According to the distribution of high fluoride\|bearing groundwater in Liaoning Province, China, the cause of formation and hydrogeochemical characteristics as well as its relationship with human health and illness r...According to the distribution of high fluoride\|bearing groundwater in Liaoning Province, China, the cause of formation and hydrogeochemical characteristics as well as its relationship with human health and illness rate were discussed. Strategies to prevent and control fluoride pollution have also been outlined.展开更多
A theory of seepage instability was used to estimate the harmfulness of water-inrush from a coal seam floor in a particular coal mine of the Mining Group,Xuzhou. Based on the stratum column chart in this coal mine,the...A theory of seepage instability was used to estimate the harmfulness of water-inrush from a coal seam floor in a particular coal mine of the Mining Group,Xuzhou. Based on the stratum column chart in this coal mine,the distribu-tion of stress in mining floors when the long-wall mining was respectively pushed along to 100 m and to 150 m was simulated by using the numerical software (RFPA2D). The permeability parameters of the coal seam floor are described given the relationship between permeability parameters. Strain and the water-inrush-indices were calculated. The wa-ter-inrush-index was 67.2% when the working face was pushed to 100 m,showing that water-inrush is possible and it was 1630% when the working face was pushed to 150 m,showing that water-inrush is quite probable. The results show that as long-wall mining is pushed along,the failure zone is enlarged,the strain increased,and fissures developed cor-respondingly,resulting in the formation of water-inrush channels. Accompanied by the failure of the strata,the perme-ability increased exponentially. In contrast,the non-Darcy flow β factor and the acceleration coefficient decreased ex-ponentially,while the increase in the water-inrush-index was nearly exponential and the harmfulness of water-inrush in the coal mine increased accordingly.展开更多
A new report from Jeanologia highlights theurgent need for the denim industry to adopt saferalternatives to harmful chemicals.The study alsostresses reducing excessive water use in garmentfinishing.The report,compiled...A new report from Jeanologia highlights theurgent need for the denim industry to adopt saferalternatives to harmful chemicals.The study alsostresses reducing excessive water use in garmentfinishing.The report,compiled in 2024,analyzed datafrom more than ll5,000 dentm finishing processes.lt found that 24%of denim finishing processes stilluse hazardous chemicals,posing risks to both theenvironment and the health of workers.展开更多
This research study fabrics to ensure that they are free from carcinogenic dyes. It has been observed that there are poor-quality fabrics and consumers go to buy them without paying attention to the risks of using pro...This research study fabrics to ensure that they are free from carcinogenic dyes. It has been observed that there are poor-quality fabrics and consumers go to buy them without paying attention to the risks of using prohibited materials in the manufacture of these fabrics, and the use of unknown dyes has proven that some of them cause diseases to humans, especially children, that cause cancerous diseases. With the study sample consisting of (7), the study results indicate the presence of toxic formaldehyde in all sample dyes obtained from discount markets and online shopping.展开更多
Sulfuric acid slag,a common byproduct with high iron content,poses challenges due to its high levels of harmful impurities and is often discarded as solid waste,leading to significant environmental and water pollution...Sulfuric acid slag,a common byproduct with high iron content,poses challenges due to its high levels of harmful impurities and is often discarded as solid waste,leading to significant environmental and water pollution.To address this issue and improve resource utilization,the preparation process of oxidized pellets from sulfuric acid slag was studied,exploring suitable pelletizing systems and thermal parameters.Additionally,the removal of harmful elements and the consolidation mechanism were established during the oxidation roasting process.The findings revealed that sulfuric acid slag along with specific processing conditions,such as using two high-pressure grinding rolls and adding 1.25 wt.%bentonite,resulted in the production of qualified green pellets with desirable physical properties.Through a thermal treatment process involving preheating and roasting,the desulfurization rate of the pellets reached 95.55%and the removal efficiency of arsenic achieved 27.11%.Hematite recrystallizes,shrinks,and forms a reticulated structure with Fe2O3 recrystallization as the backbone,resulting in higher consolidation strength.展开更多
Suitable temperature and light intensity play important roles in the formation of harmful algae blooms(HABs),which can pose serious threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health.In this study,we measured the growth,p...Suitable temperature and light intensity play important roles in the formation of harmful algae blooms(HABs),which can pose serious threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health.In this study,we measured the growth,physiological function,and paralytic shellfish toxins(PSTs)production of Alexandrium pacificum(CCMA-272),a strain isolated from East China Sea,at different temperatures(15,20,and 25℃)and light intensities(30,60,and 90μmol photons/(m^(2)·s)).Results indicate that temperature and light intensity significantly affected the growth,physiology,and toxigenic potentials of A.pacificum.The optimal conditions for the growth of A.pacificum were observed at 20℃ under60μmol photons/(m^(2)·s).Regarding the production of PSTs,this strain of A.pacificum produced 12 PSTs,including carbamate toxins:saxitoxin(STX),neosaxitoxin(NEO),and gonyautoxin 1–4(GTX1,GTX2,GTX3,GTX4);dicarbamoyl toxins:dicarbamoylsaxitoxin(dcSTX),dicarbamoylgonyautoxin 2,3(dcGTX2,dcGTX3);and N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins:N-sulfocarbamoylgonyautoxin 1,2(C1,C2),and gonyautoxin 5(GTX5).Among all the PSTs,C2 was the most abundant.Low temperature(15℃)and high light intensity(90μmol photons/(m^(2)·s))were beneficial for the production of PSTs in A.pacificum.When cultured at 20 and 25℃,A.pacificum generated comparable total quantities of PSTs,yet the toxicity levels were lower at 25℃.Intra-cellular PSTs contents were greater than extra-cellular PSTs contents,except those under the condition of 25℃ with 30μmol photons/(m^(2)·s).However,as the increase of temperature,A.pacificum released more amounts of analogues with higher toxicity levels(e.g.,STX and dcGTX_(2))into the environment than intracellularly.These findings emphasize the significant sensitivity of A.pacificum to temperature and light intensity,highlighting the importance of evaluating both intra-cellular and extra-cellular PSTs for assessing its toxicity and aiding in the prediction and management of HABs.展开更多
