This study investigates the variability in cancer diagnosis across different tissues and organs, with a focus on the role of diagnostic methods such as Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry...This study investigates the variability in cancer diagnosis across different tissues and organs, with a focus on the role of diagnostic methods such as Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The predominance of female breast cancer (30%) aligns with global trends, underscoring the need for robust diagnostic protocols, particularly in developing regions. Other prevalent cancers, including skin, stomach, and cervix uteri, reflect a mix of environmental, genetic, and infectious factors. The underrepresentation of gallbladder and thyroid cancers (<1%) suggests potential underdiagnosis or lower prevalence. Age distribution data indicate peak cancer incidence in individuals aged 31 - 45 years, with gender-specific cancers like breast and cervical cancer predominantly affecting females (63.4%). The analysis also highlights significant diagnostic gaps, as 61.2% of cases did not undergo IHC testing due to resource constraints, leading to potential biases in cancer prevalence and diagnostic accuracy. The study emphasizes the complementary role of IHC in confirming ambiguous H&E findings, with strong alignment observed when both methods were used. However, the absence of IHC in many cases limits the robustness of conclusions, suggesting the need for increased access to IHC testing. The findings advocate for integrating IHC into routine diagnostics, expanding diagnostic capabilities, and improving sample sizes to ensure more reliable and comprehensive cancer data.展开更多
通过观察卵巢组织中不同发育阶段的各级卵泡的形态和数量,并结合促性腺激素和性激素的测定能够更好地评估卵巢功能。本研究目的在于改进现有的卵巢组织切片及染色方法,建立更快观察和评价卵巢组织中各级卵泡数量和质量的方法。取动情前...通过观察卵巢组织中不同发育阶段的各级卵泡的形态和数量,并结合促性腺激素和性激素的测定能够更好地评估卵巢功能。本研究目的在于改进现有的卵巢组织切片及染色方法,建立更快观察和评价卵巢组织中各级卵泡数量和质量的方法。取动情前期、动情期、动情后期和动情间期雌性C57BL/6J小鼠卵巢,用4%多聚甲醛固定,梯度蔗糖脱水,OCT(optimal cutting temperature compound)包埋,冰冻切片(厚7μm),快速H&E染色后进行观察。结果显示,本方法能够分辨次级卵泡、窦前、窦状和排卵前卵泡,虽然不能区分和分辨始基卵泡和初级卵泡,但是其它观察结果与复杂的方法相当。以上结果提示,快速和改进的小鼠卵巢冰冻切片和H&E染色方法可以与激素分析结合,用于小鼠模型中的卵巢发育和功能研究。展开更多
在基于Mesh-under的IPv6低功耗无线个域网(IPv6over low-power wireless personal area networks,6LoWPAN)中,针对传输路径上中间节点重传缓存溢出导致重传数据分片丢失,造成网络性能下降等问题,提出一种基于Mesh-under的备用缓存机制...在基于Mesh-under的IPv6低功耗无线个域网(IPv6over low-power wireless personal area networks,6LoWPAN)中,针对传输路径上中间节点重传缓存溢出导致重传数据分片丢失,造成网络性能下降等问题,提出一种基于Mesh-under的备用缓存机制。本文所提机制根据传输路径上各节点重传缓存使用情况及数据分片剩余跳数等信息,设置动态重传缓存门限,并为超过该门限的节点从其邻居节点中挑选合适的备用缓存节点,从而完成数据分片的缓存与重传过程,达到均衡使用各节点重传缓存的目的。结果表明,所提机制能够有效避免重传缓存溢出,减小网络能耗,同时进一步提高目的端重组成功率。展开更多
The Nanoindentation is a precise technique for the elucidation of mechanical properties. But such elucidation requires physically based interpretation of the loading curves that is widely still not practiced. The use ...The Nanoindentation is a precise technique for the elucidation of mechanical properties. But such elucidation requires physically based interpretation of the loading curves that is widely still not practiced. The use of indentation hardness <em>H</em> and indentation modulus <em>E<sub>r</sub></em> is unphysical and cannot detect the most important phase-transitions under load that very often occur. The claim that <em>H </em>versus<em> E </em>plots relate linearly for all different materials is neither empirically found nor correctly deduced. It is most dangerous by producing incorrect materials properties and misleading. The use of <em>H/E</em> (that is also called “elasticity index”) in complicated formulas for brittle parameter, yield strength, toughness, and so-called “true hardness” is also in error. The use of<em> H/E </em>cannot reveal the true qualities of materials without considering phase-transitions under load that require the correct exponent 3/2 on <em>h</em> for the loading curves (instead of disproved 2). This is exemplified with the physical data of different mollusk shells that experience phase-transitions, a new bionics model, and different contributions for their strengthening. The data are compared to the ones of aragonite and calcite and vaterite.展开更多
