This work proposes a novel horizontal high-shear granulator for iron ore granulation before sintering process.The granulation behavior such as growth process and structure of granules were firstly analyzed,followed by...This work proposes a novel horizontal high-shear granulator for iron ore granulation before sintering process.The granulation behavior such as growth process and structure of granules were firstly analyzed,followed by the effects of operation conditions such as water content,initial particle size distribution,and the concentrate ratio.The results show that the granule size increased significantly with increasing the granulation time,and the structure of granule can be divided into three types:non-nuclei,single-nuclei,and multi-nuclei.Water promotes the coalescence and growth of particles,and a better granulation performance was obtained at the water content of 8.8wt%under the current raw material conditions.Increasing the nuclei particle ratio led to an increase in average size of granules and permeability of the granules bed,but a decrease in growth index.Besides,with increasing of concentrate ratio,granulation performance such as granule size,bed permeability,and uniformity became worse.展开更多
Pan granulators are widely used in granulation processes;however,the relationship between particle dynamics within the equipment and the underlying agglomeration mechanisms remains not fully understood.To address this...Pan granulators are widely used in granulation processes;however,the relationship between particle dynamics within the equipment and the underlying agglomeration mechanisms remains not fully understood.To address this,the present study conducted numerical simulations using the Discrete Element Method(DEM)with cohesive contact force models.Various models were evaluated and compared with experimental data to determine the one that best represented the behavior of the granular bed.The selected model,which incorporates the Easo capillarity model for particle-particle interactions and the SJKR adhesion model for particle-wall interactions,yielded satisfactory results.The numerical findings highlighted significant changes in granular flow dynamics when cohesive forces were taken into account.Additionally,the influence of cohesive forces and rotational speeds on residence time distributions(RTD)was analyzed,revealing the presence of a short-circuit effect in all cohesive granular beds.Finally,a new methodology was developed to quantify particle agglomeration.Larger and more numerous agglomerates were observed when the pan granulator operated in rolling or cascading regimes,conditions that were associated with longer residence times and an increased number of particle contacts.展开更多
The high protein and phospholipid content of yolk granules,which are naturally occurring lipoprotein complexes,coupled with a low cholesterol level.The development and utilization of yolk granules require a detailed i...The high protein and phospholipid content of yolk granules,which are naturally occurring lipoprotein complexes,coupled with a low cholesterol level.The development and utilization of yolk granules require a detailed investigation of their nutritional composition and characteristics.This study aimed to analyze the differences in nutrient composition among yolk granules from different poultry(chicken,duck,and quail)by evaluating nutrient content,microstructure,and physicochemical properties,accompanying lipidomics techniques.The findings revealed that the water,total lipid,and ash contents of duck yolk granules(DYG)were significantly lower than those of chicken yolk granules(CYG)and quail yolk granules(QYG),while the average particle size of DYG was significantly higher than that of CYG and QYG.A total of 1146 lipids molecules were identified through lipidome analysis,with glycerophospholipids(520)being the most abundant lipid class.The contents of sphingolipids content were highest in CYG,while the contents of glycerophospholipids,glycerides and fatty acyls were higher in QYG.QYG possesses a greaterω-3 andω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids content.Furthermore,34,19,and 51 lipid biomarker candidates were identified in CYG/DYG,CYG/QYG,and DYG/QYG,respectively.This study offers valuable insights into the nutritional properties of yolk granules from different poultry eggs.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Jinlida granules(津力达颗粒,JLD)on body weight,glucose tolerance,intestinal inflammation and barrier function in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese rats and explore the regulation...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Jinlida granules(津力达颗粒,JLD)on body weight,glucose tolerance,intestinal inflammation and barrier function in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese rats and explore the regulation of the gut microbiota as a potential treatment mechanism.METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control,HFD,low-dose JLD(L-JLD),high-dose JLD(HJLD),and sitagliptin groups.The rats,with the exception of those in the control group,were fed a HFD to establish an obesity model while simultaneously receiving 0.5%carboxymethyl cellulose,L-JLD,H-JLD or sitagliptin for 25 weeks.We assessed body weight,conducted oral glucose tolerance tests,and analysed faecal samples using metagenomic sequencing.Haematoxylin-eosin(HE),Masson and immunohistochemical(IHC)staining were employed to evaluate histological changes in the colon tissue.Immunofluorescence(IF)staining was used to measure the expression levels of Zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and Claudin-1 in colon tissue.The colon tissue was also subjected to transcriptomic evaluation.RESULTS:JLD treatment significantly reduced body weight and enhanced glucose tolerance in obese rats.It alleviated colonic tissue damage,decreased collagen deposition,inhibited macrophage infiltration,and increased the expression of the tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Claudin-1.Metagenomic analysis revealed JLDinduced shifts in the gut microbiota composition(increasing the abundance of Turicibacter,Faecalibaculum,Coriobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus reuteri),enriching beneficial bacteria and metabolic pathways(increasing the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites,ascorbate and aldarate metabolism,oxidative phosphorylation,C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism and beta-alanine metabolism).Transcriptomic analysis revealed downregulation of inflammatory and immune pathways(inhibition of the tumour necrosis factor signalling pathway,advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products signalling pathway,toll-like receptor signalling pathway,and interleukin-17 signalling pathway),suggesting a comprehensive modulatory effect of JLD on intestinal health and metabolic function.CONCLUSIONS:JLD granules effectively improve glucose tolerance and ameliorate obesity-related intestinal dysfunctions in HFD-induced obese rats.These benefits are likely mediated through the modulation of the gut microbiota,the suppression of intestinal inflammation,the enhancement of barrier function,and the attenuation of proinflammatory pathways.Our findings offer novel insights into the therapeutic potential of JLD,emphasizing its role in integrating gut microbiota management into the treatment of metabolic disorders.展开更多
Barren paddy fields characterized by poor soil structure,shallow tillage layers and low organic carbon content are a common limitation to rice production in subtropical China.As a novel approach to soil improvement,gr...Barren paddy fields characterized by poor soil structure,shallow tillage layers and low organic carbon content are a common limitation to rice production in subtropical China.As a novel approach to soil improvement,granulated organic amendments offer significant potential.Previous studies have shown that granulated straw can improve soil physicochemical properties and rapidly increase the soil organic carbon(SOC)content.However,their effects on barren paddies remain underexplored.This study evaluated four soil amendment strategies:no organic amendments(CK),10 t ha^(–1)of composted manure(M10),20 t ha^(–1)of granulated organic amendment(G20),and 40 t ha^(–1)of granulated organic amendment(G40).The objective was to assess the effects of these amendments on soil structure,the contents of aggregate-associated carbon(AAC),particulate organic carbon(POC)and mineral-associated organic carbon(MAOC),and the chemical stability of MAOC among various size aggregates in both topsoil(0–20 cm)and subsoil(20–40 cm).The results demonstrated that organic amendment inputs significantly increased the macroaggregate(>250μm)proportion and improved soil structural stability.These amendments also elevated the carbon concentration within aggregates of various sizes and facilitated the redistribution of organic carbon from microaggregates(53–250μm)and silt+clay fractions(<53μm)to macroaggregates.The proportion of POC to AAC declined with decreasing aggregate size,whereas the proportion of MAOC increased.In the topsoil,macroaggregate formation enhanced the protection of POC,supported the accumulation of non-hydrolyzable carbon within MAOC,and accelerated the formation of intra-microaggregates.In the subsoil,mineral-bound organic carbon remained the dominant form of carbon sequestration.In conclusion,the application of 40 t ha^(–1)of granulated organic amendment proved to be a successful tactic for enhancing soil physicochemical structure,increasing SOC content,and improving carbon stability.This approach offers a promising and innovative solution for the sustainable management and restoration of barren paddy fields.展开更多
