The integration and miniaturization of chips lead to inevitable overheating and increasing electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems, which threaten the performance, stability, and lifetime of electroniccomponents. ...The integration and miniaturization of chips lead to inevitable overheating and increasing electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems, which threaten the performance, stability, and lifetime of electroniccomponents. Therefore, it is important to improve the heat dissipation and EMI shielding performancein device packaging for the steady operation of electronic products. In recent years, due to its intrinsic superior thermal conductivity, proper electrical conductivity, light-weight, and structural adjustability,graphene has been widely used as high thermal and conductive fillers incorporated in the polymer matrix to improve the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of composites. This review concludesthe recent development of graphene/polymer composites by using graphene as fillers to improve thethermal conductivity and EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE). The structure of graphene embedded inthe composites varies from zero-dimension (0D), one-dimension (1D) to two-dimensions (2D). Moreover,highly thermally and electrically conductive fillers with different dimensions were also modified on thegraphene to improve the composite performance. Finally, this review also makes prospects for the development trend of graphene/polymer composites with high thermal conductivity and EMI SE in the future.展开更多
The quest for scalable integration of monolayer graphene into functional composites confronts the bottleneck of high-fidelity transfer onto substrates,crucial for unlocking graphene’s full potential in advanced appli...The quest for scalable integration of monolayer graphene into functional composites confronts the bottleneck of high-fidelity transfer onto substrates,crucial for unlocking graphene’s full potential in advanced applications.Addressing this,our research introduces the camphor-assisted transfer(CAT)method,a novel approach that surmounts common issues of residue and structural deformation endemic to existing techniques.Grounded in the sublimation dynamics of camphor,the CAT method achieves a clean,contiguous transfer of centimeter-scale monolayer graphene onto an array of polymer films,including ultra-thin polyethylene films.The resultant ultrathin graphene-polyethylene(gPE)films,characterized by their exceptional transparency and conductivity,reveal the CAT method’s unique ability to preserve the pristine quality of graphene,underscoring its practicality for preparing flexible transparent electrodes by monolayer graphene.In-depth mechanism investigation into the camphor sublimation during CAT has led to a pivotal realization:the porosity of the target polymer substrate is a determinant in achieving high-quality graphene transfer.Ensuring that camphor sublimates initially from the polymer side is crucial to prevent the formation of wrinkles or delamination of graphene.By extensive examination of CAT on a spectrum of commonly used polymer films,including PE,PP,PTFE,PI and PET,we have confirmed this important conclusion.This discovery offers crucial guidance for fabricating monolayer graphene-polymer composite films using methods akin to CAT,underscoring the significance of substrate selection in the transfer process.展开更多
Among various architectures of polymers,end-group-free rings have attracted growing interests due to their distinct physicochemical performances over the linear counterparts which are exemplified by reduced hydrodynam...Among various architectures of polymers,end-group-free rings have attracted growing interests due to their distinct physicochemical performances over the linear counterparts which are exemplified by reduced hydrodynamic size and slower degradation.It is key to develop facile methods to large-scale synthesis of polymer rings with tunable compositions and microstructures.Recent progresses in large-scale synthesis of polymer rings against single-chain dynamic nanoparticles,and the example applications in synchronous enhancing toughness and strength of polymer nanocomposites are summarized.Once there is the breakthrough in rational design and effective large-scale synthesis of polymer rings and their functional derivatives,a family of cyclic functional hybrids would be available,thus providing a new paradigm in developing polymer science and engineering.展开更多
Thermoelectric(TE)materials,being capable of converting waste heat into electricity,are pivotal for sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging TE materials,organic TE materials,particularly conjugated polymers,are ga...Thermoelectric(TE)materials,being capable of converting waste heat into electricity,are pivotal for sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging TE materials,organic TE materials,particularly conjugated polymers,are gaining prominence due to their unique combination of mechanical flexibility,environmental compatibility,and solution-processable fabrication.A notable candidate in this field is poly(2,5-bis(3-alkylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene)(PBTTT),a liquid-crystalline conjugated polymer,with high charge carrier mobility and adaptability to melt-processing techniques.Recent advancements have propelled PBTTT’s figure of merit from below 0.1 to a remarkable 1.28 at 368 K,showcasing its potential for practical applications.This review systematically examines strategies to enhance PBTTT’s TE performance through doping(solution,vapor,and anion exchange doping),composite engineering,and aggregation state controlling.Recent key breakthroughs include ion exchange doping for stable charge modulation,multi-heterojunction architectures reducing thermal conductivity,and proton-coupled electron transfer doping for precise Fermi-level tuning.Despite great progress,challenges still persist in enhancing TE conversion efficiency,balancing or decoupling electrical conductivity,Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity,and leveraging melt-processing scalability of PBTTT.By bridging fundamental insights with applied research,this work provides a roadmap for advancing PBTTT-based TE materials toward efficient energy harvesting and wearable electronics.展开更多
Graphite,encompassing both natural graphite and synthetic graphite,and graphene,have been extensively utilized and investigated as anode materials and additives in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In the pursuit of carbon ...Graphite,encompassing both natural graphite and synthetic graphite,and graphene,have been extensively utilized and investigated as anode materials and additives in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In the pursuit of carbon neutrality,LIBs are expected to play a pivotal role in reducing CO_(2)emissions by decreasing reliance on fossil fuels and enabling the integration of renewable energy sources.Owing to their technological maturity and exceptional electrochemical performance,the global production of graphite and graphene for LIBs is projected to continue expanding.Over the past decades,numerous researchers have concentrated on reducing the material and energy input whilst optimising the electrochemical performance of graphite and graphene,through novel synthesis methods and various modifications at the laboratory scale.This review provides a comprehensive examination of the manufacturing methods,environmental impact,research progress,and challenges associated with graphite and graphene in LIBs from an industrial perspective,with a particular focus on the carbon footprint of production processes.Additionally,it considers emerging challenges and future development directions of graphite and graphene,offering significant insights for ongoing and future research in the field of green LIBs.展开更多
