This research relates to the change in land use and land cover and to socio-economic metabolism, which constitute two approaches to interdisciplinary research on the society-nature relationship. The study focuses on r...This research relates to the change in land use and land cover and to socio-economic metabolism, which constitute two approaches to interdisciplinary research on the society-nature relationship. The study focuses on relationships between the spatial pattern of land use, as exhibited through changes in Human Appropriation of Net Primary Productivity percentage (HANPP%), and socio- economic indicators (such as social exclusion/inclusion, income autonomy, human development, social equity and quality of life) of census sectors of a watershed. The analysis seeks to identify the existence of ecological and economic conflicts as a means of diagnosing the sustainability condition of the mid-upper Mogi Guaçu River watershed in 2009. The spatial pattern of land use of the watershed in 2009 indicates that ecosystems and natural habitats had already been reduced to a fraction of their original sizes and that a significant portion of their primary productivity had been appropriated. The predominance of anthropogenic agricultural activities in the watershed was the main cause of the increase in the HANPP%. Lower HANPP% values are associated with census sectors in regions with legally protected conservation areas;higher values are associated with census sectors involved in anthropogenic agricultural and non-agricultural activities. A positive significant correlation was observed between HANPP% and social exclusion/inclusion, income autonomy and human development indicators, with values above the Basic Social Inclusion Standard, indicating lower trophic availability. With the exception of the quality of life indicator, lower (0.75 to 0.25) and higher (-0.75 to -0.25) social exclusion values were observed in rural and urban census sectors. The environmental sustainability of the middle Mogi Guaçu River watershed has been compromised in terms of the amount of biomass available to the trophic community. However, socio-economic indicators demonstrate an improved quality of life for the populations of the census sectors of the middle Mogi Guaçu River watershed.展开更多
在人类占用净初级生产力(HANPP)等研究基础上,提出了净初级生产力(NPP)权衡假设,即生态系统供给、调节服务的权衡受到HANPP各组分分配比例的影响;基于NPP权衡假设构建了生产生态协同提升模式效果的分析框架。以西藏拉萨河流域白朗村为例...在人类占用净初级生产力(HANPP)等研究基础上,提出了净初级生产力(NPP)权衡假设,即生态系统供给、调节服务的权衡受到HANPP各组分分配比例的影响;基于NPP权衡假设构建了生产生态协同提升模式效果的分析框架。以西藏拉萨河流域白朗村为例,基于实地采样、监测数据,分析了生态修复前、协同提升及河谷种草模式下,白朗村的HANPP组分、空间格局,以及生产、生态功能(牲畜养殖数量、碳固定服务和空气净化服务)。结果表明:在实施生态修复前,白朗村共有牲畜15990羊单位,HANPP为35.0 g C/m^(2),占潜在NPP的13.8%,其中收获导致的HANPPharv占40.0%;生态系统空气净化服务为12.0 g SO_(2)m^(-2)a^(-1),碳固定服务为6245.4 g C m^(-2)a^(-1)。协同提升后,HANPP总量基本保持不变,但结构发生了变化,其中HANPPharv提高了4.2%,土地利用导致的HANPPluc降低了1.8%。同时,养殖牲畜数量增加6.3%,生态系统调节服务基本保持同一水平。在河谷种草模式下,HANPP总量相比实施生态修复前降低了67.0%,结构变化更加剧烈。HANPPharv增加了84.2%,为25.8 g C/m^(2);HANPPluc降低了167.0%,为-14.2 g C/m^(2)。牲畜数量大幅增加了2.2倍(35195.0羊单位);而空气净化服务也提高了15.1%(13.8 g SO_(2)m^(-2)a^(-1)),碳固定服务提高了5.0%(6560.1 g C m^(-2)a^(-1))。研究表明,NPP权衡假设可以为定量分析区域尺度生态系统服务权衡提供一定的理论支持,促进生产生态功能协同提升的生态修复模式优化。展开更多
文摘This research relates to the change in land use and land cover and to socio-economic metabolism, which constitute two approaches to interdisciplinary research on the society-nature relationship. The study focuses on relationships between the spatial pattern of land use, as exhibited through changes in Human Appropriation of Net Primary Productivity percentage (HANPP%), and socio- economic indicators (such as social exclusion/inclusion, income autonomy, human development, social equity and quality of life) of census sectors of a watershed. The analysis seeks to identify the existence of ecological and economic conflicts as a means of diagnosing the sustainability condition of the mid-upper Mogi Guaçu River watershed in 2009. The spatial pattern of land use of the watershed in 2009 indicates that ecosystems and natural habitats had already been reduced to a fraction of their original sizes and that a significant portion of their primary productivity had been appropriated. The predominance of anthropogenic agricultural activities in the watershed was the main cause of the increase in the HANPP%. Lower HANPP% values are associated with census sectors in regions with legally protected conservation areas;higher values are associated with census sectors involved in anthropogenic agricultural and non-agricultural activities. A positive significant correlation was observed between HANPP% and social exclusion/inclusion, income autonomy and human development indicators, with values above the Basic Social Inclusion Standard, indicating lower trophic availability. With the exception of the quality of life indicator, lower (0.75 to 0.25) and higher (-0.75 to -0.25) social exclusion values were observed in rural and urban census sectors. The environmental sustainability of the middle Mogi Guaçu River watershed has been compromised in terms of the amount of biomass available to the trophic community. However, socio-economic indicators demonstrate an improved quality of life for the populations of the census sectors of the middle Mogi Guaçu River watershed.
文摘在人类占用净初级生产力(HANPP)等研究基础上,提出了净初级生产力(NPP)权衡假设,即生态系统供给、调节服务的权衡受到HANPP各组分分配比例的影响;基于NPP权衡假设构建了生产生态协同提升模式效果的分析框架。以西藏拉萨河流域白朗村为例,基于实地采样、监测数据,分析了生态修复前、协同提升及河谷种草模式下,白朗村的HANPP组分、空间格局,以及生产、生态功能(牲畜养殖数量、碳固定服务和空气净化服务)。结果表明:在实施生态修复前,白朗村共有牲畜15990羊单位,HANPP为35.0 g C/m^(2),占潜在NPP的13.8%,其中收获导致的HANPPharv占40.0%;生态系统空气净化服务为12.0 g SO_(2)m^(-2)a^(-1),碳固定服务为6245.4 g C m^(-2)a^(-1)。协同提升后,HANPP总量基本保持不变,但结构发生了变化,其中HANPPharv提高了4.2%,土地利用导致的HANPPluc降低了1.8%。同时,养殖牲畜数量增加6.3%,生态系统调节服务基本保持同一水平。在河谷种草模式下,HANPP总量相比实施生态修复前降低了67.0%,结构变化更加剧烈。HANPPharv增加了84.2%,为25.8 g C/m^(2);HANPPluc降低了167.0%,为-14.2 g C/m^(2)。牲畜数量大幅增加了2.2倍(35195.0羊单位);而空气净化服务也提高了15.1%(13.8 g SO_(2)m^(-2)a^(-1)),碳固定服务提高了5.0%(6560.1 g C m^(-2)a^(-1))。研究表明,NPP权衡假设可以为定量分析区域尺度生态系统服务权衡提供一定的理论支持,促进生产生态功能协同提升的生态修复模式优化。