Hypophosphatasia(HPP)is a rare metabolic bone disorder often misdiagnosed as fibromyalgia due to overlapping symptoms such as chronic pain,fatigue,and muscle weakness.This diagnostic error disproportionately affects w...Hypophosphatasia(HPP)is a rare metabolic bone disorder often misdiagnosed as fibromyalgia due to overlapping symptoms such as chronic pain,fatigue,and muscle weakness.This diagnostic error disproportionately affects women and can result in significant psychological distress due to repeated dismissal of symptoms.Despite low serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)being a key biochemical clue to HPP,it is frequently overlooked in standard diagnostic evaluations.Consequen-tly,many patients endure years of ineffective treatment,invalidation,and worse-ning psychiatric outcomes.This editorial emphasizes the need for greater clinical vigilance in distinguishing HPP from fibromyalgia,particularly when features such as chronic pain,premature tooth loss,and persistently low ALP are present.Gender biases in pain diagnosis further compound this problem,leading to gr-eater misdiagnosis rates among women and contributing to the erosion of trust in medical care.The psychiatric consequences of diagnostic delays are substantial,with affected individuals experiencing elevated rates of depression,anxiety,and emotional distress.Greater recognition of low ALP as a meaningful diagnostic clue may enhance diagnostic accuracy,improve patient outcomes,and reduce the psychological toll of misdiagnosis.展开更多
Pueraria montana is a perennial twining vine species of Pueraria in Leguminosae.Because of its fast growth and strong climbing and covering ability,this species has the potential threat of invading forest ecosystem.Ba...Pueraria montana is a perennial twining vine species of Pueraria in Leguminosae.Because of its fast growth and strong climbing and covering ability,this species has the potential threat of invading forest ecosystem.Based on the investigation of the occurrence and harm of P.montana in the"four mountains"forest ecosystem in the central urban area of Chongqing,combined with its growth habits and biological characteristics,we comprehensively evaluated its harm risk.The results show that P.montana is widely distributed in the forest ecosystem within the"four mountains"in the central urban area of Chongqing.On average,there was a distribution site of P.montana every 1.38 km of forest road with a scale of 0.43 hm 2/survey point and a coverage of about 42.86%.P.montana mainly occupy forest land by covering and climbing,threatening the original vegetation of forest land.It grows rapidly,and its ability of diffusion and colonization is very strong.The average length of new branches was 11.52 m/year,and the number of effective tillers was 5.25.According to National Forestry Pest Risk Analysis Index System,the risk assessment value of P.montana was 2.51,so it is a medium-risk harmful plant to forestry.It is suggested that the forestry department should strengthen the management of P.montana to prevent its further spread.展开更多
The blooms of Alexandrium catenella are a long-outstanding issue in the world,causing severe impacts on the local marine environment and the aquaculture industry.Our previous studies have also shown that mango peel ex...The blooms of Alexandrium catenella are a long-outstanding issue in the world,causing severe impacts on the local marine environment and the aquaculture industry.Our previous studies have also shown that mango peel extracts(MPE)could effectively inhibit the growth of A.catenella under controlled laboratory conditions.However,it remains unknown whether using MPE to control A.catenella-induced harmful algal blooms(HABs)in aquaculture environments will cause the release of intracellular phycotoxins into the surrounding environment,potentially affecting aquatic organisms.Additionally,the potential impact of MPE itself on aquatic life is another concern.The objective of this study was to clarify these issues primarily by assessing the ecological safety of MPE.The intracellular and extracellular paralytic shellfish toxins(PSTs)contents of A.catenella was measured throughout the experimental period using liquid chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry(LC-TOFMS).The results showed that MPE reduced the PSTs contents in A.catenella,while no significant fluctuation was observed in the extracellular PSTs contents.Meanwhile,MPE exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory effects on the four HABs species selected in this study but promoted the growth of three of the four bait algae.The recorded results regarding the survival rate,water clearance rate,and growth rate of aquatic organism exposed to MPE showed no significant different between the control group and the experimental group.This study clarified that using MPE to govern HABs in aquaculture environments would not affect the growth of cultured organisms and demonstrated that MPE has species-specific antialgal properties.These findings contribute to a better understanding of the potential of MPE as an algaecide.展开更多
Harmful algal blooms(HABs)of dinoflagellates pose significant threats to aquaculture,marine ecosystems,and human health.While resting cysts have been well known for their vital roles in initiating HABs of dinoflagella...Harmful algal blooms(HABs)of dinoflagellates pose significant threats to aquaculture,marine ecosystems,and human health.While resting cysts have been well known for their vital roles in initiating HABs of dinoflagellates,mapping results of the cyst abundance and distribution in marine sediments have been also well documented to be a highly valuable predictor,and thus can be used as a basis to assess the risk of HABs.We attempted to establish a framework for the risk assessment of dinoflagellate HABs based mainly on cyst-mapping of marine sediments and a case application of it to the risk assessment of HABs in the Yellow Sea.In the framework,firstly,the targeted marine area subjected to the assessment was determined and gridded into different assessment units according to their geography,administration,and ecological or economic function.Secondly,the dinoflagellate cyst abundance from the surface sediment,HABs records,and the monitoring results of vegetative cells for all or particular species of concern were collected experimentally or by literature search,as three main indicators scored and weighted respectively with different values.The scoring and weighting process was based on scientific reasoning and empirical consideration as detailed in the text.Thirdly,the risk of HABs occurrences for all or any particular species of concern at each site was ranked with five levels according to the calculated risk values.Finally,the final evaluation results were presented with tables,matrix diagrams,and color-coded textual annotations on nautical charts.As a case application,we performed a risk assessment for HABs of target species in the Yellow Sea,which warned high risks of HABs for Karlodinium veneficum,Gymnodinium catenatum,and others.This assessment framework provides a practical and testable tool for all involved stakeholders,and subject to improvement along with the advancement of ecology of HABs.展开更多