With the miniaturization and high-frequency evolution of antennas in 5G/6G communications,aerospace,and transportation,polymer composite papers integrating superior wave-transparent performance and thermal conductivit...With the miniaturization and high-frequency evolution of antennas in 5G/6G communications,aerospace,and transportation,polymer composite papers integrating superior wave-transparent performance and thermal conductivity for radar antenna systems are urgently needed.Herein,a down-top strategy was employed to synthesize poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole)precursor nanofibers(prePNF).The prePNF was then uniformly mixed with fluorinated graphene(FG)to fabricate FG/PNF composite papers through consecutively suction filtration,hot-pressing,and thermal annealing.The hydroxyl and amino groups in prePNF enhanced the stability of FG/prePNF dispersion,while the increasedπ-πinteractions between PNF and FG after annealing improved their compatibility.The preparation time and cost of PNF paper was significantly reduced when applying this strategy,which enabled its large-scale production.Furthermore,the prepared FG/PNF composite papers exhibited excellent wave-transparent performance and thermal conductivity.When the mass fraction of FG was 40 wt%,the FG/PNF composite paper prepared via the down-top strategy achieved the wave-transparent coefficient(|T|2)of 96.3%under 10 GHz,in-plane thermal conductivity(λ_(∥))of 7.13 W m^(−1)K^(−1),and through-plane thermal conductivity(λ_(⊥))of 0.67 W m^(−1)K^(−1),outperforming FG/PNF composite paper prepared by the top-down strategy(|T|2=95.9%,λ_(∥)=5.52 W m^(−1)K^(−1),λ_(⊥)=0.52 W m^(−1)K^(−1))and pure PNF paper(|T|2=94.7%,λ_(∥)=3.04 W m^(−1)K^(−1),λ_(⊥)=0.24 W m^(−1)K^(−1)).Meanwhile,FG/PNF composite paper(with 40 wt%FG)through the down-top strategy also demonstrated outstanding mechanical properties with tensile strength and toughness reaching 197.4 MPa and 11.6 MJ m^(−3),respectively.展开更多
Improving device efficiency is fundamental for advancing energy harvesting technology,particularly in systems designed to convert light energy into electrical output.In our previous studies,we developed a basic struct...Improving device efficiency is fundamental for advancing energy harvesting technology,particularly in systems designed to convert light energy into electrical output.In our previous studies,we developed a basic structure light pressure electric generator(Basic-LPEG),which utilized a layered configuration of Ag/Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3)(PZT)/Pt/GaAs to generate electricity based on light-induced pressure on the PZT.In this study,we sought to enhance the performance of this Basic-LPEG by introducing Ag nanoparticles/graphene oxide(AgNPs/GO)composite units(NP-LPEG),creating upgraded harvesting device.Specifically,by depositing the AgNPs/GO units twice onto the Basic-LPEG,we observed an increase in output voltage and current from 241 mV and 3.1μA to 310 mV and 9.3μA,respectively,under a solar simulator.The increase in electrical output directly correlated with the intensity of the light pressure impacting the PZT,as well as matched the Raman measurements,finite-difference time-domain simulations,and COMSOL Multiphysics Simulation.Experimental data revealed that the enhancement in electrical output was proportional to the number of hot spots generated between Ag nanoparticles,where the electric field experienced substantial amplification.These results underline the effectiveness of AgNPs/GO units in boosting the light-induced electric generation capacity,thereby providing a promising pathway for high-efficiency energy harvesting devices.展开更多
Flash Joule heating(FJH),as a high-efficiency and low-energy consumption technology for advanced materials synthesis,has shown significant potential in the synthesis of graphene and other functional carbon materials.B...Flash Joule heating(FJH),as a high-efficiency and low-energy consumption technology for advanced materials synthesis,has shown significant potential in the synthesis of graphene and other functional carbon materials.Based on the Joule effect,the solid carbon sources can be rapidly heated to ultra-high temperatures(>3000 K)through instantaneous high-energy current pulses during FJH,thus driving the rapid rearrangement and graphitization of carbon atoms.This technology demonstrates numerous advantages,such as solvent-and catalyst-free features,high energy conversion efficiency,and a short process cycle.In this review,we have systematically summarized the technology principle and equipment design for FJH,as well as its raw materials selection and pretreatment strategies.The research progress in the FJH synthesis of flash graphene,carbon nanotubes,graphene fibers,and anode hard carbon,as well as its by-products,is also presented.FJH can precisely optimize the microstructures of carbon materials(e.g.,interlayer spacing of turbostratic graphene,defect concentration,and heteroatom doping)by regulating its operation parameters like flash voltage and flash time,thereby enhancing their performances in various applications,such as composite reinforcement,metal-ion battery electrodes,supercapacitors,and electrocatalysts.However,this technology is still challenged by low process yield,macroscopic material uniformity,and green power supply system construction.More research efforts are also required to promote the transition of FJH from laboratory to industrial-scale applications,thus providing innovative solutions for advanced carbon materials manufacturing and waste management toward carbon neutrality.展开更多
Bone regeneration for non-load-bearing defects remains a significant clinical challenge requiring advanced biomaterials and cellular strategies.Adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells(AD-MSCs)have garnered significant i...Bone regeneration for non-load-bearing defects remains a significant clinical challenge requiring advanced biomaterials and cellular strategies.Adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells(AD-MSCs)have garnered significant interest in bone tissue engineering(BTE)because of their abundant availability,minimally invasive harvesting procedures,and robust differentiation potential into osteogenic lineages.Unlike bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells,AD-MSCs can be easily obtained in large quantities,making them appealing alternatives for therapeutic applications.This review explores hydrogels containing polymers,such as chitosan,collagen,gelatin,and hyaluronic acid,and their composites,tailored for BTE,and emphasizes the importance of these hydrogels as scaffolds for the delivery of AD-MSCs.Various hydrogel fabrication techniques and biocompatibility assessments are discussed,along with innovative modifications to enhance osteogenesis.This review also briefly outlines AD-MSC isolation methods and advanced embedding techniques for precise cell placement,such as direct encapsulation and three-dimensional bioprinting.We discuss the mechanisms of bone regeneration in the AD-MSC-laden hydrogels,including osteoinduction,vascularization,and extracellular matrix remodeling.We also review the preclinical and clinical applications of AD-MSC-hydrogel systems,emphasizing their success and limitations.In this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of AD-MSC-based hydrogel systems to guide the development of effective therapies for bone regeneration.展开更多
Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)offer a promising solution for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries(ASSLMBs).However,conventional nanofillers with Lewis-acid-base surfaces make limited contribution to improving...Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)offer a promising solution for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries(ASSLMBs).However,conventional nanofillers with Lewis-acid-base surfaces make limited contribution to improving the overall performance of CPEs due to their difficulty in achieving robust electrochemical and mechanical interfaces simultaneously.Here,by regulating the surface charge characteristics of halloysite nanotube(HNT),we propose a concept of lithium-ion dynamic interface(Li^(+)-DI)engineering in nano-charged CPE(NCCPE).Results show that the surface charge characteristics of HNTs fundamentally change the Li^(+)-DI,and thereof the mechanical and ion-conduction behaviors of the NCCPEs.Particularly,the HNTs with positively charged surface(HNTs+)lead to a higher Li^(+)transference number(0.86)than that of HNTs-(0.73),but a lower toughness(102.13 MJ m^(-3)for HNTs+and 159.69 MJ m^(-3)for HNTs-).Meanwhile,a strong interface compatibilization effect by Li^(+)is observed for especially the HNTs+-involved Li^(+)-DI,which improves the toughness by 2000%compared with the control.Moreover,HNTs+are more effective to weaken the Li^(+)-solvation strength and facilitate the formation of Li F-rich solid-electrolyte interphase of Li metal compared to HNTs-.The resultant Li|NCCPE|LiFePO4cell delivers a capacity of 144.9 m Ah g^(-1)after 400 cycles at 0.5 C and a capacity retention of 78.6%.This study provides deep insights into understanding the roles of surface charges of nanofillers in regulating the mechanical and electrochemical interfaces in ASSLMBs.展开更多
Three-dimensional graphene/conducting polymer（3DGCP） composites have received significant attention in recent years due to their unique structures and promising applications in energy storage.With the structural div...Three-dimensional graphene/conducting polymer（3DGCP） composites have received significant attention in recent years due to their unique structures and promising applications in energy storage.With the structural diversity of graphene and π-functional conducting polymers via rich chemical routes,a number of 3DGCP composites with novel structures and attractive performance have been developed.Particularly,the hierarchical porosity,the interactions between graphene and conducting polymers as well as the their synergetic effects within 3DGCP composites can be well combined and elaborated by various synthetic methods,which made 3DGCP composites show unique electrochemical properties and significantly improved performance in energy storage fields compared to other graphenebased composites.In this short review,we present recent advances in 3DGCP composites in developing effective strategies to prepare 3DGCP composites and exploring them as a unique platform for supercapacitors with unprecedented performance.The challenges and future opportunities are also discussed for promotion of further study.展开更多
Graphene has attracted considerable interest over recent years due to its intrinsic mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Incorporation of small quantity of graphene fillers into polymer can create novel nano...Graphene has attracted considerable interest over recent years due to its intrinsic mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Incorporation of small quantity of graphene fillers into polymer can create novel nanocomposites with im- proved structural and functional properties. This review introduced the recent progress in fabrication, properties and potential applications of graphene-polymer composites. Recent research clearly confirmed that graphene-polymer na-nocomposites are promising materials with applications ranging from transportation, biomedical systems, sensors, elec-trodes for solar cells and electromagnetic interference. In addition to graphene-polymer nanocomposites, this article also introduced the synergistic effects of hybrid graphene-carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the properties of composites. Finally, some technical problems associated with the development of these nanocomposites are discussed.展开更多
A self-healing supramolecular polymer composite（HSP-GO） was designed and prepared via incorporation of modified graphene oxide to hyperbranched polymer by hydrogen-bonding interactions. The polymer matrix based on a...A self-healing supramolecular polymer composite（HSP-GO） was designed and prepared via incorporation of modified graphene oxide to hyperbranched polymer by hydrogen-bonding interactions. The polymer matrix based on amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer（HSP-NH_2） was synthesized by carboxylation, Curtius rearrangement, and amination of hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester（HP-OH）, while the modified graphene oxide was prepared by transformation of hydroxyl to isocyanate and further to carbamate ester. Spectroscopic methods were utilized to characterize the obtained polymer composites. Stress-strain test was selected to carefully study the self-healing property of HSP-GO. It is found that a small amount of modified graphene oxide（up to 2 wt%） improves the glass transition temperature（T_g）, tensile strength, Young＇s modulus, and self-healing efficiency of the polymer composites. After healed at room temperature for 10 min, the addition of modified graphene oxide improves the self-healing efficiency to 37% of its original tensile strength. The experiment result shows that the self-healing efficiency is related to the density of hydrogen bonding site and the molecular movement.展开更多
Nanocomposites enhanced with two-dimensional, layered graphene fillers are a new class of engineering materials that exhibit superior properties and characteristics to composites with conventional fillers.However, the...Nanocomposites enhanced with two-dimensional, layered graphene fillers are a new class of engineering materials that exhibit superior properties and characteristics to composites with conventional fillers.However, the roles of ＂interlayers＂ in layered graphene fillers have yet to be fully explored. This paper examines the effect of interlayers on mechanical properties of layered graphene polymer composites.As an effective filler, the fundamental properties（in-plane Young＇s modulus E（L1）, out-of-plane Young＇s modulus E（L2）; shear modulus G（L12）, major Poisson＇s ratio V（L12）） of the layered graphene were computed by using the Arridge＇s lamellar model. The effects of interlayers on effective moduli of layered graphene epoxy composites were examined through the Tandon-Weng model. The properties of the interlayer show noticeable impact on elastic properties of the composites, particular the out-of-plane properties（Young＇s modulus E2 and shear modulus G（12））. The interlayer spacing is seen to have much great influence on properties of the composites. As the interlayer spacing increases from 0.34 nm to 2 nm, all elastic properties of the composites have been greatly decreased.展开更多