The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is a plastic structure that displays modifications at different levels in response to positive stimuli as well as to negative conditions such as brain damage.The latter involves gl...The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is a plastic structure that displays modifications at different levels in response to positive stimuli as well as to negative conditions such as brain damage.The latter involves global alterations,making understanding plastic responses triggered by local damage difficult.One key feature of the dentate gyrus is that it contains a well-defined neurogenic niche,the subgranular zone,and beyond neurogenesis,newly born granule cells may maintain a“young”phenotype throughout life,adding to the plastic nature of the structure.Here,we present a novel experimental model of local brain damage in organotypic entorhino-hippocampal cultures that results in the activation of adjacent newly born granule cells.A small piece of filter paper was placed on the surface of the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus,which evoked a foreign body reaction of astrocytes,along with the activation of local young neurons expressing doublecortin.Forty-eight hours after foreign body placement,the number of doublecortin-immunoreactive cells increased in the subgranular zone in the direct vicinity of the foreign body,whereas overall increased doublecortin immunoreactivity was observed in the granule cell layer and molecular layer of the dentate gyrus.Foreign body placement in the pyramidal layer of the CA1 region evoked a comparable local astroglial reaction but did not lead to an increase in doublecortin-immunoreactive in either the CA1 region or the adjacent dentate gyrus.Seven days after foreign body placement in the dentate gyrus,the increase in doublecortin-immunoreactivity was no longer observed,indicating the transient activation of young cells.However,7 days after foreign body placement,the number of doublecortin-immunoreactive granule cells coimmunoreactive for calbindin was lower than that under the control conditions.As calbindin is a marker for mature granule cells,this result suggests that activated young cells remain at a more immature stage following foreign body placement.Live imaging of retrovirally green fluorescent protein-labeled newly born granule cells revealed the orientation and growth of their dendrites toward the foreign body placement.This novel experimental model of foreign body placement in organotypic entorhino-hippocampal cultures could serve as a valuable tool for studying both glial reactivity and neuronal plasticity,specifically of newly born neurons under controlled in vitro conditions.展开更多
Rapidly improving infertile croplands and enhancing their soil organic carbon(SOC)pool necessitate substantial organic materials incorporation.Converting loose crop straw into granulated form facilitates uniform incor...Rapidly improving infertile croplands and enhancing their soil organic carbon(SOC)pool necessitate substantial organic materials incorporation.Converting loose crop straw into granulated form facilitates uniform incorporation within the plough soil layer.As an innovative soil amelioration approach,the efficiency and patterns of SOC accumulation remain unclear.Two field experiments were conducted in infertile subtropical upland and paddy soils with 0,30,60,and 90 Mg ha^(-1)granulated straw incorporation.After one year,SOC accumulation efficiency from straw input remained stable in upland(30.8–37.5%)with increasing amounts of straw incorporation,while declined from 60.0 to 38.3%in paddy.In both croplands,the contributions of lignin phenols to SOC increased with increasing straw incorporation,while the contributions from amino sugars remained constant at higher straw input levels.Subsequently,the ratios of lignin phenols to amino sugars increased with increasing straw incorporation,indicating faster plant residue accumulation compared to microbial necromass,as the granulation approach limited microbial involvement in straw transformation.Thus,single-time incorporation of substantial granulated straw presents an effective agricultural strategy for rapid amelioration of infertile croplands.展开更多
Stress granules are membraneless organelles that serve as a protective cellular response to external stressors by sequestering non-translating messenger RNAs(mRNAs)and regulating protein synthesis.Stress granules form...Stress granules are membraneless organelles that serve as a protective cellular response to external stressors by sequestering non-translating messenger RNAs(mRNAs)and regulating protein synthesis.Stress granules formation mechanism is conserved across species,from yeast to mammals,and they play a critical role in minimizing cellular damage during stress.Composed of heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein complexes,stress granules are enriched not only in mRNAs but also in noncoding RNAs and various proteins,including translation initiation factors and RNA-binding proteins.Genetic mutations affecting stress granule assembly and disassembly can lead to abnormal stress granule accumulation,contributing to the progression of several diseases.Recent research indicates that stress granule dynamics are pivotal in determining their physiological and pathological functions,with acute stress granule formation offering protection and chronic stress granule accumulation being detrimental.This review focuses on the multifaceted roles of stress granules under diverse physiological conditions,such as regulation of mRNA transport,mRNA translation,apoptosis,germ cell development,phase separation processes that govern stress granule formation,and their emerging implications in pathophysiological scenarios,such as viral infections,cancer,neurodevelopmental disorders,neurodegeneration,and neuronal trauma.展开更多
The adult subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone in the hippocampal dentate gyrus(DG)are the two brain regions where neurogenesis occurs throughout life in the adult mammalian brain(Min...The adult subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone in the hippocampal dentate gyrus(DG)are the two brain regions where neurogenesis occurs throughout life in the adult mammalian brain(Ming and Song,2011).Adult quiescent hippocampal neural stem cells(NSCs)are bona fide stem cells and,when activated,give rise to newborn granule neurons in the adult brain,which play vital roles in learning,memory,mood,and affective cognition(Bonaguidi et al.,2011;Ming and Song,2011).展开更多
This study focuses on the characterisation of strength, density, and size of granules produced in various scales of a high shear granulator. Calcium carbonate （Durca165） was used as the feed powder and aqueous polye...This study focuses on the characterisation of strength, density, and size of granules produced in various scales of a high shear granulator. Calcium carbonate （Durca165） was used as the feed powder and aqueous polyethylene glycol （PEG 4000） as the binder. The dried granules were analysed for their strength, density, size distribution, and wall make-up. Granules were produced in granulators with four scales, 1, 5, 50, and 250 L under three scale-up rules of constant tip speed, constant shear stress, and constant Froude number. The results show that regardless of equipment scale, increasing the impeller speed has a great effect on crushing strength and stress. The underlying cause is an increase in granule density due to more consolidation at higher impeller speeds. Wall make-up is significantly reduced to less than 5% as the scale is increased from 1 to 250 L. The results of this study corroborate our previous findings that the constant tip speed rule is the best criterion for scale-up of high shear granulators.展开更多
During twin screw granulation(TSG),small particles,which generally have irregular shapes,agglomerate together to form larger granules with improved properties.However,how particle shape impacts the conveying character...During twin screw granulation(TSG),small particles,which generally have irregular shapes,agglomerate together to form larger granules with improved properties.However,how particle shape impacts the conveying characteristics during TSG is not explored nor well understood.In this study,a graphic processor units(GPUs)enhanced discrete element method(DEM)is adopted to examine the effect of particle shape on the conveying characteristics in a full scale twin screw granulator for the first time.It is found that TSG with spherical particles has the smallest particle retention number,mean residence time,and power consumption;while for TSG with hexagonal prism(Hexp)shaped particles the largest particle retention number is obtained,and TSG with cubic particles requires the highest power consumption.Furthermore,spherical particles exhibit a flow pattern closer to an ideal plug flow,while cubic particles present a flow pattern approaching a perfect mixing.It is demonstrated that the GPU-enhanced DEM is capable of simulating the complex TSG process in a full-scale twin screw granulator with non-spherical particles.展开更多
