Challenges arise in global viticulture due to low temperatures.To ensure the sustainable and high-quality development of the wine industry,it is essential to breed wine grape varieties that are not only of high qualit...Challenges arise in global viticulture due to low temperatures.To ensure the sustainable and high-quality development of the wine industry,it is essential to breed wine grape varieties that are not only of high quality but also possess cold hardiness.Intraspecific recurrent selection in Vitis vinifera can enhance cold hardiness while maintaining fruit quality.In this study,we used‘Ecolly’as an intermediary grape variety for crossing with‘Cabernet Sauvignon’,‘Marselan’,and‘Dunkelfelder’,including three reciprocal crosses and a total of 1,657 intraspecific hybrids.We characterized the cold hardiness of these intraspecific hybrids and analyzed the genetic aspects of cold hardiness,ultimately identifying excellent strains with cold hardiness.Parameters like mean high-temperature exotherm(mHTE),mean low-temperature exotherm(mLTE),bound/free water ratio,water loss ratio in vitro,frost damage grades,and overall performance displayed partially normal distributions.In intraspecific hybrids,there was a maternal advantage in traits related to bound/free water ratio and water loss ratio.Some hybrid populations exhibited values for mHTE,mLTE,and water loss ratio that were lower than the low parent's values,while bound/free water ratio showed values higher than the high parent's values.Among the 1,657 intraspecific hybrids,52 strains could bud under stress at-18℃,and seven of these strains excelled in three important cold hardiness measures.Our study revealed that cold hardiness in V.vinifera is influenced by multiple genes and is a quantitative trait.Intraspecific hybridization can produce a small number of superior strains with enhanced cold hardiness.展开更多
In Finland, under nursery conditions hybrid aspen may continue their shoot growth until early September. Thus, frost hardening is usually delayed. To solve this problem, we used a three-week period of short-day （SD）...In Finland, under nursery conditions hybrid aspen may continue their shoot growth until early September. Thus, frost hardening is usually delayed. To solve this problem, we used a three-week period of short-day （SD） treatment between late July and mid-August. During autumn after frost exposure, frost hardiness （FH） was assessed three times with a stem-browning test. The resuits showed that after SD treatment shoot growth ceased and FH increased when compared to untreated hybrid aspen. Furthermore, the height of SD-treated hybrid aspen varied much less than that of the control plants. We conclude that SD treatment in the nursery during the growing period can be used as a supplementary method for producing well-hardened and uniform hybrid aspen plants.展开更多
Aims Nursery and forest operations require that frost hardiness results be produced faster than can be provided by controlled freezing tests.There is a great challenge to develop a rapid method for predicting frost ha...Aims Nursery and forest operations require that frost hardiness results be produced faster than can be provided by controlled freezing tests.There is a great challenge to develop a rapid method for predicting frost hardiness that might not necessitate controlled freezing tests.The aim of this study was to examine the assessment of the frost hardiness of shoots and needles of Pinus bungeana by electrical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)with and without controlled exposure to freezing.Methods The frost hardiness of current-year shoots and needles of P.bungeana in an 8-year-old provenance field trial was measured at Shisanlin Nursery in Beijing,China,from September 2006 to January 2007 by means of EIS and conventional electrolyte leakage(EL).In the same plants,but without controlled freezing test,were monitored the EIS parameters in current-year shoots and needles.Important Findings The results showed that(i)after controlled freezing tests,the frost hardiness estimated by EIS parameters(extracellular resistance,re,and membrane time constant,sm)was significantly correlated with the frost hardiness assessed by EL method(r=0.95)and(ii)for the samples not exposed to controlled freezing treatment,the relaxation time s1 for shoots and b for needles had greater correlations with the frost hardiness estimated by EL after controlled freezing tests relative to the other parameters(r=0.90 for shoots and r=0.84 for needles,respectively).The parameters re of shoots and needles and sm of needles might be applied for measuring frost hardiness of samples after exposed to controlled freezing tests.The frost hardiness results can be obtained within 48 h.The parameters s1 of shoots and b of needles could be used for estimating the frost hardiness of samples without using a controlled freezing test.The frost hardiness results can be obtained within 24 h.展开更多