An analytical approach is proposed to study the postbuckling of circular cylindrical shells subject to axial compression and lateral pressure made of functionally graded graphene platelet-reinforced polymer composite ...An analytical approach is proposed to study the postbuckling of circular cylindrical shells subject to axial compression and lateral pressure made of functionally graded graphene platelet-reinforced polymer composite (FG-GPL-RPC). The governing equations are obtained in the context of the classical Donnell shell theory by the von K′arm′an nonlinear relations. Then, based on the Ritz energy method, an analytical solution approach is used to trace the nonlinear postbuckling path of the shell. The effects of several parameters such as the weight fraction of the graphene platelet (GPL), the geometrical properties, and distribution patterns of the GPL on the postbuckling characteristics of the FG-GPL-RPC shell are analyzed.展开更多
We report an electrodeposited poly(pyrrole-co-pyrrolepropylic acid) copolymer modified electroactive graphene-carbon nanotubes composite deposited on a glassy carbon electrode to detect the protein antigen(cTnI). The ...We report an electrodeposited poly(pyrrole-co-pyrrolepropylic acid) copolymer modified electroactive graphene-carbon nanotubes composite deposited on a glassy carbon electrode to detect the protein antigen(cTnI). The copolymer provides pendant carboxyl groups for the site-specific covalent immobilization of protein antibody, antitroponin I. The hybrid nanocomposite was used as a transducer for biointerfacial impedance sensing for cTnI detection.The results show that the hybrid exhibits a pseudo capacitive behaviour with a maximum phase angle of 49° near 1 Hz,which is due to the inhomogeneous and porous structure of the hybrid composition. The constant phase element of copolymer is 0.61(n = 0.61), whereas, it is 0.88(n = 0.88) for the hybrid composites, indicating a comparatively homogeneous microstructure after biomolecular functionalization. The transducer shows a linear change in charge transfer characteristic(R_(et)) on cTnI immunoreaction for spiked human serum in the concentration range of 1.0 pg mL^(-1)–10.0 ng mL^(-1). The sensitivity of the transducer is 167.8 ± 14.2 Ω cm^2 per decade, and it also exhibits high specificity and good reproducibility.展开更多
Featuring exceptional mechanical and functional performance, MWCNTs and graphene(nano)platelets(GNPs or Gn Ps;each platelet below 10 nm in thickness) have been increasingly used for the development of polymer nanocomp...Featuring exceptional mechanical and functional performance, MWCNTs and graphene(nano)platelets(GNPs or Gn Ps;each platelet below 10 nm in thickness) have been increasingly used for the development of polymer nanocomposites. Since MWCNTs are now cost-effective at US$30 per kg for industrial applications, this work starts by briefly reviewing the disentanglement and surface modification of MWCNTs as well as the properties of the resulting polymer nanocomposites. GNPs can be made through the thermal treatment of graphite intercalation compounds followed by ultrasonication;GNPs would have lower cost yet higher electrical conductivity over 1,400 S cmthan MWCNTs. Through proper surface modification and compounding techniques, both types of fillers can reinforce or toughen polymers and simultaneously add anti-static performance. A high ratio of MWCNTs to GNPs would increase the synergy for polymers. Green, solvent-free systhesis methods are desired for polymer nanocomposites. Perspectives on the limitations, current challenges and future prospects are provided.展开更多
Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to explore the underlying synergistic mechanism of pillared graphene or non-covalent connected graphene and carbon nanotubes(CNTs) on the mechanical properties of pol...Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to explore the underlying synergistic mechanism of pillared graphene or non-covalent connected graphene and carbon nanotubes(CNTs) on the mechanical properties of polyethylene(PE) nanocomposites. By constructing the pillared graphene model and CNTs/graphene model, the effect of the structure, arrangement and dispersion of hybrid fillers on the tensile mechanical properties of PE nanocomposites was studied. The results show that the pillared graphene/PE nanocomposites exhibit higher Young’s modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break than non-covalent connected CNTs/graphene/PE nanocomposites. The pull-out simulations show that pillared graphene by CNTs has both large interfacial load and long displacement due to the mixed modes of shear separation and normal separation. Additionally, pillared graphene can not only inhibit agglomeration but also form a compact effective thickness(stiff layer), consistent with the adsorption behavior and improved interfacial energy between pillared graphene and PE matrix.展开更多
The addition of graphene oxide(GO)to cement paste significantly increases its toughness,however its fluidity is adversely affected.GO was first reacted with vinyltrimethoxysilane to produce a silane-modified graphene ...The addition of graphene oxide(GO)to cement paste significantly increases its toughness,however its fluidity is adversely affected.GO was first reacted with vinyltrimethoxysilane to produce a silane-modified graphene oxide(S-GO),which was then copolymerized with acrylic acid and a water reducing agent,isobutaenol polyoxyethylene ether(molecular mass 2400),to obtain a silane and copolymer-modified GO(P-S-GO)which acted as a water-reducing agent of the cement paste.A copolymer without GO was prepared under the same conditions for comparison.The structure,elemental composition and dispersibility of GO,S-GO and P-S-GO in a simulated cement environment(saturated lime water)were investigated by FTIR,XRD and a sedimentation test.The fluidity and rheology of the cement pastes with added GO,copolymer or P-S-GO were investigated.Results showed that vinyltrimethoxysilane reacted with the-OH group on the GO sheets to form an ether bond and the copolymer was grafted onto a vinyl group of S-GO by an addition reaction to produce the P-S-GO.The P-S-GO has a better dispersibility in saturated lime water with a negligible amount of aggregation compared to GO and a significant agglomeration occurs for GO.The addition of the P-S-GO to the cement pastes improves the fluidity and rheological properties compared with GO,offsetting the negative impact of GO and increasing the toughness of the resulting cements.展开更多
