目前普通系统评价/Meta分析都被要求遵循PRISMA(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses)进行规范报告。PRISMA harms清单是PRISMA报告规范的衍生版,其主要针对安全性系统评价如何进行报告提出条件要求。P...目前普通系统评价/Meta分析都被要求遵循PRISMA(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses)进行规范报告。PRISMA harms清单是PRISMA报告规范的衍生版,其主要针对安全性系统评价如何进行报告提出条件要求。PRISMA harms清单包括标题、摘要、前言、方法、结果、讨论和资助等需要报告的27个条目内容。该规范包括了清单、详尽的解释性文本以方便使用。通过应用PRISMA harms清单,作者、期刊编辑和同行评议者可促进安全性系统评价报告的质量。展开更多
Gastric cancer has remained a serious burden worldwide, particularly in East Asian countries. However, nationwide prevention and screening programs for gastric cancer have not yet been established in most countries ex...Gastric cancer has remained a serious burden worldwide, particularly in East Asian countries. However, nationwide prevention and screening programs for gastric cancer have not yet been established in most countries except in South Korea and Japan. Although evidence regarding the effectiveness of endoscopic screening for gastric cancer has been increasingly accumulated, such evidence remains weak because it is based on results from studies other than randomized controlled trials. Specifically, evidence was mostly based on the results of cohort and case-control studies mainly conducted in South Korea and Japan. However, the consistent positive results from these studies suggest promising evidence of mortality reduction from gastric cancer by endoscopic screening. The major harms of endoscopic screening include infection, adverse effects, false-positive results, and overdiagnosis. Despite the possible harms of endoscopic screening, information regarding these harms remains insufficient. To provide appropriate cancer screening, a balance of benefits and harms should always be considered when cancer screening is introduced as a public policy. Quality assurance is very important for the implementation of cancer screening to provide high-quality and safe screening and minimize harms. Endoscopic screening for gastric cancer has shown promising results, and thus deserves further evaluation to reliably establish its effectiveness and optimal use.展开更多
The herbal plant Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms is natural herb of Changbaishan in Jilin Province of China, which belongs to the Araliaceae family. As the ingredients of folk medicine, it has long been used to treat a ...The herbal plant Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms is natural herb of Changbaishan in Jilin Province of China, which belongs to the Araliaceae family. As the ingredients of folk medicine, it has long been used to treat a variety of human diseases, such as cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, tumor, isochemic heart diseases, hypertension, rheumatic arthritis, etc. E2,33. Flavonoids, a class of constituent compounds, which have a broad distribution in the nature and are found in Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms, have gained particular attention. A number of studies have shown that flavonoid compounds have wide biological activities, such as anti-aging, anticancer, anti-HIV,展开更多
Three new compounds named (2E)prenyl benzoate-4-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl (1→6) β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 7-methoxy-8-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl coumarin (2), and 3,4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxy benzenepentanoic acid (3) ...Three new compounds named (2E)prenyl benzoate-4-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl (1→6) β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 7-methoxy-8-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl coumarin (2), and 3,4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxy benzenepentanoic acid (3) were isolated from the leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms. The structures of new compounds were determined by means of 2D NMR experiments and chemical methods.展开更多
Flavonols were extracted from Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms by Soxhlet extraction（SE）,atmospheric pressure microwave-assisted extraction（AMAE） and pressurized microwave-assisted extraction（PMAE）.The influences o...Flavonols were extracted from Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms by Soxhlet extraction（SE）,atmospheric pressure microwave-assisted extraction（AMAE） and pressurized microwave-assisted extraction（PMAE）.The influences of experimental conditions,such as concentration of ethanol in the eluent,microwave irradiation time,etc.on the extraction yield were studied.Four flavonols（hyperin,rutin,quercitrin and quercetin） in the extracts were determined quantitatively by HPLC method.The experimental results demonstrate the advantages of PMAE and AMAE over those of conventional SE,that is the extraction time is dramatically reduced,and the yields of flavonols are effective improved.Although the yield of flavonols is higher and the extraction time is shorter by PMAE than those of AMAE,flavonols are easy to be decomposed over a certain time.展开更多