In this article,we conduct a study on mixed quasi-martingale Hardy spaces that are defined by means of the mixed L_(p)-norm.By utilizing Doob’s inequalities,we explore the atomic decomposition and quasi-martingale in...In this article,we conduct a study on mixed quasi-martingale Hardy spaces that are defined by means of the mixed L_(p)-norm.By utilizing Doob’s inequalities,we explore the atomic decomposition and quasi-martingale inequalities of mixed quasi-martingale Hardy spaces.Moreover,we furnish sufficient conditions for the boundedness ofσ-sublinear operators in these spaces.These findings extend the existing conclusions regarding mixed quasi-martingale Hardy spaces defined with the help of the mixed L_(p)-norm.展开更多
Cold tolerance is one of the important traits for grapevine,especially in regions with extremely low temperatures in winter.Vitis amurensis is wild species in the Vitis genus with excellent cold hardiness compared wit...Cold tolerance is one of the important traits for grapevine,especially in regions with extremely low temperatures in winter.Vitis amurensis is wild species in the Vitis genus with excellent cold hardiness compared with Vitis vinifera.However,metabolites that contribute to the cold tolerance of V.amurensis remain unknown.Here,the metabolomics of buds from V.amurensis‘Zuoshan-1'during cold acclimation(CA)were identified,and cold-sensitive cultivar(V.vinifera‘Jingzaojing')was used as the control.The buds were collected in October,November,and December in 2016 and 2018.The cold hardiness of the buds increased during CA in the two grapevines.However,browning was observed only in V.vinifera buds at temperature below-10℃.Among detected metabolites from buds,443 metabolites were overlapped between two years.Forty-four and thirty differentially accumulated metabolites(DAMs)were identified in V.amurensis and V.vinifera,respectively.Ten DAMs including monoacylglycerol(MAG,18:2)isomer 1,trehalose 6-phosphate,and D-glucose showed identical variations in the two grapevines,indicating conserved CA responses within the Vitis genus.Eighteen DAMs exhibited higher accumulation in V.amurensis than in V.vinifera.Maltotetraose,D-glucoronic acid,L-aspartic acid,azelaic acid,and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid were reported to accumulate during CA in other plants.Enhanced cold tolerance was detected in grapevine leaves with exogenous 5 mmol L^(-1)L-aspartic acid and 1%proanthocyanidins.Potential contributions of other DAMs found in V.amurensis such as Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside need to be further elucidated.Thus,eighteen metabolites accumulated in V.amurensis can be used for practical application in improvement of cold resistance in grapevine.Our findings provide new insights into understanding the cold hardiness of V.amurensis.展开更多
In this paper,the Paley-Wiener theorem is extended to the analytic function spaces with general weights.We first generalize the theorem to weighted Hardy spaces Hp(0<p<∞)on tube domains by constructing a sequen...In this paper,the Paley-Wiener theorem is extended to the analytic function spaces with general weights.We first generalize the theorem to weighted Hardy spaces Hp(0<p<∞)on tube domains by constructing a sequence of L^(1)functions converging to the given function and verifying their representation in the form of Fourier transform to establish the desired result of the given function.Applying this main result,we further generalize the Paley-Wiener theorem for band-limited functions to the analytic function spaces L^(p)(0<p<∞)with general weights.展开更多
A comparative study was carried out on the EM_cytochemical localization of calcium and Ca 2+ _ATPase activity in the suspension_cultured cells between the chilling_sensitive maize ( Zea mays L. cv. Black Mexica...A comparative study was carried out on the EM_cytochemical localization of calcium and Ca 2+ _ATPase activity in the suspension_cultured cells between the chilling_sensitive maize ( Zea mays L. cv. Black Mexican Sweet) and chilling_insensitive Trititrigia ( Triticum sect. Trititrigia mackey) at 4 ℃ chilling. When maize and Tyititrigia cells were cultured at 26 ℃, electron microscopic observations revealed that the electron_dense calcium antimonate deposits, an indication of the calcium localization, were localized mainly in the vacuoles, and few was found in the cytosol and nuclei. The electron_dense cerium phosphate deposits, an indication of Ca 2+ _ATPase activity, were abundantly distributed on the plasma membrane (PM). When the cells from both species were cultured at 4 ℃ for 1 and 3 h, an elevation of Ca 2+ level in the cytosol and nuclei was observed, whereas the cerium phosphate