Molecular models of pristine, functionalized and cross-linked graphene sheet/polymer composites are developed. Temperature cooling processes are conducted to examine the improve-ment of glass transition temperature of...Molecular models of pristine, functionalized and cross-linked graphene sheet/polymer composites are developed. Temperature cooling processes are conducted to examine the improve-ment of glass transition temperature of cross-linked graphene sheet/polymer composites using molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that increases of about 12.2% and 8.9% in the glass transition temperature of cross-linked graphene sheet/polymer composites are obtained, respectively, than those of the pristine and functionalized graphene sheet/polymer composites. In order to reveal the enhanced thermal properties from atomic views, the interfacial interaction energy and radius distribution function between the graphene sheets and the polymer matrix, the mean square displacement variations and the free volume of polymer composites are examined and discussed.展开更多
基金The authors are grateful for the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52102055)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M681965)+6 种基金Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.ZDRW-CN-2019-3)the Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.XDC07030100,XDA22020602,KFZD-SW-409 and ZDKYYQ20200001)CAS Youth Innovation Promotion Association(No.2020301),Science and Technology Major Project of Ningbo(Nos.2018B10046 and 2016S1002)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo(No.2017A610010)Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Solid lubrication(No.LSL-1912)National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments(No.6142905192806)the K.C.Wong Education Foundation(No.GJTD-2019-13)。
文摘The integration and miniaturization of chips lead to inevitable overheating and increasing electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems, which threaten the performance, stability, and lifetime of electroniccomponents. Therefore, it is important to improve the heat dissipation and EMI shielding performancein device packaging for the steady operation of electronic products. In recent years, due to its intrinsic superior thermal conductivity, proper electrical conductivity, light-weight, and structural adjustability,graphene has been widely used as high thermal and conductive fillers incorporated in the polymer matrix to improve the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of composites. This review concludesthe recent development of graphene/polymer composites by using graphene as fillers to improve thethermal conductivity and EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE). The structure of graphene embedded inthe composites varies from zero-dimension (0D), one-dimension (1D) to two-dimensions (2D). Moreover,highly thermally and electrically conductive fillers with different dimensions were also modified on thegraphene to improve the composite performance. Finally, this review also makes prospects for the development trend of graphene/polymer composites with high thermal conductivity and EMI SE in the future.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.52233002 and 52103042)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.24NSFSC6554)the State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(No.sklpme2022-3-09).
文摘The quest for scalable integration of monolayer graphene into functional composites confronts the bottleneck of high-fidelity transfer onto substrates,crucial for unlocking graphene’s full potential in advanced applications.Addressing this,our research introduces the camphor-assisted transfer(CAT)method,a novel approach that surmounts common issues of residue and structural deformation endemic to existing techniques.Grounded in the sublimation dynamics of camphor,the CAT method achieves a clean,contiguous transfer of centimeter-scale monolayer graphene onto an array of polymer films,including ultra-thin polyethylene films.The resultant ultrathin graphene-polyethylene(gPE)films,characterized by their exceptional transparency and conductivity,reveal the CAT method’s unique ability to preserve the pristine quality of graphene,underscoring its practicality for preparing flexible transparent electrodes by monolayer graphene.In-depth mechanism investigation into the camphor sublimation during CAT has led to a pivotal realization:the porosity of the target polymer substrate is a determinant in achieving high-quality graphene transfer.Ensuring that camphor sublimates initially from the polymer side is crucial to prevent the formation of wrinkles or delamination of graphene.By extensive examination of CAT on a spectrum of commonly used polymer films,including PE,PP,PTFE,PI and PET,we have confirmed this important conclusion.This discovery offers crucial guidance for fabricating monolayer graphene-polymer composite films using methods akin to CAT,underscoring the significance of substrate selection in the transfer process.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52293472,22473096 and 22471164)。
文摘Among various architectures of polymers,end-group-free rings have attracted growing interests due to their distinct physicochemical performances over the linear counterparts which are exemplified by reduced hydrodynamic size and slower degradation.It is key to develop facile methods to large-scale synthesis of polymer rings with tunable compositions and microstructures.Recent progresses in large-scale synthesis of polymer rings against single-chain dynamic nanoparticles,and the example applications in synchronous enhancing toughness and strength of polymer nanocomposites are summarized.Once there is the breakthrough in rational design and effective large-scale synthesis of polymer rings and their functional derivatives,a family of cyclic functional hybrids would be available,thus providing a new paradigm in developing polymer science and engineering.
基金financial support by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2025A1515012415)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52242305)the Stable Support Project of Shenzhen(Project No.20231122125728001).
文摘Thermoelectric(TE)materials,being capable of converting waste heat into electricity,are pivotal for sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging TE materials,organic TE materials,particularly conjugated polymers,are gaining prominence due to their unique combination of mechanical flexibility,environmental compatibility,and solution-processable fabrication.A notable candidate in this field is poly(2,5-bis(3-alkylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene)(PBTTT),a liquid-crystalline conjugated polymer,with high charge carrier mobility and adaptability to melt-processing techniques.Recent advancements have propelled PBTTT’s figure of merit from below 0.1 to a remarkable 1.28 at 368 K,showcasing its potential for practical applications.This review systematically examines strategies to enhance PBTTT’s TE performance through doping(solution,vapor,and anion exchange doping),composite engineering,and aggregation state controlling.Recent key breakthroughs include ion exchange doping for stable charge modulation,multi-heterojunction architectures reducing thermal conductivity,and proton-coupled electron transfer doping for precise Fermi-level tuning.Despite great progress,challenges still persist in enhancing TE conversion efficiency,balancing or decoupling electrical conductivity,Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity,and leveraging melt-processing scalability of PBTTT.By bridging fundamental insights with applied research,this work provides a roadmap for advancing PBTTT-based TE materials toward efficient energy harvesting and wearable electronics.
基金supported by European Union's Horizon Europe,UK Research and Innovation(UKRI).