The heritage preservation is of great intractability to the conservators as each kind of heritage material has unique and diverse requirements on temperature,humidity and air cleanliness.It is promising for metal-orga...The heritage preservation is of great intractability to the conservators as each kind of heritage material has unique and diverse requirements on temperature,humidity and air cleanliness.It is promising for metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),the multifunctional environment remediation materials,to be applied in heritage environmental protection.The advantages of MOFs lie in their multifunction like adsorption,photocatalysis,sterilization,as well as the controllable structure and properties that could be flexibly adjusted as demands,helping the heritage against various environmental threats.Thereby,the applications and the corresponding mechanisms of MOFs in cultural heritage preservation were reviewed in this work,including harmful gas adsorption,surface waterproofing,particulate matters(PM)removal,anti-bacterial and humidity control of environment.Finally,the selection principles and precautions of MOFs in heritage preservation were discussed,aiming to provide a forward-looking direction for the selection and application of MOFs.展开更多
As a frequently occurred marine pollution phenomenon,red tides of water body due to eutrophication cause massive mortality of marine organisms and serious ecological problems.The early warning and prediction of red ti...As a frequently occurred marine pollution phenomenon,red tides of water body due to eutrophication cause massive mortality of marine organisms and serious ecological problems.The early warning and prediction of red tide outbreak can provide guidance to the coastal management,and is of great value to the aquaculture industry and marine environment protection.An approach for the risk assessment of red tide occurrence using spectral indices was made.The optimal spectral indices were explored from three candidates,namely two-band ratio(TBR)method,three-band spectral index(TBSI)method,and fluorescence baseline(FLB)method.The correlations between the spectral indices and the red tide occurrence were quantitatively evaluated through analysis of variance(ANOVA).The risk maps for the Beibu Gulf and the Bohai Bay in China were produced with the normalized spectral indices based on the multi-spectral observation from Sentinel-3 satellite.Results show that both TBR and TBSI values have significant correlations with the occurrences of red tide as the ANOVA results.TBSI illustrated correctly the risk of red tide occurrence in the risk maps and was the optimal spectral index offshore risk assessment of red tide.FLB method failed to recognize the high-risk regions and may not be the appropriate spectral index.The risk assessment method proposed in this study can provide early alarms on red tide occurrence and help timely the countermeasure against potential harms.展开更多
Vehicular emissions are considered one of the major anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases and poor air quality in metropolitan cities.This study aims to see the correlation of CO_(2),CH_(4),and CO through monitori...Vehicular emissions are considered one of the major anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases and poor air quality in metropolitan cities.This study aims to see the correlation of CO_(2),CH_(4),and CO through monitoring over a period from December 2020 to October 2021 covering three seasons’winter,summer,and monsoon at two different traffic locations of Delhi having different traffic volumes,road patterns,and traffic management.The annual average morning concentration of CO_(2),CH_(4)and CO was found(533±105),(7.3±3.1),(10.7±3.0)ppm at Najafgarh and(480±70),(5.2±1.8),(7.8±2.8)ppm at Rajendra Place,respectively.A relationship between concentration of all three gases and meteorological parameters such as temperature,humidity,wind speed and wind direction has also been investigated using Pearson correlation coefficient and pollution rose diagram.A comparable pattern in concentration was observed for all three gases in spatial(location)and temporal(diurnal)distribution.The concentration trend of CO_(2)in different seasons is winter>summer>monsoon,while in the case of CH_(4)winter=summer>monsoon but not any seasonal trend was noted in CO case.It is observed that CO_(2)has a good relation with CO(a tracer for vehicular emission)in terms of diurnal variation,whereas,CH_(4)does not represent a relation with CO and CO_(2)diurnally,suggesting that vehicles are the source of CO_(2)but not much contributing to other greenhouse gases like CH_(4).展开更多
Coal seams can enrich a variety of harmful trace elements under specific geological conditions.The spatial distribution of harmful trace elements in coal is extremely uneven,and the distribution characteristics of eac...Coal seams can enrich a variety of harmful trace elements under specific geological conditions.The spatial distribution of harmful trace elements in coal is extremely uneven,and the distribution characteristics of each element content are different.The harmful elements released in the process of coal mining and utilization will cause serious harm to the environment and the human body.It is of great resource significance to study the geochemistry of coal that affects the enrichment and distribution characteristics of harmful trace elements.Based on the domestic and foreign literature on coal geochemistry in Guizhou published by previous investigators,this study counted 1097 sample data from 23 major coal-producing counties in Guizhou Province,systematically summarized the relevant research results of harmful trace elements in the coal of Guizhou,and revealed the overall distribution and enrichment characteristics of harmful trace elements in the coal of Guizhou.The results show that the average contents of Cd,Pb,Se,Cu,Mo,U,V,As,Hg,and Cr in coal of Guizhou are higher than those in Chinese coal and world coal.A variety of harmful trace elements in the coal of Guizhou have high background values,especially in Liupanshui,Xingyi and Qianbei coalfield.The enrichment of various harmful trace elements in the Late Permian coal in Guizhou is mainly related to the combined action of various geological and geochemical factors.The supply of terrigenous debris and sedimentary environment may be the basic background of the enrichment of harmful elements in western Guizhou,while low-temperature hydrothermal activity and volcanic ash deposition may be the main reasons for the enrichment of harmful elements in southwestern Guizhou.展开更多