In order to optimize the ultrasonic extraction technique for the total flavonoid of leaf yellows plus, the contents of 21 leaf yellows plus total flavonoid from four regions in Heilongjiang Province were comparatively...In order to optimize the ultrasonic extraction technique for the total flavonoid of leaf yellows plus, the contents of 21 leaf yellows plus total flavonoid from four regions in Heilongjiang Province were comparatively analyzed. The ultrasonic extraction technology was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface method, and the total flavonoid content of 21 kinds of Acanthopanax senticosus(Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms from different producing areas were analyzed by cluster analysis. The optimal process conditions were determined as ultrasonic time 30 min, solid-liquid ratio 1 : 12 and ultrasonic power 250 W, and the average yield of the total flavonoid was 1.453 mg·g^ (-1). By optimizing the ultrasonic-assisted extraction method, the total flavonoid content from different producing areas was compared in the experiment, which provided certain data support for the optimization of the extraction process in the future and laid a certain theoretical foundation for the quality analysis of Chinese medicinal materials.展开更多
A case of compound C3 distal femur fracture with 12 cm bone defect. After thorough debridement, the Harms cage was used to reconstruct the medial column and the fracture was fixed with the locking distal femur plate l...A case of compound C3 distal femur fracture with 12 cm bone defect. After thorough debridement, the Harms cage was used to reconstruct the medial column and the fracture was fixed with the locking distal femur plate laterally. The Harms cage prevents the cantilever effect and eliminates the need for medial plating. This avoids another medial incision and preserves medial biology. At 18 months’ follow-up, plain radiographs demonstrated full reconstruction of the medial column with good range of motion at the knee joint. This technique avoids the need of dual plating in these fractures with good results.展开更多
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and orthogonal design were adopted to study the extraction technol...[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and orthogonal design were adopted to study the extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms. [Results]The optimum extraction conditions were determined as follows: extraction solvent( 70% methanol),solid-liquid ratio( 1∶ 35),and reflux extraction time( 60 min). Under these conditions,the yield of crude extract from total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms was 38. 67 mg/g.[Conclusions] The technology was simple,and of low cost and high extraction rate,suitable for the extraction of total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.展开更多
Objective:The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have been increasing around the world.Current guidelines recommend HCC screening in high-risk population.However,the strength of evidence of ben-ef...Objective:The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have been increasing around the world.Current guidelines recommend HCC screening in high-risk population.However,the strength of evidence of ben-efits and harms of HCC screening to support the recommendation was unclear.The objective is to systematically synthesize current evidence on the benefits and harms of HCC screening.Methods:We searched PubMed and nine other databases until August 20,2021.We included cohort studies and RCTs that compared the benefits and harms of screening and non-screening in high-risk population of HCC.Case series studies that reported harms of HCC screening were also included.Pooled risk ratio(RR),according to HCC screening status,was calculated for each benefit outcome(e.g.,HCC mortality,survival rate,proportion of early HCC),using head-to-head meta-analysis.The harmful outcomes(e.g.,proportion of physiological harms provided by non-comparative studies were pooled by prevalence of meta-analysis).Analysis on publication bias and quality of life,subgroup analysis,and sensitivity analysis were also conducted.Results:We included 70 studies,including four random clinical trials(RCTs),63 cohort studies,three case se-ries studies.The meta-analysis of RCTs showed HCC screening was significantly associated with reduced HCC mortality(RR[risk ratio],0.73[95%CI,0.56-0.96];I^(2)=75.1%),prolonged overall survival rates(1-year,RR,1.72[95%CI,1.13-2.61];I^(2)=72.5%;3-year,RR,2.86[95%CI,1.78-4.58];I^(2)=10.1%;and 5-year,RR,2.76[95%CI,1.37-5.54];I^(2)=28.3%),increased proportion of early HCC detection(RR,2.68[95%CI,1.77-4.06];I^(2)=50.4%).Similarly,meta-analysis of cohort studies indicated HCC screening was more effective than non-screening.However,pooled proportion of physiological harms was 16.30%(95%CI:8.92%-23.67%)and most harms were of a mild to moderate severity.Conclusion:The existing evidence suggests HCC screening is more effective than non-screening in high-risk pop-ulation.However,harms of screening should not be ignored.展开更多