文摘Graphite,encompassing both natural graphite and synthetic graphite,and graphene,have been extensively utilized and investigated as anode materials and additives in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In the pursuit of carbon neutrality,LIBs are expected to play a pivotal role in reducing CO_(2)emissions by decreasing reliance on fossil fuels and enabling the integration of renewable energy sources.Owing to their technological maturity and exceptional electrochemical performance,the global production of graphite and graphene for LIBs is projected to continue expanding.Over the past decades,numerous researchers have concentrated on reducing the material and energy input whilst optimising the electrochemical performance of graphite and graphene,through novel synthesis methods and various modifications at the laboratory scale.This review provides a comprehensive examination of the manufacturing methods,environmental impact,research progress,and challenges associated with graphite and graphene in LIBs from an industrial perspective,with a particular focus on the carbon footprint of production processes.Additionally,it considers emerging challenges and future development directions of graphite and graphene,offering significant insights for ongoing and future research in the field of green LIBs.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52473083,52373089,52403085)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(2024JC-TBZC-04)+2 种基金the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(2024RS-CXTD-57)Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2024JC-YBMS-279)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(2023NSCQMSX2547)
文摘With the miniaturization and high-frequency evolution of antennas in 5G/6G communications,aerospace,and transportation,polymer composite papers integrating superior wave-transparent performance and thermal conductivity for radar antenna systems are urgently needed.Herein,a down-top strategy was employed to synthesize poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole)precursor nanofibers(prePNF).The prePNF was then uniformly mixed with fluorinated graphene(FG)to fabricate FG/PNF composite papers through consecutively suction filtration,hot-pressing,and thermal annealing.The hydroxyl and amino groups in prePNF enhanced the stability of FG/prePNF dispersion,while the increasedπ-πinteractions between PNF and FG after annealing improved their compatibility.The preparation time and cost of PNF paper was significantly reduced when applying this strategy,which enabled its large-scale production.Furthermore,the prepared FG/PNF composite papers exhibited excellent wave-transparent performance and thermal conductivity.When the mass fraction of FG was 40 wt%,the FG/PNF composite paper prepared via the down-top strategy achieved the wave-transparent coefficient(|T|2)of 96.3%under 10 GHz,in-plane thermal conductivity(λ_(∥))of 7.13 W m^(−1)K^(−1),and through-plane thermal conductivity(λ_(⊥))of 0.67 W m^(−1)K^(−1),outperforming FG/PNF composite paper prepared by the top-down strategy(|T|2=95.9%,λ_(∥)=5.52 W m^(−1)K^(−1),λ_(⊥)=0.52 W m^(−1)K^(−1))and pure PNF paper(|T|2=94.7%,λ_(∥)=3.04 W m^(−1)K^(−1),λ_(⊥)=0.24 W m^(−1)K^(−1)).Meanwhile,FG/PNF composite paper(with 40 wt%FG)through the down-top strategy also demonstrated outstanding mechanical properties with tensile strength and toughness reaching 197.4 MPa and 11.6 MJ m^(−3),respectively.
基金supported by Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology(KEIT)grant funded by the Korea Government(MOTIE)(RS-2022-00154720,Technology Innovation Program Development of next-generation power semiconductor based on Si-on-SiC structure)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)by the Korea government(RS-2023-NR076826)Global-Learning&Academic Research Institution for Master's·PhD students,and Postdocs(LAMP)Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)by the Ministry of Education(No.RS-2024-00443714).
文摘Improving device efficiency is fundamental for advancing energy harvesting technology,particularly in systems designed to convert light energy into electrical output.In our previous studies,we developed a basic structure light pressure electric generator(Basic-LPEG),which utilized a layered configuration of Ag/Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3)(PZT)/Pt/GaAs to generate electricity based on light-induced pressure on the PZT.In this study,we sought to enhance the performance of this Basic-LPEG by introducing Ag nanoparticles/graphene oxide(AgNPs/GO)composite units(NP-LPEG),creating upgraded harvesting device.Specifically,by depositing the AgNPs/GO units twice onto the Basic-LPEG,we observed an increase in output voltage and current from 241 mV and 3.1μA to 310 mV and 9.3μA,respectively,under a solar simulator.The increase in electrical output directly correlated with the intensity of the light pressure impacting the PZT,as well as matched the Raman measurements,finite-difference time-domain simulations,and COMSOL Multiphysics Simulation.Experimental data revealed that the enhancement in electrical output was proportional to the number of hot spots generated between Ag nanoparticles,where the electric field experienced substantial amplification.These results underline the effectiveness of AgNPs/GO units in boosting the light-induced electric generation capacity,thereby providing a promising pathway for high-efficiency energy harvesting devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52276196)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion(FSKLCCA2508)the High-level Talent Foundation of Anhui Agricultural University(rc412307).
文摘Flash Joule heating(FJH),as a high-efficiency and low-energy consumption technology for advanced materials synthesis,has shown significant potential in the synthesis of graphene and other functional carbon materials.Based on the Joule effect,the solid carbon sources can be rapidly heated to ultra-high temperatures(>3000 K)through instantaneous high-energy current pulses during FJH,thus driving the rapid rearrangement and graphitization of carbon atoms.This technology demonstrates numerous advantages,such as solvent-and catalyst-free features,high energy conversion efficiency,and a short process cycle.In this review,we have systematically summarized the technology principle and equipment design for FJH,as well as its raw materials selection and pretreatment strategies.The research progress in the FJH synthesis of flash graphene,carbon nanotubes,graphene fibers,and anode hard carbon,as well as its by-products,is also presented.FJH can precisely optimize the microstructures of carbon materials(e.g.,interlayer spacing of turbostratic graphene,defect concentration,and heteroatom doping)by regulating its operation parameters like flash voltage and flash time,thereby enhancing their performances in various applications,such as composite reinforcement,metal-ion battery electrodes,supercapacitors,and electrocatalysts.However,this technology is still challenged by low process yield,macroscopic material uniformity,and green power supply system construction.More research efforts are also required to promote the transition of FJH from laboratory to industrial-scale applications,thus providing innovative solutions for advanced carbon materials manufacturing and waste management toward carbon neutrality.