Tea,a globally cultivated crop renowned for its uniqueflavor profile and health-promoting properties,ranks among the most favored functional beverages worldwide.However,diseases severely jeopardize the production and qu...Tea,a globally cultivated crop renowned for its uniqueflavor profile and health-promoting properties,ranks among the most favored functional beverages worldwide.However,diseases severely jeopardize the production and quality of tea leaves,leading to significant economic losses.While early and accurate identification coupled with the removal of infected leaves can mitigate widespread infection,manual leaves removal remains time-con-suming and expensive.Utilizing robots for pruning can significantly enhance efficiency and reduce costs.How-ever,the accuracy of object detection directly impacts the overall efficiency of pruning robots.In complex tea plantation environments,complex image backgrounds,the overlapping and occlusion of leaves,as well as small and densely harmful leaves can all introduce interference factors.Existing algorithms perform poorly in detecting small and densely packed targets.To address these challenges,this paper collected a dataset of 1108 images of harmful tea leaves and proposed the YOLO-DBD model.The model excels in efficiently identifying harmful tea leaves with various poses in complex backgrounds,providing crucial guidance for the posture and obstacle avoidance of a robotic arm during the pruning process.The improvements proposed in this study encompass the Cross Stage Partial with Deformable Convolutional Networks v2(C2f-DCN)module,Bi-Level Routing Atten-tion(BRA),Dynamic Head(DyHead),and Focal Complete Intersection over Union(Focal-CIoU)Loss function,enhancing the model’s feature extraction,computation allocation,and perception capabilities.Compared to the baseline model YOLOv8s,mean Average Precision at IoU 0.5(mAP0.5)increased by 6%,and Floating Point Operations Per second(FLOPs)decreased by 3.3 G.展开更多
Mariculture exerts a direct influence on planktonic eukaryotic microorganisms protists.Previous studies have focused on phytoplankton,while the heterotrophic and parasitic protistan groups are unknown.Currently,in Mup...Mariculture exerts a direct influence on planktonic eukaryotic microorganisms protists.Previous studies have focused on phytoplankton,while the heterotrophic and parasitic protistan groups are unknown.Currently,in Muping Marine Ranch(MR)which is along the littoral zone of northern Yellow Sea of China,environmental DNA methods were employed to investigate the diversity and seasonal dynamics of near shore planktonic protists in response to mariculture.Through an integrated analysis of functional groups and a comparison to adjacent sea areas,we found a dominance of harmful algae blooms(HAB)species nearshore MR,and a significant reduction in the diversity of planktonic protists including photosynthetic,heterotrophic and parasitic groups.High nutrient and low salinity were suggested to drive the dominance of HAB species nearshore MR,which in return might inhibit predators,saprophytes and algal parasites.Our investigations revealed an Olisthodiscus luteus outbreak in spring,as well as significant seasonal variations in the planktonic protist community,which might be caused by the changes of temperature.The offshore hypoxia reduced the abundance of phytoplankton but increased mixotrophs and animal parasites of the protistan community nearshore MR.This study highlights the influence of mariculture on the overall community function of planktonic protists,and is helpful to assess the mariculture's impact on water health.展开更多
Cases of simultaneous inrush of high-temperature water and harmful gases are infrequently reported in areas without geothermal anomalies,hydrocarbon source rock,or coal measures.For this,we investigated the origin,dev...Cases of simultaneous inrush of high-temperature water and harmful gases are infrequently reported in areas without geothermal anomalies,hydrocarbon source rock,or coal measures.For this,we investigated the origin,development,and formation of the high-temperature water and harmful gases that rushed into Bangfu tunnel,Southwest China.During excavation of the Bangfu tunnel through the F1-2 fault in sandstone,a significant incident occurred involving a sudden influx of high-temperature water(45.4℃)of NaeHCO_(3)type and harmful gases(CO_(2),H2S).An extensive geological examination uncovered a fault network extending from the crust to the mantle in the tunnel site area.The site features a substantial presence of both surface water and groundwater.Furthermore,within the middle crust at depths ranging from 19 km to 23 km,there are high-temperature ductile melts enriched with fluids and gases.Monitoring and experiments conducted on the harmful gases reveal that the primary source is identified in the crust,with the mantle source being secondary,followed by the atmospheric source being a minimal contribution.The hydrochemical and isotopic composition characteristics of the hightemperature rushed water indicate its evolution was formed through the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation from cold groundwater of the CaeHCO_(3)type.The mechanism underlying the formation of the inrush high-temperature water and harmful gases can be outlined as follows.The fault network,spanning from the crust to the mantle,serves as a migration pathway for the inflow substances.Mantlederived volatiles and high-temperature melts make heat energy facilitate the inrush activity,while groundwater contributes to heat transfer and acts as a medium for gas transport.As mantle-derived volatiles migrate towards the surface through the fault network,they mix with high-temperature melts and crust-derived gases,forming a crust-mantle mixed gas.Through processes such as deep hydrothermal circulation,shallow hydrothermal circulation,water/rock reaction,near-surface mixing,and dilution,CaeHCO_(3)type cold groundwater transforms into high-temperature water of NaeHCO_(3)type.The methodologies and findings of our research offer insights into the route selection,investigation,and construction of mountain tunneling projects under similar geological conditions.展开更多
文摘According to the distribution of high fluoride\|bearing groundwater in Liaoning Province, China, the cause of formation and hydrogeochemical characteristics as well as its relationship with human health and illness rate were discussed. Strategies to prevent and control fluoride pollution have also been outlined.