Mycotoxin is widely distributed in various feedstuffs and feeds of animals.Mycotoxin not only causes feed deterioration,but also leads to various diseases of animals,or even results in acute toxic death,causing great ...Mycotoxin is widely distributed in various feedstuffs and feeds of animals.Mycotoxin not only causes feed deterioration,but also leads to various diseases of animals,or even results in acute toxic death,causing great harm to the breeding industry.In this paper,the harm of mycotoxin to animals and its detection methods in feed and animals are summarized and analyzed,so as to provide the reference basis for further improving the detection methods of mycotoxin and reducing the harm of mycotoxin to breeding industry.展开更多
A ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(UPLC-ESI MS)method was developed for the analysis of saponins in crude extracts from Acanthopanax senticosus Harms.The analysis was p...A ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(UPLC-ESI MS)method was developed for the analysis of saponins in crude extracts from Acanthopanax senticosus Harms.The analysis was performed on a reversed-phase C18 column using a binary eluent(methanol and 0.2% aqueous HCOOH) under gradient conditions.Three major peaks were detected in the negative ion mode.The molecular -ions of saponins were observed,and the relative molecular mass were obtained.The structure of the ginsenosides was identified by a collision induced dissociation(CID) experiment.The UPLC-ESI MS method was particularly useful in the identification of some saponins.展开更多
A new report from Jeanologia highlights theurgent need for the denim industry to adopt saferalternatives to harmful chemicals.The study alsostresses reducing excessive water use in garmentfinishing.The report,compiled...A new report from Jeanologia highlights theurgent need for the denim industry to adopt saferalternatives to harmful chemicals.The study alsostresses reducing excessive water use in garmentfinishing.The report,compiled in 2024,analyzed datafrom more than ll5,000 dentm finishing processes.lt found that 24%of denim finishing processes stilluse hazardous chemicals,posing risks to both theenvironment and the health of workers.展开更多
This research study fabrics to ensure that they are free from carcinogenic dyes. It has been observed that there are poor-quality fabrics and consumers go to buy them without paying attention to the risks of using pro...This research study fabrics to ensure that they are free from carcinogenic dyes. It has been observed that there are poor-quality fabrics and consumers go to buy them without paying attention to the risks of using prohibited materials in the manufacture of these fabrics, and the use of unknown dyes has proven that some of them cause diseases to humans, especially children, that cause cancerous diseases. With the study sample consisting of (7), the study results indicate the presence of toxic formaldehyde in all sample dyes obtained from discount markets and online shopping.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Cancer Center,Tokyo,Japan,No.26-A-30
文摘Gastric cancer has remained a serious burden worldwide, particularly in East Asian countries. However, nationwide prevention and screening programs for gastric cancer have not yet been established in most countries except in South Korea and Japan. Although evidence regarding the effectiveness of endoscopic screening for gastric cancer has been increasingly accumulated, such evidence remains weak because it is based on results from studies other than randomized controlled trials. Specifically, evidence was mostly based on the results of cohort and case-control studies mainly conducted in South Korea and Japan. However, the consistent positive results from these studies suggest promising evidence of mortality reduction from gastric cancer by endoscopic screening. The major harms of endoscopic screening include infection, adverse effects, false-positive results, and overdiagnosis. Despite the possible harms of endoscopic screening, information regarding these harms remains insufficient. To provide appropriate cancer screening, a balance of benefits and harms should always be considered when cancer screening is introduced as a public policy. Quality assurance is very important for the implementation of cancer screening to provide high-quality and safe screening and minimize harms. Endoscopic screening for gastric cancer has shown promising results, and thus deserves further evaluation to reliably establish its effectiveness and optimal use.
