Developing earth-abundant-electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction is one of the promising ways to achieve efficient water-splitting for hydrogen production(a clean chemical fuel).This paper reviews the activi...Developing earth-abundant-electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction is one of the promising ways to achieve efficient water-splitting for hydrogen production(a clean chemical fuel).This paper reviews the activity,stability and durability for hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline medium of different types of recently reported potential electrocatalysts such as Ni,Co,NiCo,Fe,Cu,W,Mo,Se,Mn.Zn,V,and metal free based earth-abundant-electrocatalysts.Further,this paper reviews the strategies used to achieve the remarkably low overpotential(including r/i0:<35mV),high long term stability(including^:100 h)and high durability(including>5000 cycles)of potential earth-abundant-electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline medium and those are better or well comparable with the state-of-the-art,noble,Pt/C electrocatalyst.Finally,this paper summarizes the efficient strategies such as preparing porous structured materials,preparing nanostructured materials with superaerophobic surface,preparing nanostructured materials,preparing carbon composites/integrating electrocatalysts with carbon,preparing amorphous materials,preparing materials w让h oxygen vacancies/defects,preparing metal chalcogenides,preparing bimetallic/multi-metallic materials,doping metals or heteroatoms,preparing electrocatalysts with core-shell structure,decorating electrocatalysts with amines,preparing homojunction/heterojunction structured materials,preparing hollow structured materials,and preparing boronrich surface to enhance the activity,stability,and durability for HER.展开更多
Though water electrolysis is effective in generating high-quality hydrogen gas,it requires effective electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).CoS_2 have been considered as a promising HER electrocatalyst ...Though water electrolysis is effective in generating high-quality hydrogen gas,it requires effective electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).CoS_2 have been considered as a promising HER electrocatalyst because of its high ctalytic activity.However,the key limitation for CoS_2 nanomaterial as HER electrocatalyst is its poor stability,which may be due to the structural breakdown of CoS_2 nanostructure or the evolution of S during H_2 evolution in acid media.Coating porous carbon thin layer for protection from structural breakdown and evolution of S is a good way to improve catalytic stability.In addition,coating carbon layer can change electronic structure of CoS_2 for the moderated hydrogen adsorption energy,leading to enhanced catalytic activity.Here,CoS_2 yolk-shell spheres coated with carbon thin layers exhibit superior catalytic performance for HER with low overpotential,small Tafel slope,and excellent stability.展开更多
With continuous research on photocatalytic water splitting, searching for efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) becomes popular topic in addition to main catalyst research. Transition metal phosphide...With continuous research on photocatalytic water splitting, searching for efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) becomes popular topic in addition to main catalyst research. Transition metal phosphides are receiving intense attention due to its abundance in the Earth's crust and comparable catalytic properties to noble metals. In this review, the synthesis approaches, HER reaction mechanism,photocatalytic activity, approaches to improve the activity of transition metal phosphides were reviewed and discussed. It was showed that the transition metal phosphides have great potential to reduce the cost of photocatalyst and promising application on water splitting. The stability problem and participation of poisonous reactant and product in its synthesis reaction limit its application and developing in a certain extent, but with the continuous efforts on the development and improvement of the synthesis methods,transition metal phosphides will find wide application in water splitting.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Innovative Research Team in the University+4 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholarsthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe longterm subsidy mechanism from the Ministry of Financethe Ministry of Education of People’s Republic of China (PRC)the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology, Government of India (Reference No. PDF/2017/000015)
文摘Developing earth-abundant-electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction is one of the promising ways to achieve efficient water-splitting for hydrogen production(a clean chemical fuel).This paper reviews the activity,stability and durability for hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline medium of different types of recently reported potential electrocatalysts such as Ni,Co,NiCo,Fe,Cu,W,Mo,Se,Mn.Zn,V,and metal free based earth-abundant-electrocatalysts.Further,this paper reviews the strategies used to achieve the remarkably low overpotential(including r/i0:<35mV),high long term stability(including^:100 h)and high durability(including>5000 cycles)of potential earth-abundant-electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline medium and those are better or well comparable with the state-of-the-art,noble,Pt/C electrocatalyst.Finally,this paper summarizes the efficient strategies such as preparing porous structured materials,preparing nanostructured materials with superaerophobic surface,preparing nanostructured materials,preparing carbon composites/integrating electrocatalysts with carbon,preparing amorphous materials,preparing materials w让h oxygen vacancies/defects,preparing metal chalcogenides,preparing bimetallic/multi-metallic materials,doping metals or heteroatoms,preparing electrocatalysts with core-shell structure,decorating electrocatalysts with amines,preparing homojunction/heterojunction structured materials,preparing hollow structured materials,and preparing boronrich surface to enhance the activity,stability,and durability for HER.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2015CB932304,2016YFA0202603)the Natural Science Foundation of China (No.91645104)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.S2013020012833,2016A010104004)the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities(No.16lgjc67)
文摘Though water electrolysis is effective in generating high-quality hydrogen gas,it requires effective electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).CoS_2 have been considered as a promising HER electrocatalyst because of its high ctalytic activity.However,the key limitation for CoS_2 nanomaterial as HER electrocatalyst is its poor stability,which may be due to the structural breakdown of CoS_2 nanostructure or the evolution of S during H_2 evolution in acid media.Coating porous carbon thin layer for protection from structural breakdown and evolution of S is a good way to improve catalytic stability.In addition,coating carbon layer can change electronic structure of CoS_2 for the moderated hydrogen adsorption energy,leading to enhanced catalytic activity.Here,CoS_2 yolk-shell spheres coated with carbon thin layers exhibit superior catalytic performance for HER with low overpotential,small Tafel slope,and excellent stability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51202186,21606175 and 51323011)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University (xjj2016039)
文摘With continuous research on photocatalytic water splitting, searching for efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) becomes popular topic in addition to main catalyst research. Transition metal phosphides are receiving intense attention due to its abundance in the Earth's crust and comparable catalytic properties to noble metals. In this review, the synthesis approaches, HER reaction mechanism,photocatalytic activity, approaches to improve the activity of transition metal phosphides were reviewed and discussed. It was showed that the transition metal phosphides have great potential to reduce the cost of photocatalyst and promising application on water splitting. The stability problem and participation of poisonous reactant and product in its synthesis reaction limit its application and developing in a certain extent, but with the continuous efforts on the development and improvement of the synthesis methods,transition metal phosphides will find wide application in water splitting.