文摘Bone regeneration for non-load-bearing defects remains a significant clinical challenge requiring advanced biomaterials and cellular strategies.Adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells(AD-MSCs)have garnered significant interest in bone tissue engineering(BTE)because of their abundant availability,minimally invasive harvesting procedures,and robust differentiation potential into osteogenic lineages.Unlike bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells,AD-MSCs can be easily obtained in large quantities,making them appealing alternatives for therapeutic applications.This review explores hydrogels containing polymers,such as chitosan,collagen,gelatin,and hyaluronic acid,and their composites,tailored for BTE,and emphasizes the importance of these hydrogels as scaffolds for the delivery of AD-MSCs.Various hydrogel fabrication techniques and biocompatibility assessments are discussed,along with innovative modifications to enhance osteogenesis.This review also briefly outlines AD-MSC isolation methods and advanced embedding techniques for precise cell placement,such as direct encapsulation and three-dimensional bioprinting.We discuss the mechanisms of bone regeneration in the AD-MSC-laden hydrogels,including osteoinduction,vascularization,and extracellular matrix remodeling.We also review the preclinical and clinical applications of AD-MSC-hydrogel systems,emphasizing their success and limitations.In this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of AD-MSC-based hydrogel systems to guide the development of effective therapies for bone regeneration.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203123 and 52473248)State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(sklpme2024-2-04)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiessponsored by the Double First-Class Construction Funds of Sichuan University。
文摘Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)offer a promising solution for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries(ASSLMBs).However,conventional nanofillers with Lewis-acid-base surfaces make limited contribution to improving the overall performance of CPEs due to their difficulty in achieving robust electrochemical and mechanical interfaces simultaneously.Here,by regulating the surface charge characteristics of halloysite nanotube(HNT),we propose a concept of lithium-ion dynamic interface(Li^(+)-DI)engineering in nano-charged CPE(NCCPE).Results show that the surface charge characteristics of HNTs fundamentally change the Li^(+)-DI,and thereof the mechanical and ion-conduction behaviors of the NCCPEs.Particularly,the HNTs with positively charged surface(HNTs+)lead to a higher Li^(+)transference number(0.86)than that of HNTs-(0.73),but a lower toughness(102.13 MJ m^(-3)for HNTs+and 159.69 MJ m^(-3)for HNTs-).Meanwhile,a strong interface compatibilization effect by Li^(+)is observed for especially the HNTs+-involved Li^(+)-DI,which improves the toughness by 2000%compared with the control.Moreover,HNTs+are more effective to weaken the Li^(+)-solvation strength and facilitate the formation of Li F-rich solid-electrolyte interphase of Li metal compared to HNTs-.The resultant Li|NCCPE|LiFePO4cell delivers a capacity of 144.9 m Ah g^(-1)after 400 cycles at 0.5 C and a capacity retention of 78.6%.This study provides deep insights into understanding the roles of surface charges of nanofillers in regulating the mechanical and electrochemical interfaces in ASSLMBs.
基金supported by The Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning(No.TP2015002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51403099)
文摘Three-dimensional graphene/conducting polymer（3DGCP） composites have received significant attention in recent years due to their unique structures and promising applications in energy storage.With the structural diversity of graphene and π-functional conducting polymers via rich chemical routes,a number of 3DGCP composites with novel structures and attractive performance have been developed.Particularly,the hierarchical porosity,the interactions between graphene and conducting polymers as well as the their synergetic effects within 3DGCP composites can be well combined and elaborated by various synthetic methods,which made 3DGCP composites show unique electrochemical properties and significantly improved performance in energy storage fields compared to other graphenebased composites.In this short review,we present recent advances in 3DGCP composites in developing effective strategies to prepare 3DGCP composites and exploring them as a unique platform for supercapacitors with unprecedented performance.The challenges and future opportunities are also discussed for promotion of further study.
文摘Graphene has attracted considerable interest over recent years due to its intrinsic mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Incorporation of small quantity of graphene fillers into polymer can create novel nanocomposites with im- proved structural and functional properties. This review introduced the recent progress in fabrication, properties and potential applications of graphene-polymer composites. Recent research clearly confirmed that graphene-polymer na-nocomposites are promising materials with applications ranging from transportation, biomedical systems, sensors, elec-trodes for solar cells and electromagnetic interference. In addition to graphene-polymer nanocomposites, this article also introduced the synergistic effects of hybrid graphene-carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the properties of composites. Finally, some technical problems associated with the development of these nanocomposites are discussed.
文摘A self-healing supramolecular polymer composite（HSP-GO） was designed and prepared via incorporation of modified graphene oxide to hyperbranched polymer by hydrogen-bonding interactions. The polymer matrix based on amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer（HSP-NH_2） was synthesized by carboxylation, Curtius rearrangement, and amination of hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester（HP-OH）, while the modified graphene oxide was prepared by transformation of hydroxyl to isocyanate and further to carbamate ester. Spectroscopic methods were utilized to characterize the obtained polymer composites. Stress-strain test was selected to carefully study the self-healing property of HSP-GO. It is found that a small amount of modified graphene oxide（up to 2 wt%） improves the glass transition temperature（T_g）, tensile strength, Young＇s modulus, and self-healing efficiency of the polymer composites. After healed at room temperature for 10 min, the addition of modified graphene oxide improves the self-healing efficiency to 37% of its original tensile strength. The experiment result shows that the self-healing efficiency is related to the density of hydrogen bonding site and the molecular movement.
基金supported by NASA Kentucky under NASA award No.:NNX15AR69H
文摘Nanocomposites enhanced with two-dimensional, layered graphene fillers are a new class of engineering materials that exhibit superior properties and characteristics to composites with conventional fillers.However, the roles of ＂interlayers＂ in layered graphene fillers have yet to be fully explored. This paper examines the effect of interlayers on mechanical properties of layered graphene polymer composites.As an effective filler, the fundamental properties（in-plane Young＇s modulus E（L1）, out-of-plane Young＇s modulus E（L2）; shear modulus G（L12）, major Poisson＇s ratio V（L12）） of the layered graphene were computed by using the Arridge＇s lamellar model. The effects of interlayers on effective moduli of layered graphene epoxy composites were examined through the Tandon-Weng model. The properties of the interlayer show noticeable impact on elastic properties of the composites, particular the out-of-plane properties（Young＇s modulus E2 and shear modulus G（12））. The interlayer spacing is seen to have much great influence on properties of the composites. As the interlayer spacing increases from 0.34 nm to 2 nm, all elastic properties of the composites have been greatly decreased.