High-shear granulation is widely used in many particulate industries for its good capability to improve the size,strength and composition uniformity of powder substances.This work conducted an experimental study to in...High-shear granulation is widely used in many particulate industries for its good capability to improve the size,strength and composition uniformity of powder substances.This work conducted an experimental study to investigate the granulation behavior of iron ore fine in a horizontal high-shear granulator,such as granules size distribution,granules growth rate,and permeability of the granules bed.The results show that the granule size and permeability of packed granules bed increase gradually with increasing the granulation time,and the growth of granules can be divided into three stages:the rapid growth stage,the slow growth stage and the relatively stable stage.Both the higher rotational speed and larger number of impellers increase the kinetic energy and collision frequency of the particles,which causes the increase of average granule size,growth rate and permeability of granules packed bed.On the other hand,the shear damage effect of the impellers on the granules is also enhanced with the increase of rotational speed and impeller number,resulting in significant granule size segregation.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore if Hewei Jiangni granule(和胃降逆颗粒,HWJNG)could regulate esophageal hypersensitivity via stromal interaction molecule 1(STIM1)/transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1(TRPV1)pat...OBJECTIVE:To explore if Hewei Jiangni granule(和胃降逆颗粒,HWJNG)could regulate esophageal hypersensitivity via stromal interaction molecule 1(STIM1)/transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1(TRPV1)pathway.METHODS:Qualitative analysis of HWJNG was analysis by high performance of liquid and gas chromatography.In vivo,animal model of non-erosive reflux disease(NERD)was established by fructose intake and restraint stress.HWJNG and Omeprazole were administered by gavage to the drug intervention group.Reflux and visceral hypersensitivity were analyzed by pathological changes,PH value test,mechanical paw withdrawal threshold,thermal withdrawal latency and mast cells(MCs)degranulation.In vitro,substance P(SP)-induced P815 cells and dorsal root ganglion(DRG)cells were cocultured.Expression in both mice and cells of STIM1,TRPV1,and esophageal visceral hypersensitivity-related gastrointestinal neurochemicals were validated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays,quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and Western blot.Moreover,overexpression and small interfering RNA against STIM1 were utilized to verify of the role of HWJNG in DRG cells.RESULTS:HWJNG significantly suppressed intercellular space widening,injury of mitochondrial,MCs degranulation,mechanical allodynia and heat neuropathic sensory and increased pH value of esophageal mucosa in NERD mice.HWJNG inhibited expression of visceral hypersensitivityrelated gastrointestinal neurochemicals in esophageal mucosa and activated P815 cells,and expression of the STIM1,TRPV1 and related neurotransmitters in DRG and DRG cells.STIM1 siRNA and HWJNG both reduced P815 cells adhesion to DRGs cells and Ca2+flow into the cytoplasmic space of DRG cells.Furthermore,HWJNG could reversed STIM1 overexpression induced upregulation of TRPV1.CONCLUSION:HWJNG suppressed intercellular space widening in NERD mice,stabilized MCs and restored neuronal hyperexcitability by regulating visceral hypersensitivity via STIM1/TRPV1 pathway.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the potential efficacy and safety of Lutai Danshen Baishao granules(LDBG)for treating female melasma associated with kidney deficiency and blood stasis patterns.Methods:A randomized,double-bli...Objective:To investigate the potential efficacy and safety of Lutai Danshen Baishao granules(LDBG)for treating female melasma associated with kidney deficiency and blood stasis patterns.Methods:A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial was conducted at the Third Central Hospital of Tianjin,China from March to December 2023.A total of 110 female patients with melasma linked to kidney deficiency and blood stasis were enrolled and treated with either LDBG or a placebo twice daily for 60 days.Efficacy was assessed through measures such as the total melasma area,reduced melasma area,reduction rate of melasma area,melasma color score,Melasma Area and Severity Index(MASI)score,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom score scale.Safety assessments included routine blood and biochemical tests.Results:Participants in both groups were aged 52-63 years,with no significant differences.After the 2-month intervention,the total melasma area decreased in both groups;however,a greater reduction was observed in the test group[462.50 mm^(2)(12.81%)vs.100.00 mm2(3.11%),P<.001].Moreover,LDBG treatment significantly reduced the MASI and melasma color scores in the test group(P<.05).The total TCM symptom evaluation score significantly decreased(test group:6.00 vs.placebo group:7.00,P=.001),with significant relief in symptoms such as improvement in dark lips,nails,and waist soreness in the test group,compared with that in the placebo group(P<.05).Within-group comparisons revealed that TCM syndrome was significantly alleviated in the test group(P<.05).Conclusion:LDBG intervention shows promising effectiveness in reducing female melasma and alleviating TCM syndromes.展开更多
Pinelliae Rhizoma(PR),known as Banxia in Chinese,Hange in Japanese,and Banha in Korean,is a renowned herbal medicine in East Asia derived from the dry tuber of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit.(PT).It is extensively util...Pinelliae Rhizoma(PR),known as Banxia in Chinese,Hange in Japanese,and Banha in Korean,is a renowned herbal medicine in East Asia derived from the dry tuber of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit.(PT).It is extensively utilized in dispensing granules,classical prescriptions,and herbal formulas to treat various conditions,including cough,infection,phlegm,nausea,asthma,and inflammation.Despite numerous studies on PR and its classical prescriptions over recent decades,a comprehensive synthesis of available evidence regarding its multifunctional roles and therapeutic potential is lacking.This review aims to address this gap by examining emerging evidence from metabonomics,preclinical studies,and clinical trials,while exploring potential trends and prospects for future research.A systematic literature search was conducted across six electronic databases,including Pub Med,Web of Science,Scopus,Science Direct,Wanfang,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure,to identify relevant articles on PR published until March 2023.PR contains 107 compounds with diverse pharmacological activities,including anti-inflammatory,immune regulatory,anti-viral,anti-cancer,anti-asthma,antitussive and expectorant,antioxidant,anti-obesity,anti-atherosclerosis,antimicrobial,emetic and anti-emetic,anti-convulsant and anti-epileptic,sedative and hypnotic,learning and memory enhancement,and anti-depressant effects.Metabonomic studies suggest that raw PR may exhibit cardiotoxicity and pregnancy toxicity while showing no apparent hepatorenal toxicity.However,limited pharmacokinetic investigations on PR constrain its clinical translation.Furthermore,clinical safety data on PR is scarce,with only four clinical trials assessing its positive effects in pediatric epilepsy,nausea and vomiting,soft tissue injury,and chronic sinus tract.This review aims to enhance understanding of PR and provide valuable information and recommendations for further research and development of herbal medicine.展开更多
Low-carbon alkali-activated slag(AAS)is among the most common alkali-activated materials(AAMs).To further lower CO_(2) emissions and optimize the material system,we proposed a scheme of using phosphorous slag(PS)to su...Low-carbon alkali-activated slag(AAS)is among the most common alkali-activated materials(AAMs).To further lower CO_(2) emissions and optimize the material system,we proposed a scheme of using phosphorous slag(PS)to substitute ground granulated blast-furnace slag(GGBS)in sodium carbonate(NC)activated slag system.we conducted a systematic study on the mechanical properties of the NC-activated slag/PS blends at normal temperature and examined the influences of different substitution amounts of phosphorus slag and NC equivalents on the performance of the material system.The hydration process was analyzed using hydration flow and chemical shrinkage.The hydration products were characterized via XRD and TGA.Moreover,the pore structure and pH value were also analyzed.When the substitution dosage of PS was not greater than 30%,the 3 d compressive strength of the systems was improved to a certain degree.However,in the medium and later periods,the compressive strength of the systems was slightly lower than that of the control group.The 90 d compressive strength of the control group 4SC-0% was 47.6 MPa,which was 4.0 MPa lower than the 28 d one of itself,presenting a strength retrogression phenomenon,while all the test groups demonstrated a continuous growth law.When the substitution dosage of PS was not more than 30%,the hydration reaction of the AAS system was facilitated,whereas when the substitution amount was 50%,the hydration of the system was conspicuously slowed down.The incorporation of phosphorous slag was capable of enhancing the volume stability of the material system.The hydration products of this system were likely to be manasseite,calcite,and C-S-(A)-H.When the incorporation amount of phosphorous slag increased,the quantity of the hydration products reduced,which might result in the generation of C-N-S-A-H.The study proposed the methodology for designing weak base-activated slag/PS.展开更多