基金Projects 50225414 supported by the National Outstanding Youth Foundation50574090, 50674087 and 50490270 by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A theory of seepage instability was used to estimate the harmfulness of water-inrush from a coal seam floor in a particular coal mine of the Mining Group,Xuzhou. Based on the stratum column chart in this coal mine,the distribu-tion of stress in mining floors when the long-wall mining was respectively pushed along to 100 m and to 150 m was simulated by using the numerical software (RFPA2D). The permeability parameters of the coal seam floor are described given the relationship between permeability parameters. Strain and the water-inrush-indices were calculated. The wa-ter-inrush-index was 67.2% when the working face was pushed to 100 m,showing that water-inrush is possible and it was 1630% when the working face was pushed to 150 m,showing that water-inrush is quite probable. The results show that as long-wall mining is pushed along,the failure zone is enlarged,the strain increased,and fissures developed cor-respondingly,resulting in the formation of water-inrush channels. Accompanied by the failure of the strata,the perme-ability increased exponentially. In contrast,the non-Darcy flow β factor and the acceleration coefficient decreased ex-ponentially,while the increase in the water-inrush-index was nearly exponential and the harmfulness of water-inrush in the coal mine increased accordingly.
文摘A new report from Jeanologia highlights theurgent need for the denim industry to adopt saferalternatives to harmful chemicals.The study alsostresses reducing excessive water use in garmentfinishing.The report,compiled in 2024,analyzed datafrom more than ll5,000 dentm finishing processes.lt found that 24%of denim finishing processes stilluse hazardous chemicals,posing risks to both theenvironment and the health of workers.
文摘This research study fabrics to ensure that they are free from carcinogenic dyes. It has been observed that there are poor-quality fabrics and consumers go to buy them without paying attention to the risks of using prohibited materials in the manufacture of these fabrics, and the use of unknown dyes has proven that some of them cause diseases to humans, especially children, that cause cancerous diseases. With the study sample consisting of (7), the study results indicate the presence of toxic formaldehyde in all sample dyes obtained from discount markets and online shopping.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(2023ZZTS0506).
文摘Sulfuric acid slag,a common byproduct with high iron content,poses challenges due to its high levels of harmful impurities and is often discarded as solid waste,leading to significant environmental and water pollution.To address this issue and improve resource utilization,the preparation process of oxidized pellets from sulfuric acid slag was studied,exploring suitable pelletizing systems and thermal parameters.Additionally,the removal of harmful elements and the consolidation mechanism were established during the oxidation roasting process.The findings revealed that sulfuric acid slag along with specific processing conditions,such as using two high-pressure grinding rolls and adding 1.25 wt.%bentonite,resulted in the production of qualified green pellets with desirable physical properties.Through a thermal treatment process involving preheating and roasting,the desulfurization rate of the pellets reached 95.55%and the removal efficiency of arsenic achieved 27.11%.Hematite recrystallizes,shrinks,and forms a reticulated structure with Fe2O3 recrystallization as the backbone,resulting in higher consolidation strength.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32101290,52009082)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20210364)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.B220202044)。
文摘Suitable temperature and light intensity play important roles in the formation of harmful algae blooms(HABs),which can pose serious threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health.In this study,we measured the growth,physiological function,and paralytic shellfish toxins(PSTs)production of Alexandrium pacificum(CCMA-272),a strain isolated from East China Sea,at different temperatures(15,20,and 25℃)and light intensities(30,60,and 90μmol photons/(m^(2)·s)).Results indicate that temperature and light intensity significantly affected the growth,physiology,and toxigenic potentials of A.pacificum.The optimal conditions for the growth of A.pacificum were observed at 20℃ under60μmol photons/(m^(2)·s).Regarding the production of PSTs,this strain of A.pacificum produced 12 PSTs,including carbamate toxins:saxitoxin(STX),neosaxitoxin(NEO),and gonyautoxin 1–4(GTX1,GTX2,GTX3,GTX4);dicarbamoyl toxins:dicarbamoylsaxitoxin(dcSTX),dicarbamoylgonyautoxin 2,3(dcGTX2,dcGTX3);and N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins:N-sulfocarbamoylgonyautoxin 1,2(C1,C2),and gonyautoxin 5(GTX5).Among all the PSTs,C2 was the most abundant.Low temperature(15℃)and high light intensity(90μmol photons/(m^(2)·s))were beneficial for the production of PSTs in A.pacificum.When cultured at 20 and 25℃,A.pacificum generated comparable total quantities of PSTs,yet the toxicity levels were lower at 25℃.Intra-cellular PSTs contents were greater than extra-cellular PSTs contents,except those under the condition of 25℃ with 30μmol photons/(m^(2)·s).However,as the increase of temperature,A.pacificum released more amounts of analogues with higher toxicity levels(e.g.,STX and dcGTX_(2))into the environment than intracellularly.These findings emphasize the significant sensitivity of A.pacificum to temperature and light intensity,highlighting the importance of evaluating both intra-cellular and extra-cellular PSTs for assessing its toxicity and aiding in the prediction and management of HABs.