deposits on the PM showed no quantitative difference from those of the 26 ℃_cultured cells, indicating that the enzymatic activities were not altered during these chilling periods. However, there was a distinct difference in the dynamics of the Ca 2+ distribution and the PM Ca 2+ _ATPase activity between maize and Trititrigia when chilled at 4 ℃ for 12, 24 and 72 h. In maize cells, a large number of Ca 2+ deposits still existed in the cytosol and nuclei, and the PM Ca 2+ _ATPase became less and less active, and even inactive at all. In Trititrigia cells, the increased cytosolic and nuclear Ca 2+ ions decreased after 12 h chilling. By chilling up to 24 and 72 h, the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration had been restored to a similar low level as those of the warm temperature_cultured cells, while the activity of the PM Ca 2+ _ATPase maintained high. The transient cytosolic and nuclear Ca 2+ increase and the activities of PM Ca 2+ _ATPase during chilling are discussed in relation to plant cold hardiness.展开更多
Inhomogeneous Calderon-Zygmund operator T maps each atom into an approximate molecule of weighted local Hardy space if and only if some approximate cancellation condition holds for T.An equivalent norm for weighted Le...Inhomogeneous Calderon-Zygmund operator T maps each atom into an approximate molecule of weighted local Hardy space if and only if some approximate cancellation condition holds for T.An equivalent norm for weighted Lebesgue space which has vanishing moments up to order s plays an important role,where s∈N.展开更多
For 1<p<∞,Coifman-Rochberg-Weiss established L^(p) boundedness of commutators of smooth kernels.Later,many works tried to weaken the smooth condition.In this paper,we extend these mentioned results to the case ...For 1<p<∞,Coifman-Rochberg-Weiss established L^(p) boundedness of commutators of smooth kernels.Later,many works tried to weaken the smooth condition.In this paper,we extend these mentioned results to the case of non-homogeneous but with strong H¨ormander condition.Our main skills lie in wavelet decomposition,wavelet commutators,Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator and Fefferman-Stein's vector-valued maximum function Theorem.展开更多
研究了单位圆盘D上从加权Bergman空间到Hardy空间的Toeplitz算子,刻画了单位圆盘上p和q值不同时,从加权Bergman空间Aαp到Hardy空间Hp的Toeplitz算子的有界性和紧性。We study Toeplitz operators from weighted Bergman spaces to Hard...研究了单位圆盘D上从加权Bergman空间到Hardy空间的Toeplitz算子,刻画了单位圆盘上p和q值不同时,从加权Bergman空间Aαp到Hardy空间Hp的Toeplitz算子的有界性和紧性。We study Toeplitz operators from weighted Bergman spaces to Hardy spaces in the unit disk of D. We characterize the boundedness and compactness of Toeplitz operators from weighted Bergman spaces Aαpto Hardy spaces Hpfor the different values of p and q in the unit disk.展开更多
基金supported by Project of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Key R&D Program(Grant No.NXNYYZ202101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32360804)+1 种基金Ningxia Science and Technology Department major scientific and technological achievements transformation project(Grant No.2022CJE9007)Ningxia Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2023AAC03064).
文摘Challenges arise in global viticulture due to low temperatures.To ensure the sustainable and high-quality development of the wine industry,it is essential to breed wine grape varieties that are not only of high quality but also possess cold hardiness.Intraspecific recurrent selection in Vitis vinifera can enhance cold hardiness while maintaining fruit quality.In this study,we used‘Ecolly’as an intermediary grape variety for crossing with‘Cabernet Sauvignon’,‘Marselan’,and‘Dunkelfelder’,including three reciprocal crosses and a total of 1,657 intraspecific hybrids.We characterized the cold hardiness of these intraspecific hybrids and analyzed the genetic aspects of cold hardiness,ultimately identifying excellent strains with cold hardiness.Parameters like mean high-temperature exotherm(mHTE),mean low-temperature exotherm(mLTE),bound/free water ratio,water loss ratio in vitro,frost damage grades,and overall performance displayed partially normal distributions.In intraspecific hybrids,there was a maternal advantage in traits related to bound/free water ratio and water loss ratio.Some hybrid populations exhibited values for mHTE,mLTE,and water loss ratio that were lower than the low parent's values,while bound/free water ratio showed values higher than the high parent's values.Among the 1,657 intraspecific hybrids,52 strains could bud under stress at-18℃,and seven of these strains excelled in three important cold hardiness measures.Our study revealed that cold hardiness in V.vinifera is influenced by multiple genes and is a quantitative trait.Intraspecific hybridization can produce a small number of superior strains with enhanced cold hardiness.