Leachate sludge,a byproduct of municipal solid waste leachate treated through biochemical processes,is characterized by high water content(761.1%)and significant organic matter content(71.2%).Cement that is commonly u...Leachate sludge,a byproduct of municipal solid waste leachate treated through biochemical processes,is characterized by high water content(761.1%)and significant organic matter content(71.2%).Cement that is commonly used for solidifying leachate sludge has shown limited effectiveness.To address this issue,an alkali-activated ground-granulated blast-furnace slag(GGBS)geopolymer blended with polypropylene fibers was developed to solidify leachate sludge.Moreover,unconfined compressive strength(UCS),immersion,as well as X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and scanning electron microscope(SEM)tests were conducted to investigate the solidification effect and mechanism of the GGBS-based geopolymer and fibers on leachate sludge.The results showed that:the 28-d UCS of the solidified sludge with 20%and 30%GGBS is 0.35 MPa and 1.85 MPa,and decreases to 0.18 MPa and 1.13 MPa,respectively,after soaked in water for 28 d.Notably,the UCS of the solidified sludge with 30%GGBS satisfied the strength requirement of roadbed materials.Polypropylene fibers significantly enhanced the strength,ductility and water stability of the solidified sludge,with an optimal fiber content of 0.3%.Alkali-activated GGBS geopolymer generated three-dimensional,cross-linked geopolymeric gels within the solidified sludge,cementing sludge particles and filling intergranular pores to form a stable cementitious structure,thereby achieving effective solidification.Furthermore,incorporating polypropylene fibers improved the bonding and anchoring effect between fiber and solidified sludge,constrained lateral deformation of the solidified sludge,restricted crack propagation,and enhanced engineering performance of the solidified leachate sludge.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of the Qingyanyin formulated granules(轻燕饮配方颗粒,QYY),press needles(PN),and their combined application in addressing abdominal obesity(AO).This trial aims to offer a mor...OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of the Qingyanyin formulated granules(轻燕饮配方颗粒,QYY),press needles(PN),and their combined application in addressing abdominal obesity(AO).This trial aims to offer a more scientifically grounded therapeutic regimen for clinical interventions.METHODS:From March 2021 to July 2021,a multicenter,triple-blind,randomized 2×2 factorial design clinical trial was conducted across 7 centers in 4 major cities within China's mainland.The trial participants were patients diagnosed with AO.The trial followed a 1∶1∶1∶1 random allocation ratio,assigning participants to one of four groups:QYY placebo plus simulated press needles(SPN)(placebo+SPN),QYY plus SPN(QYY+SPN),QYY placebo plus PN(placebo+PN),and QYY plus PN(QYY+PN).The trial participants received treatment for 12 weeks.Observe the changes in waist circumference,body weight,body mass index(BMI),Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI)scores,and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)before and after treatment.RESULTS:The QYY+PN group exhibited significant improvements in waist circumference compared to placebo+PN[Difference=-1.59,95%CI(-3.03,-0.16)]and placebo+SPN groups[Difference=-2.01,95%CI(-3.46,-0.57)].QYY+PN demonstrated a significant advantage over placebo+SPN[Difference=-2.01,95%CI(-3.46,-0.57)],and no statistically significant interaction was observed between the two interventions(P>0.05).In terms of weight and BMI improvements,the QYY+PN,QYY+SPN,and the PN+placebo groups all experienced trending greater reductions in weight compared to the placebo group.In terms of the total scores of PSQI,BAI,and BDI,all four groups exhibited improvements compared to the baseline.Specifically,concerning the change in total PSQI scores,the QYY+PN group exhibited a greater reduction;Regarding the change in total BAI scores,the PN+placebo group demonstrated a greater decrease;As for the change in total BDI scores,the QYY+SPN group displayed a greater reduction.CONCLUSION:This study confirmed that QYY+PN can effectively reduce the waist circumference of patients with AO.Furthermore,the combined approach offers greater benefits than either treatment alone,all without any reported serious adverse events.展开更多
BACKGROUND Owing to the absence of specific symptoms in early-stage gastric cancer,most patients are diagnosed at intermediate or advanced stages.As a result,treatment often shifts from surgery to other therapies,with...BACKGROUND Owing to the absence of specific symptoms in early-stage gastric cancer,most patients are diagnosed at intermediate or advanced stages.As a result,treatment often shifts from surgery to other therapies,with chemotherapy and targeted therapies being the primary options for advanced gastric cancer treatment.A total of 116 patients with advanced gastric cancer,admitted from January 2021 to December 2023,were selected and divided into two groups of 58 each using the random number table method.The control group received FOLFOX4 chemothe-rapy(oxaliplatin+calcium+folinate+5-fluorouracil)combined with intravenous sindilizumab.The observation group received the same treatment as the control group,supplemented by oral administration of Senqi Shiyiwei granules.Both groups underwent treatment cycles of 3 weeks,with a minimum of two cycles.The therapeutic efficacy,immune mechanisms,and treatment-related toxicity and side effects were compared between the groups.The objective remission rate in the observation group(55.17%)was higher than that of the control group(36.21%)(P<0.05).After two treatment cycle,CD3+,CD4+,and CD4+/CD8+levels were higher in the observation group compared to the control group,while CD8+,regulatory T cells,and natural killer cells were lower(P<0.05).Additionally,the incidence of leukopenia,nausea,and vomiting was lower in observed group(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed in the incidence of other adverse reactions(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Adjuvant therapy with Shenqixian granules may enhance the efficacy of simudizumab combined with FOLFOX4 chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer and the immune function by increasing immune cell counts,making it a valuable option in clinical treatment.展开更多
Osteosarcoma(OS)is the most frequent primary bone sarcomas with high recurrence and poor prognosis.Emerging evidence indicates that membraneless organelles stress granules(SGs),whose assemblies are driven by scaffold ...Osteosarcoma(OS)is the most frequent primary bone sarcomas with high recurrence and poor prognosis.Emerging evidence indicates that membraneless organelles stress granules(SGs),whose assemblies are driven by scaffold protein G3BP1,are extensively involved in tumor,especially in OS.However,how SGs behave and communicate with organelles,particularly nucleoli and mitochondria,during drug challenges remain unknown.This study revealed that chemotherapeutic drugs activated the cysteine protease asparagine endopeptidase(AEP)to specifically cleave the SG core protein G3BP1 at N258/N309 in OS and malignant glioma.tG3BP1-Ns modulated SG dynamics by competitively binding to full-length G3BP1.Strikingly,tG3BP1-Cs,containing a conserved RNA recognition motif CCUBSCUS,sequestered mRNAs of ribosomal proteins and oxidative phosphorylation genes in the nucleoli and mitochondria to repress translation and oxidative stress.Moreover,the inhibition of AEP promoted the tumor-suppressing effect of chemotherapeutic drugs,whereas AEP-cleaved G3BP1 rescue reversed the effect in both OS and glioma models.Cancerous tissues exhibited high levels of AEP and G3BP1 truncations,which were strongly associated with poor prognosis.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51974048 and 52004046)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Nos. 2021T140783 and 2020M673131)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Chongqing (No. cstc2020jcyj-bsh X 0030)
文摘This work proposes a novel horizontal high-shear granulator for iron ore granulation before sintering process.The granulation behavior such as growth process and structure of granules were firstly analyzed,followed by the effects of operation conditions such as water content,initial particle size distribution,and the concentrate ratio.The results show that the granule size increased significantly with increasing the granulation time,and the structure of granule can be divided into three types:non-nuclei,single-nuclei,and multi-nuclei.Water promotes the coalescence and growth of particles,and a better granulation performance was obtained at the water content of 8.8wt%under the current raw material conditions.Increasing the nuclei particle ratio led to an increase in average size of granules and permeability of the granules bed,but a decrease in growth index.Besides,with increasing of concentrate ratio,granulation performance such as granule size,bed permeability,and uniformity became worse.