文摘Hypophosphatasia(HPP)is a rare metabolic bone disorder often misdiagnosed as fibromyalgia due to overlapping symptoms such as chronic pain,fatigue,and muscle weakness.This diagnostic error disproportionately affects women and can result in significant psychological distress due to repeated dismissal of symptoms.Despite low serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)being a key biochemical clue to HPP,it is frequently overlooked in standard diagnostic evaluations.Consequen-tly,many patients endure years of ineffective treatment,invalidation,and worse-ning psychiatric outcomes.This editorial emphasizes the need for greater clinical vigilance in distinguishing HPP from fibromyalgia,particularly when features such as chronic pain,premature tooth loss,and persistently low ALP are present.Gender biases in pain diagnosis further compound this problem,leading to gr-eater misdiagnosis rates among women and contributing to the erosion of trust in medical care.The psychiatric consequences of diagnostic delays are substantial,with affected individuals experiencing elevated rates of depression,anxiety,and emotional distress.Greater recognition of low ALP as a meaningful diagnostic clue may enhance diagnostic accuracy,improve patient outcomes,and reduce the psychological toll of misdiagnosis.
基金Supported by Special Project of Performance Incentive and Guidance for Scientific Research Institutions in Chongqing(cstc2022jxjl80025).
文摘Pueraria montana is a perennial twining vine species of Pueraria in Leguminosae.Because of its fast growth and strong climbing and covering ability,this species has the potential threat of invading forest ecosystem.Based on the investigation of the occurrence and harm of P.montana in the"four mountains"forest ecosystem in the central urban area of Chongqing,combined with its growth habits and biological characteristics,we comprehensively evaluated its harm risk.The results show that P.montana is widely distributed in the forest ecosystem within the"four mountains"in the central urban area of Chongqing.On average,there was a distribution site of P.montana every 1.38 km of forest road with a scale of 0.43 hm 2/survey point and a coverage of about 42.86%.P.montana mainly occupy forest land by covering and climbing,threatening the original vegetation of forest land.It grows rapidly,and its ability of diffusion and colonization is very strong.The average length of new branches was 11.52 m/year,and the number of effective tillers was 5.25.According to National Forestry Pest Risk Analysis Index System,the risk assessment value of P.montana was 2.51,so it is a medium-risk harmful plant to forestry.It is suggested that the forestry department should strengthen the management of P.montana to prevent its further spread.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.42030402the program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist under contract No.23XD1401200the opening foundation of the Observation and Research Station of Bohai Strait Eco-Corridor,Ministry of Natural Resources under contract No.BH202405.
文摘The blooms of Alexandrium catenella are a long-outstanding issue in the world,causing severe impacts on the local marine environment and the aquaculture industry.Our previous studies have also shown that mango peel extracts(MPE)could effectively inhibit the growth of A.catenella under controlled laboratory conditions.However,it remains unknown whether using MPE to control A.catenella-induced harmful algal blooms(HABs)in aquaculture environments will cause the release of intracellular phycotoxins into the surrounding environment,potentially affecting aquatic organisms.Additionally,the potential impact of MPE itself on aquatic life is another concern.The objective of this study was to clarify these issues primarily by assessing the ecological safety of MPE.The intracellular and extracellular paralytic shellfish toxins(PSTs)contents of A.catenella was measured throughout the experimental period using liquid chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry(LC-TOFMS).The results showed that MPE reduced the PSTs contents in A.catenella,while no significant fluctuation was observed in the extracellular PSTs contents.Meanwhile,MPE exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory effects on the four HABs species selected in this study but promoted the growth of three of the four bait algae.The recorded results regarding the survival rate,water clearance rate,and growth rate of aquatic organism exposed to MPE showed no significant different between the control group and the experimental group.This study clarified that using MPE to govern HABs in aquaculture environments would not affect the growth of cultured organisms and demonstrated that MPE has species-specific antialgal properties.These findings contribute to a better understanding of the potential of MPE as an algaecide.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022 YFC 3105201)the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Laoshan Laboratory(No.LSKJ 202203700)the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR 2021 QD 025)。
文摘Harmful algal blooms(HABs)of dinoflagellates pose significant threats to aquaculture,marine ecosystems,and human health.While resting cysts have been well known for their vital roles in initiating HABs of dinoflagellates,mapping results of the cyst abundance and distribution in marine sediments have been also well documented to be a highly valuable predictor,and thus can be used as a basis to assess the risk of HABs.We attempted to establish a framework for the risk assessment of dinoflagellate HABs based mainly on cyst-mapping of marine sediments and a case application of it to the risk assessment of HABs in the Yellow Sea.In the framework,firstly,the targeted marine area subjected to the assessment was determined and gridded into different assessment units according to their geography,administration,and ecological or economic function.Secondly,the dinoflagellate cyst abundance from the surface sediment,HABs records,and the monitoring results of vegetative cells for all or particular species of concern were collected experimentally or by literature search,as three main indicators scored and weighted respectively with different values.The scoring and weighting process was based on scientific reasoning and empirical consideration as detailed in the text.Thirdly,the risk of HABs occurrences for all or any particular species of concern at each site was ranked with five levels according to the calculated risk values.Finally,the final evaluation results were presented with tables,matrix diagrams,and color-coded textual annotations on nautical charts.As a case application,we performed a risk assessment for HABs of target species in the Yellow Sea,which warned high risks of HABs for Karlodinium veneficum,Gymnodinium catenatum,and others.This assessment framework provides a practical and testable tool for all involved stakeholders,and subject to improvement along with the advancement of ecology of HABs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52308300,52370025,52108266).