基金the Natural Science and Technology Foundation of Jilin Province(No 20020637-1)
文摘The herbal plant Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms is natural herb of Changbaishan in Jilin Province of China, which belongs to the Araliaceae family. As the ingredients of folk medicine, it has long been used to treat a variety of human diseases, such as cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, tumor, isochemic heart diseases, hypertension, rheumatic arthritis, etc. E2,33. Flavonoids, a class of constituent compounds, which have a broad distribution in the nature and are found in Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms, have gained particular attention. A number of studies have shown that flavonoid compounds have wide biological activities, such as anti-aging, anticancer, anti-HIV,
文摘Three new compounds named (2E)prenyl benzoate-4-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl (1→6) β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 7-methoxy-8-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl coumarin (2), and 3,4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxy benzenepentanoic acid (3) were isolated from the leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms. The structures of new compounds were determined by means of 2D NMR experiments and chemical methods.
文摘Flavonols were extracted from Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms by Soxhlet extraction（SE）,atmospheric pressure microwave-assisted extraction（AMAE） and pressurized microwave-assisted extraction（PMAE）.The influences of experimental conditions,such as concentration of ethanol in the eluent,microwave irradiation time,etc.on the extraction yield were studied.Four flavonols（hyperin,rutin,quercitrin and quercetin） in the extracts were determined quantitatively by HPLC method.The experimental results demonstrate the advantages of PMAE and AMAE over those of conventional SE,that is the extraction time is dramatically reduced,and the yields of flavonols are effective improved.Although the yield of flavonols is higher and the extraction time is shorter by PMAE than those of AMAE,flavonols are easy to be decomposed over a certain time.
基金Supported by the Breeding Techniques for New Varieties of Acanthopanax senticosus(CZKYF2022-1-B023)。
文摘In order to optimize the ultrasonic extraction technique for the total flavonoid of leaf yellows plus, the contents of 21 leaf yellows plus total flavonoid from four regions in Heilongjiang Province were comparatively analyzed. The ultrasonic extraction technology was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface method, and the total flavonoid content of 21 kinds of Acanthopanax senticosus(Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms from different producing areas were analyzed by cluster analysis. The optimal process conditions were determined as ultrasonic time 30 min, solid-liquid ratio 1 : 12 and ultrasonic power 250 W, and the average yield of the total flavonoid was 1.453 mg·g^ (-1). By optimizing the ultrasonic-assisted extraction method, the total flavonoid content from different producing areas was compared in the experiment, which provided certain data support for the optimization of the extraction process in the future and laid a certain theoretical foundation for the quality analysis of Chinese medicinal materials.
文摘A case of compound C3 distal femur fracture with 12 cm bone defect. After thorough debridement, the Harms cage was used to reconstruct the medial column and the fracture was fixed with the locking distal femur plate laterally. The Harms cage prevents the cantilever effect and eliminates the need for medial plating. This avoids another medial incision and preserves medial biology. At 18 months’ follow-up, plain radiographs demonstrated full reconstruction of the medial column with good range of motion at the knee joint. This technique avoids the need of dual plating in these fractures with good results.
基金Supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Support Program(2015SZ-0034)Innovative Research Project for 2016 Graduate in Southwest University for Nationalities(CX2016SZ013)
文摘[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and orthogonal design were adopted to study the extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms. [Results]The optimum extraction conditions were determined as follows: extraction solvent( 70% methanol),solid-liquid ratio( 1∶ 35),and reflux extraction time( 60 min). Under these conditions,the yield of crude extract from total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms was 38. 67 mg/g.[Conclusions] The technology was simple,and of low cost and high extraction rate,suitable for the extraction of total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers:71673003,72074011).