文摘Pan granulators are widely used in granulation processes;however,the relationship between particle dynamics within the equipment and the underlying agglomeration mechanisms remains not fully understood.To address this,the present study conducted numerical simulations using the Discrete Element Method(DEM)with cohesive contact force models.Various models were evaluated and compared with experimental data to determine the one that best represented the behavior of the granular bed.The selected model,which incorporates the Easo capillarity model for particle-particle interactions and the SJKR adhesion model for particle-wall interactions,yielded satisfactory results.The numerical findings highlighted significant changes in granular flow dynamics when cohesive forces were taken into account.Additionally,the influence of cohesive forces and rotational speeds on residence time distributions(RTD)was analyzed,revealing the presence of a short-circuit effect in all cohesive granular beds.Finally,a new methodology was developed to quantify particle agglomeration.Larger and more numerous agglomerates were observed when the pan granulator operated in rolling or cascading regimes,conditions that were associated with longer residence times and an increased number of particle contacts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072236)Sichuan Innovation Team Project of National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(SCCXTD-2024-25)Science and Technology Talent Innovation Fund of Chengdu(2024-YF05-01096-SN).
文摘The high protein and phospholipid content of yolk granules,which are naturally occurring lipoprotein complexes,coupled with a low cholesterol level.The development and utilization of yolk granules require a detailed investigation of their nutritional composition and characteristics.This study aimed to analyze the differences in nutrient composition among yolk granules from different poultry(chicken,duck,and quail)by evaluating nutrient content,microstructure,and physicochemical properties,accompanying lipidomics techniques.The findings revealed that the water,total lipid,and ash contents of duck yolk granules(DYG)were significantly lower than those of chicken yolk granules(CYG)and quail yolk granules(QYG),while the average particle size of DYG was significantly higher than that of CYG and QYG.A total of 1146 lipids molecules were identified through lipidome analysis,with glycerophospholipids(520)being the most abundant lipid class.The contents of sphingolipids content were highest in CYG,while the contents of glycerophospholipids,glycerides and fatty acyls were higher in QYG.QYG possesses a greaterω-3 andω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids content.Furthermore,34,19,and 51 lipid biomarker candidates were identified in CYG/DYG,CYG/QYG,and DYG/QYG,respectively.This study offers valuable insights into the nutritional properties of yolk granules from different poultry eggs.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program'Modernization Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine':Cardiovascular Event Chain(Metabolic Syndrome,Atherosclerosis,Myocardial Infarction,Arrhythmia,Heart Failure)(No.2017YFC700500)the Key R&D Program of Hebei:Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Project:Clinical Research on the Treatment of Diabetes Foot with Collateral Drugs and the Mechanism of Its Influence on Collateral Vessel Reconstruction(No.223777155D)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Project of Hebei Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine:Clinical Study on Jinlida Granules in Treating Intestinal Dysfunction of diabetes and Its Effect on Short Chain Fatty Acids(No.2023179)the Scientific Research Project of Hebei Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine:Clinical Study on Tongluo Therapy for Diabetes Foot and Its Influence on Microcirculation(No.2018200)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Jinlida granules(津力达颗粒,JLD)on body weight,glucose tolerance,intestinal inflammation and barrier function in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese rats and explore the regulation of the gut microbiota as a potential treatment mechanism.METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control,HFD,low-dose JLD(L-JLD),high-dose JLD(HJLD),and sitagliptin groups.The rats,with the exception of those in the control group,were fed a HFD to establish an obesity model while simultaneously receiving 0.5%carboxymethyl cellulose,L-JLD,H-JLD or sitagliptin for 25 weeks.We assessed body weight,conducted oral glucose tolerance tests,and analysed faecal samples using metagenomic sequencing.Haematoxylin-eosin(HE),Masson and immunohistochemical(IHC)staining were employed to evaluate histological changes in the colon tissue.Immunofluorescence(IF)staining was used to measure the expression levels of Zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and Claudin-1 in colon tissue.The colon tissue was also subjected to transcriptomic evaluation.RESULTS:JLD treatment significantly reduced body weight and enhanced glucose tolerance in obese rats.It alleviated colonic tissue damage,decreased collagen deposition,inhibited macrophage infiltration,and increased the expression of the tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Claudin-1.Metagenomic analysis revealed JLDinduced shifts in the gut microbiota composition(increasing the abundance of Turicibacter,Faecalibaculum,Coriobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus reuteri),enriching beneficial bacteria and metabolic pathways(increasing the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites,ascorbate and aldarate metabolism,oxidative phosphorylation,C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism and beta-alanine metabolism).Transcriptomic analysis revealed downregulation of inflammatory and immune pathways(inhibition of the tumour necrosis factor signalling pathway,advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products signalling pathway,toll-like receptor signalling pathway,and interleukin-17 signalling pathway),suggesting a comprehensive modulatory effect of JLD on intestinal health and metabolic function.CONCLUSIONS:JLD granules effectively improve glucose tolerance and ameliorate obesity-related intestinal dysfunctions in HFD-induced obese rats.These benefits are likely mediated through the modulation of the gut microbiota,the suppression of intestinal inflammation,the enhancement of barrier function,and the attenuation of proinflammatory pathways.Our findings offer novel insights into the therapeutic potential of JLD,emphasizing its role in integrating gut microbiota management into the treatment of metabolic disorders.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFD1900104 and 2021YFD1901203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42177293,42130716 and U23A2009)the Chinese Academy of Sciences Talent Plan Program。
文摘Barren paddy fields characterized by poor soil structure,shallow tillage layers and low organic carbon content are a common limitation to rice production in subtropical China.As a novel approach to soil improvement,granulated organic amendments offer significant potential.Previous studies have shown that granulated straw can improve soil physicochemical properties and rapidly increase the soil organic carbon(SOC)content.However,their effects on barren paddies remain underexplored.This study evaluated four soil amendment strategies:no organic amendments(CK),10 t ha^(–1)of composted manure(M10),20 t ha^(–1)of granulated organic amendment(G20),and 40 t ha^(–1)of granulated organic amendment(G40).The objective was to assess the effects of these amendments on soil structure,the contents of aggregate-associated carbon(AAC),particulate organic carbon(POC)and mineral-associated organic carbon(MAOC),and the chemical stability of MAOC among various size aggregates in both topsoil(0–20 cm)and subsoil(20–40 cm).The results demonstrated that organic amendment inputs significantly increased the macroaggregate(>250μm)proportion and improved soil structural stability.These amendments also elevated the carbon concentration within aggregates of various sizes and facilitated the redistribution of organic carbon from microaggregates(53–250μm)and silt+clay fractions(<53μm)to macroaggregates.The proportion of POC to AAC declined with decreasing aggregate size,whereas the proportion of MAOC increased.In the topsoil,macroaggregate formation enhanced the protection of POC,supported the accumulation of non-hydrolyzable carbon within MAOC,and accelerated the formation of intra-microaggregates.In the subsoil,mineral-bound organic carbon remained the dominant form of carbon sequestration.In conclusion,the application of 40 t ha^(–1)of granulated organic amendment proved to be a successful tactic for enhancing soil physicochemical structure,increasing SOC content,and improving carbon stability.This approach offers a promising and innovative solution for the sustainable management and restoration of barren paddy fields.