文摘The heritage preservation is of great intractability to the conservators as each kind of heritage material has unique and diverse requirements on temperature,humidity and air cleanliness.It is promising for metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),the multifunctional environment remediation materials,to be applied in heritage environmental protection.The advantages of MOFs lie in their multifunction like adsorption,photocatalysis,sterilization,as well as the controllable structure and properties that could be flexibly adjusted as demands,helping the heritage against various environmental threats.Thereby,the applications and the corresponding mechanisms of MOFs in cultural heritage preservation were reviewed in this work,including harmful gas adsorption,surface waterproofing,particulate matters(PM)removal,anti-bacterial and humidity control of environment.Finally,the selection principles and precautions of MOFs in heritage preservation were discussed,aiming to provide a forward-looking direction for the selection and application of MOFs.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC3108300)the Dalian High-level Talent Innovation Program(No.2022RG02)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.3132023507)。
文摘As a frequently occurred marine pollution phenomenon,red tides of water body due to eutrophication cause massive mortality of marine organisms and serious ecological problems.The early warning and prediction of red tide outbreak can provide guidance to the coastal management,and is of great value to the aquaculture industry and marine environment protection.An approach for the risk assessment of red tide occurrence using spectral indices was made.The optimal spectral indices were explored from three candidates,namely two-band ratio(TBR)method,three-band spectral index(TBSI)method,and fluorescence baseline(FLB)method.The correlations between the spectral indices and the red tide occurrence were quantitatively evaluated through analysis of variance(ANOVA).The risk maps for the Beibu Gulf and the Bohai Bay in China were produced with the normalized spectral indices based on the multi-spectral observation from Sentinel-3 satellite.Results show that both TBR and TBSI values have significant correlations with the occurrences of red tide as the ANOVA results.TBSI illustrated correctly the risk of red tide occurrence in the risk maps and was the optimal spectral index offshore risk assessment of red tide.FLB method failed to recognize the high-risk regions and may not be the appropriate spectral index.The risk assessment method proposed in this study can provide early alarms on red tide occurrence and help timely the countermeasure against potential harms.
基金Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR)for providing the fellowship under CSIR-SRF scheme(P81101)。
文摘Vehicular emissions are considered one of the major anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases and poor air quality in metropolitan cities.This study aims to see the correlation of CO_(2),CH_(4),and CO through monitoring over a period from December 2020 to October 2021 covering three seasons’winter,summer,and monsoon at two different traffic locations of Delhi having different traffic volumes,road patterns,and traffic management.The annual average morning concentration of CO_(2),CH_(4)and CO was found(533±105),(7.3±3.1),(10.7±3.0)ppm at Najafgarh and(480±70),(5.2±1.8),(7.8±2.8)ppm at Rajendra Place,respectively.A relationship between concentration of all three gases and meteorological parameters such as temperature,humidity,wind speed and wind direction has also been investigated using Pearson correlation coefficient and pollution rose diagram.A comparable pattern in concentration was observed for all three gases in spatial(location)and temporal(diurnal)distribution.The concentration trend of CO_(2)in different seasons is winter>summer>monsoon,while in the case of CH_(4)winter=summer>monsoon but not any seasonal trend was noted in CO case.It is observed that CO_(2)has a good relation with CO(a tracer for vehicular emission)in terms of diurnal variation,whereas,CH_(4)does not represent a relation with CO and CO_(2)diurnally,suggesting that vehicles are the source of CO_(2)but not much contributing to other greenhouse gases like CH_(4).
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51964009)。
文摘Coal seams can enrich a variety of harmful trace elements under specific geological conditions.The spatial distribution of harmful trace elements in coal is extremely uneven,and the distribution characteristics of each element content are different.The harmful elements released in the process of coal mining and utilization will cause serious harm to the environment and the human body.It is of great resource significance to study the geochemistry of coal that affects the enrichment and distribution characteristics of harmful trace elements.Based on the domestic and foreign literature on coal geochemistry in Guizhou published by previous investigators,this study counted 1097 sample data from 23 major coal-producing counties in Guizhou Province,systematically summarized the relevant research results of harmful trace elements in the coal of Guizhou,and revealed the overall distribution and enrichment characteristics of harmful trace elements in the coal of Guizhou.The results show that the average contents of Cd,Pb,Se,Cu,Mo,U,V,As,Hg,and Cr in coal of Guizhou are higher than those in Chinese coal and world coal.A variety of harmful trace elements in the coal of Guizhou have high background values,especially in Liupanshui,Xingyi and Qianbei coalfield.The enrichment of various harmful trace elements in the Late Permian coal in Guizhou is mainly related to the combined action of various geological and geochemical factors.The supply of terrigenous debris and sedimentary environment may be the basic background of the enrichment of harmful elements in western Guizhou,while low-temperature hydrothermal activity and volcanic ash deposition may be the main reasons for the enrichment of harmful elements in southwestern Guizhou.
