(OR = 3.042;95% CI: 2.376–3.894;P-Ref < 0.001 vs unwilling), and willingness to recommend families and friends to get vaccinated(OR = 2.744;95% CI: 1.759–4.280;P-Ref < 0.001 vs do not recommend) were contributors to vaccine acceptance. While such as being retired(OR = 0.586;95% CI: 0.438–0.784;P-Ref < 0.001 vs unemployed), undergoing multiple therapies of cancer(OR = 0.408;95% CI: 0.221–0.753;P-Ref = 0.004 vs no ongoing treatment), and worrying that the vaccine might deteriorate the prognosis of cancer(OR = 0.393;95% CI: 0.307–0.504;P-Ref < 0.001 vs might not) were contributors to vaccine hesitancy.Conclusion: This study provided preliminary estimates of the rates of vaccine acceptance and vaccine hesitancy among cancer patients in Eastern China. The intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was impacted by factors such as patient occupation, alcohol consumption, and some parts of knowledge about and attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine. It is recommended to develop individualized vaccination plans that meet the healthcare needs of cancer patients.