基金funded by the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftungsupported by DFG (SCH W534/6-1 to SWS)
文摘The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is a plastic structure that displays modifications at different levels in response to positive stimuli as well as to negative conditions such as brain damage.The latter involves global alterations,making understanding plastic responses triggered by local damage difficult.One key feature of the dentate gyrus is that it contains a well-defined neurogenic niche,the subgranular zone,and beyond neurogenesis,newly born granule cells may maintain a“young”phenotype throughout life,adding to the plastic nature of the structure.Here,we present a novel experimental model of local brain damage in organotypic entorhino-hippocampal cultures that results in the activation of adjacent newly born granule cells.A small piece of filter paper was placed on the surface of the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus,which evoked a foreign body reaction of astrocytes,along with the activation of local young neurons expressing doublecortin.Forty-eight hours after foreign body placement,the number of doublecortin-immunoreactive cells increased in the subgranular zone in the direct vicinity of the foreign body,whereas overall increased doublecortin immunoreactivity was observed in the granule cell layer and molecular layer of the dentate gyrus.Foreign body placement in the pyramidal layer of the CA1 region evoked a comparable local astroglial reaction but did not lead to an increase in doublecortin-immunoreactive in either the CA1 region or the adjacent dentate gyrus.Seven days after foreign body placement in the dentate gyrus,the increase in doublecortin-immunoreactivity was no longer observed,indicating the transient activation of young cells.However,7 days after foreign body placement,the number of doublecortin-immunoreactive granule cells coimmunoreactive for calbindin was lower than that under the control conditions.As calbindin is a marker for mature granule cells,this result suggests that activated young cells remain at a more immature stage following foreign body placement.Live imaging of retrovirally green fluorescent protein-labeled newly born granule cells revealed the orientation and growth of their dendrites toward the foreign body placement.This novel experimental model of foreign body placement in organotypic entorhino-hippocampal cultures could serve as a valuable tool for studying both glial reactivity and neuronal plasticity,specifically of newly born neurons under controlled in vitro conditions.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1901203 and 2021YFD1901204)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA0440404)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42377348)the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province,China(2024JJ2052)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi,China(2025GXNSFAA069337)。
文摘Rapidly improving infertile croplands and enhancing their soil organic carbon(SOC)pool necessitate substantial organic materials incorporation.Converting loose crop straw into granulated form facilitates uniform incorporation within the plough soil layer.As an innovative soil amelioration approach,the efficiency and patterns of SOC accumulation remain unclear.Two field experiments were conducted in infertile subtropical upland and paddy soils with 0,30,60,and 90 Mg ha^(-1)granulated straw incorporation.After one year,SOC accumulation efficiency from straw input remained stable in upland(30.8–37.5%)with increasing amounts of straw incorporation,while declined from 60.0 to 38.3%in paddy.In both croplands,the contributions of lignin phenols to SOC increased with increasing straw incorporation,while the contributions from amino sugars remained constant at higher straw input levels.Subsequently,the ratios of lignin phenols to amino sugars increased with increasing straw incorporation,indicating faster plant residue accumulation compared to microbial necromass,as the granulation approach limited microbial involvement in straw transformation.Thus,single-time incorporation of substantial granulated straw presents an effective agricultural strategy for rapid amelioration of infertile croplands.
基金supported by a grant from the Merkin Peripheral Neuropathy and Nerve Regeneration Center(to PKS)the Rutgers University Startup Fund(to PKS).
文摘Stress granules are membraneless organelles that serve as a protective cellular response to external stressors by sequestering non-translating messenger RNAs(mRNAs)and regulating protein synthesis.Stress granules formation mechanism is conserved across species,from yeast to mammals,and they play a critical role in minimizing cellular damage during stress.Composed of heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein complexes,stress granules are enriched not only in mRNAs but also in noncoding RNAs and various proteins,including translation initiation factors and RNA-binding proteins.Genetic mutations affecting stress granule assembly and disassembly can lead to abnormal stress granule accumulation,contributing to the progression of several diseases.Recent research indicates that stress granule dynamics are pivotal in determining their physiological and pathological functions,with acute stress granule formation offering protection and chronic stress granule accumulation being detrimental.This review focuses on the multifaceted roles of stress granules under diverse physiological conditions,such as regulation of mRNA transport,mRNA translation,apoptosis,germ cell development,phase separation processes that govern stress granule formation,and their emerging implications in pathophysiological scenarios,such as viral infections,cancer,neurodevelopmental disorders,neurodegeneration,and neuronal trauma.
基金supported by National Institutes of Health(R35NS137480,R35NS116843,and RF1AG079557)by Dr.Miriam and Sheldon G.Adelson Medical Research Foundation.
文摘The adult subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone in the hippocampal dentate gyrus(DG)are the two brain regions where neurogenesis occurs throughout life in the adult mammalian brain(Ming and Song,2011).Adult quiescent hippocampal neural stem cells(NSCs)are bona fide stem cells and,when activated,give rise to newborn granule neurons in the adult brain,which play vital roles in learning,memory,mood,and affective cognition(Bonaguidi et al.,2011;Ming and Song,2011).
基金the EPSRC(Grant No.GR/S25029/01),Borax Europe Ltd.,Hosokawa Micron B.V.,Pfizer Global R&D,and Procter and Gamble for their financial support of this project
文摘This study focuses on the characterisation of strength, density, and size of granules produced in various scales of a high shear granulator. Calcium carbonate （Durca165） was used as the feed powder and aqueous polyethylene glycol （PEG 4000） as the binder. The dried granules were analysed for their strength, density, size distribution, and wall make-up. Granules were produced in granulators with four scales, 1, 5, 50, and 250 L under three scale-up rules of constant tip speed, constant shear stress, and constant Froude number. The results show that regardless of equipment scale, increasing the impeller speed has a great effect on crushing strength and stress. The underlying cause is an increase in granule density due to more consolidation at higher impeller speeds. Wall make-up is significantly reduced to less than 5% as the scale is increased from 1 to 250 L. The results of this study corroborate our previous findings that the constant tip speed rule is the best criterion for scale-up of high shear granulators.
基金support from the Engineering and Physical Science Research Council(EPSRC,Grant No.EP/M02976X)the Royal Society Newton International Fellowships(Grant No.NIF/R1/181640)the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships under European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme(Grant Nos.747963,840264).
文摘During twin screw granulation(TSG),small particles,which generally have irregular shapes,agglomerate together to form larger granules with improved properties.However,how particle shape impacts the conveying characteristics during TSG is not explored nor well understood.In this study,a graphic processor units(GPUs)enhanced discrete element method(DEM)is adopted to examine the effect of particle shape on the conveying characteristics in a full scale twin screw granulator for the first time.It is found that TSG with spherical particles has the smallest particle retention number,mean residence time,and power consumption;while for TSG with hexagonal prism(Hexp)shaped particles the largest particle retention number is obtained,and TSG with cubic particles requires the highest power consumption.Furthermore,spherical particles exhibit a flow pattern closer to an ideal plug flow,while cubic particles present a flow pattern approaching a perfect mixing.It is demonstrated that the GPU-enhanced DEM is capable of simulating the complex TSG process in a full-scale twin screw granulator with non-spherical particles.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.51974048,52004046)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant Nos.2021T140783,2020M673131)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Chongqing(grant No.cstc2020jcyj-bshX0030).