文摘In Finland, under nursery conditions hybrid aspen may continue their shoot growth until early September. Thus, frost hardening is usually delayed. To solve this problem, we used a three-week period of short-day （SD） treatment between late July and mid-August. During autumn after frost exposure, frost hardiness （FH） was assessed three times with a stem-browning test. The resuits showed that after SD treatment shoot growth ceased and FH increased when compared to untreated hybrid aspen. Furthermore, the height of SD-treated hybrid aspen varied much less than that of the control plants. We conclude that SD treatment in the nursery during the growing period can be used as a supplementary method for producing well-hardened and uniform hybrid aspen plants.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 30640035)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Scholars,Agricultural University of Hebei(grant number 200406).
文摘Aims Nursery and forest operations require that frost hardiness results be produced faster than can be provided by controlled freezing tests.There is a great challenge to develop a rapid method for predicting frost hardiness that might not necessitate controlled freezing tests.The aim of this study was to examine the assessment of the frost hardiness of shoots and needles of Pinus bungeana by electrical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)with and without controlled exposure to freezing.Methods The frost hardiness of current-year shoots and needles of P.bungeana in an 8-year-old provenance field trial was measured at Shisanlin Nursery in Beijing,China,from September 2006 to January 2007 by means of EIS and conventional electrolyte leakage(EL).In the same plants,but without controlled freezing test,were monitored the EIS parameters in current-year shoots and needles.Important Findings The results showed that(i)after controlled freezing tests,the frost hardiness estimated by EIS parameters(extracellular resistance,re,and membrane time constant,sm)was significantly correlated with the frost hardiness assessed by EL method(r=0.95)and(ii)for the samples not exposed to controlled freezing treatment,the relaxation time s1 for shoots and b for needles had greater correlations with the frost hardiness estimated by EL after controlled freezing tests relative to the other parameters(r=0.90 for shoots and r=0.84 for needles,respectively).The parameters re of shoots and needles and sm of needles might be applied for measuring frost hardiness of samples after exposed to controlled freezing tests.The frost hardiness results can be obtained within 48 h.The parameters s1 of shoots and b of needles could be used for estimating the frost hardiness of samples without using a controlled freezing test.The frost hardiness results can be obtained within 24 h.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11871195)。
文摘In this article,we conduct a study on mixed quasi-martingale Hardy spaces that are defined by means of the mixed L_(p)-norm.By utilizing Doob’s inequalities,we explore the atomic decomposition and quasi-martingale inequalities of mixed quasi-martingale Hardy spaces.Moreover,we furnish sufficient conditions for the boundedness ofσ-sublinear operators in these spaces.These findings extend the existing conclusions regarding mixed quasi-martingale Hardy spaces defined with the help of the mixed L_(p)-norm.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFD1000300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32272691 and 32025032)+1 种基金the Grape Breeding Project of Ningxia(Grant No.NXNYYZ202101-04)the Major Program of Technological Innovation in Hubei Province(Grant No.2022BBA0022)。
文摘Cold tolerance is one of the important traits for grapevine,especially in regions with extremely low temperatures in winter.Vitis amurensis is wild species in the Vitis genus with excellent cold hardiness compared with Vitis vinifera.However,metabolites that contribute to the cold tolerance of V.amurensis remain unknown.Here,the metabolomics of buds from V.amurensis‘Zuoshan-1'during cold acclimation(CA)were identified,and cold-sensitive cultivar(V.vinifera‘Jingzaojing')was used as the control.The buds were collected in October,November,and December in 2016 and 2018.The cold hardiness of the buds increased during CA in the two grapevines.However,browning was observed only in V.vinifera buds at temperature below-10℃.Among detected metabolites from buds,443 metabolites were overlapped between two years.Forty-four and thirty differentially accumulated metabolites(DAMs)were identified in V.amurensis and V.vinifera,respectively.Ten DAMs including monoacylglycerol(MAG,18:2)isomer 1,trehalose 6-phosphate,and D-glucose showed identical variations in the two grapevines,indicating conserved CA responses within the Vitis genus.Eighteen DAMs exhibited higher accumulation in V.amurensis than in V.vinifera.Maltotetraose,D-glucoronic acid,L-aspartic acid,azelaic acid,and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid were reported to accumulate during CA in other plants.Enhanced cold tolerance was detected in grapevine leaves with exogenous 5 mmol L^(-1)L-aspartic acid and 1%proanthocyanidins.Potential contributions of other DAMs found in V.amurensis such as Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside need to be further elucidated.Thus,eighteen metabolites accumulated in V.amurensis can be used for practical application in improvement of cold resistance in grapevine.Our findings provide new insights into understanding the cold hardiness of V.amurensis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12301101)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515110019 and 2020A1515110585)。
文摘In this paper,the Paley-Wiener theorem is extended to the analytic function spaces with general weights.We first generalize the theorem to weighted Hardy spaces Hp(0<p<∞)on tube domains by constructing a sequence of L^(1)functions converging to the given function and verifying their representation in the form of Fourier transform to establish the desired result of the given function.Applying this main result,we further generalize the Paley-Wiener theorem for band-limited functions to the analytic function spaces L^(p)(0<p<∞)with general weights.