文摘Tea,a globally cultivated crop renowned for its uniqueflavor profile and health-promoting properties,ranks among the most favored functional beverages worldwide.However,diseases severely jeopardize the production and quality of tea leaves,leading to significant economic losses.While early and accurate identification coupled with the removal of infected leaves can mitigate widespread infection,manual leaves removal remains time-con-suming and expensive.Utilizing robots for pruning can significantly enhance efficiency and reduce costs.How-ever,the accuracy of object detection directly impacts the overall efficiency of pruning robots.In complex tea plantation environments,complex image backgrounds,the overlapping and occlusion of leaves,as well as small and densely harmful leaves can all introduce interference factors.Existing algorithms perform poorly in detecting small and densely packed targets.To address these challenges,this paper collected a dataset of 1108 images of harmful tea leaves and proposed the YOLO-DBD model.The model excels in efficiently identifying harmful tea leaves with various poses in complex backgrounds,providing crucial guidance for the posture and obstacle avoidance of a robotic arm during the pruning process.The improvements proposed in this study encompass the Cross Stage Partial with Deformable Convolutional Networks v2(C2f-DCN)module,Bi-Level Routing Atten-tion(BRA),Dynamic Head(DyHead),and Focal Complete Intersection over Union(Focal-CIoU)Loss function,enhancing the model’s feature extraction,computation allocation,and perception capabilities.Compared to the baseline model YOLOv8s,mean Average Precision at IoU 0.5(mAP0.5)increased by 6%,and Floating Point Operations Per second(FLOPs)decreased by 3.3 G.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42176163,31970398,and 32370488)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS(Nos.2019216 and 2022211)。
文摘Mariculture exerts a direct influence on planktonic eukaryotic microorganisms protists.Previous studies have focused on phytoplankton,while the heterotrophic and parasitic protistan groups are unknown.Currently,in Muping Marine Ranch(MR)which is along the littoral zone of northern Yellow Sea of China,environmental DNA methods were employed to investigate the diversity and seasonal dynamics of near shore planktonic protists in response to mariculture.Through an integrated analysis of functional groups and a comparison to adjacent sea areas,we found a dominance of harmful algae blooms(HAB)species nearshore MR,and a significant reduction in the diversity of planktonic protists including photosynthetic,heterotrophic and parasitic groups.High nutrient and low salinity were suggested to drive the dominance of HAB species nearshore MR,which in return might inhibit predators,saprophytes and algal parasites.Our investigations revealed an Olisthodiscus luteus outbreak in spring,as well as significant seasonal variations in the planktonic protist community,which might be caused by the changes of temperature.The offshore hypoxia reduced the abundance of phytoplankton but increased mixotrophs and animal parasites of the protistan community nearshore MR.This study highlights the influence of mariculture on the overall community function of planktonic protists,and is helpful to assess the mariculture's impact on water health.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42277173)National Key Research and Development projects of China(Grant No.2021YFB2600402)+1 种基金the Opening Fund of Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education(Grant No.GLAB2022ZR03)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Cases of simultaneous inrush of high-temperature water and harmful gases are infrequently reported in areas without geothermal anomalies,hydrocarbon source rock,or coal measures.For this,we investigated the origin,development,and formation of the high-temperature water and harmful gases that rushed into Bangfu tunnel,Southwest China.During excavation of the Bangfu tunnel through the F1-2 fault in sandstone,a significant incident occurred involving a sudden influx of high-temperature water(45.4℃)of NaeHCO_(3)type and harmful gases(CO_(2),H2S).An extensive geological examination uncovered a fault network extending from the crust to the mantle in the tunnel site area.The site features a substantial presence of both surface water and groundwater.Furthermore,within the middle crust at depths ranging from 19 km to 23 km,there are high-temperature ductile melts enriched with fluids and gases.Monitoring and experiments conducted on the harmful gases reveal that the primary source is identified in the crust,with the mantle source being secondary,followed by the atmospheric source being a minimal contribution.The hydrochemical and isotopic composition characteristics of the hightemperature rushed water indicate its evolution was formed through the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation from cold groundwater of the CaeHCO_(3)type.The mechanism underlying the formation of the inrush high-temperature water and harmful gases can be outlined as follows.The fault network,spanning from the crust to the mantle,serves as a migration pathway for the inflow substances.Mantlederived volatiles and high-temperature melts make heat energy facilitate the inrush activity,while groundwater contributes to heat transfer and acts as a medium for gas transport.As mantle-derived volatiles migrate towards the surface through the fault network,they mix with high-temperature melts and crust-derived gases,forming a crust-mantle mixed gas.Through processes such as deep hydrothermal circulation,shallow hydrothermal circulation,water/rock reaction,near-surface mixing,and dilution,CaeHCO_(3)type cold groundwater transforms into high-temperature water of NaeHCO_(3)type.The methodologies and findings of our research offer insights into the route selection,investigation,and construction of mountain tunneling projects under similar geological conditions.