文摘High-shear granulation is widely used in many particulate industries for its good capability to improve the size,strength and composition uniformity of powder substances.This work conducted an experimental study to investigate the granulation behavior of iron ore fine in a horizontal high-shear granulator,such as granules size distribution,granules growth rate,and permeability of the granules bed.The results show that the granule size and permeability of packed granules bed increase gradually with increasing the granulation time,and the growth of granules can be divided into three stages:the rapid growth stage,the slow growth stage and the relatively stable stage.Both the higher rotational speed and larger number of impellers increase the kinetic energy and collision frequency of the particles,which causes the increase of average granule size,growth rate and permeability of granules packed bed.On the other hand,the shear damage effect of the impellers on the granules is also enhanced with the increase of rotational speed and impeller number,resulting in significant granule size segregation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China:Study on the Molecular Mechanism of the Regulation of Crypt Goblet Cell Pyroptosis and Exocytosis to Repair Ulcerative Colitis Mucus Barrier by the Method of Clearing and Opening the Xuanfu from the Perspective of"Xuanfu-Crypt"(No.82305143),and National Natural Science Foundation of China:Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of"Hewei Jiangni Fang"Intervention in Non-erosive Reflux Disease Esophageal Hypersensitivity from the Perspective of Mas-related Gene X2/Stromal Interaction Molecule 1/Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 Pathway Regulation of Mast Cell/Dorsal Root Ganglion Communication based on the"Xinkai-Kujiang"Method(No.82374401)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore if Hewei Jiangni granule(和胃降逆颗粒,HWJNG)could regulate esophageal hypersensitivity via stromal interaction molecule 1(STIM1)/transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1(TRPV1)pathway.METHODS:Qualitative analysis of HWJNG was analysis by high performance of liquid and gas chromatography.In vivo,animal model of non-erosive reflux disease(NERD)was established by fructose intake and restraint stress.HWJNG and Omeprazole were administered by gavage to the drug intervention group.Reflux and visceral hypersensitivity were analyzed by pathological changes,PH value test,mechanical paw withdrawal threshold,thermal withdrawal latency and mast cells(MCs)degranulation.In vitro,substance P(SP)-induced P815 cells and dorsal root ganglion(DRG)cells were cocultured.Expression in both mice and cells of STIM1,TRPV1,and esophageal visceral hypersensitivity-related gastrointestinal neurochemicals were validated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays,quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and Western blot.Moreover,overexpression and small interfering RNA against STIM1 were utilized to verify of the role of HWJNG in DRG cells.RESULTS:HWJNG significantly suppressed intercellular space widening,injury of mitochondrial,MCs degranulation,mechanical allodynia and heat neuropathic sensory and increased pH value of esophageal mucosa in NERD mice.HWJNG inhibited expression of visceral hypersensitivityrelated gastrointestinal neurochemicals in esophageal mucosa and activated P815 cells,and expression of the STIM1,TRPV1 and related neurotransmitters in DRG and DRG cells.STIM1 siRNA and HWJNG both reduced P815 cells adhesion to DRGs cells and Ca2+flow into the cytoplasmic space of DRG cells.Furthermore,HWJNG could reversed STIM1 overexpression induced upregulation of TRPV1.CONCLUSION:HWJNG suppressed intercellular space widening in NERD mice,stabilized MCs and restored neuronal hyperexcitability by regulating visceral hypersensitivity via STIM1/TRPV1 pathway.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Plan of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization Research Key Project(2018YFC1706800).
文摘Objective:To investigate the potential efficacy and safety of Lutai Danshen Baishao granules(LDBG)for treating female melasma associated with kidney deficiency and blood stasis patterns.Methods:A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial was conducted at the Third Central Hospital of Tianjin,China from March to December 2023.A total of 110 female patients with melasma linked to kidney deficiency and blood stasis were enrolled and treated with either LDBG or a placebo twice daily for 60 days.Efficacy was assessed through measures such as the total melasma area,reduced melasma area,reduction rate of melasma area,melasma color score,Melasma Area and Severity Index(MASI)score,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom score scale.Safety assessments included routine blood and biochemical tests.Results:Participants in both groups were aged 52-63 years,with no significant differences.After the 2-month intervention,the total melasma area decreased in both groups;however,a greater reduction was observed in the test group[462.50 mm^(2)(12.81%)vs.100.00 mm2(3.11%),P<.001].Moreover,LDBG treatment significantly reduced the MASI and melasma color scores in the test group(P<.05).The total TCM symptom evaluation score significantly decreased(test group:6.00 vs.placebo group:7.00,P=.001),with significant relief in symptoms such as improvement in dark lips,nails,and waist soreness in the test group,compared with that in the placebo group(P<.05).Within-group comparisons revealed that TCM syndrome was significantly alleviated in the test group(P<.05).Conclusion:LDBG intervention shows promising effectiveness in reducing female melasma and alleviating TCM syndromes.
基金funded by the Macao Science and Technology Development Fund(FDCT Nos.001/2023/ALC,0123/2022/A,0006/2020/AKP,and 005/2023/SKL)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2020A1515010922)+1 种基金the Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macao S&T Program(Category C,No.SGDX2020110309420200)the Research Fund of University of Macao(Nos.MYRG-GRG2023-00198-ICMS,CPG2024-00038-ICMS and SRG2022-00052-ICMS)。
文摘Pinelliae Rhizoma(PR),known as Banxia in Chinese,Hange in Japanese,and Banha in Korean,is a renowned herbal medicine in East Asia derived from the dry tuber of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit.(PT).It is extensively utilized in dispensing granules,classical prescriptions,and herbal formulas to treat various conditions,including cough,infection,phlegm,nausea,asthma,and inflammation.Despite numerous studies on PR and its classical prescriptions over recent decades,a comprehensive synthesis of available evidence regarding its multifunctional roles and therapeutic potential is lacking.This review aims to address this gap by examining emerging evidence from metabonomics,preclinical studies,and clinical trials,while exploring potential trends and prospects for future research.A systematic literature search was conducted across six electronic databases,including Pub Med,Web of Science,Scopus,Science Direct,Wanfang,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure,to identify relevant articles on PR published until March 2023.PR contains 107 compounds with diverse pharmacological activities,including anti-inflammatory,immune regulatory,anti-viral,anti-cancer,anti-asthma,antitussive and expectorant,antioxidant,anti-obesity,anti-atherosclerosis,antimicrobial,emetic and anti-emetic,anti-convulsant and anti-epileptic,sedative and hypnotic,learning and memory enhancement,and anti-depressant effects.Metabonomic studies suggest that raw PR may exhibit cardiotoxicity and pregnancy toxicity while showing no apparent hepatorenal toxicity.However,limited pharmacokinetic investigations on PR constrain its clinical translation.Furthermore,clinical safety data on PR is scarce,with only four clinical trials assessing its positive effects in pediatric epilepsy,nausea and vomiting,soft tissue injury,and chronic sinus tract.This review aims to enhance understanding of PR and provide valuable information and recommendations for further research and development of herbal medicine.
基金Supported by Key Research and Development Program Project of Hubei Province(No.2023DJC157)。
文摘Low-carbon alkali-activated slag(AAS)is among the most common alkali-activated materials(AAMs).To further lower CO_(2) emissions and optimize the material system,we proposed a scheme of using phosphorous slag(PS)to substitute ground granulated blast-furnace slag(GGBS)in sodium carbonate(NC)activated slag system.we conducted a systematic study on the mechanical properties of the NC-activated slag/PS blends at normal temperature and examined the influences of different substitution amounts of phosphorus slag and NC equivalents on the performance of the material system.The hydration process was analyzed using hydration flow and chemical shrinkage.The hydration products were characterized via XRD and TGA.Moreover,the pore structure and pH value were also analyzed.When the substitution dosage of PS was not greater than 30%,the 3 d compressive strength of the systems was improved to a certain degree.However,in the medium and later periods,the compressive strength of the systems was slightly lower than that of the control group.The 90 d compressive strength of the control group 4SC-0% was 47.6 MPa,which was 4.0 MPa lower than the 28 d one of itself,presenting a strength retrogression phenomenon,while all the test groups demonstrated a continuous growth law.When the substitution dosage of PS was not more than 30%,the hydration reaction of the AAS system was facilitated,whereas when the substitution amount was 50%,the hydration of the system was conspicuously slowed down.The incorporation of phosphorous slag was capable of enhancing the volume stability of the material system.The hydration products of this system were likely to be manasseite,calcite,and C-S-(A)-H.When the incorporation amount of phosphorous slag increased,the quantity of the hydration products reduced,which might result in the generation of C-N-S-A-H.The study proposed the methodology for designing weak base-activated slag/PS.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52078142).