文摘A comparative study was carried out on the EM_cytochemical localization of calcium and Ca 2+ _ATPase activity in the suspension_cultured cells between the chilling_sensitive maize ( Zea mays L. cv. Black Mexican Sweet) and chilling_insensitive Trititrigia ( Triticum sect. Trititrigia mackey) at 4 ℃ chilling. When maize and Tyititrigia cells were cultured at 26 ℃, electron microscopic observations revealed that the electron_dense calcium antimonate deposits, an indication of the calcium localization, were localized mainly in the vacuoles, and few was found in the cytosol and nuclei. The electron_dense cerium phosphate deposits, an indication of Ca 2+ _ATPase activity, were abundantly distributed on the plasma membrane (PM). When the cells from both species were cultured at 4 ℃ for 1 and 3 h, an elevation of Ca 2+ level in the cytosol and nuclei was observed, whereas the cerium phosphate deposits on the PM showed no quantitative difference from those of the 26 ℃_cultured cells, indicating that the enzymatic activities were not altered during these chilling periods. However, there was a distinct difference in the dynamics of the Ca 2+ distribution and the PM Ca 2+ _ATPase activity between maize and Trititrigia when chilled at 4 ℃ for 12, 24 and 72 h. In maize cells, a large number of Ca 2+ deposits still existed in the cytosol and nuclei, and the PM Ca 2+ _ATPase became less and less active, and even inactive at all. In Trititrigia cells, the increased cytosolic and nuclear Ca 2+ ions decreased after 12 h chilling. By chilling up to 24 and 72 h, the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration had been restored to a similar low level as those of the warm temperature_cultured cells, while the activity of the PM Ca 2+ _ATPase maintained high. The transient cytosolic and nuclear Ca 2+ increase and the activities of PM Ca 2+ _ATPase during chilling are discussed in relation to plant cold hardiness.
文摘Inhomogeneous Calderon-Zygmund operator T maps each atom into an approximate molecule of weighted local Hardy space if and only if some approximate cancellation condition holds for T.An equivalent norm for weighted Lebesgue space which has vanishing moments up to order s plays an important role,where s∈N.
基金partially supported by the research grant of Macao University of Science and Technology(FRG-22-075-MCMS)the Macao Government Research Funding(FDCT0128/2022/A)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao SAR(005/2022/ALC)the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao SAR(0045/2021/A)Macao University of Science and Technology(FRG-20-021-MISE)。
文摘For 1<p<∞,Coifman-Rochberg-Weiss established L^(p) boundedness of commutators of smooth kernels.Later,many works tried to weaken the smooth condition.In this paper,we extend these mentioned results to the case of non-homogeneous but with strong H¨ormander condition.Our main skills lie in wavelet decomposition,wavelet commutators,Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator and Fefferman-Stein's vector-valued maximum function Theorem.
文摘研究了单位圆盘D上从加权Bergman空间到Hardy空间的Toeplitz算子,刻画了单位圆盘上p和q值不同时,从加权Bergman空间Aαp到Hardy空间Hp的Toeplitz算子的有界性和紧性。We study Toeplitz operators from weighted Bergman spaces to Hardy spaces in the unit disk of D. We characterize the boundedness and compactness of Toeplitz operators from weighted Bergman spaces Aαpto Hardy spaces Hpfor the different values of p and q in the unit disk.
