Background Yueju Pill,a classic traditional Chinese medicine,shows antidepressant effects rapidly.However,biomarkers that can predict its treatment outcomes in major depressive disorder(MDD)are still lacking.Multimoda...Background Yueju Pill,a classic traditional Chinese medicine,shows antidepressant effects rapidly.However,biomarkers that can predict its treatment outcomes in major depressive disorder(MDD)are still lacking.Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)offers a promising avenue to identify such biomarkers.Aims This pilot study aimed to explore whether therapeutic responses to Yueju Pill could be predicted by MRI-derived brain networks and to identify drug-specific biomarkers in comparison to escitalopram,a mainstream antidepressant.Methods We collected multimodal MRI data and blood samples from 28 outpatients with MDD from the Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou,who were randomly divided into two groups to receive either Yueju Pill(23 g/time/day)or escitalopram(10 mg,two times a day)for 4 days.Morphological and functional brain networks were constructed and used to predict individual changes in symptoms quantified by the 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-24)scores and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels.Results After the treatment,both groups exhibited significant reductions in the HAMD-24 scores,while only the Yueju Pill group showed significant increases in the BDNF levels.Gyrification Index-based morphological networks predicted change rates of the HAMD-24 scores in both groups,but sulcus depth-based and cortical thickness-based morphological networks predicted change rates of the HAMD-24 scores and BDNF levels,respectively,only in the Yueju Pill group.Subnetwork analyses revealed that the visual network independently predicted the changes in both the HAMD-24 scores(sulcus depth-based networks)and BDNF levels(cortical thickness-based networks)following Yueju Pill treatment.Conclusions Morphological but not functional brain networks can predict symptom improvement and BDNF changes of patients with MDD after Yueju Pill treatment.Sulcus depth-based and cortical thickness-based morphological brain networks,particularly their visual subnetworks,might serve as Yueju Pill-specific biomarkers for predicting the therapeutic responses.These findings have the potential to guide personalised therapy for patients with MDD early in the therapeutic process.展开更多
Neuro myelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.However,whether and how cortical changes occur in NMOSD with normal-appearing brain tissue,or wheth...Neuro myelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.However,whether and how cortical changes occur in NMOSD with normal-appearing brain tissue,or whether any cortical changes correlate with clinical chara cteristics,is not completely clear.The current study recruited 43 patients with NMOSD who had normal-appearing brain tissue and 45 healthy controls matched for age,sex,and educational background from December 2020 to February 2022.A surface-based morphological analysis of high-resolution T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images was used to calculate the cortical thickness,sulcal depth,and gyrification index.Analysis showed that cortical thickness in the bilate ral rostral middle frontal gyrus and left superior frontal gyrus was lower in the patients with NMOSD than in the control participants.Subgroup analysis of the patients with NMOSD indicated that compared with those who did not have any optic neuritis episodes,those who did have such episodes exhibited noticeably thinner cortex in the bilateral cuneus,superior parietal co rtex,and pericalcarine co rtex.Correlation analysis indicated that co rtical thickness in the bilateral rostral middle frontal gyrus was positively correlated with scores on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test and negatively correlated with scores on the Trail Making Test and the Expanded Disability Status Scale.These results are evidence that cortical thinning of the bilateral regional frontal cortex occurs in patients with NMOSD who have normal-appearing brain tissue,and that the degree of thinning is correlated with clinical disability and cognitive function.These findings will help im prove our understanding of the imaging chara cteristics in NMOSD and their potential clinical significance.展开更多
Although the process by which the cortical tissues of the brain fold has been the subject of considerable study and debate over the past few decades,a single mechanistic description of the phenomenon has yet to be ful...Although the process by which the cortical tissues of the brain fold has been the subject of considerable study and debate over the past few decades,a single mechanistic description of the phenomenon has yet to be fully accepted.Rather,two competing explanations of cortical folding have arisen in recent years;known as the axonal tension and the differential tangential expansion models.In the present review,these two models are introduced by analyzing the computational,theoretical,materials-based,and cell studies which have yielded them.Then Four-dimensional bioprinting is presented as a powerful technology which can not only be used to test both models of cortical folding de novo,but can also be used to explore the reciprocal effects that folding associated mechanical stresses may have on neural development.Therein,the fabrication of‘smart’tissue models which can accurately simulate the in vivo folding process and recapitulate physiologically relevant stresses are introduced.We also provide a general description of both cortical neurobiology as well as the cellular basis of cortical folding.Our discussion also entails an overview of both 3D and 4D bioprinting technologies,as well as a brief commentary on recent advancements in printed central nervous system tissue engineering.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFE0201000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82472092,82174002,81874374 and 81673625)+2 种基金a grant from the Research Center for Brain Cognition and Human Development,Guangdong,China(No.2024B0303390003)Key Realm R&D Program of Guangzhou(No.202206010109)Taizhou Science and Technology Support Program(Social Development)project(No.TS2016-12).