文摘Leachate sludge,a byproduct of municipal solid waste leachate treated through biochemical processes,is characterized by high water content(761.1%)and significant organic matter content(71.2%).Cement that is commonly used for solidifying leachate sludge has shown limited effectiveness.To address this issue,an alkali-activated ground-granulated blast-furnace slag(GGBS)geopolymer blended with polypropylene fibers was developed to solidify leachate sludge.Moreover,unconfined compressive strength(UCS),immersion,as well as X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and scanning electron microscope(SEM)tests were conducted to investigate the solidification effect and mechanism of the GGBS-based geopolymer and fibers on leachate sludge.The results showed that:the 28-d UCS of the solidified sludge with 20%and 30%GGBS is 0.35 MPa and 1.85 MPa,and decreases to 0.18 MPa and 1.13 MPa,respectively,after soaked in water for 28 d.Notably,the UCS of the solidified sludge with 30%GGBS satisfied the strength requirement of roadbed materials.Polypropylene fibers significantly enhanced the strength,ductility and water stability of the solidified sludge,with an optimal fiber content of 0.3%.Alkali-activated GGBS geopolymer generated three-dimensional,cross-linked geopolymeric gels within the solidified sludge,cementing sludge particles and filling intergranular pores to form a stable cementitious structure,thereby achieving effective solidification.Furthermore,incorporating polypropylene fibers improved the bonding and anchoring effect between fiber and solidified sludge,constrained lateral deformation of the solidified sludge,restricted crack propagation,and enhanced engineering performance of the solidified leachate sludge.
基金National Key Research and Development Project:Clinical Evaluation of the Interventional Techniques for Abdominal Obesity(No.2019YFC1710102)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of the Qingyanyin formulated granules(轻燕饮配方颗粒,QYY),press needles(PN),and their combined application in addressing abdominal obesity(AO).This trial aims to offer a more scientifically grounded therapeutic regimen for clinical interventions.METHODS:From March 2021 to July 2021,a multicenter,triple-blind,randomized 2×2 factorial design clinical trial was conducted across 7 centers in 4 major cities within China's mainland.The trial participants were patients diagnosed with AO.The trial followed a 1∶1∶1∶1 random allocation ratio,assigning participants to one of four groups:QYY placebo plus simulated press needles(SPN)(placebo+SPN),QYY plus SPN(QYY+SPN),QYY placebo plus PN(placebo+PN),and QYY plus PN(QYY+PN).The trial participants received treatment for 12 weeks.Observe the changes in waist circumference,body weight,body mass index(BMI),Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI)scores,and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)before and after treatment.RESULTS:The QYY+PN group exhibited significant improvements in waist circumference compared to placebo+PN[Difference=-1.59,95%CI(-3.03,-0.16)]and placebo+SPN groups[Difference=-2.01,95%CI(-3.46,-0.57)].QYY+PN demonstrated a significant advantage over placebo+SPN[Difference=-2.01,95%CI(-3.46,-0.57)],and no statistically significant interaction was observed between the two interventions(P>0.05).In terms of weight and BMI improvements,the QYY+PN,QYY+SPN,and the PN+placebo groups all experienced trending greater reductions in weight compared to the placebo group.In terms of the total scores of PSQI,BAI,and BDI,all four groups exhibited improvements compared to the baseline.Specifically,concerning the change in total PSQI scores,the QYY+PN group exhibited a greater reduction;Regarding the change in total BAI scores,the PN+placebo group demonstrated a greater decrease;As for the change in total BDI scores,the QYY+SPN group displayed a greater reduction.CONCLUSION:This study confirmed that QYY+PN can effectively reduce the waist circumference of patients with AO.Furthermore,the combined approach offers greater benefits than either treatment alone,all without any reported serious adverse events.
文摘BACKGROUND Owing to the absence of specific symptoms in early-stage gastric cancer,most patients are diagnosed at intermediate or advanced stages.As a result,treatment often shifts from surgery to other therapies,with chemotherapy and targeted therapies being the primary options for advanced gastric cancer treatment.A total of 116 patients with advanced gastric cancer,admitted from January 2021 to December 2023,were selected and divided into two groups of 58 each using the random number table method.The control group received FOLFOX4 chemothe-rapy(oxaliplatin+calcium+folinate+5-fluorouracil)combined with intravenous sindilizumab.The observation group received the same treatment as the control group,supplemented by oral administration of Senqi Shiyiwei granules.Both groups underwent treatment cycles of 3 weeks,with a minimum of two cycles.The therapeutic efficacy,immune mechanisms,and treatment-related toxicity and side effects were compared between the groups.The objective remission rate in the observation group(55.17%)was higher than that of the control group(36.21%)(P<0.05).After two treatment cycle,CD3+,CD4+,and CD4+/CD8+levels were higher in the observation group compared to the control group,while CD8+,regulatory T cells,and natural killer cells were lower(P<0.05).Additionally,the incidence of leukopenia,nausea,and vomiting was lower in observed group(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed in the incidence of other adverse reactions(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Adjuvant therapy with Shenqixian granules may enhance the efficacy of simudizumab combined with FOLFOX4 chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer and the immune function by increasing immune cell counts,making it a valuable option in clinical treatment.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant number 2023ZD0502206,2024YFB3213200,Topic No.2024YFB3213204)National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.82273278,82373514,82373202,82272728,82002630,81772654)+5 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number 2022YFC2404602)Shanghai Hospital Development Center Foundation(grant number SHDC12023108)Scientific and Technological Innovation Action Plan of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(grant number 22Y31900103)Beijing Science and Technology Innovation Medical Development Foundation(grant number KC2021-JX-0170-9)the Shanghai Association for Science and Technology(nos.201409003000,201409002400,20YF1426200)Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(grant number 23Y41900100).
文摘Osteosarcoma(OS)is the most frequent primary bone sarcomas with high recurrence and poor prognosis.Emerging evidence indicates that membraneless organelles stress granules(SGs),whose assemblies are driven by scaffold protein G3BP1,are extensively involved in tumor,especially in OS.However,how SGs behave and communicate with organelles,particularly nucleoli and mitochondria,during drug challenges remain unknown.This study revealed that chemotherapeutic drugs activated the cysteine protease asparagine endopeptidase(AEP)to specifically cleave the SG core protein G3BP1 at N258/N309 in OS and malignant glioma.tG3BP1-Ns modulated SG dynamics by competitively binding to full-length G3BP1.Strikingly,tG3BP1-Cs,containing a conserved RNA recognition motif CCUBSCUS,sequestered mRNAs of ribosomal proteins and oxidative phosphorylation genes in the nucleoli and mitochondria to repress translation and oxidative stress.Moreover,the inhibition of AEP promoted the tumor-suppressing effect of chemotherapeutic drugs,whereas AEP-cleaved G3BP1 rescue reversed the effect in both OS and glioma models.Cancerous tissues exhibited high levels of AEP and G3BP1 truncations,which were strongly associated with poor prognosis.