文摘An analytical approach is proposed to study the postbuckling of circular cylindrical shells subject to axial compression and lateral pressure made of functionally graded graphene platelet-reinforced polymer composite (FG-GPL-RPC). The governing equations are obtained in the context of the classical Donnell shell theory by the von K′arm′an nonlinear relations. Then, based on the Ritz energy method, an analytical solution approach is used to trace the nonlinear postbuckling path of the shell. The effects of several parameters such as the weight fraction of the graphene platelet (GPL), the geometrical properties, and distribution patterns of the GPL on the postbuckling characteristics of the FG-GPL-RPC shell are analyzed.
文摘We report an electrodeposited poly(pyrrole-co-pyrrolepropylic acid) copolymer modified electroactive graphene-carbon nanotubes composite deposited on a glassy carbon electrode to detect the protein antigen(cTnI). The copolymer provides pendant carboxyl groups for the site-specific covalent immobilization of protein antibody, antitroponin I. The hybrid nanocomposite was used as a transducer for biointerfacial impedance sensing for cTnI detection.The results show that the hybrid exhibits a pseudo capacitive behaviour with a maximum phase angle of 49° near 1 Hz,which is due to the inhomogeneous and porous structure of the hybrid composition. The constant phase element of copolymer is 0.61(n = 0.61), whereas, it is 0.88(n = 0.88) for the hybrid composites, indicating a comparatively homogeneous microstructure after biomolecular functionalization. The transducer shows a linear change in charge transfer characteristic(R_(et)) on cTnI immunoreaction for spiked human serum in the concentration range of 1.0 pg mL^(-1)–10.0 ng mL^(-1). The sensitivity of the transducer is 167.8 ± 14.2 Ω cm^2 per decade, and it also exhibits high specificity and good reproducibility.
基金financial support by the Australian Research Council (LP180100005 & DP200101737)。
文摘Featuring exceptional mechanical and functional performance, MWCNTs and graphene(nano)platelets(GNPs or Gn Ps;each platelet below 10 nm in thickness) have been increasingly used for the development of polymer nanocomposites. Since MWCNTs are now cost-effective at US$30 per kg for industrial applications, this work starts by briefly reviewing the disentanglement and surface modification of MWCNTs as well as the properties of the resulting polymer nanocomposites. GNPs can be made through the thermal treatment of graphite intercalation compounds followed by ultrasonication;GNPs would have lower cost yet higher electrical conductivity over 1,400 S cmthan MWCNTs. Through proper surface modification and compounding techniques, both types of fillers can reinforce or toughen polymers and simultaneously add anti-static performance. A high ratio of MWCNTs to GNPs would increase the synergy for polymers. Green, solvent-free systhesis methods are desired for polymer nanocomposites. Perspectives on the limitations, current challenges and future prospects are provided.
基金the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant no. 2020YFA0711800)National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 11802027, 51973033)+2 种基金State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology (grant no. YPJH20-6, QNKT20-01, JCRC18-01)BITBRFFR Joint Research Program (BITBLR2020018)Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund。
文摘Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to explore the underlying synergistic mechanism of pillared graphene or non-covalent connected graphene and carbon nanotubes(CNTs) on the mechanical properties of polyethylene(PE) nanocomposites. By constructing the pillared graphene model and CNTs/graphene model, the effect of the structure, arrangement and dispersion of hybrid fillers on the tensile mechanical properties of PE nanocomposites was studied. The results show that the pillared graphene/PE nanocomposites exhibit higher Young’s modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break than non-covalent connected CNTs/graphene/PE nanocomposites. The pull-out simulations show that pillared graphene by CNTs has both large interfacial load and long displacement due to the mixed modes of shear separation and normal separation. Additionally, pillared graphene can not only inhibit agglomeration but also form a compact effective thickness(stiff layer), consistent with the adsorption behavior and improved interfacial energy between pillared graphene and PE matrix.
文摘The addition of graphene oxide(GO)to cement paste significantly increases its toughness,however its fluidity is adversely affected.GO was first reacted with vinyltrimethoxysilane to produce a silane-modified graphene oxide(S-GO),which was then copolymerized with acrylic acid and a water reducing agent,isobutaenol polyoxyethylene ether(molecular mass 2400),to obtain a silane and copolymer-modified GO(P-S-GO)which acted as a water-reducing agent of the cement paste.A copolymer without GO was prepared under the same conditions for comparison.The structure,elemental composition and dispersibility of GO,S-GO and P-S-GO in a simulated cement environment(saturated lime water)were investigated by FTIR,XRD and a sedimentation test.The fluidity and rheology of the cement pastes with added GO,copolymer or P-S-GO were investigated.Results showed that vinyltrimethoxysilane reacted with the-OH group on the GO sheets to form an ether bond and the copolymer was grafted onto a vinyl group of S-GO by an addition reaction to produce the P-S-GO.The P-S-GO has a better dispersibility in saturated lime water with a negligible amount of aggregation compared to GO and a significant agglomeration occurs for GO.The addition of the P-S-GO to the cement pastes improves the fluidity and rheological properties compared with GO,offsetting the negative impact of GO and increasing the toughness of the resulting cements.
文摘Molecular models of pristine, functionalized and cross-linked graphene sheet/polymer composites are developed. Temperature cooling processes are conducted to examine the improve-ment of glass transition temperature of cross-linked graphene sheet/polymer composites using molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that increases of about 12.2% and 8.9% in the glass transition temperature of cross-linked graphene sheet/polymer composites are obtained, respectively, than those of the pristine and functionalized graphene sheet/polymer composites. In order to reveal the enhanced thermal properties from atomic views, the interfacial interaction energy and radius distribution function between the graphene sheets and the polymer matrix, the mean square displacement variations and the free volume of polymer composites are examined and discussed.