文摘Background Yueju Pill,a classic traditional Chinese medicine,shows antidepressant effects rapidly.However,biomarkers that can predict its treatment outcomes in major depressive disorder(MDD)are still lacking.Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)offers a promising avenue to identify such biomarkers.Aims This pilot study aimed to explore whether therapeutic responses to Yueju Pill could be predicted by MRI-derived brain networks and to identify drug-specific biomarkers in comparison to escitalopram,a mainstream antidepressant.Methods We collected multimodal MRI data and blood samples from 28 outpatients with MDD from the Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou,who were randomly divided into two groups to receive either Yueju Pill(23 g/time/day)or escitalopram(10 mg,two times a day)for 4 days.Morphological and functional brain networks were constructed and used to predict individual changes in symptoms quantified by the 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-24)scores and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels.Results After the treatment,both groups exhibited significant reductions in the HAMD-24 scores,while only the Yueju Pill group showed significant increases in the BDNF levels.Gyrification Index-based morphological networks predicted change rates of the HAMD-24 scores in both groups,but sulcus depth-based and cortical thickness-based morphological networks predicted change rates of the HAMD-24 scores and BDNF levels,respectively,only in the Yueju Pill group.Subnetwork analyses revealed that the visual network independently predicted the changes in both the HAMD-24 scores(sulcus depth-based networks)and BDNF levels(cortical thickness-based networks)following Yueju Pill treatment.Conclusions Morphological but not functional brain networks can predict symptom improvement and BDNF changes of patients with MDD after Yueju Pill treatment.Sulcus depth-based and cortical thickness-based morphological brain networks,particularly their visual subnetworks,might serve as Yueju Pill-specific biomarkers for predicting the therapeutic responses.These findings have the potential to guide personalised therapy for patients with MDD early in the therapeutic process.
基金Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hunan Province,No.2020SK4001Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,No.2021RC4016Accurate Localization Study of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Based on Deep Learning Through Multimodal Image and Neural Network,No.2021gfcx05 (all to JL)。
文摘Neuro myelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.However,whether and how cortical changes occur in NMOSD with normal-appearing brain tissue,or whether any cortical changes correlate with clinical chara cteristics,is not completely clear.The current study recruited 43 patients with NMOSD who had normal-appearing brain tissue and 45 healthy controls matched for age,sex,and educational background from December 2020 to February 2022.A surface-based morphological analysis of high-resolution T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images was used to calculate the cortical thickness,sulcal depth,and gyrification index.Analysis showed that cortical thickness in the bilate ral rostral middle frontal gyrus and left superior frontal gyrus was lower in the patients with NMOSD than in the control participants.Subgroup analysis of the patients with NMOSD indicated that compared with those who did not have any optic neuritis episodes,those who did have such episodes exhibited noticeably thinner cortex in the bilateral cuneus,superior parietal co rtex,and pericalcarine co rtex.Correlation analysis indicated that co rtical thickness in the bilateral rostral middle frontal gyrus was positively correlated with scores on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test and negatively correlated with scores on the Trail Making Test and the Expanded Disability Status Scale.These results are evidence that cortical thinning of the bilateral regional frontal cortex occurs in patients with NMOSD who have normal-appearing brain tissue,and that the degree of thinning is correlated with clinical disability and cognitive function.These findings will help im prove our understanding of the imaging chara cteristics in NMOSD and their potential clinical significance.
基金supported by NSF MME program grant#1642186March of Dimes Foundation’s Gene Discovery and Translational Research Grant and NIH Director’s New Innovator Award 1DP2EB020549-01.
文摘Although the process by which the cortical tissues of the brain fold has been the subject of considerable study and debate over the past few decades,a single mechanistic description of the phenomenon has yet to be fully accepted.Rather,two competing explanations of cortical folding have arisen in recent years;known as the axonal tension and the differential tangential expansion models.In the present review,these two models are introduced by analyzing the computational,theoretical,materials-based,and cell studies which have yielded them.Then Four-dimensional bioprinting is presented as a powerful technology which can not only be used to test both models of cortical folding de novo,but can also be used to explore the reciprocal effects that folding associated mechanical stresses may have on neural development.Therein,the fabrication of‘smart’tissue models which can accurately simulate the in vivo folding process and recapitulate physiologically relevant stresses are introduced.We also provide a general description of both cortical neurobiology as well as the cellular basis of cortical folding.Our discussion also entails an overview of both 3D and 4D bioprinting technologies,as well as a brief commentary on recent advancements in printed central nervous system tissue engineering.