文摘This study investigates the variability in cancer diagnosis across different tissues and organs, with a focus on the role of diagnostic methods such as Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The predominance of female breast cancer (30%) aligns with global trends, underscoring the need for robust diagnostic protocols, particularly in developing regions. Other prevalent cancers, including skin, stomach, and cervix uteri, reflect a mix of environmental, genetic, and infectious factors. The underrepresentation of gallbladder and thyroid cancers (<1%) suggests potential underdiagnosis or lower prevalence. Age distribution data indicate peak cancer incidence in individuals aged 31 - 45 years, with gender-specific cancers like breast and cervical cancer predominantly affecting females (63.4%). The analysis also highlights significant diagnostic gaps, as 61.2% of cases did not undergo IHC testing due to resource constraints, leading to potential biases in cancer prevalence and diagnostic accuracy. The study emphasizes the complementary role of IHC in confirming ambiguous H&E findings, with strong alignment observed when both methods were used. However, the absence of IHC in many cases limits the robustness of conclusions, suggesting the need for increased access to IHC testing. The findings advocate for integrating IHC into routine diagnostics, expanding diagnostic capabilities, and improving sample sizes to ensure more reliable and comprehensive cancer data.
基金supported by Australian NHMRC and The University of Queensland
文摘通过观察卵巢组织中不同发育阶段的各级卵泡的形态和数量,并结合促性腺激素和性激素的测定能够更好地评估卵巢功能。本研究目的在于改进现有的卵巢组织切片及染色方法,建立更快观察和评价卵巢组织中各级卵泡数量和质量的方法。取动情前期、动情期、动情后期和动情间期雌性C57BL/6J小鼠卵巢,用4%多聚甲醛固定,梯度蔗糖脱水,OCT(optimal cutting temperature compound)包埋,冰冻切片(厚7μm),快速H&E染色后进行观察。结果显示,本方法能够分辨次级卵泡、窦前、窦状和排卵前卵泡,虽然不能区分和分辨始基卵泡和初级卵泡,但是其它观察结果与复杂的方法相当。以上结果提示,快速和改进的小鼠卵巢冰冻切片和H&E染色方法可以与激素分析结合,用于小鼠模型中的卵巢发育和功能研究。
文摘在基于Mesh-under的IPv6低功耗无线个域网(IPv6over low-power wireless personal area networks,6LoWPAN)中,针对传输路径上中间节点重传缓存溢出导致重传数据分片丢失,造成网络性能下降等问题,提出一种基于Mesh-under的备用缓存机制。本文所提机制根据传输路径上各节点重传缓存使用情况及数据分片剩余跳数等信息,设置动态重传缓存门限,并为超过该门限的节点从其邻居节点中挑选合适的备用缓存节点,从而完成数据分片的缓存与重传过程,达到均衡使用各节点重传缓存的目的。结果表明,所提机制能够有效避免重传缓存溢出,减小网络能耗,同时进一步提高目的端重组成功率。
文摘The Nanoindentation is a precise technique for the elucidation of mechanical properties. But such elucidation requires physically based interpretation of the loading curves that is widely still not practiced. The use of indentation hardness <em>H</em> and indentation modulus <em>E<sub>r</sub></em> is unphysical and cannot detect the most important phase-transitions under load that very often occur. The claim that <em>H </em>versus<em> E </em>plots relate linearly for all different materials is neither empirically found nor correctly deduced. It is most dangerous by producing incorrect materials properties and misleading. The use of <em>H/E</em> (that is also called “elasticity index”) in complicated formulas for brittle parameter, yield strength, toughness, and so-called “true hardness” is also in error. The use of<em> H/E </em>cannot reveal the true qualities of materials without considering phase-transitions under load that require the correct exponent 3/2 on <em>h</em> for the loading curves (instead of disproved 2). This is exemplified with the physical data of different mollusk shells that experience phase-transitions, a new bionics model, and different contributions for their strengthening. The data are compared to the ones of aragonite and calcite and vaterite.