文摘Objective:The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have been increasing around the world.Current guidelines recommend HCC screening in high-risk population.However,the strength of evidence of ben-efits and harms of HCC screening to support the recommendation was unclear.The objective is to systematically synthesize current evidence on the benefits and harms of HCC screening.Methods:We searched PubMed and nine other databases until August 20,2021.We included cohort studies and RCTs that compared the benefits and harms of screening and non-screening in high-risk population of HCC.Case series studies that reported harms of HCC screening were also included.Pooled risk ratio(RR),according to HCC screening status,was calculated for each benefit outcome(e.g.,HCC mortality,survival rate,proportion of early HCC),using head-to-head meta-analysis.The harmful outcomes(e.g.,proportion of physiological harms provided by non-comparative studies were pooled by prevalence of meta-analysis).Analysis on publication bias and quality of life,subgroup analysis,and sensitivity analysis were also conducted.Results:We included 70 studies,including four random clinical trials(RCTs),63 cohort studies,three case se-ries studies.The meta-analysis of RCTs showed HCC screening was significantly associated with reduced HCC mortality(RR[risk ratio],0.73[95%CI,0.56-0.96];I^(2)=75.1%),prolonged overall survival rates(1-year,RR,1.72[95%CI,1.13-2.61];I^(2)=72.5%;3-year,RR,2.86[95%CI,1.78-4.58];I^(2)=10.1%;and 5-year,RR,2.76[95%CI,1.37-5.54];I^(2)=28.3%),increased proportion of early HCC detection(RR,2.68[95%CI,1.77-4.06];I^(2)=50.4%).Similarly,meta-analysis of cohort studies indicated HCC screening was more effective than non-screening.However,pooled proportion of physiological harms was 16.30%(95%CI:8.92%-23.67%)and most harms were of a mild to moderate severity.Conclusion:The existing evidence suggests HCC screening is more effective than non-screening in high-risk pop-ulation.However,harms of screening should not be ignored.
基金Major Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province(2019JZZy 020609-03).
文摘Mycotoxin is widely distributed in various feedstuffs and feeds of animals.Mycotoxin not only causes feed deterioration,but also leads to various diseases of animals,or even results in acute toxic death,causing great harm to the breeding industry.In this paper,the harm of mycotoxin to animals and its detection methods in feed and animals are summarized and analyzed,so as to provide the reference basis for further improving the detection methods of mycotoxin and reducing the harm of mycotoxin to breeding industry.
文摘A ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(UPLC-ESI MS)method was developed for the analysis of saponins in crude extracts from Acanthopanax senticosus Harms.The analysis was performed on a reversed-phase C18 column using a binary eluent(methanol and 0.2% aqueous HCOOH) under gradient conditions.Three major peaks were detected in the negative ion mode.The molecular -ions of saponins were observed,and the relative molecular mass were obtained.The structure of the ginsenosides was identified by a collision induced dissociation(CID) experiment.The UPLC-ESI MS method was particularly useful in the identification of some saponins.
文摘A new report from Jeanologia highlights theurgent need for the denim industry to adopt saferalternatives to harmful chemicals.The study alsostresses reducing excessive water use in garmentfinishing.The report,compiled in 2024,analyzed datafrom more than ll5,000 dentm finishing processes.lt found that 24%of denim finishing processes stilluse hazardous chemicals,posing risks to both theenvironment and the health of workers.
文摘This research study fabrics to ensure that they are free from carcinogenic dyes. It has been observed that there are poor-quality fabrics and consumers go to buy them without paying attention to the risks of using prohibited materials in the manufacture of these fabrics, and the use of unknown dyes has proven that some of them cause diseases to humans, especially children, that cause cancerous diseases. With the study sample consisting of (7), the study results indicate the presence of toxic formaldehyde in all sample dyes obtained from discount markets and online shopping.
